Thematic Plan Research Articles

Дистанційне навчання за циклом "Невідкладні стани" очима лікаря-інтерна лікувального профілю та стоматолога

The purpose of the study. We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of distance training of interns of various specialties for the licensed integrated exam "Krok-3" by studying the opinions of the subjects of training. Materials and methods. More than 200 anonymous questionnaires of first-year interns in various specialties were analyzed. The survey was conducted on a five-point system. If the respondent had not wanted to answer any item of the questionnaire, in the corresponding column he put a mark "0". A comparative analysis of the results of testing the interns in the areas of "General Medicine" and "Dentistry" has been carried out. Distance learning means such an organization of the educational process in which the main attention is paid to the independent training of an intern doctor. Our previous studies have shown that most interns can master large volumes of educational material. Therefore, according to the subject of the cycle, we have developed a number of microlectures in the form of voiced multimedia presentations for self-preparation of interns for classes, which were approved by the CMC of the Academy. At the end of each section, there is a considerable list of questions for self-control and a selection of test tasks on the topic. For self-preparation, we also offer clinical lectures texts copies of the department staff, published in professional scientific publications. Results and discussion. According to the results of an anonymous survey, 58.8% of respondents in the medical profile consider the "Emergencies" on-line cycle very significant for the preparation to a licensed exam, 35.3% - important, and only 5.1% - not paramount. Among interns-dentists, only 26.3% of the respondents recognized our classes as very important for passing “Krok-3”, and 47.4% - not very serious, and 26.3% did not at all perceive the expediency of this cycle. It can be explained by the fact that the thematic plan of classes of somatic pathology, which our department conducts for interns-dentists, is a very small share of the special dental program. Only 26.5% of medical interns and 21.1% of dentists recognized the stimulating effect of “Krok-3” for mastering knowledge of emergency care, 44.1% and 15.8% of respondents consider it quite important, respectively, and 32.4% of medical interns and 63.1% of dentists do not consider it appropriate at all, they say, the exam itself does not contribute to the improvement of medical qualifications. Conclusion. Conducted on-line cycle "Emergencies" was generally quite highly appreciated by subjects of training in many qualitative components. Interns of the dental profile showed significantly less interest in the performed cycle due to its limited somatic pathology. The problem of the unfair attitude of interns to the means of control at our department has been completely solved in full-time education, but in the case of distance education, it requires an urgent search for ways to overcome it. The transition to distance learning during an epidemic is a forced, but the only possible measure that will preserve the health and life of the subjects of learning. This type of training requires careful study, optimization and adaptation to modern conditions

Oсобливості та перспективи дистанційного навчання на кафедрі терапевтичної стоматології

The training of future doctors should be continuous and organized at a high level, because medicine is one of the priority spheres of society. With the introduction of quarantine in the context of a pandemic, the question of changing the format of classes has become especially acute, which is associated with the need to exclude massive concentrations of medical students. In our academy, in the first days of quarantine, communication was organized by groups in the Viber and Telegram messengers. In the following days, training was carried out on the use of the Zоm service platform for video conferencing, online meetings and distance learning, and trainings were organized. The department’s website contained the contact information of all teachers, the schedule of classes, the thematic plan of lectures and practical classes, a list of basic and additional literature for students of each course. In the materials for downloading, students had the opportunity to familiarize themselves with multimedia presentations of lectures, teaching aids developed by the staff of the department, methodological recommendations on all topics of practical exercises according to the thematic plan. It should be noted that new educational technologies contribute to the improvement of information competence, allow students to independently master the educational material, but training a doctor in practical skills requires the student’s traditional face-to-face contact with teachers and patients.

Applying network simulation tools in learning process

The article is devoted to the problem of professional training of university students in the field of computer networks in the absence of specialized laboratories. The solution to this problem is the use of computer networks simulation tools. The authors presented thematic plan for studying the discipline ≪Computer networks and the Internet≫. The article considers domestic and foreign experience of using computer networks simulation tools. Based on the eight criteria identified by the authors, the analysis was carried out of the most popular software in the academic environment for computer networks modeling: Cisco Packet Tracer, GNS3, NS-3, EVE-NG, OMNeT++. As a result of the analysis and comparison, it was concluded that the Cisco Packet Tracer software product is the most preferred modeling environment in the conditions of a pedagogical university. The example of using the Cisco Packet Tracer modeling system within the training course ≪Computer networks and the Internet≫ is given, demonstrating the solution of a practice-oriented problem. The example shows the possibility of simulating switching, server, user equipment in the Cisco Packet Tracer environment; the ability to work with wireless networks. The principles of setting up server hardware and related software are considered.

