Formation Of Territories Research Articles

INFLUENCE OF HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES ON PLANNING CHANGES IN PRODUCTION AREAS

The article provides a historical chronology of the development of technologies on the basis of which industrial enterprises were formed. Each revolutionary discovery that affected the technological process made changes in the reorganization of industrial activity and, accordingly, in the formation of the functional and planning organization of production areas. Technological structures in different historical periods are analyzed and the historical development of certain types of activities is depicted, which helps to understand the formation of industry and production territories over a long period of time. Due to constant various fluctuations that affect industrial activity, there is a need to look for approaches to its reorganization and reconstruction in order to create greater flexibility and adaptability to such changes. Thus, consideration of flexibility and adaptability may allow for easier reorganization and reconstruction when industrial capacity increases and decreases, technologies or activities change. Accordingly, flexibility indicators should take into account various models of functional and planning organization. The conducted analysis shows that the influence of historical events on the formation of industrial activity is quite strong, which is ultimately reflected in the functional and planning organization of production areas. This article examines changes in industrial activity in the historical period of the 17th - 21st centuries. thereby drawing attention to periodic changes that require reconstruction and reorganization of production areas. It should also be noted that each level of industrial activity with the appropriate capacity can be implemented as a full-fledged, balanced planning model based on the calculation of the number of employees in an urban or rural settlement. The main recommendations provided in this article are the consideration of historical experience over several centuries to understand possible chronological changes in the future. Thus, the reorganization and reconstruction of production areas can take into account prospective needs for increasing or decreasing industrial capacity.

Deep-water first occurrences of Ediacara biota prior to the Shuram carbon isotope excursion in the Wernecke Mountains, Yukon, Canada.

Ediacara-type macrofossils appear as early as ~575 Ma in deep-water facies of the Drook Formation of the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland, and the Nadaleen Formation of Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. Our ability to assess whether a deep-water origination of the Ediacara biota is a genuine reflection of evolutionary succession, an artifact of an incomplete stratigraphic record, or a bathymetrically controlled biotope is limited by a lack of geochronological constraints and detailed shelf-to-slope transects of Ediacaran continental margins. The Ediacaran Rackla Group of the Wernecke Mountains, NW Canada, represents an ideal shelf-to-slope depositional system to understand the spatiotemporal and environmental context of Ediacara-type organisms' stratigraphic occurrence. New sedimentological and paleontological data presented herein from the Wernecke Mountains establish a stratigraphic framework relating shelfal strata in the Goz/Corn Creek area to lower slope deposits in the Nadaleen River area. We report new discoveries of numerous Aspidella hold-fast discs, indicative of frondose Ediacara organisms, from deep-water slope deposits of the Nadaleen Formation stratigraphically below the Shuram carbon isotope excursion (CIE) in the Nadaleen River area. Such fossils are notably absent in coeval shallow-water strata in the Goz/Corn Creek region despite appropriate facies for potential preservation. The presence of pre-Shuram CIE Ediacara-type fossils occurring only in deep-water facies within a basin that has equivalent well-preserved shallow-water facies provides the first stratigraphic paleobiological support for a deep-water origination of the Ediacara biota. In contrast, new occurrences of Ediacara-type fossils (including juvenile fronds, Beltanelliformis, Aspidella, annulated tubes, and multiple ichnotaxa) are found above the Shuram CIE in both deep- and shallow-water deposits of the Blueflower Formation. Given existing age constraints on the Shuram CIE, it appears that Ediacaran organisms may have originated in the deeper ocean and lived there for up to ~15 million years before migrating into shelfal environments in the terminal Ediacaran. This indicates unique ecophysiological constraints likely shaped the initial habitat preference and later environmental expansion of the Ediacara biota.

On the issue of legislative regulation of the status of federal territories in the Russian Federation

In this article the authors’ concept of certain provisions of the framework Federal Law ‟On Federal Territories” is presented. The researchers proposed a structural vision of the future legislative act, concretised the norms defining the general principles of the legal status of federal territories: the subject of regulation and the purpose of the adoption of the federal law, basic terms and concepts, the principles and procedure for the formation of federal territories, their types, the purpose and grounds for the creation of federal territories. The article also analyses the legal foundations and doctrinal approaches mediating the procedure for the creation and functioning of territorial units of a special type in the system of public authority of the Russian Federation.

