Terminological Vocabulary Research Articles

СПОСОБЫ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ В НЕОФИЦИАЛЬНОМ ЮРИДИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ

The article examines means for constructing identities in legal informal discourse on Internet memes corpus. The aim of our research is to establish the regularities in the ways of identity constructions through the categorical oppositions and the stylistic means. The background of the research is the socio-constructionist and critical discourse-analysis approaches. We applied a methodology that integrates two approaches: a critical discourse analysis, as well as methods of humour analysis developed within the framework of a semantic approach to humour based on scripts (Script-based Semantic Theory of Humour (SSTH)). This involved identifying the subject positions based on linguistic and contextual analysis; examination of universal ways of how identities are expressed in informal legal discourse. The focus of our analysis was on the stylistic means that implement a certain way of professional identity construction. Our analysis indicated that identities appear fragmentary and are constructed with the means of different discourses; the central one is the professional legal, which is compared or contrasted to everyday discourse, informal, advertising and even “mom’s” discourse. The list of linguistic resources varies from legal terminology and neutral vocabulary to colloquial and thieves’ and mothers’ slang and invective vocabulary. The study expands the field of knowledge about the ways, stylistic and linguistic means of constructing professional identity through various possibilities of discursive subjects positioning.

Plurilingual Approach to Improving Lexical Competence of Non-Linguistic Majoring Students

This paper presents innovative approaches to improving lexical competence of non-linguistic students. The authors analyze the concept of terminological vocabulary in professional discourse, paying special attention to peculiarities of teaching vocational-oriented vocabulary to non-linguistic majoring students. Pedagogical technologies based on plurilingual approach in teaching professionally oriented vocabulary are offered in this article. The authors disclose the main features of acquiring professionally oriented vocabulary in distance learning and its effect on the learning process. Furthermore, the best practices for the English-German-French combination are explored in teaching non-linguistic students professionnally oriented vocabulary from a plurilingual and communicative perspective. The findings also show that these activities not only motivate learners to be engaged in meaningful language learning experience, but also encourage them to improve their plurilingual communicative competence, therefore enrich their professionnally oriented vocabulary. The focus lies on exploring the use of plurilingual approach as an effective means for improving professional linguistic competence. Recommendations for teachers and non-linguistic students on mastering their professionnally oriented vocabulary are presented in this paper.

ART NARRATIVE OF THE AHATANHEL KRYMSKYI AS A PHILOLOGIST

The article offers a linguosophical approach to the artistic linguistics of A. Krymskyi, historian-orientalist, writer (prose writer and poet), polyglot, philologist, translator. More than a hundred years have passed since A. Krymskyi wrote the novel “Andriy Lahovskyi”, and the author’s artistic narrative is of interest not only to historians of Ukrainian literature, but also to culturologists, psychologists, and language historians. The analysis of the artistic narrative of the Krymskyi as philologist is carried out in the following aspects: linguistic and structural characteristics of the text (vocabulary, phraseology, syntax) in comparison with the literary norm of modern Ukrainian, pragmalinguistic modeling of markers of the society represented by linguistic portraits of characters. characters. The conclusion about the interaction of colloquial and book (foreign language borrowings) sources in the modern reception of the history of the Ukrainian literary language of the end of the XIX – the beginning of the XX century is made. Numerous foreign words-terms, in particular in the field of psychiatry, are indicative of A. Krymskyi’s artistic narrative, especially when it comes to the state of the character’s psyche. foreign terminological vocabulary contrasts with the emotionally expressive content of colloquial structures, Ukrainian phraseology and interspersed foreign language mintexts. Text markers of social stratification of society include psycholinguistic evaluative statements of the author about the situational behavior of the characters. A. Krymskyi’s artistic narrative reveals signs of the author’s philological thinking, his constant attention to the explanation of the meanings of words, to the translation of foreign names. A significant number of lexical, word-forming, grammatical variants of the Ukrainian language are recorded in the individual style of the writer. Comparing them with lexicographic sources reveals the author’s preferences, time markers of the dynamic literary norm of the late nineteenth – early twentieth century.

