Texture Mapping Technique Research Articles

Application of texture mapping algorithm in irregular surface art images

The texture mapping technique based on irregular surfaces is widely used in many fields such as film and television, industry and games, etc. In order to adapt to the rapid development in the field of computer graphics and further enhance the uniformity and effectiveness of the texture mapping effect, a triangular mesh simplified texture mapping technique based on the optimized spring-fingertip is proposed. Firstly, a complex two-dimensional graph is established through the spring-fingertip model, which is parameterized and normalized to reduce the deformation of the texture; subsequently, the concept of triangular mesh simplification is introduced to optimize the model timeliness, which replaces the traditional way of folding the edges; finally, the weight of each edge is further analyzed through local curvature calculation. In order to verify the effectiveness of the texture mapping method, simulation and analysis experiments are done, and the experimental results show that the accuracy of the model reaches 99.25%, which is an average improvement of 7.19% relative to the remaining four models. Therefore, the texture mapping model based on optimized triangular mesh effectively improves the realism of the mapping effect and reduces the computational burden of the model.

Research on Distributed Virtual Reality Technology Based on VIRTOOLS in the Context of Big Data

Abstract In this paper, virtual reality development software Virtools is used as the main tool for scene rendering in distributed virtual reality systems. The nearest distance-based control strategy is designed to achieve synchronous interaction between nodes by utilizing consistency control and prediction algorithms for nodes in the same cluster. Optimize the virtual scene by using texture mapping, detail level, and dynamic loading techniques. Propose a distributed parallel drawing method based on image plane segmentation to accelerate image drawing. The analysis and testing of the multiuser virtual reality roaming system in this paper is completed from four aspects: offline training model evaluation amount roaming test, lock performance test, and operation sequence error correction test. Among the analyzed data, the average lock time overhead is 123us, which has no obvious connection with the number of nodes, the number of locking times, and the execution of operations. According to each lock overhead of 123us, the number of concurrencies allowed per second is 8563, which fully meets the requirements of the system at this stage.

Texture-Mapping Error Removal Based on the BRIEF Operator in Image-Based Three-Dimensional Reconstruction

In image-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, texture-mapping techniques can give the model realistic textures. When the geometric surface in some regions is not reconstructed, such as for moving cars, powerlines, and telegraph poles, the textures in the corresponding image are textured to other regions, resulting in errors. To solve this problem, this letter proposes an image consistency detection method based on the Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features (BRIEF) descriptor. The method is composed of two parts. First, each triangle in the mesh and its neighboring triangles are sampled uniformly to obtain sampling points. Then, these sampled points are projected into the visible image of the triangle, and the corresponding sampled points and their RGB color values are obtained on the corresponding image. Based on the sampled points on these images, a BRIEF descriptor is calculated for each image corresponding to that triangle. In the second step, the Hamming distance between these BRIEF descriptors is calculated, outliers are removed according to the method, and noisy images are also removed. In addition, we propose adding semantic information to Markov energy optimization to reduce errors further. The two methods effectively reduced errors in texture mapping caused by objects not reconstructed, improving the texture quality of 3D models.

Development of a virtual editing method to support design for renovation targeting living environment for long-term care

With the increase in the population in need of care, the number of housing renovations for long-term care is increasing rapidly. In the renovation process, architectural drawings presented by designers are difficult to understand for clients without expertise, and thus the process of design proposal and modification is not streamlined. In this study, we propose a computer-aided design system for renovation of ordinary housings for in-house care, in which a designer virtually edits the shape and location of real objects in an existing house to show the design proposals graphically. The interior space is virtualized using spherical images based on an image-based modeling method, and the view-dependent texture mapping technique enables the virtual editing of real objects to visualize the living space after renovation. For the adaptive texture mapping method, images from appropriate viewpoints are selectively switched from the group of spherical images as view-dependent textures for the editable real object. This technique makes the design process for housing renovation intuitive and interactive. The use cases of the design support system is demonstrated through a renovation design process for a nursing care environment in a real Vietnamese house.