Parameters and resource potential of the territory of populated places in the zone of influence of stopping points

The authors did not set a goal to make a comprehensive analysis of all aspects of the formation and functioning of the settlement territories in the zone of stopping points influence.The article is a review and a problem. It provides an overview and analysis of research directly or indirectly related to the problem under consideration. The results of multivariate calculations using the regulatory documents of Ukraine are presented: parameters of the zones of transport lines and stopping points influence (width of the zones of influence, total area of construction and area of residential construction in the zone of influence of one stopping point), resource potential (housing stock, population) for the largest, large, large and small settlements and their zones (central, middle, peripheral). The performed calculations show that the territories of settlements in the zone of influence of stopping points occupy an important place in the planning structure and vital activities of settlements due to their significant resource potential − territory, population, housing stock, as well as the close relationship of their structural parameters with the parameters of the transport infrastructure. which indicates the need to consider them as a whole.

International regional competitiveness of rural territories as a factor of their socio-economic development: Methodological aspects

The study aims to develop a scientific and methodological approach to the formation of a model for managing the international competitiveness of rural areas based on an assessment of the existing export and production potential to form priorities for their socio-economic development. Research methods involve a systematic approach, an integrated approach, an algorithmization using methods of integral assessment of competitiveness, etc. The research allowed the development of a conceptual model for managing the international competitiveness of rural regions. The model includes a variable list of determinants and indicators of the formation of competitive advantages of rural territories depending on the export-production potential and strategic goals of their development. The paper presents a model management algorithm and a set of complementary methodological techniques used to assess international and regional competitiveness. The scientific novelty lies in the developed scientific and methodological approaches and practical recommendations for the formation of international and regional competitiveness in rural areas. Moreover, a system of determinants of the competitiveness formation of rural territories and a system of indicators for its assessment have been developed.

Reconstructing diploid 3D chromatin structures from single cell Hi-C data with a polymer-based approach.

Detailed understanding of the 3D structure of chromatin is a key ingredient to investigate a variety of processes inside the cell. Since direct methods to experimentally ascertain these structures lack the desired spatial fidelity, computational inference methods based on single cell Hi-C data have gained significant interest. Here, we develop a progressive simulation protocol to iteratively improve the resolution of predicted interphase structures by maximum-likelihood association of ambiguous Hi-C contacts using lower-resolution predictions. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, our procedure is not limited to haploid cell data and allows us to reach a resolution of up to 5,000 base pairs per bead. High resolution chromatin models grant access to a multitude of structural phenomena. Exemplarily, we verify the formation of chromosome territories and holes near aggregated chromocenters as well as the inversion of the CpG content for rod photoreceptor cells.

Specifics of Forming the Territories of Botanical Gardens as the Landscape Objects

Introduction. Botanical gardens are the special research institutions fostering the conservation and introduction of various plant species. They have gone a long way in their development and play an important role in organisation of people’s recreation within the urban nature-based framework. The research revealed, that in the botanical gardens the research activities are combined with the considerable work on the architectural planning and landscape-spatial arrangement of territories, all contributing to the rational layout and functioning of the botanical gardens. The aim of the present research is to analyse and identify the main principles of forming the territories of botanical gardens in the south of Russia, find out their functional set-up and modern trends of development, which have not been studied before.Materials and Methods. The comparative analysis of the state of territories of botanical gardens per time and space, the integrated system analysis of the architectural planning and landscape evolution features of the territories of botanical gardens of the south of Russia and the principles of their design from perspective of the landscape architecture, were carried out. When conducting the evaluative research of the territory of the Botanical Garden of the Southern Federal University in Rostov-on-Don, the graph analytics methods were used, as well as the authors’ graphic materials on reconstruction of the SFU Botanical Garden structure.Results. The main historical stages in the timeline of botanical gardens’ formation in Russia were determined. The evolution of the architectural planning and landscape arrangement of the botanical and dendrological gardens in the southern region of Russia was analysed for the first time. The results of the study allowed making a conclusion about the insufficient consideration of the recreational role of the territories of botanical gardens and principles of their arrangement as the landscape objects during their design and creation. The main principles of forming the territories of botanical gardens in the southern region of Russia were formulated. By the example of the Botanical Garden of the Southern Federal University of Rostov-on-Don, the features of its territory formation, creation of the collection stock, arboretum, etc., were revealed. The disadvantages and advantages of zoning its territory, from perspective of forming it as a landscape object, were determined. Conceptual proposals for the transformation of its territories were given.Discussion and Conclusion. The authors have systemised the data per historical periods of the botanical gardens’ formation and evolution in Russia, which enables considering the revealed features during the reconstruction of such territories. For the first time the specifics of the southern region botanical and dendrological gardens’ formation, as the landscape objects intended for recreational purposes, have been studied. The formulated principles of functional zoning of the botanical gardens of the south of Russia will enhance their architectural-artistic and landscape image. Based on the materials of this study, the conceptual design solutions for the territory of the Southern Federal University Botanical Garden of Rostov-on-Don have been provided.

