Programs For Development Of Territories Research Articles

Strategi Kodam III/Siliwangi dalam Pemberdayaan Wilayah Pertahanan untuk Ketahanan Nasional

Strengthening Indonesia's national defense in facing various threats, both physical and non-physical. This strengthening includes the modernization of military equipment, community empowerment through territorial development programs, and increased coordination between regions. Kodam III/Siliwangi plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the West Java and Banten regions, especially in the face of the threat of terrorism, natural disasters, and cyber attacks. This study aims to analyze the strategy of Kodam III/Siliwangi in empowering land defense areas to realize national resilience. The focus of the research includes the modernization of military equipment, community empowerment through territorial development programs, and improved coordination between regions to deal with various threats, both physical and non-physical. Kodam III/Siliwangi, as the subject of the research, plays a strategic role in maintaining the stability of the West Java and Banten regions, especially in dealing with the threat of terrorism, natural disasters, and cyber attacks. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that Kodam III/Siliwangi implements an aggressive strategy through optimizing disaster-resilient infrastructure, strengthening cyber capacity, and continuous human resource training, thereby increasing operational readiness in facing physical and digital threats. Collaboration with local governments, educational institutions, and research strengthens integrated defense planning. In addition, local economic development through partnerships with the private sector and community empowerment supports social and economic stability, making the region more adaptive to various conventional and non-conventional challenges.

Current problems of rural population mortality in the Russian Federation

Currently, the problem of mortality of the population is particularly relevant in Russia, especially in rural areas, as one of the reasons for which is the low level of availability of medical care. The purpose of the study is to analyze the causes of high mortality of the rural population of the Russian Federation and develop a set of measures aimed at reducing this indicator. The main materials were official statistics, modern sources of literature, regulatory documents. The methods of the conducted research included: informational-analytical, statistical, bibliographic. Statistical processing was carried out using software packages SPSS, Excel-2007. The analysis in 2017–2020 revealed an increase in the mortality rate of the Russian population in both urban and rural areas. Among the causes of deaths of rural residents in 2020, compared with 2019, there was an increase in almost all classes of diseases, except for deaths due to injuries and poisoning. At the same time, the probable reasons for the growth of these indicators in rural areas may be: low availability of medical care, lack of resource provision, the composition of the age structure of the rural population and demographic aging of the population in rural areas, migration processes. The results obtained reflect the particular importance of the problem of mortality of the rural population and can be used in the development of regional programs for demographic development of territories and subjects of the Russian Federation.

МЕТОДЫ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ПРИ РАЗРАБОТКЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИЗМА И РЕКРЕАЦИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ УСТЬЯНСКОГО РАЙОНА АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

Tourism and recreation play an increasingly important role in the economy of regions located in the European territory of Russia. Their importance in the arrangement of space is also constantly increasing. It is essential to include tourism and recreation in the territorial development programs, which, in turn, requires elaboration of concepts for their promotion at inter-regional, regional, and intra-regional levels. The concept of tourism and recreation development is based on a comprehensive assessment of the territory, taking into account its stable characteristics and dynamic indicators. The areal nature of recreational impacts determines the choice of spatial assessment methods. Structurally, the concept of tourism and recreation development contains three blocks: informational, analytical, and practical. The article discusses the concept formation methodology based on two geographical methods: tourist-recreational zoning and construction of a tourist-recreational frame of the region. The practical part of the study is based on the territory of the Ustyansky district of the Arkhangelsk region. The application of the developed methodology to a specific region made it possible to step by step follow the algorithm for using spatial assessment when working with two blocks of the concept: the informational block, which includes a description of the tourist and recreational potential and the current state of the tourism industry, and the analytical block, which defines priority areas for the development of tourism and recreation. The article also shows the formation of the practical block of the concept based on the data collected. It contains ideas concerning promotion of the region’s tourism potential and the main tools for implementing the concept. Spatial assessment makes it possible not only to outline the directions of tourism development in the region but also to give recommendations for organizing high-quality recreation for local residents. The materials of the article can be used to formulate methodological recommendations on the preparation of tourism and recreation development concepts at various regional levels.