Per-pixel displacement mapping using cone tracing with correct silhouette

Per-pixel displacement mapping is a texture mapping technique that adds the microrelief effect to 3D surfaces without increasing the density of their corresponding meshes. This technique relies on ray tracing algorithms to find the intersection point between the viewing ray and the microrelief stored in a 2D texture called a depth map. This intersection makes it possible to deter-mine the corresponding pixel to produce an illusion of surface displacement instead of a real one. Cone tracing is one of the per-pixel displacement map-ping techniques for real-time rendering that relies on the encoding of the empty space around each pixel of the depth map. During the preprocessing stage, this space is encoded in the form of top-opened cones and then stored in a 2D texture, and during the rendering stage, it is used to converge more quickly to the intersection point. Cone tracing technique produces satisfactory results in the case of flat surfaces, but when it comes to curved surfaces, it does not support the silhouette at the edges of the 3D mesh, that is to say, the relief merges with the surface of the object, and in this case, it will not be rendered correctly. To overcome this limitation, we have presented two new cone tracing algorithms that allow taking into consideration the curvature of the 3D surface to determine the fragments belonging to the silhouette. These two algorithms are based on a quadratic approximation of the object geometry at each vertex of the 3D mesh. The main objective of this paper is to achieve a texture mapping with a realistic appearance and at a low cost so that the rendered objects will have real and complex details that are visible on their entire surface and without modifying their geometry. Based on the ray-tracing algorithm, our contribution can be useful for current graphics card generation, since the programmable units and the frameworks associated with the new graphics cards integrate today the technology of ray tracing

A High-Resolution Texture Mapping Technique for 3D Textured Model

We proposed a texture mapping technique that comprises mesh partitioning, mesh parameterization and packing, texture transferring, and texture correction and optimization for generating a high-quality texture map of a three-dimensional (3D) model for applications in e-commerce presentations. The main problems in texture mapping are that the texture resolution is generally worse than in the original images and considerable photo inconsistency exists at the transition of different image sources. To improve the texture resolution, we employed an oriented boundary box method for placing mesh islands on the parametric (UV) map. We also provided a texture size that can keep the texture resolution of the 3D textured model similar to that of the object images. To improve the photo inconsistency problem, we employed a method to detect and overcome the missing color that might exist on a texture map. We also proposed a blending process to minimize the transition error caused by different image sources. Thus, a high-quality 3D textured model can be obtained by applying this series of processes for presentations in e-commerce.

2.5-D Extended Field-of-View Ultrasound.

Recently, the growing emphasis on medical ultrasound (US) has led to a rapid development of US extended field-of-view (EFOV) techniques. US EFOV techniques can be classified into three categories: 2-D US EFOV, 3-D US, and 3-D US EFOV. In this paper, we propose a novel EFOV method called 2.5-D US EFOV that combines both the advantages of the 2-D US EFOV and the 3-D US by generating a panorama on a curved image plane guided by a curved scanning trajectory of the US probe. In 2.5-D US EFOV, the real-time position and orientation of the US image plane can be recorded via an electromagnetic spatial sensor attached to the probe. The scanning direction is not necessarily straight and can be curved according to the regions of interest (ROI). To form the curved panorama, an image cutting method is proposed. Finally, the curved panorama is rendered in a 3-D space using a surface rendering based on a texture mapping technique. This allows 3-D measurements of lines and angles. Phantom experiments demonstrated that 2.5-D US EFOV images could show anatomical structures of ROI accurately and rapidly. The overall average errors for the distance and angle measurements are -0.097 ± 0.128 cm (-1% ± 1.2%) and 1.50° ± 1.60° (1.9% ± 2%), respectively. A typical extended US image can be reconstructed from 321 B-scans images within 3 s. The satisfying quantitative result on the spinal tissues of a scoliosis subject demonstrates that our system has potential applications in the assessment of musculoskeletal issues.