The main directions of studying terminological vocabulary

The article is devoted to one of the poorly studied problems of terminology systematics. The interest in this problem can be explained by the fact that it is associated with the question of the organization of scientific knowledge. From these positions, we consider the consistency of terminology as one of the ways to study thinking. Traditionally, the problem of the systematic nature of the term was studied in relation to the concept of structuralism. The main criterion was the degree of organization of the term set. The structure was associated with a lower level of organization, and the system was characterized by a higher level of organization. The traditional views on consistency have proved to be unproductive, since they have not found significant confirmation in the analysis of practical material. In this article, we make an attempt to develop the concept of the main directions of studying terminological vocabulary and fill it with content related to the methodological and cognitive aspects of studying the term.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BORROWINGS

The article is devoted to the study of terminology vocabulary borrowed from English. Borrowing is seen as one of the productive methods of thermo formation. Ways of formation of scientific and technical terminology are investigated.

INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT ROLE IN PROFESSIONAL VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT

The issue of professional foreign vocabulary development among the students majoring in textile production is examined in this paper. Interdisciplinary context as integration of technical and humanitarian scientific disciplines is considered a leading factor in activating professional motives and developing professional competence. The conducted study revealed that professional terminology identified as a complex system includes both general scientific and highly specialized lexical terminological units and rules for their combination and use, as well as knowledge of professional communication principles. The authors suggest dividing professional language studies into three stages. The contents of the preparatory stage are to develop communicative competence based on general-interest or country-specific texts. The developing stage provides for gradual transition to learning professional foreign language with general scientific, technical and popular science texts used as teaching resources. The purpose of the practice-oriented stage is to develop professional language proficiency. This stage includes experimental aspect of teaching based on interdisciplinary integration and preparation of creative tasks. Study of etymological basis of the most common textile terms illustrates a way of forming a motivated attitude towards terminological vocabulary acquisition and gives a different view of the problem of mastering professional terminology.

Лінгвістичні та екстралінгвістичні чинники формування англомовного термінологічного поля «хвороби тварин»

The study analyzes extralinguistic and linguistic factors in the formation of the terminological field "animal diseases" in the English language. The study of veterinary work and its terminology revealed the causes of the first terms formation and the main stages of development of veterinary knowledge, which are reflected in the structural types of English terms of the studied terminological field "animal diseases". Lexical and semantic variants of the English terminology of veterinary medicine testify to the long history of its formation, the main stages of which are considered in the article. The purpose of the research is to analyze and describe the main factors of linguistic and extralinguistic nature that determine the lexical content of the terminological field "animal diseases" in modern English. Results of research. The lexical-semantic processes that accompany the development of the studied term sphere are analyzed. The main tendencies of influence of linguistic and extralinguistic factors of stimulation of terminology development of the English-language terminological field "animal diseases" are characterized. One of the important linguistic factors in the formation of “animal diseases” terminology is the presence of a large number of means of term formation. Among the sources of the formation of animal diseases nominations are morphological, syntactic and semantic methods, as well as borrowings from other languages. The analysis of the studied material allowed establishing and describing extralinguistic factors of terminological nomination, which are closely correlated with the specifics of scientific knowledge of the veterinary field, the conditions of its formation and development. Selected extralinguistic factors of terminological nomination demonstrate the relationship between events occurring in society as a whole and in individual communities, on the one hand, on the other - the process of creating units of terminological vocabulary.

TAXONOMY PROBLEMS OF VERBAL INFLUENCE TACTICS AND STRATEGIES

Human communication has been a relevant area of social research for last 50 years. It attracts the attention of psychologists, sociologists, culturologists, and, of course, linguists. The theory of verbal influence, which arose at the intersection of argumentation, rhetoric, and pragmatics, is now at the stage of forming its own terminological research vocabulary, as is evidenced by the lack of an elaborate system of tactics and strategies. The article highlights leading approaches to this problem within the framework of various scientific disciplines. It is worth mentioning that special contribution to the development of persuasion theory was made by marketers, by specialists in behavioral economics, by social psychologists and psychotherapists, that is, scholars and practitioners who did not study linguistic problems properly. The proposed conclusions make it possible to use theoretical achievements of related humanitarian disciplines to enrich the linguistic theory of persuasion.

LEXICAL NOMINATION AS A REFLECTION OF CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE IN OLD ENGLISH SEAFARING

The theory that nominative processes extended through centuries to systematic formations of special terminological meanings of professional Old and Middle English marine terminological vocabulary had already been explained in different ways based on an evidential linguistic material. There is no doubt of the historical and philosophical approaches employed to describe the ancient language representation of the native speakers’ world, as well as of the role and degree of their participation in the formation of nominations inclusive of those of ancient seafaring vehicles. Having been referenced repeatedly, both conceptually and through documents, they had confirmed their right to exist.
 In several topical articles, terminological units have already been represented by a synonymous series of proper nominations for the seafaring vessels (boats/ships) of various types by respective lexically-organized terms according to their word-formation, structural and content design in the Old and the Middle English. Despite the apparent decline of interest towards the subject of historical nominations in general, and the history of the English Marine language in particular,thereare unsettled challenges in the field. Specifically, more clarity is required regarding the incentives, degree of participation and the role of extralinguistic (human) factor in the history of a vessel-name formation, as well as in the mode of operation of the nominative apparatus for the above marine terms with respect to the of intralinguistic (language) factors involved.

ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕРИВАЦИЯ КАК ОСНОВНОЙ МЕХАНИЗМ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИИ ПРЕДМЕТНОЙ ОБЛАСТИ «СОЦИОЛОГИЯ СЕМЬИ» В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

The purpose of the article is to reveal and describe derivational models of terminological nomination in the object field «Sociology of the family». Derivational – morphological, morphological-syntactical and syntactical models of sociological terms belonging to family sociology in English have been analyzed. Detailed structural-semantic characteristics of English terms of family sociology is presented, the most productive means and methods of formation of terms in this sphere are revealed. The theoretical relevance of the study lies in apprehension of the derivational specific character of the formation of the object field «Sociology of the Family» as one of the main ways of verbalizing the scientific worldview. The apprehension of the object field of «Sociology of the Family» as a complex cognitive and linguistic phenomenon existing in several discourses (existential, vernacular, religious, gender, educational discourse, initiation discourse and many others) contributes to the presence of special and terminological vocabulary, integrating scientific and naive worldviews.

Terminological modelling of the aviation terms system in the context of globalized information space and security of aviation industry

Ukrainian aviation terminology, which denotes the concept of this field of technology, belongs to the general technical terminology of the Ukrainian language. Solving a number of problems of translation and adaptation of borrowed terms, primarily from English, will lead to the active integration of national terminology to the scientific world. One of the important issues in the development of Ukrainian aviation terminology at the regional and global levels is the quality and adequate translation of domestic terms into the global aviation language called airspeak which is part of the global language - lingua franca (ELF). One of the main tasks of linguistic science is the systematization and generalization of phenomena and the formalization of the laws of their origin and functioning. Terminology has its own specificity, which consists in the fact that a large number of special words is borrowed from other languages by the professional broadcasting, which is connected with scientific and technological progress, cooperation of scientists from different countries of the world. The vocabulary of terminological systems is the most actively replenished and changed. One of the main features of terminological vocabulary replenishment is the use of foreign words and their components for naming new concepts. Classical terms meet the requirements of accuracy, brevity and ensure the uniqueness of the term.

ИНВАРИАНТ СЛОВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ТИПА КАК СРЕДСТВО СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДНОЙ ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЛЕКСИКИ ДИЗАЙНА

Актуальность статьи заключается в поиске новых способов систематизации лексики. Целью является рассмотрение лингводидактической единицы Инвариант словообразовательного типа в качестве средства комплексной систематизации производной терминологической лексики на примере профессиональной лексики дизайна.Методы или методология исследования. В процессе исследования применяются такие методы, как анализ научных источников и моделирование производных слов. В частности, автор проводит анализ существующих научных трудов в области терминообразования и классификации лексики и приводит собственный опыт изучения профессиональной дизайнерской лексики. Основное содержание статьи посвящено описанию использования технологии построения словообразовательных моделей производной лексики в качестве средства систематизации дизайнерских терминов.Результаты исследования заключаются в определении основных групп терминов, относящихся к сфере дизайна, выделении наиболее продуктивных типов производной дизайнерской лексики, схем и словообразовательных моделей производных терминов дизайна. Делается основной вывод о том, что Инвариант словообразовательного типа может быть использован в качестве средства систематизации терминологической лексики в силу ее специфических свойств.Область применения результатов. Предложенный способ систематизации позволит проводить комплексный анализ родственных лингвистических явлений в образовании терминологический лексики.

