Territorial Administration Research Articles

Evidence of China’s sea boundary in the South China Sea

According to a series of important historical maps, i.e., the Location Map of the South China Sea Islands, the Nansha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Yongxing Island and Shidao Island, and Taiping Island (archived by the Territorial Administration Division of the Ministry of Interior of Republic of China in 1946), and the Administration District Map of the Republic of China published in 1948, the dashed line surrounding the South China Sea Islands represents China’s sea boundary in the South China Sea at that time. It was both connected with, and an extension of, the land boundary of China. At that time the dashed line was used to represent the waters boundaries while the solid line was used to represent the land boundary—a universal method used in maps that was then recognized internationally. The above observation provides historical and scientific evidence of China’s sea boundary in the South China Sea that is useful for the international maritime delimitation over the South China Sea area.

Directions of marketing tools and techniques application to improve the competitiveness of regions and regional markets

Goal of this article is to study the system application directions of marketing tools and technologies to improve the competitiveness of the region and regional markets in the changing conditions of the environment.It is noted that the theory and practice of marketing in the modern territorial administration considers it as a key factor of competitiveness, which will help to keep existing residents and attract expensive, educated, skilled workforceand form comfortable conditions for the operation of existing businesses and develop programs of attractiveness for investors and new entrepreneurs, to develop a unique tourism product focused on the re-visiting etc. It was considered the role of regional marketing definitions of national and foreign scientists. The attention is focused to the fact that despite the growth of attention of theorists and practitioners to territorial management technologies and marketing tools, many questions remain in terms of adapting to the needs of different territorial levels. The main problems associated with the direct transfer of technology of the corporate sector in management system and life activity of regions and cities.Stated that competitiveness as the object marketing impact should be considered within the classical concept of territorial marketing (marketing concept), according to which the bodies of local authorities should seek to identify current and future needs of target segments and play them in goods and services area (region, city) better than do competitors. The classical concept, along with other modern concepts of territorial marketing (social, ethical and partnership) gives to marketing a kind of integrator partnership of territorial authorities and target audiences.Were described the main subjects marketing in the region, discussed their role in enhancing the competitiveness of the regional markets systems on condition of the realization of their own interests and considered. It is noted that the main task of marketing should be increasing the attractiveness of its territory - complex of resources conditions, relationships, objects that allow in the market (competitive) conditions to reorient themselves to the flow of resources (financial, human, material, etc.), which will compete with other regions. Marketing territories allows to clearly understand that successful economic and social development should be to re-evaluate the area and conditions for the operation and development of the territory.It was established that today is activated the use of marketing approach in the local administration, but there is no systematic use of all marketing tools when forming strategies of Ukrainian cities and regions the use of limited marketing application of communication tools and event technologies and remain out of sight other important elements of the marketing mix. Specified directions for using the elements of the marketing mix (product, price, place, promotion, people, philosophy, perception, income, personality, process, performance, politicalpower, politics) in the process of ensuring the competitiveness of the region and the transformation of the system of regional markets.Integrated use of elements of the complex of territorial marketing, its successful "mixing", harmonization of marketing strategies and policies, can form a set of practical tools of adaptation the region to the market situation in the region to ensure competitiveness and create conditions for the implementation of strategic development programs.It was concluded that regional marketing system of regional markets makes it possible to form the best competitive advantages for customers compared with other areas, promotes the efficient use of resources to improve the competitiveness and image, helping to attract economic agents increasing the attractiveness and competitiveness of the region aimed at sustainable development of the region, and creating a long term and mutually beneficial relationships with internal and external partners. Client-orientation of marketing approach to the management of the region and to transform the system of regional markets allows you to create unique properties of the region as a place of residence, visiting, business investment and promote it successfully in domestic and foreign markets.

La imagen y el estilo de la mujer política española como elementos básicos de su comunicación / The image and the style of the spanish politician women as the basics of their communication

Esta investigación analiza la imagen y el estilo de la mujer política española, como base de su comunicación y clave de su éxito profesional. En primer lugar, se ha revisado el estado de la cuestión sobre los elementos utilizados en la investigación cualitativa, al detallar la imagen de dos mujeres políticas españolas en activo. Son Cristina González Calvar, secretaria general del Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE) en Álava, y Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría, vicepresidenta y ministra de la Presidencia y para las Administraciones Territoriales del Gobierno presidido por Mariano Rajoy (Partido Popular, PP). En segundo lugar, se ha hecho una investigación cuantitativa, con una entrevista de cuatro preguntas, contestadas por un centenar de profesionales de comunicación, imagen y asesoría de portavoces. El objetivo principal es demostrar que las mujeres políticas no deben lucir una mejor imagen atendiendo a datos estéticos, sino que deben estar a gusto con esa imagen para proyectar mayor credibilidad.

