Territory Of Region Research Articles

РОЖДАЕМОСТЬ НА ДАЛЬНЕМ ВОСТОКЕ РОССИИ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ, ПРИЧИНЫ, ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ

Significance. Given the current trends in demographic development, the existing disproportion between the population and the vast territory of the Far Eastern Federal District may significantly increase in the future, which will intensify certain concerns about a possible violation of the geopolitical balance out here. Fertility indicators have revealed the main demographic risk zones of the regions of the eastern territories. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in birth rates in the Russian Far East, gender composition and age structure of the population to identify risk zones when taking effective measures to improve the situation. Material and methods. The analysis used World Health Organization data, databases and collections of Rosstat and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation by federal district and region of Russia, information on the implementation of the National Demography Project. Results. Determining trends in dynamics in birth rates in the Russian Far East shows that in urban areas of the Far Eastern regions, the type of demographic behavior inherent in the newcomer population and focused on having one child prevails, while in rural areas the traditions of the indigenous population are preserved. Until 2015, relatively high birth rates were recorded in “national” regions with the predominance of populations belonging to the indigenous people of the North and the Far East, in whose culture large families are accepted. The mother’s average age is increasing, there was a shift in the age of first-time mothers (20-24 years) to an older age group (25-29 years and 30-34 years). A decline in fertility in the near future will be due to a significant reduction in the number of women of reproductive age, especially in its active phase (20–39 years). A new model of marital and, as a result, reproductive behavior of young families is being formed. From the point of view of marital behavior, it implies an increase in the age at first marriage, refusal of marriage, popularity of informal marriage, etc. From the point of view of reproductive behavior, it involves postponing births in marriage until material standards are achieved, as well as in the interests of increasing one’s social status. Conclusion. One of the promising areas for improving the demographic situation is the adoption of effective social measures and programs to increase birth rates in young families. Only a rising dynamics in birth rates can give a real and sustainable impetus to stabilizing fertility for the national security of the eastern territories.

Чинники впливу на соціально-економічний розвиток регіонів (територій) України в умовах загроз і подолання наслідків військової агресії

The European choice of Ukraine’s development has a direct impact on the formation of its regional policy, which is based on the implementation of democratic principles, positive experience of the EU countries, mutual convergence of legislative provisions, contributes to the rapid adaptation of the country’s regions to European rules in integration into the European Union. Understanding the impact of internal and external factors on the socioeconomic development of regions (territories, communities, cities, etc.) directly affects the efficiency of the entire public administration system at all levels, the organization and interaction of territorial authorities, the business environment, the public in order to create a safe living space, the ability to fulfill the assigned powers and responsibilities, to ensure a high level of quality of life for citizens, sustainable development of the country and its territory, etc. It is relevant in modern conditions to search for efficient theoretical and methodological approaches and recommendations for the analysis, identification and generalization of various factors influencing regional development for the purpose of their further use in the system of public administration at various levels, in particular in the context of overcoming the consequences of military aggression in the post-war period in Ukraine. The objectives of the article are aimed at analyzing the internal and external factors influencing the socioeconomic development of the regions of Ukraine; generalization and grouping of such factors, taking into account their importance, direct positive and negative impact on the functioning of any territory, ensuring a safe living environment, etc. The used example of the Kharkiv region, which, due to its border location with the russian federation, constantly remains in the zone of negative influence from the proximity to the territory of hostilities and their consequences, proves the relevance of the study of the influence of external and internal factors on socioeconomic regional development from the standpoint of taking into account individual territorial characteristics, which makes it expedient to use the results obtained in the process of further developments of scientific and practical materials on the reconstruction of the country and its regions.

Дефицит кадрового обеспечения сельскохозяйственной сферы юга России 1920-1930 гг

The article is devoted to the analysis of the need for staffing of agricultural workers that developed during the period of collectivization in the south of Russia. The territorial framework of the problem under consideration covers the macro-region of the North Caucasus Region within the Rostov Region and Krasnodar Territory. Analysis of documentation and statistical data revealed a number of specialties that collective farms were particularly in need of. The following qualified personnel were required: agricultural technicians, machine operators and tractor drivers, accountants and accountants, as well as farm managers. At the same time, the training and education of these specialists had to take place under the strict supervision of the party. Training and retraining of personnel required not only professional qualities, but also political literacy. The authorities decided to eliminate the shortage of personnel in two ways. In the article, the author analyzes these ways and through the analysis and introduction into circulation of new archival and statistical materials identifies the most successful. In the course of the study, methods of analysis, comparison and chronology were applied. The author states that by the end of collectivization, literally in 4 years, the problem of labor shortage was not as acute as before. The most effective way to solve the problem of shortage of qualified personnel was the way of training and retraining of agricultural workers. The sources of the article were previously unpublished materials of the State Archive of the Rostov Region and the Centers of Documentation of the Modern History of the Rostov Region and the Krasnodar Territory.