ИСТОРИЯ СОЗДАНИЯ И ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ИСТОРИКО-КРАЕВЕДЧЕСКОЙ ЭКСПОЗИЦИИ «ПО РЕКЕ ВРЕМЕНИ» В МУЗЕЕ Г. СЕВЕРСКА

The Exhibition Hall Museum of Seversk was opened on December 24, 1987 as an exhibition hall. In the first years of its existence, it hosted temporary exhibitions from abroad, central museums of the Soviet Union, as well as exhibitions of local artists and the Children’s Art School. In the early 1990s, the government ceased to financially support traveling exhibitions. The museum faced the problem of how to fill its space. The archaeological excavations conducted by the Tomsk State University and the Seversk Archaeological Inspectorate, which were well known to the Seversk Administration, suggested the idea of creating a Department of Archeology and Ethnography at the museum. This Department was created in 1993. PhD of History P.E. Bardina, E.A. Vasilyev and L.M. Pletneva, came to the Department from the Tomsk State University. From the very beginning, they made it their goal to open a local history exhibition in a few years. In order to create its own collection, the museum needed to undertake archaeological and ethnographic expeditions. It developed a clear plan to excavate already known monuments and, with significant financial support from the Seversk Administration (then known as the City Council of People’s Deputies), brought this plan to life. The museum actively collected ethnographic materials in the surrounding villages. After each year of work, it presented exhibitions. At the same time, the museum developed a Scientific Concept and a Thematic Exposition Plan. In 1997, both documents were approved by the Scientific and Methodological Council of the museum. The Thematic Exposition Plan consisted of three sections: archeology, history of the first Russian settlement on the site of the future city, and ethnography. The exposition as a whole covers the ancient history, the Middle Ages, modern and contemporary times. The archaeological section presents exhibits dating back to the Stone, Bronze, Early Iron, and Middle Ages. The historical section demonstrates documents from archives on the history of the Virgin MaryAlekseevsky Monastery, religious items, photographs of churches from the surrounding villages and priests, a copy of a fragment of the S.U. Remezov’s map. A model of a Russian log cabin with three walls, a front corner and a Russian stove is the central part of the ethnographic exposition. Agricultural and haymaking tools, tools for handicrafts, such as cooperage and blacksmithing, as well as for women's handicrafts, are presented on the outer wall of the log cabin. At a certain distance from the log cabin, there is a hunting hut with tools for hunting, fishing and pine nut harvesting. The exposition is continually updated and supplemented. A particularly large update took place in 2009. In subsequent years, considerable attention was paid to the introduction of innovative technological developments into the exposition. Using the exposition, the museum provides guided tours, classes for schoolchildren and senior kindergarten groups on the basis of museum research and educational programs.

«Sociology» and «History of Sociology» for «Social work»: to the conceptualization of sociological component education

The article proposes a review and substantiation of the conceptual foundations of the study of sociology within the framework of the Educational Programme «Social work» at the sociological faculty of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The relevance of such a statement of the problem is associated with a discussion of the definition of the purpose of this educational program and its features, which consist, in particular, in in-depth training in sociology. Based on the characteristics and features of the educational program, the article formulates the initial provisions that guide the conceptualization of its sociological component, in particular, the nature of the discipline, the main direction of the sociological component of training, its central concept and requirements for the structure. Thematic priorities in teaching courses in «Sociology» and «History of Sociology» within the framework of the Social Work educational program have been determined. The substantiation of the conceptual foundations and thematic structure of the course «History of Sociology» is presented. In particular, the main questions have been identified that the course should answer and, accordingly, the historical and sociological material was selected. Reorientation from methodological to ontological features of sociological theorizing is substantiated. A method of paradigmatic unification of sociological concepts for effective understanding by students of the essence of sociological thinking has been chosen. The main sections of the course are characterized and its thematic structure is presented. The thematic plan of the course «Sociology» as an element of the sociological component of the educational program «Social work» is proposed and its differences from the thematic structure of the sociology course for non-core audiences are argued. By referring to the psychological, pedagogical and didactic aspects, the author describes the introduction of an appropriate system of methods of teaching, learning, support and assessment of educational activities within the framework of the courses «Sociology» and «History of Sociology».

