Telecommunications Revolution Research Articles

Digital Revolution in Telecommunications: Harnessing Advanced Electronics for Connectivity and Security

The "Digital Revolution in Telecommunications: Harnessing Advanced Electronics for Connectivity and Security" represents a critical exploration into the profound impact of advanced electronics on the contemporary telecommunications landscape. In this research paper, we navigate the intricate intersection of technology, connectivity, and security to uncover the transformative potential and challenges introduced by the digital revolution. Our investigation begins with an in-depth analysis of how advanced electronics, particularly digital signal processing and sophisticated modulation techniques, have become integral to enhancing connectivity in telecommunication networks. We explore the evolution from traditional communication systems to the era of 5G networks, emphasizing the role of digital electronics in achieving ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) for diverse applications. Security takes center stage as we delve into the cryptographic underpinnings within digital electronics, focusing on encryption protocols, key management, and secure transmission methodologies. This examination aims to unveil the mechanisms safeguarding data integrity and confidentiality in the interconnected digital realm. Furthermore, we address the emergent field of quantum communication and its potential to reshape secure telecommunications. The research scrutinizes the countermeasures developed within the domain of digital electronics to mitigate risks associated with quantum advancements, ensuring the robustness of future telecommunication infrastructures. As we traverse the landscape of the digital revolution in telecommunications, this paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the synergies between advanced electronics, connectivity, and security. The insights gleaned from this research contribute to the ongoing discourse on fortifying and advancing the technological foundations of our interconnected world.

Introduction: telecommunications revolution? Enduring problems and possible futures

The ongoing tension between the enduring problems that beset the telecommunications sector, and the potential economic and social benefits continually associated with these technologies is the point of departure for our Feature Topic, which reflects on the current state of telecommunications, while also casting a cautious eye forward. The articles in this Feature Topic outline ongoing challenges around connectivity as well as contestations over 5G rollouts and competing international visions. However, the articles are not solely defined by critique, and authors also take time to articulate a positive future for telecommunications, one more oriented towards the actual needs of citizens. Australia features prominently in these articles, but the section also offers a global perspective, with authors accounting for the Global South as well as developments across the Asia-Pacific.

Folklore in Social Networks (Using the Example of Twitter and Telegram)

Folklore is a very old phenomenon that has undergone great changes over the entire period of its existence. The telecommunications revolution has significantly changed our lives, and folklore has undergone the same changes, which has penetrated into the space of digital communications, social networks. This actualized the study of this topic in modern linguistic science. In accordance with the high relevance of this topic, folklore in social networks such as Twitter and Telegram became the object of the article's research. In the course of the work, general scientific methods of induction, deduction, synthesis, abstraction were used, as well as particular methods of linguistic research – descriptive method, typological method, method of formalization and method of logical comparison. Through the conducted research, it was found out that modern folklore has moved into the field of digital communications, where it has been actively developed, many new forms of folklore and channels for its dissemination have appeared. The results of the work can be used as a theoretical basis containing a systematic range of works on folklore, as well as as a basis for practical application when working in the field of Internet communications, public relations, mass media, journalism. Along with the development of society, language also develops, new forms of expression appear, thanks to the mass media it has become much easier to create and distribute them. Folklore is no exception in this sense – it has become one of the means of communication, expression of emotions to describe the current situation on the Internet, the pandemic is a vivid result of that. It has become the main theme of modern folklore since 2020.

Postal and Electrical Communications as a Subject of Scientific and Technical Partnership between the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc Countries in the 1960s – 1980s.

The article examines the aspects of the interstate scientific and technical cooperation between the “socialist commonwealth” countries in the field of postal and electrical communications in the post-war period. The basic platform for this partnership was the Organization for Socialist Countries Cooperation in the Field of Electric and Postal Communications (OSS) and the most significant, large-scale projects in the field of telegraph, telephone, postal and radio communications were implemented under its auspices. Later on, the CMEA Commission for Cooperation in the Field of Electrical and Postal Communications and, in part, the International Space Communications Organization “Intersputnik” joined in the OSS’ efforts. The communication infrastructures of the socialist commonwealth countries differed in their development stages, varying in size, scale and structure, their equipment and technologies complexes, and staffing and management policies. The effective use of the telecommunication system’s international segments was a common strategic task for the socialist bloc countries and, where possible, accommodated their national interests. It is emphasized that the rapid development of technologies, prompted by the scientific and technological revolution in telecommunications, brought to the fore the issues of efficient management and operation of the international segments of the socialist states’ national communication systems: the development of unified instructions, specifications, and methodological approaches; unified automation and billing of the international network, etc. At the same time, despite its importance as an infrastructural element of the economy, the communication system had not been placed on the list of priority areas of the interstate socio-economic cooperation.