Debt Policy for the Sustainable Development of Russian Regions and Megacities

Relevance. In recent years, the role of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) bonds has been rapidly growing in the world. ESGs are used to raise funds for programs for sustainable development of territories. Research objective. The paper studies the cases of Russian regions using green bonds and considers the prospects of this tool in the Russian context. Data and Methods. The analysis focuses on the debt indicators of Russian regions and related budgetary indicators based on open source data from the Ministry of Finance, the Treasury, and independent rating agencies. The methods of comparative and retrospective analysis are used to identify the state and features of regional debt policy. Results. Our analysis of the debt policy of Russian regions and megacities shows a low level of their activity in the stock market as issuers of bonds. This can be explained by the complexity of the system of subnational finances and the role of the Federation in preventing default situations, and therefore the priority use of budget loans. The city of Moscow was a pioneer in this matter in Russia. This determines the uniqueness of Moscow's experience in implementing debt policy. Conclusions. The expansion of the green bond practice will allow Russia to move forward in achieving the goals of ESG agenda, which, despite the large-scale sanctions imposed on Russia at the moment, still remains relevant.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of achieving the goals of tourism development in the implementation of territorial development programs

This article is devoted to assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of territorial development programs in terms of achieving the target indicators of tourism development. In the course of the study, the authors used the methodology of assessing the effectiveness of achieving the goals, approved by the authorized body for state planning, as well as such methods of research as observation, description, comparative, formallogical and other methods of knowledge. As an information base of the study were used the data of the approved programs for the development of the territories of 17 regions, statistical yearbooks “Tourism of Kazakhstan” of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms. At the same time, the authors sorted, calculated, and interpreted the data on the studies devoted to the study of the effectiveness of achieving the goals of tourism development in the implementation of territorial development programs. According to the results of the research, there were calculated the coefficients of achievement of the target indicators. Also, there was estimated the degree of efficiency of local executive bodies in tourism development within the framework of realization of the programs of territorial development of 14 regions and 2 cities of republican value and the capital. The article presents the drawbacks of the existing methodology were revealed and the recommendations for its improvement.

ECOLOGIZED CITY VS ECOCITY: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

Formulation of the problem. The concept and practice of eco-cities as a phenomenon of integrated advanced technology, green structures, ecological and cultural diversity have gained global significance and become increasingly mainstream in policy-making. Some countries are aiming to elevate their aspiration towards creating an ecological society to constitutional rank. Ukraine cannot stay away from this trend. However, semantic interpretations of the essence of an ecological and ecologized city differ from country to country. At present, neither in Ukraine nor in the world in general, there has been formed a clear vision of the “ecologized city” and “eco-city” as phenomena based on fundamentally different, even diametrically opposite paradigms of urban planning if they are considered from the perspective of structural interaction with natural ecosystems. The purpose of the article is to reveal the similarities and differences between the concepts of “ecologized city” and “eco-city (ecopolis)” at the current stage of historical development. Conclusion. According to the outcomes of UN summits on this issue, as well as other international documents, regional and national programs for sustainable development of territories should be implemented everywhere, including Ukraine. Therefore, the theory of ecologizing the existing cities and developing new eco-cities as physical spaces of the life of society with an ecological worldview and thinking, as a result of the interaction matrix of cyclically (reversibly) and evolutionary (irreversibly) transforming ecological villages, becomes relevant. This predetermines the need to create a thesaurus with the semantic content of each term, concept and definition to be interpreted unambiguously and precisely so that they are understood by everyone in the same way, forming the correct lexical corporate communication in the scientific and design sphere of eco-city planning.

ОЦЕНКА УРОВНЯ НЕРАВНОМЕРНОСТИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ

In this article, the author examines the problem of interregional differentiation of the socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation, which during 2010-2019. remains quite significant. The directions of its dynamics in the conditions of economic growth and the crisis of the country's economy are determined: until 2015 it was decreasing, and then there was a tendency to increase. These trends were identified based on the analysis of the scatter coefficients for key indicators (GRP per capita, total industrial production per capita, investment in fixed assets per capita, etc.) at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The main reasons for the identified dynamics are the lack of an effective mechanism and effective tools for the implementation of various programs for the balanced development of territories, which led to the fact that the differences in the level of socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation not only do not decrease, but become stronger. All this testifies to the ineffectiveness of the state regional economic, investment and social policy pursued by the authorities.