Ustrój administracji terytorialnej w świetle pierwszych projektów polskiej doktryny prawniczej u progu odrodzonej Rzeczypospolitej

The article contains the analysis of the first drafts of the projects of the territorial administration systems that developed at the beginning of the 20-year period of the wars in Poland. The author presented main assumptions of the organization of public administration during the interwar period according the concept voiced by Kazimierz Wladyslaw Kumaniecki, the Polish Law Society in Lvov and Edward Dubanowicz. The analysed projects constitute, in the author’s judgement, an important source of knowledge concerning the evolution of the idea of the Polish administration during the interwar era. The common feature of Kazimierz Kumaniecki and the Polish Law Society’s projects was depiction of the government and local administration in a form of a uniform structure of the public administration. On the other hand, a significant characteristic of Edward Dubanowicz’s project was a strong focus on the deconcentration principle. The main idea of all the projects presented in the article was the leading position of the general administration which was perceived as a condition of creating the strong and unified Republic of Poland.

La implantación del modelo territorial bonapartista. La prefectura de Granada.

Con este trabajo se pretende una reflexión sobre la reforma, del modelo territorial, emprendida por José I durante su breve reinado. El monarca trató de solventar las imperfecciones de la administración territorial a través de la división del reino en prefecturas. La norma que sentó las bases para establecer el nuevo modelo del gobierno civil de los pueblos fue el Decreto de 17 de abril de 1810, diseñando un mapa integrado por treinta y ocho prefecturas y ciento once subprefecturas. El estudio se centrará en el análisis de la aplicación del sistema prefectural en Granada entre 1810 y 1812, años de la ocupación de la ciudad por las tropas francesas, que no estuvo exenta de problemas y sí muy condicionada a las dificultades de la guerra.

Policing, crime and \u2018big data\u2019; towards a critique of the moral economy of stochastic governance

The paper defines ‘stochastic governance’ as the governance of populations and territory by reference to the statistical representations of metadata. Stochastic governance aims at achieving social order through algorithmic calculation made actionable through policing and regulatory means. Stochastic governance aims to improve the efficiency and sustainability of populations and territory while reducing costs and resource consumption. The algorithmic administration of populations and territory has recourse to ‘Big Data’. The big claim of Big Data is that it will revolutionize the governance of big cities and that, since stochastic governance is data driven, evidence-led and algorithmically analysed, it is based on morally neutral technology. The paper defines moral economy – understood to be the production, distribution, circulation and use of moral sentiments emotions and values, norms and obligations in social space – through which it advances a contribution to the critique of stochastic governance. In essence the argument is that certain technological developments in relation to policing, regulation, law and governance are taking place in the context of a neo-liberal moral economy that is shaping the social outcomes of stochastic governance. Thinking about policing in both the narrow sense of crime fighting and more broadly in its Foucaldian sense as governance, empirical manifestations of ‘policing with Big Data’ exhibit the hallmarks of the moral economy of neo-liberalism. This suggests that a hardening of the socio-legal and technical structures of stochastic governance has already largely taken place.

Dyfuzja semantyczna w proprialnej przestrzeni marketingowej, czyli rodzime nazwy odapelatywne w modzie

The article is devoted to the contemporary names of retail and service facilities. Its purpose is to characterize the very productive type of compound brand names, created in the course of semantic diffusion. While semantic diffusion consists of the expansion of meaning on the appellative level, it produces additional persuasive functions on the proprial level. The proper names discussed in this paper consist of lexemes from such semantic fields as: state administration (ministry, embassy, republic, empire), territorial administration (county), science (academy, institute, club), medicine (clinic), geography (land, park, world, oasis, island, zone, corner), trade (centre, delicatessen, wholesale, outlet, shop, stall), economy (farm, barnyard), industry (factory), art (gallery, lab, parlour, lounge, atelier, studio) and transport (station). The article also discusses the origins of trends in the use of compound names such as: the Nail Embassy, the Ministry of Advertising, the Chocolate Republic, the Movement Factory, the Form Workshop, and shows that they are affected by globalization and geolocation.

Administration of advanced devel-opment areas and free ports of the Russian Federa-tion.