ИГРОВОЕ КИНО В ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ ВУЗЕ

The article substantiates the relevance of the historical and culturological analysis of feature films in practical classes of the university course «Culturology» for technical specialties. Theoretical substantiations of the use of cinematography as an audiovisual source in the study of culture, as well as methodological developments of teachers of Russian universities are given. The novelty of the methodology developed by the author is shown. The description of the organization of classes, including the criteria for the selection of films, is given. Examples of practical tasks are given to consolidate the theoretical material of the university course in cultural studies in the sections of the Thematic plan – «Morphology of culture», «Culture, society, personality», «Dynamics of culture», «Socio-cultural worlds», «Culture and peoples» and topics, including: historical and spatial typology of culture; value motivations and cultural conflict; functional sign; consumer society and conspicuous consumption, «man of the mass»; elite and mass, elite and popular culture; the level of mass art and the formula model; historical and typological features of Russian culture. Examples of expected responses and results obtained are provided. The results of the five-year experience of using feature films in practice in cultural studies at a technical university are summed up: the majority of students are most successful in analyzing films of the middle level of mass art (mid-culture). The practical tasks developed by the author enable students to get acquainted with the masterpieces of Russian cinema, to some extent penetrate into the essence of the culture they represent, and also test their understanding of cultural theory. The teacher evaluates the student's ability to apply culturological theory to solve practical problems according to the level of the assignment.

СЕМЕМА «УХО» В РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИИ СОМАТИЧЕСКОГО КОДА КУЛЬТУРЫ В ДАРГИНСКОЙ И АРАБСКОЙ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ КАРТИНАХ МИРА

The article presents the results of comparative study of ethnic peculiarities of the codification of the objective reality verbalized by the phraseological means with the somatism “ear” in the Dargin and Arabic languages. The actuality of the problem is that the comparative analysis of the somatic phraseology of the Dargin and Arabic languages with the component “ear“ in the system of anthropological linguistics has not been the focus of researchers’ attention. Phraseologisms with the sememe “ear” are the material for analysis in these two languages in the Dargin and Arabic languages chosen from the lexicographical manual books of the Dargin and Arabic languages. The subject for research is the mental nature represented in the phraseological space of somatism “ear” in the Dargin and Arabic languages. The research shows that in the thematic plan the interlanguage thesaurus of somatism “ear” reflects an overwhelming lacunarity categories of the Dargin language in the Arabic...

Формування інноваційних конкурентних переваг підприємств дорожнього господарства в умовах стратегічних змін

The article is devoted to the study of innovative competitive advantages of the road economy enterprises in the context of strategic changes. Based on the analysis of types of economic activity by the technological sectors, it is determined that the construction and reconstruction of roads is classified as a low-tech sector of the economy, which leads to a slow pace of development of innovativeness of competitive advantages of the road economy enterprises. At the same time, the analysis of the dynamics of budget funds to finance the construction, reconstruction and repair of roads of national importance demonstrates the potential for the formation of innovative competitive advantages. Under such conditions, the conception of open innovations becomes especially relevant. According to the results of the study, it is defined that the conception of open innovations in Ukraine can be implemented through the creation of information platforms along with provision of reference and information resources. As an instrumentarium for the implementation of the conception of open innovations in the road industry in Ukraine, it is proposed to consider the following: web portal «Innovations in the road industry»; database of information and analytical system on the projected and constructed analogue objects; thematic plan of research and development works of the State Agency of Automobile Roads of Ukraine and analysis of trends in the world innovative development of road construction. It is specified that for the development of competitive advantages of road economy enterprises in the context of strategic changes, it is necessary to constantly focus on improving construction processes, applying innovative technologies and innovative materials. This approach will allow road economy enterprises to make economically sound business decisions when choosing innovative technologies and materials for implementation.