Editable texture map generation and optimization technique for 3D visualization presentation

ABSTRACTThe mesh parameterization method has been widely used in computational geometry. It maps a three-dimensional (3D) model onto the parametric (UV) domain, on which various applications can be developed, such as texture mapping. The texture mapping technique is commonly used to create the 3D color model of an object by combining a 3D model with the object's texture map. However, the resolution and quality of the texture on the color model is important and requires careful consideration. The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated method for generating the 3D color model of an object based on the conformal mesh parameterization and a technique for direct texture mapping from the object images. Furthermore, an optimization process in texture mapping is developed to maintain the photo consistency at the transition of different images on the 3D color model. The proposed 3D color model is integrated with a 3D visualization method for a new easier and smoother presentation mode for 3D product pre...

Real-Time and High-Resolution 3D Face Measurement via a Smart Active Optical Sensor.

The 3D measuring range and accuracy in traditional active optical sensing, such as Fourier transform profilometry, are influenced by the zero frequency of the captured patterns. The phase-shifting technique is commonly applied to remove the zero component. However, this phase-shifting method must capture several fringe patterns with phase difference, thereby influencing the real-time performance. This study introduces a smart active optical sensor, in which a composite pattern is utilized. The composite pattern efficiently combines several phase-shifting fringes and carrier frequencies. The method can remove zero frequency by using only one pattern. Model face reconstruction and human face measurement were employed to study the validity and feasibility of this method. Results show no distinct decrease in the precision of the novel method unlike the traditional phase-shifting method. The texture mapping technique was utilized to reconstruct a nature-appearance 3D digital face.

Resolution Analysis of Grey Scale Image using Spherical Harmonics (SPH) Method

Objectives/Aim: To used spherical harmonics coefficients and spherical texture mapping techniques to increases or decreases the reconstructed image resolution from unit sphere. Methods: We used mat lab as a simulation tool to mapped the grey scale image which is a strings of zeros and ones and also called monochrome or black in white image to mapped a grey scale image to a unit sphere by spherical texture mapping. The spherical Texture mapping used a Spherical co-ordinate system for mapping of grey scale image to extract picture information to unit sphere, we also used mat lab for reconstruction of an image from unit sphere using spherical harmonics coefficients. Findings: We analyzed that by increasing the spherical harmonics coefficients the PSNR value increases and the MSE value decreases because more number of pixels of grey scale image mapped to unit sphere and the image resolution of grey scale improved, while decreasing the value of Spherical harmonics coefficient the PSNR value decreases and MSE value increases, so less numbers of pixels are mapped to unit sphere and the grey scale image resolution decreases. In past it can be used for computer graphics, magnetic field of star and planetary bodies, geoids and for gravitational fields. In this paper we used it for resolution analysis of grey scale image from a unit sphere. Application/Improvements: In future it can also be used for medical images to increase or decrease his resolution, and for color images which consist of three elementary colors red, green, and blue.

CONSISTENT MULTI-VIEW TEXTURING OF DETAILED 3D SURFACE MODELS

Abstract. Texture mapping techniques are used to achieve a high degree of realism for computer generated large-scale and detailed 3D surface models by extracting the texture information from photographic images and applying it to the object surfaces. Due to the fact that a single image cannot capture all parts of the scene, a number of images should be taken. However, texturing the object surfaces from several images can lead to lighting variations between the neighboring texture fragments. In this paper we describe the creation of a textured 3D scene from overlapping aerial images using a Markov Random Field energy minimization framework. We aim to maximize the quality of the generated texture mosaic, preserving the resolution from the original images, and at the same time to minimize the seam visibilities between adjacent fragments. As input data we use a triangulated mesh of the city center of Munich and multiple camera views of the scene from different directions.

Visual Simulation of Explosion Effects Based on Mathematical Model and Particle System

The paper firstly analyzed the factors related to the smoke diffusion and dissipation when explosion, and the mathematical model of smoke diffusion and dissipation are studied. Then the approach of particle system is used to management the movement of smoke particles. At last, the texture mapping techniques and billboard techniques are used to rendering the smoke. The results show that this method for visual simulation of exploding in virtual environment is efficiently and realistic.