Using animal productivity in programming regional agricultural development

The article discusses the issue of optimizing the process of programming the development of agriculture in terms of livestock breeding based on the potential productivity in dairy cattle breeding. As is known, a significant part of the milk obtained from cows is formed due to the genetic characteristics of the animals. Therefore, the fastest result in increasing productivity can be achieved through the intensification of targeted breeding work. This is precisely what the state needs to focus on when leaving programs for the development of the agro-industrial complex. Increasing the genetic potential of a region (territory) and its use should be the basis for drawing up targeted programs. The purpose of the study is to formulate the concept of the genetic potential of the region and determine the possibility of increasing it through commodity lending. Among the instruments of state support for agriculture, the use of commodity lending in livestock farming will make it possible to quickly disseminate favorable breeding achievements throughout the region. For example, in the Samara region, out of 98.8 thousand heads 29.6 thousand cows belong to the population with low genetic potential (29.9%). According to calculations, with minimal financial investments it is possible to completely replace an unproductive herd in the region.

Районирование территории Алтайского края по степени проявления климатических рисков

Climate change is recognized as one of the global challenges to sustainable development of society. The efforts of the international scientific community, political structures, and society are aimed at solving the problems of adapting to these changes. The Russian Federation has developed strategic documents that define the main directions of action to prevent the negative consequences of climate change in various sectors of the economy and adaptation measures to them. Such documents at the regional level include "Climate Safety Passports", which are the information and analytical basis for determining specific measures. This article presents selected results of studies carried out in the Altai Region Territory in 2023. The object of study is the Altai Region Territory, located at the junction of the West Siberian Plain and the mountains of Southern Siberia. The purpose of the study is to develop a zoning scheme for the Altai Region Territory according to the degree of manifestation of climate risks based on an assessment of long-term climate changes in the region. Retrospective analysis methods of changes in the thermal regime and annual precipitation for the period 1961–2020 and forecasting these changes over a 30-year interval (until 2050) have been used to achieve this goal. Regionalization is based on the methodology of physical-geographical zoning. Based on the results of the study, six natural and climatic regions with different levels of regional consequences were identified on the territory of the Altai Region Territory. A very tense situation has developed in the South Aleisky steppe and Upper Ob forest-steppe regions having high concentration of population and objects of economic activity in conditions of high thermodynamic and hydrological risks. An increased degree of danger of thermodynamic risks is typical for the Kulunda steppe region. The remaining areas are characterized by a moderately dangerous level of climate risks, mainly due to the presence of a "mountain component" on their territory. For each source of risk, the sectors of the economy were determined witch are most exposed to these risks. The main directions of adaptation to these risks are found.

Минерагения четвертичных отложений территории Витебской области

The mineragenic zoning of Quaternary deposits of the Vitebsk region territory is under consideration based of a generalization of various geological information using cartographic modeling. Mineragenic areas and regions are identified. Their mineragenic potential has been assessed.

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF THE NORTH-WESTERN BLACK SEA WETLANDS

A significant part of wetlands of international importance in Ukraine is located on the North-Western Black Sea region territory. Wetlands are integral components of a natural reserve fund and ecological network; they perform very important functions in maintaining biological and landscape-biological diversity, as well as stabilizing climatic conditions. Ecosystem services of wetlands are of great importance, but their quality is subject to the negative influence of natural spontaneous processes and various forms of anthropogenic activity. An assessment of wetlands ecosystem services is necessary to understand how important is their role for the normal life of the population, as well as for the conservation of biological diversity and the maintenance of balanced natural processes. Therefore, the problems of rational use, conservation and restoration of the North-Western Black Sea region wetlands, as well as their ecosystem services assessment are important in environmental and socio-economic aspects.