Development of proposals to overcome discriminatory attitudes in representatives of various communities

The provision of psychological assistance to the population is the central mission of a psychologist. This question is especially topical when it comes to the behaviour of subjects determining negative psychoemotional and somatic consequences for both the individual and for entire social groups. One such manifestation is discriminatory behavior based on deeply formed discriminatory attitudes. This article is devoted to the development of practice-oriented proposals to overcome the discriminatory attitudes in representatives of various communities. This material is based on both fundamental developments demonstrating their effectiveness over a rather long period of time, and modern empirical data from the field of the psychology of discrimination, identified and developed by a team of authors of Chernyshevsky Saratov State University. The analysis conducted by the author allows stating that the greatest effect can be achieved by the practice of behavioural and cognitive orientation. Highlighting the features of working with discriminatory attitudes, the article spells out the principles, goals and objectives of psychologists. The stages and directions of activities aimed at overcoming discriminatory attitudes are identified. As an example, for each direction, methodological tools and specific exercises are indicated. In conclusion, a thematic plan of contact work aimed at overcoming discriminatory attitudes is given. It is concluded that the elimination of discriminatory attitudes is a long process, requiring along the way to work out a number of underlying problems associated with past experience of the subjects.

Problems of distance teaching of surgical discipline among ukrainian-speaking and english-speaking students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

To analyze the peculiarities of teaching the surgical discipline among Ukrainian-speaking and English-speaking students of medical faculties of the 5th year.Material and methods. The analysis involved 10 groups of medical faculties №1, №2 and №3. The total number of students who took part in the analysis was 125, of which 76 were Ukrainian-speaking (60.8%), English-speaking - 49 (39.2%).Results. As a result of the analysis, a better and faster adaptation of the student society to distance learning was revealed in comparison with teachers. Due to the fact that surgery is a clinical discipline and is practically oriented, it requires the use of a significant amount and volume of multimedia materials, as well as high-quality photo content. Considering that the Department of Surgery №2 conducts active treatment and diagnostic work, the availability of multimedia material, photographs of clinical cases in dynamics, as well as other thematic content, did not create difficulties for the transition to distance learning and allowed the department to quickly adapt to the difficult conditions of the educational process. At the same time, when demonstrating to students the video material with the teacher's comments, one could notice that some of the students (32%) did not follow the demonstration of the material.Conclusions. The undoubted advantage of distance learning is that the educational process can continue, despite any challenges of modern life. Teachers and students can interact in real time and solve problems of the thematic plan. However, there remains a significant drawback of this form of education - it is the impossibility of objectively assessing the level of knowledge and skills of the student in the conditions of the student's use of outside sources and prohibited ways to answer questions.

Conversaciones del Equipo en el Modelo Narrativo-Temático

El modelo narrativo - temático, sobre el que se articula el presente trabajo, es un intento de síntesis y desarrollo de otros dos modelos terapéuticos con los que comparte premisas: la terapia narrativa y la terapia dialógica. Algunos de los instrumentos que propone el modelo, ejemplificados a través de un caso clínico, ponen de relieve las principales diferencias con estas terapias: qué posición asume el terapeuta, cuál es el locus de intervención, a qué y quién responde la conversación terapéutica y qué objetivo tiene la terapia. Este modelo plantea una forma particular de uso del equipo que permita a los integrantes zafarse de cómo la historia que cuentan (las familias y los profesionales) condiciona sus respuestas. Teniendo en cuenta el flujo de conversaciones que preceden a la conversación terapéutica, el Plan Temático de la Sesión se plantea como una herramienta que permite al equipo situarse en la red y ayudar así a reposicionar a la familia apuntando a posibilidades y a futuro. La conversación terapéutica busca influir sobre las relaciones entre los miembros de la familia y los profesionales con los que se van a seguir relacionando. Para ello se tiene en cuenta qué personas y qué temas se activan en un momento determinado en el sistema, así como qué sesgo van tomando las conversaciones. La historia que interesa es la que se pueda construir a partir de lo que le ocurre a la familia mientras transcurre la terapia, lo que denominamos la historia por vivir.