WOOVER AS A CHARACTER OF MARI FOLK GAMES

The article deals with the traditional Mari games like catch-up, blind man's buff, hide and seek in which the catcher is called woover ‘witch, ghoul’. The material of other genres of folklore, in which the eponymous character acts, is the context for the analysis of games. The complexity and diversity of the image of the woover is revealed, especially in fairy tales and mythological stories. This is a witch, Baba Yaga, a stepmother-villain, an old glutton, a sorcerer, the soul of a sorcerer, a ghoul, a werewolf, a dead wizard-cannibal, a predator, an enemy, an evil spirit, a devil, the spirit (mother) of water, a comet, a meteorite, fire serpent, many-headed serpent monster etc. Parallels are revealed to the image of the woover in the game folklore of the Turkic and Finno-Ugric peoples of the Ural-Volga region: wupăr in Chuvash, ubyr in Tatar and Bashkir, ubir in Udmurt. Mari and Chuvash game culture and mythology are especially close. They form a single folklore space with common terminological vocabulary (mainly Turkic). In particular, the Mari and Chuvash games, expressing the mythological motive of eating the moon by the woover, are almost identical. The image of woover in the folklore of the Mari and other peoples of the Ural-Volga region is understood as a local implementation of the pan-Eurasian metaconcept ubir - upyr - vampire .

Peculiarities of the Perception of the Lexemes of the Semantic Group «Internal human organs» by Ordinary and Professional Linguistic Consciousness (based on the material of the lexeme heart)

There is psycholinguistic description of the lexeme heart as a component of the semantic group «Internal human organs» is providing in this article. The associative fields of the lexeme heart were formed on the basis of a free associative experiment. This associative experiment was conducted in two groups of respondents: the doctors, the group of students of a medical university, and students of the humanitarian faculties, who doesn’t have medical education. The specificities of the psycholinguistic significance were detected this lexeme in ordinary and professional language consciousness when associative fields, their core and periphery were comparing. The psycholinguistic significance of this lexeme in the two groups is different. The basic meanings, peripheral fields do not match. People who work in medical sphere gave the larger terminological medical vocabulary. It shows the professional awareness of this lexeme by specialists. Psycholinguistic meanings are compared with a generalized lexicographic description. The lexicographic meaning of the lexeme of the heart is wider than the psycholinguistic meaning during the approaches of convergence of the core of the semanthem in the vocabulary descriptions and the results of the experiment. The conclusion was made on the data about the features of the awareness of the lexeme of heart by ordinary and professional language consciousness.

Corpus software in EFL teaching: Examination of language exposure

Introduction. High-quality language education in technical universities requires its interdisciplinary relation to the content of highly specialised subjects corresponding to the training programmes aimed at instructing the future specialists. Educational materials in a foreign language are highly productive if they emphasise the terminology and professional vocabulary authentic to the current state of the scientific field.The aim of the study presented in the article was to assess the validity of the lexical material delivered in the course “English for Business Communication”, to determine the selection criteria for this vocabulary as well as the methods for its assimilation and practical application.Methodology and research methods. The applied corpus software enabled to obtain quantitative indicators of the distribution of foreign-language business vocabulary in the given training course. The lexical material being currently offered to students and the professional thesaurus identified via linguistic databases was compared with the use of comparative analysis and synthesis.Results and scientific novelty. The lexical units (terms, set expressions), which are the most active in the business sphere, were identified on the basis of its frequency. The authors established the correlation between them and educational vocabulary, both from the perspective of its integration into the course without block concentration throughout the course of university training, and from the perspective of the variety of methods used to practice this vocabulary. It is concluded that the applied educational material needs to be substantially adjusted. The vocabulary does not completely reflect the realities of the business communication sphere and the distribution of active vocational vocabulary regulated by methodological guidelines does not entirely contribute to its strong assimilation. According to the authors, the necessary changes to the approaches and methods for selecting and compiling lexical material and to the methodology for designing a foreign language course should be made on the basis of integrating pedagogical and linguistic knowledge, in particular, the methodology of teaching foreign languages and the corpus linguistics.Practical significance. The ways of integrating corpus programs in the process of developing the content of language disciplines, which are part of the main educational program of technical universities, are demonstrated as one of the methods to increase the effectiveness of teaching foreign languages to students of non-linguistic specialties.

З історії розвитку електронних словників: зарубіжний і вітчизняний досвід

The purpose of the article is to study the dynamics of electronic dictionaries development abroad and in Ukraine using methods of analysis of scientific sources, comparison, generalization and systematization. Electronic dictionaries have been found to be a relatively new phenomenon in the lexicographic market, evolving from machine-readable dictionaries, exact copies of paper editions to complex digital lexicographic systems with a powerful arsenal of functions over the decades. The stages of development of autonomous and online dictionaries are described. Electronic dictionaries due to the advanced search capabilities, speed, simplicity, ease of use, accessibility and compactness have gained popularity among a wide range of users. Today they are used in many spheres of human activity – scientific, educational, professional, everyday communication. However, the analysis of the current level of development of Ukrainian electronic resources indicates a shortage of electronic dictionaries both common and terminological vocabulary. The lack of electronic dictionaries is due to a number of objective problems, both practical and theoretical, that is why research in the field of domestic computer lexicography is a promising area of further research.