Spatial organization of riverside territories in Irkutsk area: mid XX – early XXI centuries

The paper presents a design of a scientifically-based, theoretical model for organization of riverside territories of the Irkutsk area under contemporary conditions. The work set out to analyze the factors influencing the formation of the riverside territories, problems and possible directions for necessary transformations; to systematize and adapt the current theoretical and methodological base; to develop a theoretical design model for spatial organization of the territories. The research methodology involves system and landscape-geographical approaches. Urban ecological analysis of riverside territories included analysis of spatial and strategic planning documents, field investigation of the territories, graphical analysis of world experience in terms of patterns and trends in organizing riverside territories, as well as conceptual modeling with consideration to the urbanization level of the territories. The study consists in developing the following definitions: scientific ground for spatial organization of riverside territories in urban area; global trends in organizing riverside territories in urban area; theoretical design model and perspectives for transformations in the territories. The study results include the development of a theoretical design model for the riverside territories in the Irkutsk area, enabling the growth potential and organization principles of the riverside territories to be effectively identified with consideration to their urbanization level. In addition, the authors offer a definition for the concept of “riverside territories in the urban area.”

A research of factors and the process of a territory’s tourism ecosystem formation

The article presents the results of the authors’ research on issues of ecosystems in tourism, digital ecosystems, the impact of digital transformation and platformization of the economy and business on the process of formation of territories’ tourism ecosystems, the role and development trends of the hotel industry as an element of the tourism ecosystem, the impact of information and communication, including digital and mobile technologies on the processes of integration and collaboration of tourism ecosystems’ stakeholders. The authors have studied theoretical and methodological foundations of the ecosystem approach in science and business, including the concept of “ecosystem” in various fields, specifics of formation of ecosystems in business in the digital economy. The authors have studied the ecosystem approach in the development of tourism and hospitality within a tourist territory. Based on a survey of experts, the authors assessed factors of formation of a territory’s tourism ecosystem and tourism development projects and developed methodological recommendations for the development of a territory’s tourism and hospitality based on the ecosystem approach. The authors have proposed and substantiated the model of a tourist territory’s ecosystem and the mechanism for an interaction of stakeholders. As an object of study, the authors have considered organizations of the tourism industry, including the hotel industry as an element of tourism development in a tourist territory within the framework of the ecosystem approach. The subject of the study is the system of socio-economic, organizational, and managerial relations and relations, partnerships and technologies in the development of tourism in a tourist territory, in general, and the hotel industry as an element of the tourism industry, in particular, studied within the framework of the ecosystem approach. The obtained results might be used as a basis for continuing scientific research on issues of tourism ecosystems, digital transformation of the tourism industry, designing the development of tourist territory, in the work of tourism administrations at all levels, organizations in the field of tourism and hospitality.

ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE FORMATION OF TERRITORIES OF SUSTAINABLE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

The current period of economic formation is characterized by the active development of global processes and global crises, which are accompanied by the strengthening and aggravation of relations between countries, the aggravation of political and economic problems, which ultimately entails a loss of stability and the potential for their development. In this connection, the most important problem is ensuring the economic security of the country, which is necessary not only for its independence and the protection of its economy from external and internal threats, but also will ensure the economic sovereignty of the country and the unity of its economic space. It is impossible to imagine the economic security of a country without an innovative component that combines various types of resources: technical, technological, managerial, infrastructural and other resources and factors affecting the implementation of innovative processes that are the basis of modern socio-economic development of countries and regions.
 Preparation and implementation of projects to create a new formation of sustainable innovative development of the territory, taking into account the specific features of the development of cities and their regions during the period of deep transformational changes in the world economy is a priority task
 The analysis makes it possible to conclude that it is necessary to develop a systematic approach to the formation of territories of sustainable innovative development, taking into account the assessment of the relationship between improving the efficiency of socio-economic development of the region with a stabilizing effect and the initialization of an innovative breakthrough in the activities of enterprises and organizations in the global global crisis.
 Purpose. Development of a systematic approach to the formation of territories of sustainable innovative development in the context of the global crisis in order to ensure the economic security of the region.
 Methodology in article: methods as classification, generalization, typology, analysis and synthesis, comparison and comparison, method of logical interpretation, method of analogy, method of proof, method of logical justification.
 Results: Specific methods and tools for creating territories of innovative development of a new formation are formulated within the framework of economic transformations carried out in the country under the conditions of sanctions pressure in order to increase the level of national economic security.
 Practical implications it is advisable to apply the results obtained to improve the quality of management in the formation of an innovative strategy for the economic security of the subjects of the Russian Federation

Features of land use and tourism and recreation activities in the territory of national nature parks

The article examines issues related to the peculiarities of the functioning of land use and the conduct of tourist and recreational activities on the territory of national natural parks. The essence of the concept of “nature protection territories” was determined and the trend of development of nature protection territories was analyzed. The main functions are justified, which are to protect the environment and contribute to the comprehensive development of territories. It was determined that the core of nature conservation areas consists of the territories and objects of the nature reserve fund, which include 11 categories on the territory of Ukraine. The assessment of the formation and functioning of nature protection territories was carried out on the example of Odesa region, and the study of the peculiarities of land use and tourist and recreational activities was carried out on the example of the local territory of the Nizhny Dniester National Park, which is determined by the species diversity of birds, the Dniester delta occupies one of the first places among the most valuable natural territories in Europe . An assessment of the functional zoning of the NPP territory was carried out and the allocated zones: protected — 44.07 %; regulated recreation — 35.62 %; stationary recreation — 0.05 %; economic — 20.26 % of the total territory of the park. Grounded features of land use and the conduct of tourist, recreational and economic activities within each of the functional zones.

Exact spatiotemporal dynamics of lattice random walks in hexagonal and honeycomb domains.

A variety of transport processes in natural and man-made systems are intrinsically random. To model their stochasticity, lattice random walks have been employed for a long time, mainly by considering Cartesian lattices. However, in many applications in bounded space the geometry of the domain may have profound effects on the dynamics and ought to be accounted for. We consider here the cases of the six-neighbor (hexagonal) and three-neighbor (honeycomb) lattices, which are utilized in models ranging from adatoms diffusing in metals and excitations diffusing on single-walled carbon nanotubes to animal foraging strategy and the formation of territories in scent-marking organisms. In these and other examples, the main theoretical tool to study the dynamics of lattice random walks in hexagonal geometries has been via simulations. Analytic representations have in most cases been inaccessible, in particular in bounded hexagons, given the complicated "zigzag" boundary conditions that a walker is subject to. Here we generalize the method of images to hexagonal geometries and obtain closed-form expressions for the occupation probability, the so-called propagator, for lattice random walks both on hexagonal and honeycomb lattices with periodic, reflective, and absorbing boundary conditions. In the periodic case, we identify two possible choices of image placement and their corresponding propagators. Using them, we construct the exact propagators for the other boundary conditions, and we derive transport-related statistical quantities such as first-passage probabilities to one or multiple targets and their means, elucidating the effect of the boundary condition on transport properties.