The establishment of a regional network of specially protected natural areas (SPNAS) as a factor in preserving biodiversity in industrially developed regions

The Kemerovo Region, also known as Kuzbass, is one of the most industrially developed regions in Russia. It is home to the Kuznetsk Coal Basin, one of the largest coal deposits in both Russia and the world. The intensive development of the mining industry, the formation of open-pit coal mines, waste dumps, and the increasing areas of disturbed land have raised significant concerns about the preservation of the region’s biodiversity. Efforts to conserve biodiversity are being made through the creation of a regional system of specially protected natural areas, which includes 19 state nature reserves, 5 natural monuments, and 4 locally protected natural areas. The total area of regional and municipal specially protected natural territories in Kuzbass is 698,279 hectares, constituting 9.9% of the total regional territory.

Do Household Attributes Motivate Outmigration in Rural Areas? Evidence from Bodoland Territorial Region in the State of Assam, India

This paper investigates how the attributes of a household such as socioeconomic, demographic and institutional access shape outmigration decisions of family members in a rural economic setting. We used primary data from householdlevel interviews (𝑛 = 400) conducted at two community development blocks in each of four districts of Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR), an autonomous council situated in Assam in India’s northeast region. A total of 24 villages were randomly chosen by employing a two-stage cluster sampling technique for household-level interviews. We estimated an econometric model to understand the effects of socioeconomic and demographic variables on the migration responses of the family members. A logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratios of independent variables. The odds ratio of an independent variable explains its effect on outmigration decision of a household. Findings reveal that a family member with a higher level of educational attainment positively affects outmigration decision within the family. Findings also reveal that there is statistically significant negative relationship between outmigration and landholding which implies that family members of poor households possess higher propensity of migration to destinations compared to family members of land-rich households. Apart from landholding, other economic characteristics of a household also trigger its outmigration decision. Overall, this paper provides contemporary ground-level insights into the status of households and labour migration in BTR.

A revision of Silurian corals (Anthozoa: Heliolitoidea) from the collection of the National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv)

The collection of Silurian heliolitoid corals revised in this study has been assembled by the first author (V.G.) for four decades. The material was collected predominantly from Silurian outcrops and borehole cores in the Middle Dnister area. Some of the specimens were found in Belarus and Moldova during field works and field trips. The scientific works were part of the projects elaborated by a collective of scientists from the Institute of Geological Sciences, NAS of Ukraine and Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The working group consisted of geologists who graduated from the university in 1965 to 1970. Professors M. M. Klushnikov and O. L. Einor were our advisors. P. D. Tsegelnjuk was the oldest and the leader of the group. The collecting of specimens started in 1966 and now is ready to summarise the results. In the last fifty years, a large collection of fossil cnidarians from Silurian deposits has been assembled in the course of long-term geological field expeditions organised to study outcrops, cores of boreholes, and collect fossils. More than fifty outcrops and one hundred boreholes were studied in the territory of the Podillian region and the west slope of the Ukrainian Shield from Volyn to Snake Island. The collection comprises nearly ten thousand samples and 6000 thin sections of cnidarians. The total number of the studied samples belonging to Heliolitoidea is 139, of which 19 came from 9 outcrops and 120 from cores of 37 boreholes. The described samples represent 3 orders, 1 superfamily, 8 families, 2 subfamilies, 16 genera, 20 species (9 new), and 1 new subspecies. The authors consider that all the remains belong to fossil cnidarians. Fossil cnidarians are especially important from a facial point of view. The remains primarily indicate normal sea conditions in warm subtropical and tropical zones. In some cases, the identification of fossil cnidarians is easy, but usually we need to use the oriented thin sections. In the paper, only a small part of the collection is described following the system of Heliolitoidea developed by Olga Bondarenko. A studied collection is deposited in the Geological Department of the National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine under the number GD-1986.