LATIN PHRASEOLOGICAL FUND AS A SOURCE OF DEVELOPING FUTURE PHYSICIANS’ LEXICAL COMPETENCE

The article reviews Latin proverbs and sayings, short quotes, statements of historical figures as a means of aphorism; it summarizes the importance of learning Latin aphorisms, quotes, proverbs and sayings and their corresponding equivalents in English and Ukrainian by medical students on Latin classes.
 According to historical conditions, Latin has lost its communicative function, but it has gained great historical and educational significance and has become an inexhaustible source of universal human culture and a link between antiquity and modernity. Learning Latin helps the deeper acquisition of knowledge from many specialties, and plays an important role in the artistic and aesthetic education of future physicians.
 Phraseological funds of many modern languages have been replenished by Latin and Greek aphorisms borrowed by new languages mainly through Latin. The Latin phraseological fund contains numerous proverbs and sayings borrowed by world’s languages in the translated form.
 Many Latin words were borrowed by Ukrainian, and it is not only the international terminological vocabulary used by scholars in various branches of knowledge but also everyday words (forum – форум (forum), colleague – колега (collega), professor – професор (professor), etc.).
 Latin is a basis of all medical terminology facilitating professional communication between languages. The study of Latin obviously helps future physicians to better understand and learn the medical terminology of Greek-Latin origin. Learning Latin not only introduces folk wisdom (learning of aphorisms, proverbs, and sayings), but also lays the foundations of scientific knowledge, promotes the formation of a professional language, which allows to carry out communicative tasks of medical staff.

Формирование анатомического терминологического словаря иностранных обучающихся при изучении русского языка как иностранного

The article considers specificity of terminological vocabulary assimilation by foreign students studying Russian as a foreign language. The authors reveal peculiarities of vocabulary work by the example of compound terms of the subject area “Anatomy”. Variable approaches to organizing foreign students’ language training promote the development of students’ speaking and lexical skills providing the required level of competence in Russian as a foreign language.

THE ROLE OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS IN LEGAL DISCOURSE

This article analyzes the abbreviations and acronyms characteristic of the legal language, the role of abbreviations in replenishing the vocabulary, their cognitive-derivational and social essence in legal vocabulary, linguistic and historical factors, as well as the influence of the Latin language on their appearance. At present, the acronym vocabulary is becoming an integral part of the vocabulary of modern terminology, since the modern stage of the development of science and technology requires more concise communication tools for nomination, and most of the new terms are cumbersome and inconvenient to use

ФОРМУВАННЯ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ-ІНОЗЕМЦІВ. ПРАКТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical heritage of linguists in the field of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. The problem of classification of exercises in Ukrainian for foreign students has been raised. The essence of the concept “exercise” is outlined, the basic approaches to the typology of exercises are defined and their role in the organization of the process of mastering of knowledge by students, providing of motivation of educational activity, activation of creative initiative are analyzed.The Ukrainian language for foreign citizens acts as a means of communication, communication with representatives of other nations. Knowledge of the Ukrainian language is one of the leading requirements of Ukrainian employers. In this regard, it is the university that is responsible for the training of a highly qualified specialist with a complex of linguistic knowledge, skills and competences.Teaching professional terminology in many cases involves the introduction of new lexical units in the process of reading special texts as carriers of information. In such a situation, the need to optimize the learning process of terminological vocabulary becomes apparent. From a methodological point of view, the process of perception of profile texts is complicated by the peculiarities of their semantic aspect – a significant concentration of special vocabulary, unknown or completely unknown to students.Studying the theoretical and practical legacy of the Methodists in teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language leads to the idea that the issues of typology of exercises were still one of the main issues of methodology, since it depends on the ultimate goal of learning – successful mastery of Ukrainian.The offered exercises serve the formation and development of cognitive universal educational actions, as well as successful mastering of knowledge, development of monologue speech and thinking of foreign students. They also create favorable conditions for identifying links between grammar and spelling material in the process of applying knowledge in new conditions: in the context of unusual formulation of the task, handling new language material, in conditions that require one’s own conclusion and generalization.