State Policy in Converging Technologies: International and Russian Experience in the Growth Strategies Development

The article presents a systematization of distinctions in the converging technologies state policy implemented by foreign countries. NBIC convergence represents a source of a new direction in economic growth, as well as new regional development risks, which require the elaboration of appropriate government policy instruments at all its levels. The authors conclude that effective regional or national innovation policy measures can act as triggers that result in enterprises and scientific organizations entering into a converging technological innovation process, which allow them to take advantage of new emerging markets and industry conditions. In this process, regional or national authorities can play an important role in improving the basic conditions for companies and research institutions in their search for possible application areas, as well as giving them an access to information about modern methods assessing the opportunities and risks associated with converging technologies. The article analyzes the problems and restrictions that enterprises and organizations face on the way to the implementation of NBIC technologies (for example, the lack of specific information about new market opportunities for implementing converging technologies, search and association with new partners outside the sectors where companies operate, etc.) The authors propose directions for the regional specific features analysis, which allow elaborating territorial development programs for implementing converging technologies. Statistical analysis of the digital technologies usage in Russia and cross-country comparison by these indicators carried out by the authors allow concluding that the importance of ICT in the national economy is constantly increasing. The ICT role in building internal business and information interaction between companies and partners is becoming especially important for Russian companies. The level of distribution of cloud services in Russian organizations is comparable to the average for the EU countries. In this area Russia is ahead of France, Germany, and Austria. The industries with the best digitalization rates include the financial sector, retail and communications. At the same time, there remains a significant gap between the achieved level of ICT penetration in Russia and the countries that lead in the broadband Internet access availability, presence in the networks, and the use of information systems.

Programs implementation prospects for the large city territories development in Russia: institutional aspect

The article shows that the development of large cities as centers and locomotives of economic growth requires efficient use of urban areas, ensuring their sustainable and balanced development. This necessitates improving the institutional framework and methodology for spatial planning. The authors note that the functioning of the institutions on which the rational land use in large cities depends does not meet modern requirements, primarily in the field of integrated sustainable territorial development (ISTD). The article analyzes the experience of St. Petersburg in the urban areas‘ development aspect, which made it possible to identify the main problems, including the lack of public consensus on the choice of territories for the programs‘ implementation. ISTD and insufficiently active participation of the city in the implementation of these programs, especially in terms of engineering infrastructure Preparation. Analysis of literature and practice in the study area showed the need to improve the mechanism for the formation and implementation of programs for the territorial development in large cities, the development of real estate market institutions, rules and regulations related to ISTD. The article presents the recommendations of the authors, to a certain extent filling the existing gaps. The author‘s definition of the “depressed territory” concept is proposed (to solve the problem of choosing the territories for ISTD), substantiated the need to form a unified city program for ISTD project development with their introduction into the General Plan of the city development, as well as the use of the economic-spatial model of the developed territory to determine the possible effect of its development and the costs necessary to obtain it. The article proposes a unified methodological basis for the territorial development programs‘ formation and implementation. The recommended methodological approach is aimed at improving the analysis and assessment quality oof development programs for the territories in a megapolis, at ensuring the effective use of urban land.

Ruralidades, enfoque territorial e políticas públicas diferenciadas para o desenvolvimento rural brasileiro: uma agenda perdida?

This paper invites a reflection on “styles” or “models” of development that have characterized social, economic and politico-institutional transformations in rural areas. It does so by evaluating territorial development, differentiated public policies, and the emergence of new ruralities in the agricultural context in Brazil, based on the experience over the last few decades. By drawing on international literature, this work assesses the meaning of the use of new ruralities to characterise farming environments, and its impact over important indicators and governmental policies. With a focus on Brazil, the article traces recent processes that help to sketch out possible “snapshots” of the national agricultural landscape, as evidenced in work based on land grabbing and financialization of land, and on the constitution of rural territories. These processes are supported by important governmental policies, such as rural credit and territorial development programs. The recent crisis of agricultural policies in Brazil brings new challenges in terms of understanding this broader context, and raises new questions, which will be addressed in the concluding remarks. Keywords: rural development; territorial development; agricultural policies; ruralities.LEITE, Sergio Pereira. Ruralidades, enfoque territorial e políticas públicas diferenciadas para o desenvolvimento rural brasileiro: uma agenda perdida? Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura, v. 28, n. 1, p. 227-254, fev. 2020.Submitted on November 19, 2019.Accepted on January 6, 2020.