Розробка методики навчання студентів створенню автоматизованих документів

In modern conditions, informatization permeate into all spheres of society. This also applies to the educational sphere. At the moment, many software products are involved in the educational process. Involve of software products helps to increase the clarity and aesthetics of students' paperwork. At the same time, the dominance of technical means increases the student load. It should also be noted that the speed of paperwork is often reduced. Students spend more time on the results with the help of technical means than on the work done by hand. This contradiction can be resolved by students acquiring skills in working with automated documents. This work is devoted to the development of methods for training students the principles of creating automated documents through the use of automatic elements: styles, objects, labels, links, automatic lists of various directions. The theoretic, practical and individual stages are fixed in the developed method. The thematic plan with covering all parties of automatic elements application at document creation is designed. The main tools used to create an automated document in most of the software products used are highlighted. Chief among these tools are: labels, links, programmable fields. To work with documents, you can use many software products, among which the most common are Microsoft Office, LaTeX, Libre Office. Today, given the current trend of distributing free licenses of software products for educational institutions and education seekers, the Microsoft Office suite remains the most popular among students. Taking this into account, the work provides examples of the implementation of tasks that correspond to the compiled thematic plan using the means of the Microsoft Office package. All examples are accompanied by pictures explaining the use of the selected automatic element. As a result of the work, a method for training students the principles of creating automated documents was formulated. Implementation of the designed training method allows to reduce the time spent on preparing an electronic document, improve the documents design quality and increase the flexibility of the received content for export, import and editing operations.

ОЦЕНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ ПРОЦЕССА ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ АВИАДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ГРАФОВ

The role of the aircraft engine design process effectiveness evaluating as an integral part of monitoring, measuring, and analyzing this process in the overall enterprise quality management system is considered. The general approach to the effectiveness evaluation and analysis is analyzed. It is noted that in the effectiveness evaluation, both integral indicators and calculations made for all the constituent elements of the process indicators should be determined. In order to identify the root causes of obtaining unsatisfactory performance indicators, each criterion is examined in detail, analyzing the results of each individual unit participation in the design process. For the analysis of quantitative indicators of the design process effectiveness, it is proposed to apply processes modeling and analysis using directed (oriented) and non-directional graphs. To carry out a structural analysis of the results, it is proposed to represent the graph in the form of a vertex adjacency matrix. Examples of the design processes effectiveness evaluating are considered according to the indicator “Number of design documents developed in a monitoring time (month)” and according to the indicator “Fulfillment of thematic plans items put under control, the deadlines for which have been postponed”. In the first example, in a directed graph, the group of output vertices consists of the design subdivisions involved in the design, and the group of input vertices consists of the projects that are being designed. The edges of the graph are the quantities of documentation developed by each unit for each project. In the second example, the connection of the output vertices of the graph, which are the design units, with the input vertex is carried out through the edges, on which the number of thematic plan points is set, the deadlines for which were postponed. The process of data mathematical processing recorded in vertex adjacency matrices is described. The proposed methodology application allows the analysis of the enterprise production activity results for each individual indicator of the analyzed process.

Ontological turns in contemporary political science: in search for compliance with politics

The article reveals the content of the main trends in the development of contemporary political science in connection with crisis phenomena affecting its thematic, methodological and theoretical problems, as well as its connection with real political practice. The logic of the search for new political thinking consists in a sequential transition from solving the problems of the crisis in the field of interdisciplinary methodological synthesis to considering the unity of political methodology and ontology, and then to ontologizing political studies expressed in two ontological turns. Interdisciplinary synthesis involves overcoming the boundaries between qualitative and quantitative research, as well as the natural and social sciences. The unity of political methodology and ontology was based on the recognition of the primacy of substantive political research. The first ontological turn concerned criticism of the post-political review of politics and attempts to substantiate political theory and philosophy as a fact of politics. In the thematic plan, attention was paid to disclosing the content of the political and substantiating the relationship between philosophy and politics. The second ontological turn led to the politicization of ontology and the ontologization of politics by criticizing metaphysics, rationalism, and human subjectivity. This turn is expressed in the new political realism, which includes actor-network theory and object-oriented ontology.