Prediction of Smartphone Users in India using Trend Analysis Looking for Better Planning of E-waste

In India due to the telecom revolution, smartphone users are increasing rapidly. In each family we can seeat least one smartphone, in urban families now we can see smartphones are used by each family member. Invillages also we can see multiple smartphone users in a single-family. Due to internet speed and changingentertainment preferences, the number of smartphone users will increase in the future. Based on mobileusers, internet users, and other electronic items users we can be happy that India growing fast. But wecannot neglect that electronic items are harming human health and the environment badly. In India electronicwaste is increasing rapidly, in 2020 this E-Waste was 3.2 Million Ton, while in 2010 it was 0.4 Million Ton.In India, smartphone users in 2010 were 34 million, while in 2020 total number of smartphone users was748.32 Million. In this work looking for the impact of E-Waste on earth pollution and human health, aforecast model is developed to predict future smartphone users. Secondary data is analyzed and a polynomialequation is developed to predict future demand.

Economics of Nepalese Telecom Industry

This paper aims to investigate the economics of Nepalese telecom industry with special reference to Nepal Telecom. The study is undertaken with the objectives to analyze Nepal Telecom as the market leader, drive an aggressive pricing model and to explore reliable telecommunication service in Nepal and become the lowest cost provider. Telecommunication at present, is the transmission of information, voice or data per time and space through electronic device. Efficiency gains and cheaper phone calls are possible from telecommunications aggressive pricing and effective customer care. The telecommunications revolution has arrived to 21st century wireless communication with fiber to the home (FTTH), 4G and 5G. The overall telecommunication market is huge. Majority of market share is needed to become a market leader. Telecom management need to formulate effective plan to achieve the target within the period of five years. Fiber to the home (FTTH) service, which includes three in one as voice, internet and IPTV has been expanded within 62 districts. Nepal Telecom has been able to expand 4G network in all 77 districts of the country with the wide coverage of 654 local bodies and 85% of the total population. FTTH is an important project as it supports the fifth-generation mobile internet (5G) which is coming to Nepal in the near future.

Dynamics of a new class of solitary wave structures in telecommunications systems via a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear transmission line

The telecommunications revolution finds its foundation thanks to new service offerings including voice, images, security of computer data and much more. Thereby, telecommunications can be defined as the transmission of information at a distance using electronic, computer, wired, optical or electromagnetic technologies. At an expense of these characteristics, this paper explores the dynamics of various travelingwaves, through telecommunications systems. In this perspective, we use a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear transmission line equation, by solving it analytically using a novel developed techniques: The improved Sardar-subequation. As a result, we discover several novel voltage characteristics such as bright, trigonometric, exponential and dark function solutions. Using certain appropriate values, we provide several different surfaces of the solutions produced in this work. These findings will be essential in the telecommunications system used to represent wave propagations.

A novel design of a reconfigurable power divider with stubs for mobile applications

<p><span>Nowadays, the world knows a huge revolution in telecommunications, which has led to the need to integrate many services, such as long-term evolution (LTE), 5G, wireless local area network (WLAN), and Bluetooth, in one receiving and transmitting device. In the same way, all active and passive microwave circuits must be compatible with the integration of services, including the power divider, which is the subject of our work. This passive component is used in several fields such as medicine, surveillance, radar systems and others applications. Wilkinson divider is one of the most prominent power dividers, it is classified as narrow-band power divider and it is a very useful component in mobile applications (2.4 and 5.8 GHz). In this work, a reconfigurable 4-ports Wilkinson divider is designed using PIN diodes and simulated using connected speech test (CST) simulator software. This designed divider can easily modify the operation mode by activating or disabling the PIN diodes.</span></p>

Alternative Learning and Assessment Module for Educational Institutions Subsequent COVID-19 Pandemic