«ЗЕЛЕНІ» ФІНАНСИ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ГАРАНТУВАННЯ ПРИРОДО-ТЕХНОГЕННОЇ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В КОНТЕКСТІ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

У статті розглянуто сутність поняття «зелені» фінанси» та визначено його застосовність до виконання завдань забезпечення екологічної та техногенної безпеки територій на принципах сталого розвитку. Визначено основні механізми формування джерел «зелених» інвестицій, такі як «зелені» кредити, «зелені» облігації, фіскальна політика, територіальні фонди, «зелені» кооперативи. Сформовано перелік секторів реальної економіки, які за результатами дослідження мають найбільший негативний вплив на екологічну безпеку територіальних об’єднань. Головними чинниками, які є перепоною широкого впровадження «зелених» фінансів в економічну практику, виділено складність визначення та системний характер економічних та неекономічних ризиків, які є основою прийняття рішення про фінансування «зеленого» проєкту. Розроблено перелік та послідовність етапів проєктування джерел фінансування «зелених» інвестицій з урахуванням екологічної та техногенної безпеки в контексті сталого розвитку територій.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SYSTEMIC URBANISM

The relevance of the study is due to the need to assess the effects of urbanization in the regions of Ukraine that are beneficial to both consumers and producers. The evolution of spatial econometric models of economic growth is analyzed. It is revealed that urbanization affects the growth of labor productivity in cities. The theoretical and practical significance of research on urbanization is great, especially for the development of territorial development programs and fiscal policy. The basis of the study is the analysis of the spatial effects of urbanization of labor productivity as the main source of long-term economic growth. The effects of urbanization for economic development depend on the development of the country, its density and structure, as well as on the functions of large cities.Keywords: Urbanization effect, the economic growth, economic systems, town planning project, city structure, city economy, the economy of the intellectual city, intelligence products, intellectual rent, economy of transport cities.

REGIONAL PROGRAMMING AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

REGIONAL PROGRAMMING AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Стимулювання соціально-економічного розвитку регіонів України на засадах фінансової децентралізації

Relevance. In modern conditions of integration with the EU countries, the regulatory framework of the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine is supplemented from the standpoint of decentralization of local authorities in accordance with European requirements for reforming the domestic economy. The main reasons for improving regional management, taking into account the experience of developed countries of the world, are: unsatisfactory level of financial support for the regions of Ukraine; improper delineation of administrative-territorial powers; unproductive distribution and redistribution of income and expenses between the state and regions; imperfect management of the processes of formation and use of financial resources at the local level. All this makes the balanced development of both the regions of Ukraine and territorial communities, the main subject of socio-economic progress of a certain territory, virtually impossible.Goal and tasks. Identification of challenges and threats to stimulate the socio-economic development of regions on the basis of financial decentralization.Results. The article presents the results of a theoretical and practical study of the process of stimulating the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine based on financial decentralization. The most significant problems of socio-economic development of Ukraine are identified. The role of state regional policy in solving these problems is revealed. The role of decentralization as a factor in regional development is substantiated. The essence of the concept of "decentralization" and its types is revealed, its mission is indicated. The results of observations of the processes of financial decentralization of local governments and territorial communities are presented. Positive changes and threats were identified regarding the stimulation of the socio-economic development of the regions based on financial decentralization.Findings. The financial decentralization of power has created new opportunities for the development of territories through new approaches to financing and managing the areas of community life (education and health), increasing the sources of local budgets, expanding the managerial powers of local governments and opportunities for publicprivate and inter-municipal partnerships, increasing the volume of supporting the implementation of projects of socio-economic and infrastructural development of territories. However, the issues of relations between such levels as the territorial community – district – region – state; financing of territorial development programs. The issue of economic self-sufficiency of territorial communities is not considered, which could, provided the rational use of the resource base, strengthen it and improve the financial situation. Consequently, the development of a territorial community at the local level is possible only if the correct state policy and the policy of local authorities based on financial decentralization are formed.

FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PROGRAM OF INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES IN CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

The systemic crisis in the sphere of socio-economic development of territories is a consequence of the lack of a modern management mechanism for the development of territorial communities, which is based on the corresponding development programs.Despite the depth of studying of these scientific studies, the financial aspects of developing programs for the innovative development of territories in the conditions of financial independence of local government bodies require detailed consideration.Focused attention of researchers on the problems of management of territorial development. Attracted attention to the necessity of creating a mechanism for funding work on the development of relevant programs. It is determined that without such mechanism it is impossible to create and effectively implement territorial development programs at all levels of the administrative-territorial system of the country. All elements of the process of territorial development programming that are in need of financing are considered and which should be considered such a separate cost items of the corresponding estimate. On the basis of foreign experience (first of all the USA), it is proposed to create a nation-wide network of state information and consulting (advisory) services that would be the implementers and coordinators of work on the development of territorial development programs. It is determined that the financing of the development of territorial development programs should be carried out precisely through such services, which will ensure the efficiency and transparency of this process in conditions of financial decentralization and creation of united territorial communities in Ukraine. The proposed basic model of the process of programming the innovative development of joint territorial communities will ensure the effectiveness and transparency of this process in the context of financial decentralization.