The experience of project training on classes for foreign language by students of nonlinguistic specialties

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reveal the essence of project education in the classroom in the foreign (English) language of students of nonlinguistic specialties of the university.Design/methodology/approachA sample of the study consisted of 20 first-year students of profile “Lawyer.” The study took place in three stages. The implementation of the training project was carried out based on the university in a group of students studying for the specialty “Lawyer.” At the organizational stage, primary diagnostics of the level of development of communicative competence through testing and communicative cases were carried out. In the second stage, the project was carried out for one semester under four topics by the thematic plan of the English language program. In the third stage, rediagnostics was carried out using testing and communicative cases following the completion of projects.FindingsBased on the results of repeated diagnostics, a positive dynamic was revealed in the level of development of communicative skills, the development of the independent communicative activity of students at both a productive and a creative level.Originality/valueThe research shows that the inclusion of project activities in the educational process of students of the university contributes to the formation and development of information skills. These skills quite effectively fit into the educational process, carried out in the form of a workshop. And the workshop is effective at all the stages of the project activities.

CURRENT REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORTS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF RADIOLOGY AT KHARKOV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

He most important trends in reforming national education systems in most developed countries are the internationalization of the education system and the integration of the educational space. Both Ukraine and Kharkov National Medical University joined this process. Therefore, at present, the task has arisen of creating unified educational programs for the training of masters in specialty 224 «Technologies for medical diagnostics and treatment» specializing in laboratory diagnostics.
 Such a curriculum was the silabus created by the Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine of KNMU, that is, information about the subject of study of a discipline, a description of interdisciplinary connections, goals and objectives of a discipline, competence (integral, general and special) and learning outcomes, a thematic plan, description independent work of students, the definition of knowledge control methods, a description of the assessment of the discipline, a list of educational literature or online sources for preparing students.
 Unlike the traditional curriculum, the force bus includes exactly three types of competencies, which allow the student to gain experience in successful contact with other students, teachers, in the future — with colleagues and work experience in a «team». In addition to special knowledge and skills, a student at the end of higher education becomes an educated member of a social society, can fulfill not only his professional or professional duty, but also has a certain civic position. In addition, the modern system of higher education involves continuing education throughout the professional life

СУТНІСТЬ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ПРИКЛАДНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИХ

Мета. Розкрити сутність професійно-прикладної фізичної підготовки майбутніх поліцейських тавизначити перспективні підходи щодо її удосконалення. Методи. В роботі використано аналіз наукових джерел і документальних матеріалів. Результати. Проаналізовано дослідження зарубіжних і вітчизняних науковців про види та шляхи покращення підготовки майбутніх поліцейських. Встановлено, що досягнення високого рівня професійної компетентності майбутніми працівниками Національної поліції, курсантам необхідно пройти різнопланову підготовку, а саме: службову, вогневу, фізичну та психологічну. Окрім цього майбутній поліцейський повинен здобути професійні вміння, навики та якості які готують його до майбутньої професії. При цьому пріоритет надається психофізичним якостям. Адже тривала дія стресогенних чинників, наявність реальної загрози для життя, висока ймовірність загибелі чи поранення висувають високі вимоги не тільки до рівня професійних знань, але й до фізичного протистояння порушникам правопорядк,у шляхом використання прийомів самозахисту та затримання злочинців. Курсантам закладів вищої освіти України під час їх навчання викладаються такі дисципліни як “фізична підготовка” та “спеціальна фізична підготовка”. Дані дисципліни реалізуються протягом всього періоду навчання. Навчальна програма по цим дисциплінам включає в себе такі розділи як: теоретична та методична підготовка, загальна фізична підготовка та тактика самозахисту й особиста безпека. Висновок. Для формування та удосконалення психофізичних властивостей у курсантів викладачі обирають найбільш ефективні та необхідні засоби, методи і форми навчання. При цьому, велика кількість навчального матеріалу залишається не засвоєною, через певні причини, а саме: низький вихідний рівень фізичної підготовленості курсантів (так званий “доступний” рівень). Фізична підготовленість у понад 40% абітурієнтів є низькою і з року в рік погіршується; відсутня належна мотивація покращення своїх фізичних можливостей; тематичний план не охоплює усіх проблемних питань з удосконаленняпсихофізичного стану, оволодіння прийомами боротьби та рукопашного бою; мала кількість навчальних годин, які виділяють на загальну та спеціальну фізичну підготовку. Отже виникає нагальна потреба розробки нових підходів щодо психофізичної підготовки майбутніх поліцейських.Ключові слова: професійно-прикладна фізична підготовка, психофізичні якості, майбутні поліцейські.