Strategy of directions, forms and tools of state influence on development processes of the regional business environment

The object of research is the content and factors of the formation and development of the regional business environment as an economic resource for the development of the region, its formation and effective use. Effective development of the regional business environment is a key factor in the sustainable functioning of business structures. Entrepreneurial activity ensures the improvement of the social situation in the regions, solving problems related to the employment of the population, the level of income of its working part, the income of local budgets, blocking centers of social tension. This necessitates the formation of an entrepreneurial environment that ensures the improvement of the efficiency of business structures, the activation of factors of its development operating at the macro-, meso-, micro- and nano-levels. Despite the growing interest of scientists and researchers in the study of problems related to the formation and development of the regional business environment, the search for factors affecting it, many issues of theoretical and methodological properties in this field of science and practical activity remain unresolved. This work is devoted to the study of these issues. The results obtained in the course of the study can be used by the state authorities, which form state programs for stimulating the development of the business environment at the regional level. And also by entrepreneurs, investors, financial structures, analytical and rating agencies when making relevant decisions related to the development and assessment of the state of the business environment. A number of conclusions can be used for analytical purposes, the formation of comparative indices, ratings, establishment of business contacts that correspond to the mutual interests of interested parties, strategic planning of the development of various regions, etc. Separate provisions can be applied in the process of further research into scientific and practical problems of the formation and functioning of business territories, as well as used in higher educational institutions to prepare a scientific and methodological base for teaching.

Compartmentalization with nuclear landmarks yields random, yet precise, genome organization

The 3D organization of eukaryotic genomes plays an important role in genome function. While significant progress has been made in deciphering the folding mechanisms of individual chromosomes, the principles of the dynamic large-scale spatial arrangement of all chromosomes inside the nucleus are poorly understood. We use polymer simulations to model the diploid human genome compartmentalization relative to nuclear bodies such as nuclear lamina, nucleoli, and speckles. We show that a self-organization process based on a cophase separation between chromosomes and nuclear bodies can capture various features of genome organization, including the formation of chromosome territories, phase separation of A/B compartments, and the liquid property of nuclear bodies. The simulated 3D structures quantitatively reproduce both sequencing-based genomic mapping and imaging assays that probe chromatin interaction with nuclear bodies. Importantly, our model captures the heterogeneous distribution of chromosome positioning across cells while simultaneously producing well-defined distances between active chromatin and nuclear speckles. Such heterogeneity and preciseness of genome organization can coexist due to the nonspecificity of phase separation and the slow chromosome dynamics. Together, our work reveals that the cophase separation provides a robust mechanism for us to produce functionally important 3D contacts without requiring thermodynamic equilibration that can be difficult to achieve.

Тенденции развития горнолыжного туризма в Карачаево-Черкесии

Introduction. T he sphere of ski tourism is one of the priorities of state policy, which is expressed in the following factors: comprehensive restructuring of the tourism sector; development of large infrastructure projects; introduction of a mandatory system of classification of tourist facilities by location; formation of new ski trails and beaches. The strategic direction of the development of the ski tourism sector within the framework of the development of internal and external travel is the growth of consolidation of all territories of the Russian Federation, based on the development of transport infrastructure, purposeful activity of the state, establishing the principles and amounts of fees for various services, transportation of passengers and cargo, export and import of goods, subsidizing interregional transportation. The purpose of the study is to determine the strategic priorities for the development of ski tourism in the world and Russia. Materials and methods of research. Theoretical foundations of the Russian school of strategizing, general logical research methods, system and situational approaches, modeling of economic processes. Research results and discussion. The study identified the main problems and ways to solve them within the framework of sustainable development of the mountainous territories of Russia. It is determined that with global transformation processes, the country has a wide range of opportunities for the development of tourist territories, while it is necessary to develop comprehensive programs for the development of the tourism industry, effective marketing solutions in the context of strengthening the interaction of the country's tourist facilities with international tourist markets. Conclusion. Comprehensive solutions to the key problems of mountain territories require the development of a unified system of classification and accessibility of tourist information, the creation of a modern regulatory framework for tourism development, the formation of large ski complexes and territories that operate all year round and are accessible to the average citizen, the development of environmental aspects in the tourism sector.

Interactive Technologies of Brand Formation of Territories for their Promotion in the Market of Tourist and Hotel Services

Interactive Technologies of Brand Formation of Territories for their Promotion in the Market of Tourist and Hotel Services

Data-driven genome compartmentalization with nuclear landmarks.