Visual Simulation of Shells Exploding in Virtual Environment

The mathematical model of smoke diffusion and dissipation when shells exploding is studied, and the dynamic model based on particle system controlled by the mathematical model and texture mapping techniques is established. The visual simulation of the method is efficient and real-time.

The Modeling and Rendering of the Waves

The article analyzes the mathematical and physical models of the waves. Base on the oceanography existing statistical observations and spectrum function formula. This article puts forward the method of making waves modeling, and using mesh model and texture mapping techniques to achieve a photorealistic rendering of the waves. The methods have achieved good results in realistic and real-time.

Texture mapping subdivision surfaces with hard constraints

We propose a texture mapping technique that allows user to directly manipulate texture coordinates of subdivision surfaces through adding feature correspondences. After features, or constraints, are specified by user on the subdivision surface, the constraints are projected back to the control mesh and a polygon matching/embedding algorithm is performed to generate polygon regions that embed texture coordinates of control mesh into different regions. After this step, some Steiner points are added to the control mesh. The generated texture coordinates exactly satisfy the input constraints but with high distortions. Then a constrained smoothing algorithm is performed to minimize distortions of the subdivision surface via updating texture coordinates of the control mesh. Finally, an Iterative Closest Point (ICP)-based deformation algorithm is performed to remove subdivision errors caused by the added Steiner points.

A GPU Based Texture Mapping Technique for 3D Models Using Multi-View Images

A GPU Based Texture Mapping Technique for 3D Models Using Multi-View Images

Three-dimensional visual analysis for construction layout of reservoir project

It is difficult to analyze the inter-relationship for the construction layout of a reservoir project scientifically and intuitively. According to the characteristics of broad field and huge information, the modeling methods of digital terrain and solid model as well as the techniques of texture mapping and scene navigation are adopted. The simulation system is developed by C program language, which includes the functions of the interactive navigation of 3D scene, the visual inquiry of project digital model information, the storage and management of project information. A certain reservoir is taken as a case. The 3D visual analysis for the construction layout and engineering information are obtained. The proposed system is of great advantages in dealing with large amount of information and the method provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the construction layout of a reservoir project.

“デジタルエキストラ”を用いた映像制作手法

This paper describes a method of producing scenes for TV program, using “dynamic 3D models”. Dynamic 3D models are 3D models generated from images shot by multiple cameras surrounding an actor for each frame using 3D-reconstruction and texture-mapping techniques. They can provide highly realistic images as well as natural motion without using a motion-capture system. In addition, they allow flexible production, so the positions of the models can be changed and the models can be duplicated. Dynamic 3D models are therefore suitable for producing crowd scenes with numerous people. Although techniques of 3D reconstruction and texture mapping have been discussed and several applications have been proposed, they have not been widely used into TV or movie production because of the size of data and insufficient textural quality. By establishing an efficient production flow with recent powerful processors, we succeeded in producing scenes with sufficient quality for a TV program, which was aired in December, 2009. The scenes involving one thousand soldiers could be produced by shooting several sequences with only two actors. We describe the production flow that we established and present some scenes that we produced using dynamic 3D models for the drama.

Simulation of Realistic Water on 3D Game Scene

Realistic water simulation has been one of the classic challenges of real-time computer graphics, especially in 3D games and animations. The paper proposed an improved water simulation method based on sine function. Using GPU programming, realized real-time water rendering on 3D game scene. At the same time, by using cube map, rendering to a texture, projective texturing and normal mapping techniques, etc, the paper implemented the reflection and refraction, and put forward a simple method to enhance waves and ripples effect. Experimental results demonstrate this simulation method is realistic, rapid and applicable in real-time 3D games.

Plum Tree Visualization Based on SpeedTree

Plum Blossom as the Chinese traditional flowers may be unique all over the world and has the first right of access to international registry of flower. In this paper, the SpeedTree softwareSDK is used to create a large plum tree forest with the graphics texture mapping technique, and the plum tree image maps express the geometric model of the surface material, which constitutes a visual image of the graphic objects. It is significant for non-destructive study of plum and virtual garden.