Sustainable Development of the Region: The Spatial Dimension

One of the most important issues in implementing the strategic goals of the sustainable development of the territories of the region is the sustainable development of a project management system for the economy of the whole region, the mechanisms of which will allow concentrating its own resources for implementation of large-scale programs for the sustainable development of territories of agglomerating and peripheral types. The solution of this issue requires the sustainable development of mechanisms that can concentrate its own resources for implementation of large-scale programs, which in turn requires the sustainable development of new methods for assessing the uniformity of the sustainable development of regional territories. In this article we give a description and results of approbation of the methodical approach to modelling the spatial development of the region, based on the method of cenological modelling. Economic cenosises of territories have a pronounced competition, the presence of which is determined by the nature of elements of the subsystem having different properties. For the description of the structure of the economic cenosis itself, a rank-parametric distribution has been used. The result of the modelling is a matrix of concordance coefficients, which, in essence, is an indicator of the existence of problem issues in each group of sustainable development indicators considered in terms of the spatial arrangement of the investigated objects. The results of the research presented in the paper allow us to conclude that it is expedient to use the developed method to evaluate the spatial development of the regions.

Eco-organic tourism as an element of the sustainable development of territories

Organic agricultural production is an ecologically oriented alternative to traditional agriculture and is aimed at ensuring food and environmental safety of the population and territories. The development of ecological tourism on the basis of organic production farms is considered as a promising direction in the development of regional programs for the sustainable development of territories. Studies have shown that, farms engaged in the production of organic products in the Republic of Tatarstan have a significant potential for the development of eco-organic tourism using elements of the nature protection structure.

Por uma Abordagem Relacional do Desenvolvimento Territorial Rural

Resumo: A institucionalização dos programas de desenvolvimento territorial rural foi acompanhada de uma intensa efervescência acadêmica sobre o tema. Contudo, uma das críticas mais difundidas a respeito da literatura produzida é que ela possui um caráter normativo, falta-lhe substância teórica sobre interação social e, assim, o território parece estar sendo reificado pelas políticas públicas. Este ensaio possui como objetivo construir um quadro analítico para compreender os processos sociopolíticos subjacentes à implementação das políticas de desenvolvimento territorial rural, organizando um instrumental conceitual que estruture uma abordagem relacional do desenvolvimento territorial. Considera-se que a abordagem aqui empreendida poderá dotar as análises empíricas de sentidos diferentes daqueles que já se expressavam em trabalhos anteriores sobre o mesmo objeto, alcançando dimensões ainda pouco exploradas nos estudos do desenvolvimento territorial, como a rede de organizações, sua historicidade, suas configurações e os elementos sociais e institucionais que condicionam as intervenções dos atores no território, orientando sua trajetória de desenvolvimento. Essa construção teórico-analítica leva à premissa de que “atores”, “redes” e “instituições” sintetizam os principais elementos constitutivos da dinâmica social dos territórios e, assim, elementos definidores da trajetória do desenvolvimento territorial rural.

MULTIFUNCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT

The main goal of the system existence is the constant development. The ambiguity of interpretations of this concept, including in the context of the territorial entity, the lack of a systematic approach to sustainable development activates the search for the mechanism of its provision. There is a question, what is the way in management of the territory and what should be taken? The aim of the study is development category disclosure, search and justification of methods for implementation of programs for system innovation development of territories. The theoretical and methodological base of the study is system analysis and Systems theory. It is found that the development is a non-stop motion, evolution of space and structures therein. Human as the live self-sustaining system is a structure changing surroundings, its successful functioning is possible only in harmony with nature. Practical implementation of system cooperation of human and nature is successfully implemented in a network of ecological and ancestral settlements, which represent self-sufficiency and focus of development.

Debate sobre el Enfoque DTR (Desarrollo Territorial Rural) en América Latina.

Debate sobre el Enfoque DTR (Desarrollo Territorial Rural) en América Latina.