In eukaryotic cells, the three-dimensional (3D) organization of genomes plays a crucial role in genome function and has inspired the development of numerous innovative experimental techniques for its characterization. Although researchers have made a great deal of significant progress in deciphering the folding mechanisms of an individual chromosome, the principles of the dynamic large-scale spatial arrangement of the whole genome inside the nucleus are poorly understood. Following the maximum entropy principle pioneered by Zhang and Wolynes, we used polymer simulations to develop a predictive model for the whole genome at one hundred kilo-base resolution (100 KB) with nuclear bodies such as nuclear lamina, nucleoli, and speckles and parameterized a force field to study genome structure and dynamics using genome-wide chromosome conformation capture data. We discovered that self-organization based on a co-phased separation between chromosomes and nuclear bodies process can capture various features of genome organization, including the formation of chromosome territories, and phase separation of A/B compartments. Both sequencing-based genomic mapping and imaging assays that probe chromatin interaction with nuclear bodies are quantitatively reproduced with the simulated 3D structures. Essentially, we captured the heterogeneous distribution of chromosome positioning across cells, while simultaneously producing well-defined distances between active chromatin and nuclear speckles with our 100 KB model. Such heterogeneity and preciseness of genome organization can coexist due to the non-specificity of phase separation and the slow chromosome dynamics. In addition, with our 100 KB model, we analyzed the rheology of the cell nucleus noninvasively using the storage and loss moduli and investigated the different time scales existing in the model.

Burhs, burghal territories and hundreds in the English central Midlands in the early tenth century. Part 1

ABSTRACT The strategic context of new burhs created by the West Saxon King Edward the Elder in the east and central Midlands, in part documented in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, is examined to determine the ways in which the foundation of these burhs as new fortified settlements was associated with the formation of new burghal territories to maintain their strategic functionality. These burghal territories typically comprised one or more units of around 300+ hides, here termed ‘proto-hundreds’. All of these are argued as constituting elements of a major reorganisation of the administrative landscape as part of the essential infrastructure of burghal formation. These new cadastral redevelopments demonstrate the organisational precocity of the West Saxon state at this period. These ‘proto-hundreds’ were subsequently divided into smaller units of around 100 hides in a new phase of reorganisation which was arguably concurrent with the creation of the shires, formed by amalgamation of the earlier burghal territories, in probably the third quarter of the tenth century. The first part of this paper examines the shires of Buckinghamshire and what is now western Northamptonshire; the second part extends this analysis to Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Huntingdonshire and Cambridgeshire.

Опыт формирования набора данных для составления карт уездов XVIII–XX вв. (на примере Ардатовского уезда Симбирской губернии)

In historical and geographical research, when analyzing the formation, founding and development of territories, maps are of particular value. This article describes the experience of mapping the territory of Ardatovsky district of Simbirsk province in the 18th–20th centuries. The history of the formation of the county covers 150 years. Since its formation, the county has gone through various transformations, as a result of which the territory, the composition of settlements, their name and administrative affiliation have changed. After studying the historical and geographical features of the territory formation, it was decided to compile several maps of the county at different times so that they characterize the main periods of its existence. For this purpose, three eras were chosen, corresponding to 1780, 1859 and 1927. In the work presented by this article, various cartographic, accounting, statistical and literary sources were selected and studied, which were used to create maps for the territory of Ardatovsky district of the late 18th—early 20th centuries. These were both historical and modern maps, as well as modern materials—ready-made vector layers and a database of settlements in the Republic of Mordovia. The sources of the middle of the 19th century were recognized as the most complete, reliable and meeting the objectives of this study. Therefore, at the first stage of the work, the network of settlements of the county was reconstructed for this time period by geocoding in the GIS a list of settlements in the Simbirsk province, presented in the form of an electronic table. A specially prepared point layer of settlements was used as the initial spatially coordinated information. To create it, various cartographic and archival materials, statistical and reference sources were involved. At the second stage, the county border and the road network were adjusted. For each of the three epochs mentioned above, similar sets of spatial data were formed, on the basis of which maps of Ardatovsky district were compiled using the methods of geoinformation mapping.

Степной орёл в Алтае-Саянском регионе – результаты исследований 2019–2023 годов

Степной орёл в Алтае-Саянском регионе – результаты исследований 2019–2023 годов