Креолизованные тексты Старого Тифлиса (на примере Пиросмани, Элибекяна, Айвазяна)

The article is devoted to the visual and speech genres of Old Tiflis, which are revealed in the visual and verbal texts of famous artists N. Pirosmani, V. Elibekyan and Armenian writer A. Ayvazyan. The carnival spirit of Old Tiflis influenced the visual and verbal signs of the gastronomic infrastructure. The article is written by a semiotic, typological method, as well as an interdiscursive approach (painting, fiction). In addition, Bakhtin’s theory has become a metalanguage for identifying speech genres of urban space. An empirical analysis of the material showed that Pirosmani's paintings were a vivid example of visual advertising and, in fact, were multichannel creolized texts. Only later, when the symbolic capital of Pirosmani increased, his paint- ings began to be perceived as glowing examples of primitivism. In other words, they were “connected” to global discourse, and their primary function was for- gotten. In the main function of the signage, the paintings were the products of demand of the gastronomic infrastructure of Old Tiflis: they depicted the frames “food”, “feast”, they were also visual menus of Tiflis gastropubs (dukhans). The utilitarian demand for signs generated the brilliant paintings of Pirosmani, and at the same time, he became the author of urban space. This phenomenon is also affected in the literary discourse (A. Ayvazyan), in which two methods of modeling urban space are manifested. Firstly, the city is mod- eled in consciousness, expressed at the level of the signified (maps, sketches), and then embodied in life. That is how many cities of historical Armenia were built in diachronic point of view. Secondly, the painter (Pirosmani, Grigor – the hero of the story of Ayvazyan) painted and created in the city space (interior, exterior). The motives of his work were his own inner experiences. The multilingualism of urban space created a demand for advertising signs in different languages. Since the “social bottom” did not possess the linguistic norm of the Russian language, in the eyes of native speakers the urban texts seemed ridiculous, perceived with humor. Similar texts are found in various artists of Old Tiflis (Pirosmani, Gudiashvili, Elibekyan ect.). The same thing appears in the art discourse (Ayvazyan), which gives examples of playing with names, with language (toasts of fun and burial), etc. In addition, an analysis of such a speech genre as toast revealed that it incorporates proverbs, sayings, and in the thematic plan, the following manifestations can be called: spell-wish, wish-curse, wish-criticism, etc. The presence of a similar speech genre and the revealing of the functioning of the toast showed that eating was comprehended by different wishes, and the thematic and syntagmatic analysis of toasts can become a tool for reconstructing the axiological system of Old Tiflis society (homeland, city, parents, children, sisters and brothers, uncles and aunts, etc.).

SIMULATION TRAINING OF STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF "GENERAL MEDICINE" IN PEDIATRICS

Simulation education is a relatively new, but rather promising direction, rapidly developing and modifying in the conditions of modern medicine. The authors present the experience of implementing simulation training in the educational process of students for mastering practical skills in pediatrics according to the thematic plan of the 4th year of the faculty of General Medicine in the conditions of the simulation Center. The results obtained reflect the positive aspects of simulation learning: student confidence in professional skills, reduction in medical errors, and student satisfaction.

К юбилею А.Т. Твардовского: ономастика ранней поэмы «Вступление» («Путь Василия Петрова»)

We consider the system of proper names in the early little-known poem by A.T. Tvardovsky “Exordium” (secondary title “The Journey of Vasily Petrov”), which was written by a young poet as preparation for the creation of the famous “The Land of Muravia”, which brought him all-Russian fame. It is proved that the text published in the journal “Nastupleniye” in 1932 is an authorial poetic text, revealing the difficulties of the first time of collectivization. It is shown how the great master of words worked on naming characters, expressing with the help of onomastic vocabulary his assessment of the characters and events. We reveal the nomination motives, which trace the role of onyms in the implementation of the ideological and thematic plan of the work. Using the analysis of onomastic units and their semantic environment, it is shown how A.T. Tvardovsky developed methods of researching proper names in his creative laboratory, which became a kind of master class for many representatives of the Smolensk Poetry School, highlighted by the famous Soviet critic A.V. Makedonov back in 1960. The principle of biography and chronotopy is substantiated, in the light of which all the work of the great poet developed further. Conclusions are made about the significance of the early poem in the context of further work with proper names. The material of this work deepens the study of the early poetic work of A.T. Tvardovsky, one of the great Russian poets of the 20th century.