УДК 242.9 The subject. In the article the problems of creation and development of advanced development areas and free ports are analyzed. Territories with a special regime for the conduct of business are a phenomenon long known to the world. Classic examples: the island of Delos (Greece) was declared a free trade zone, where merchants were exempt from taxes, duties and certain administrative duties. In Russia, the modern history of territories with a special regime for the implementation of entrepreneurial activity begins in the 1990s, when the first free economic zones were created: Vyborg, Dauria, Kuzbass, Nakhodka, Sadko, Sakhalin, Technopolis Zelenograd, Yantar, free trade zones or free customs zones Sheremetyevo, Moscow Franco-Port, Franco-Port Terminal. It is necessary to use the positive experience of foreign countries in this field. The purpose of this paper is to describe the problems of managing the territories of advanced development and free ports and to offer the government of the Russian Federation effective ways of solving these. Methodology. The author uses a dialectical method, a method of analysis and synthesis, a formal legal method, a comparative legal method. Results, scope. The author criticizes the Russian system of administration of the territories of advanced development and free ports of Vladivostok. The author points out that since each territory of advanced development and free ports of Vladivostok territory operate simultaneously on the territory of several municipalities, it is obvious that the highest exeutive authority of the subject of the Russian Federation, specifically the highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation in whose territory the сorresponding territory of advanced development. The author also proposes to extend the legal regime of the territories of advanced development and free ports to entities located in the territory of Western and Eastern Siberia. Effective organizational interaction between state and municipal authorities, the Management Company, the Supervisory and Public Councils with entrepreneurs and investors can only be ensured through the use of such a function of the authorities as coordination. Together, these measures will minimize the existing gap in the standard of living of the population and imbalance in the economic development of regions throughout Russia, and ultimately entail the accelerated economic development of the Russian Federation as a whole. The results of the study can be applied in the design of the legal regulation of creation and development of territories of advanced development and free ports. Conclusions. The author comes to the conclusion that the highest executive authority of the subject of the Russian Federation, specifically the highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation (the governor) should become the coordinating center of administration of territory of advanced development and free ports of Vladivostok. This approach will improve the business and investment climate in all (and not in the selected) constituent entities of the Russian Federation, create prerequisites for the development of their economic potential, will allow the subjects of the Russian Federation to make the most of their competitive advantages.

International Administration of Territories and the Dilemma of Accountability

Two decades post the Cold-War; the World has witnessed a systematic revival of a practice long thought to be extinct-territory administration via an international body to act as a government for running the state/territory. The most prominent examples were the United Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) and the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET). Various criticisms were directed to the International Administrations of Territories; the most prominent was mandating this Administration Authority complete power in running the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary authorities where its decisions are not being subject to monitoring or accountability. Yet, such decisions were mostly in violation of the International law which undermined the core principles of democratic governments, the rule of law and human rights as being the corner stones of International peace and security. This study aims at analyzing the legitimacy of forming international administrations as well as scrutinizing the legal restrictions and commitments thereof. The ramifications of any violations of such restrictions and commitments (The International Human Right Law and The International Humanitarian Law) should be holding these administrations and its members accountable internationally.

Задачи территориального планирования в сфере сохранения историко-культурного наследия

One of the goals of social and economic development of the territory is the preservation of its historical and cultural heritage. At the same time, effective socio-economic development of the settlement, fuller use of its historical and cultural potential requires an integrated approach, taking into account possible development prospects, which is impossible without the use of spatial planning and programming tools. The decision of the tasks of territorial planning at different levels of management is considered in the documents of strategic planning, regional and municipal development programs, resolutions and orders of territorial administrations in the sphere of culture.

Территориальные реформы во Франции: от децентрализации к рецентрализации государственного управления

Introduction. France is one of a few European countries that have considerable experience in the decentralization of the State governance on the basis of the extension of the powers and responsibilities of local governments. Moreover, many of the problems of territorial administration, existing in France, are similar to those that have to be solved today in Russia.Aims. The paper aims to provide a retrospective analysis of territorial reforms from the beginning of the 1980th to present time. Here special attention is paid to the 2000 reforms, that had not been fully studied in home and foreign scientific publications, in particular to reforms of president N. Sarkozy (2010) and former president F. Hollande (2014-2015). Methods. The paper applies the analysis and synthesis of empirical data; system analysis; retrospective approach; comparative analysis. Results. The retrospective analysis examines the evolution of aims, areas and priorities of territorial reforms. The task of local government empowerment and their autonomy that played a central role in the politics of decentralization at the end of the last century presently gived place to other priorities, such as streamlining the organizational structure of territorial administration, the enlargement of administrative-territorial units, improving the efficiency of local governments, budget cuts and etc. Conclusion. It is concluded that, despite numerous reforms, a large number of problems remain in the sphere of territorial state governance in France. They are connected, in particular, with the imbalance of responsibilities and resource capabilities of the territorial units, not enough clear division of their status and authorities, high territorial fragmentation, etc.