Representativeness of biota of the western part of Ukraine in the Data Centre ‘Biodversity of Ukraine’

This paper summarises the inventory of biota of the western region of Ukraine in the web resource Data Centre ‘Biodiversity of Ukraine’ (DCBU) (http://dc.smnh.org), a growing biodiversity platform launched on 25 May 2017 and which organises knowledge on the biodiversity of Ukraine. The main objective and originality of DCBU is to aggregate curated biodiversity data of different kinds (e.g. scientific and vernacular names, data records of species, their geotagged geographical and biotopic distribution, conservation categories, and representation in protected areas of Ukraine). The database of the resource is primarily filled with data concerning 7 oblasts (Volyn, Rivne, Lviv, Ternopil, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, and Zakarpattia oblasts) of the western region of Ukraine, which is discussed in this article. Currently, the following number of species of living organisms has been recorded for the mentioned oblasts of the region: Volyn Oblast—1311 species/80 protected species listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, Rivne Oblast—535/47, Lviv Oblast—3163/211, Ternopil Oblast—1081/164, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast—1942/157, Chernivtsi Oblast—672/87, and Zakarpatska Oblast—2125/149. Taxonomic accounts in the DCBU cover 5 kingdoms (Chromista, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia), 22 phyla, 81 classes, 283 orders, 1292 families, 4741 genera, and 11 763 species. DCBU enables the following operations to be accomplished: to create species lists of different taxonomic rank of separate territorial regions and water bodies of the country and also of different time intervals, to create lists of protected and endemic species and of those that are deposited in collections of scientific institutions; to find a particular specimen according to the inventory number, to create species lists according to the type of recording/collecting, collected or determined by certain specialists, to search for literature sources concerning the Ukrainian biota, and to advanced search for all mentioned parameters as well. The accumulation of information on biodiversity, the possibility of its searching and the free access would promote the development and speed-up of scientific research, the effective control of the ecological state of the environment by the public, and sustainable development.

Prospects for the Construction of Techno-Cities in Siberia

The article discusses the prospects for industrial development in the Siberian region and the Irkutsk region, in particular, and assesses the need to build new cities for the development of such industry. The research is based on a brief analysis of the development of the industrial sector in this region, as well as a more complete analysis of the idea of creating new techno-cities and clusters in Siberia. Relevance. The trend of economic growth allows us to emphasize the importance of ensuring the sustainable development of industry in the Russian Federation. Stable existence in such conditions is ensured by the mechanism of sustainable modernization. He is able to direct the activities of the organization taking into account all the features of the economic and financial system, as well as to ensure a long-term crisis-free existence. The novelty of the study. The creation of techno-cities and the full industrialization of this region occupies a small share in modern research. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the sustainable development of industry in the Irkutsk region by the example of the implementation of the idea of creating techno-cities in Siberia. Materials and methods of research. The methodological basis of this research is: methods of deduction and induction, methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis. Results and conclusions. The conducted research shows that the creation of new industrial clusters and techno-cities on the territory of the Siberian region is a difficult task and has a huge number of nuances.

ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ЗМІН ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНО ПРОСТОРОВОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ

The parameters and structure of the territorial organization of Ukraine are undergoing changes caused by the war. New prerequisites for the territorial and spatial organization of the regions of Ukraine are being formed. The research aims to develop a methodological approach to the systematization of the type of region. The formation of regions is determined by a complex of physical - geographical, socio-economic, military - political, cultural and religious features and characteristics. There are well-known examples of a sharp and radical breakdown of the military-political situation and the slow civilizational and evolutionary formation of new regional entities. At this stage, the tasks of urban planning analysis of trends and tendencies of changes in the regional structure appear. The prerequisites for changes in the territorial spatial organization of the war-torn regions of Ukraine are analyzed.
 The main parameters of the formation of the region are determined in the process of systematization of typological features. The main factors and regularities of regional development, trends in changing the form and function of the object of study, the forecast of changes in the structure of the region are carried out using systemic analysis. An analysis of the main features/imperatives forming the "basis" of regionalism has been carried out. The features and properties of the territorial system of the corresponding typology are determined by the function, autonomy of the territorial system construction, and the stability of the system.
 It was determined that the extra-regional influence that forms the new region provides the task of state security, compliance with the function of the border, and the function of military-political limitation. The program strategy of its development should provide methodological prerequisites for the implementation of the main functions and tasks.
 The generalized systematization of the type of regions in modern conditions provides grounds for defining a region covering the territories of several regions, the borders of which determine the limits of a special regime. The defined border is the state border of Ukraine, the depth of the region is determined by the size of the special regime zone, the influence of the security factors of the demarcation line. Contours of the border region are determined at the level of decisions of central authorities.

RECREATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL AND HISTORICALCULTURAL MONUMENTS OF THE ARAGATSOTN REGION

Tourism is one of the most dynamically developing sectors of the Armenian economy and has been declared a priority sector of the economy. In this regard, the Aragatsotn region stands out. The region has all conditions for the development of tourism. The tourism potential of the region is represented by the rich, picturesque, and healthy nature of Aragatsotn, forests, mountains, historical and cultural values, natural monuments, healing springs and infrastructure. The purpose of the study was to identify natural and historical and cultural monuments for tourism on the territory of the Aragatsotn region, which can become the basis for the development of the tourist complex of the region. An important task was also to assess the saturation of cultural and historical monuments of various subdistricts of the Shirak region, which will show the directions that have the greatest tourist opportunities of the region. There are many monuments preserved on the territory of the Aragatsotn region: fortresses, graves, settlements, cemeteries, churches, residential buildings, outbuildings, etc., the study, classification, and protection of which makes it possible to use them both in the scientific and educational sphere, and 46 in the tourist sphere. One of our goals was also the classification of historical and cultural monuments of the region, which will facilitate their assessment as a tourist destination.

Analysis of the geodetic support of the territory of the Dnistrovsky district of the Chernivtsi region

Current analysis of geodetic security of the territory of the Dniester region of the Chernivets region. It is stated that until 1940 Bukovina was located near the warehouse of Romania, therefore all geodetic surveys that were located on its territory at that time were according to the normative documents of this region. After the establishment of the Chernivets region, the establishment of geodetic surveys began on its territory, first under the Regulations of 1939, and then under the Regulations of 1954–61. The current DGM was prompted by the Regulations of 1998, which in 2013 were replaced by the Procedure for the State Geodetic Survey. The number of DGM points (by class) that falls on the territory of the region is covered, as well as the average density of points per 1 km 2 . An assessment has been made of the feasibility of creating maps and plans for the territory of the Dniester region. A note has been issued about the need to thicken the DHM on the territory of the region. As we have already noted, before the formation of Chernivtsi region, it was part of Romania. During this period, the 1st class triangulation was built in 1927–1962 by the Military Geographical Institute of Romania. After the liberation of the Chernivtsi region, the state geodetic network on its territory and on the territory of the present Dniester district, in particular, was built in accordance with the Regulations of 1939, this is triangulation of II, III and IV classes in the Chernivtsi–Mogilev-Podilskyi–Rybnytsia area, laid in 1945. by units of the VTS, triangulation of classes II, III and IV in the Botoshany area, laid in 1944 by units of the VTS, triangulation of II, III and IV classes in the area of Northern Bukovyna, laid in 1941 by units of the VTS. In 1954–61, new «Regulations on the construction of the state geodetic network of the USSR» were adopted. According to these Regulations, based on the existing network at that time, a new DGM was built on the territory of the present Dniester district. The following works were performed: – 2nd and 3rd class triangulation, 3rd and 4th class optical and radio ranging polygonometry in the Chernivtsi - Yedintsi area , laid out in 1965 by parts of the VTS; – 2nd, 3rd, 4th class triangulation, 3rd and 4th class light ranging and radio ranging polygonometry in the Khmelnytskyi – Vinnytsia – Kamianets-Podilskyi area , laid out in 1961 by the Parts of the VTS. In 1998, the «Basic provisions for the creation of the State Geodetic Network of Ukraine» were adopted, which in 2013 were replaced by a new normative document «The Procedure for the Construction of the State Geodetic Network». According to these two normative documents, a modern DSM was created and modernized on the territory of the Dnistrovsky district. Today, the total number of DGM points located on the territory of the Dnistrovskyi district is a total of 69 units of the corresponding class, of which: – 1st class – 7 points; – 2nd class – 13 points; – 3rd grade – 29 points. There are 20 units of 4th class points, which currently belong to digit geodetic networks. Keywords: national geodetic measure, geodetic security, geodetic measure, geodetic measure of density, astronomical-geodetic measure, average thickness of points, topographic map and plan.

Earliest burial complexes of the Kubey cemetery

The article presents materials of the Kubey kurgan cemetery in the North-West Black Sea region which is dated to the late Eneolithic. The most ancient graves of the cemetery stratigraphically and chronologically can be divided in three successive horizons. According to kurgan architecture, burial rite and inventory primary burials can be attributed to the Cernavoda I culture of the late Eneolithic. Secondary graves in the kurgans can be assigned to the Zhivotilovka type and to the group of graves with extended skeletons. The most ancient graves of the Kubey cemetery obviously support an idea that the territory of the North-West Black Sea region can be included in the area of the Cernavoda I culture.