Оценка качества социальных услуг, оказываемых территориальным Управлением Пенсионного фонда

Оценка качества социальных услуг, оказываемых территориальным Управлением Пенсионного фонда

Paradoxical territorial management: the case of peri-urban agricultural areas

The purpose of this research is to understand the paradoxical practices of territorial management and to look into ways of supporting the local actors of peri-urban agriculture. To do so, we conducted a case study into the policy implemented for the past 25 years by the urban community of the Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Etoile (Bouches-du-Rhône). Drawing on quantitative analyses of qualitative data, we demonstrate the relevance of these management practices in action. We go on to propose managerial tools that can be applied in the framework of public action in peri-urban agriculture. Points for practitioners The practical uses of the article are: first, to identify and understand the paradoxes, a recurring source of tension and deadlock in territorial public administration; and, second, to contribute concrete avenues of reflection and solutions to the territorial managers faced with these situations, especially in the management of peri-urban agricultural areas.

La importancia de la explicación de las políticas públicas territoriales de contenido social

The analysis of the evolution of expenditure of social content for the whole of the Spanish authorities during the period 2010-2015 identifies us the cost of a fundamental pillar of our welfare society. The choice on the maintenance or the limits of the best social policy we can afford is a conditional decision and underrated by the public. The need to incorporate a vision of the management of territorial administration that complements studies on redistribution of wealth and poverty in our country identifies a broader framework to assess the use made of resources for social protection.

‘We Have Been Making History’: The League of Nations and the Leticia Dispute (1932–1934)

ABSTRACTThis article sheds a historical light on the League of Nations’ role in the settlement of the Leticia dispute between Peru and Colombia (1932–1934). It first describes how the Geneva organization conducted the negotiations with the two opposing parties and reached an agreement for the establishment of a temporary territorial administration of Leticia. Then, it examines the work of the International Commission, scrutinizing the challenges the Commissioners had to overcome to fulfil their mandate. Based on the League of Nations’ archives, this research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the settlement of the Leticia dispute. It also shows the innovative character of the Geneva organization's intervention to maintain international peace.

Qing Governors and their Provinces: The Evolution of Territorial Administration in China, 1644-1796, written by R. Kent Guy, 2010

Qing Governors and their Provinces: The Evolution of Territorial Administration in China, 1644-1796, written by R. Kent Guy, 2010

The methods and tools for Big data processing in territorial administration systems

Подано визначення Великих даних та описано основні характеристики. Проаналізовано математичні засоби подання та опрацювання Великих даних та визначено їх обмеження. Визначено формальний опис Великих даних. Подано моделі асоціацій між сутностями та характеристиками для різних категорій Nosql баз даних. Розроблено метод обміну різнотипними даними та приведення реляційних даних до моделі "сутність-характеристика". Спроектовано схему даних регіону. Апробовано розроблені методи та алгоритми.

Environmental Hazard Identification Technique Developing of Territorial Administrations Strategy as Exemplified in Siberian Federal District

This work, on the example of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation, presents a method for determining mass airbursts of combustion gaseous eco-toxicants, as a technique for assessing the contributory environmental load on the atmosphere. Potential environmental hazards are analyzed by mass of contaminated airbursts. A comparison of specific gross toxicants’ emissions in territorial entities of the Russian Federation is made.

Геоинформационные системы управления территориями. Региональный уровень

Геоинформационные системы управления территориями. Региональный уровень

Public administration of processes for supporting of inner ecology safety in Ukraine: organizational and legal aspect

The paper studied the legal framework that regulates social relations in the field of in-ternal environmental safety and provides a unified state policy and the exercise of powers by the authorities at all levels. Thus, in the legal field there are the gaps on many issues that are important in solving the tasks, including the powers and responsibilities of the various subjects of law in an extreme situation, as well as management and leadership of emergency rescue activity and other urgent works in disaster areas.
 It is established that to increase the state’s role in protecting the population from emergency situations of natural character, it is necessary to achieve a qualitative change in the legal status of government, the formation of relevant legislation and conduct reg-ulation. In general, the process of regulation in addressing the problems of population protection from emergency situations of different nature must be carry out through the systematization of the national, regional and local levels regulations that are relevant to the issues of prevention and liquidation of emergency situations; also we must eliminate inconsistencies in current legislation and coordinate the national legislation with inter-national.Based on analysis of existing and unresolved problems of internal environmental safe-ty it is necessity to implement new mechanisms of state influence to prevent environmen-tal degradation, the use of methods and means of protecting the population from current anthropogenic influences; reorganization of the territory, defining the boundaries of zones of sanitary, medical and sanitary survey of the population; ensuring internal envi-ronmental safety is realized with the help of legal, operational and rescue, functional and territorial public administration practices; the use of multi-state management controls that are able to simultaneously influence the situation in the sphere of nature.