Развитие теоретических представлений о бедности в китайской социологии

The study of the problem of poverty in China is of sociological significance in the broad context of social changes accompanying the era of reforms. Despite the obvious successes in overcoming total poverty, this phenomenon still persists in the regional territories of the country, which has many reasons and determines the relevance of their consideration by representatives of sociological science. The article offers an analysis of the main theoretical concepts of poverty that exist in the Chinese research environment. At the same time, their evolution is represented: from the resource perception of the causes of poverty to the systematic understanding of the acting factors and their study in aggregate. The author positions the commitment to a comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic conditions of disadvantaged regions in order to eliminate the negative causal factors of the development of their financial problems and reduce the pace of movement of Chinese society towards universal well-being.

Анализ молниевой активности в Мурманской области в 2022 г.

The article analyses lightning activity in 2022 on the Murmansk region territory according to the data of the non-commercial lightning detection network — Blitzortung. Data on the duration of the thunderstorm season, the number of thunderstorm days, the number of lightning discharges and their distribution over the territory are given. The statistics of emergency failures of overhead power lines caused by lightning strikes in the power grids of the Kola power system are investigated. An example of an analysis of the intensity of lightning activity along the overhead line route is presented.

Rural architecture of e left bank of Saratov Volga region (interchange of different cultures) (Saratov)

The article examines the historical rural architecture on the territory of the modern Saratov region using the example of a peasant estate. Two neighboring groups of settlers are identified, who made up the main population of the left bank in the e 18th and early 20th centuries. Similarities and differences are indicated for the structure of peasant house. The principles of formation and places of distribution of various decorative finishing techniques are identified.Purpose: The aim of this work is to identify ways and means of forming traditional architecture on the left bank of the Saratov Volga region.Design/methodology/approach: Field research, the analysis of works of historians and local historians, critical analysis of archive a documents and literature review.Practical implications: Identification of exclusivity of the historically developed architecture of villages. Information obtained identifies the architecture of the Saratov Volga region among the diversity of architecture of the Lower Volga regions in architectural and ethnographic aspects.Value: The study of the regional architecture formation. The study of works of historians and local historians.

Калмыки-спецпереселенцы в Аральском районе Казахстана в документах и воспоминаниях очевидцев

Introduction. The article is devoted to the history of the Kalmyks who were in exile (1943–1957) on the territory of the Aral region in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to highlight individual materials from documents about Kalmyk special settlers and to introduce into scientific circulation the information about oral stories of deported Kalmyks who were exiled to the Aral region of Kyzylordinskaya oblast of the Kazakh SSR. Results. The deportation of a part of the Kalmyk people to the Aral region of Kyzylordinskaya oblast of the Kazakh SSR was initially not planned. However, the decision to evict the Kalmyks to this region was made immediately after the adoption of the documents on the deportation of the Kalmyk people, and on January 2, 1944, the district committee of the CPSU (b) and the district council were already considering the resettlement of Kalmyks sent to the Aral region. The destination of the SK-406 train was the Aral Sea railway station. The deportation of part of the Kalmyks, residents of the sea-side Lagan ulus, to the Aral region was due to the aim of the authorities to use the deportees in the fishing industry, which suffered significant damage during the period of hostilities in the European part of the territory of the USSR and thus which faced huge tasks to ensure the front and rear. The deported to the Aral region Kalmyks experienced the same restrictions in rights and deprivation as those Kalmyks who found themselves in the regions of Siberia. At the same time, the relatively compact settlement of the large group and the milder climate, compared to the Siberian one, were favorable factors. The Kalmyks left a mark in the memory of the local population of the Aral region of Kazakhstan. The chief doctors of the hospitals E. N. Lidzhiev, previously the People's Commissar of Health of the Kalmyk ASSR, and V. B. Mukharaev, who also became famous for his participation in the film “Daughter of the Steppes” (1954), gained special fame among the population here. The respect for Kalmyks is also manifested in the memory of famous figures who showed themselves after returning to their homeland, but who spent their youth in the Aral region: the memory of them is alive among the Kazakh population.