The study proposes an alternative guide for conducting Application Based Exams (ABE) for end of term exams in institutions of higher learning subsequent COVID-19 pandemic and its ripple effect. The objective of ABE is to endorse unceasing convenient learning and assessment as well as surety of inflow of capital for the day to day operation of educational institutions. The IT revolution and steady advancement in telecommunications have brought about sweeping and multifaceted changes; leading to automation and digitization of learning. Further the proliferation of web-based technology and the internet have made online learning possible in the recent years. This has also led to booming of technology entrepreneurs in recent years. The study aims at proposing the ABE as an alternative learning and assessment module for institutions subsequent COVID-19 pandemic and its execution or implementation using modern technological tools like Learning Management Systems. The study identifies that there has been a big shift in learning in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic which makes technological collaborations and IT an inevitable tool in the entire process of delivering and enhancing the pace of learning. Again, the ABE module has been designed to serve as a medium for educational institutions to continue its operations in the event of pandemics. By way of recommendation, the applicability of the module for conducting end of term assessments in educational institutions has to be strengthened through various trials in order to improve its performance. Keywords: COVID-19, Technology Entrepreneurs, E-Learning, Education, Learning Management System.

How mixed ownership affects decision making in turbulent times: Evidence from the digital revolution in telecommunications

This study examines how the ownership structure of corporations shapes their responses to discontinuous technological change. We analyze whether mixed ownership, a situation where following privatization a company's shares are held both privately and by the government, is associated with less innovation in response to discontinuous technological change. We argue that mixed ownership is associated with governance conflicts that affect a company's ability to respond to the challenges posed by discontinuous technological change. Our empirical analysis uses data on European telecommunications operators for the period 2000–2016 when they faced sweeping technological change due to the advent of Internet-based communication services. Our baseline result suggests that operators with mixed ownership file around 70% fewer patents in relevant digital technologies than companies that are fully private or where the government owns a majority of shares. We find that mixed ownership also affects negatively the acquisition of externally developed technology.

How Mixed Ownership Affects Decision Making in Turbulent Times: Evidence From the Digital Revolution in Telecommunications

This study examines how the ownership structure of corporations shapes their responses to technological change. We predict that mixed ownership, a situation in which, following privatization, the shares of a company are partly privately held and partly held by the government, is associated with lower responsiveness to technological change. We theorize that the top management of corporations with mixed ownership is exposed to conflicting views regarding how companies should address the challenges posed by technological change, thereby making them more likely to maintain the status quo. In addition, we argue that mixed ownership is particularly problematic when firms attempt to integrate extramural technology to manage technological transformation. Our data on European telecommunications operators that had to adapt to the advent of Internet-based communication services support our predictions.

Размышления о Великой трансформации в условиях турбулентности

The present article attempts to identify and analyze the complex of those large-scale and profound shifts that have taken place in the most important spheres of public life on a global scale over the past three to four decades (late 20th – early 21st century). Based on the analysis of these and other related trends and processes, it is concluded that the modern world has entered a qualitatively new stage in its development, its radical transformation. The meaning and purpose of this transformation consist in reassessing all the values of democracy, human rights and freedoms, their systemic characteristics, place and role in a modern rapidly changing world, reshaping the paradigm foundations of world outlook, world order and life organization of the modern world. The main focus is on those tectonic shifts that have occurred in the basic infrastructures of the modern world in the last three to four decades in the context of globalization and the information and telecommunication revolution. It has been shown that the revolutions generated by these shifts in the most important spheres of social life erode the very foundations of the modern Western civilization. Thus, the thesis is substantiated that we are witnessing a deep existential change, which is possibly surpassing in its consequences the transition from paganism to new world religions, or the so-called “Great Transformation” – the transition from the Middle Ages to a rationalistic capitalist civilization of the Euro-Atlantic world. These tectonic transformations are viewed through the prism of the axial time theory, the essence of which is to reappraise all the values that have prevailed in the Western capitalist industrial civilization up to the present day. The information and telecommunication revolution has created the conditions for the onset of the twilight of the liberal/unipolar world order and for the formation of foundations of a new polycentric world order.

Firm ownership and size versus innovation activities over the business cycle: near-zero inertia as a sign of the transition from the fifth to the sixth Kondratieff wave

Research background: The innovation activity of Polish industrial processing enterprises is examined in a broader time context than typical business cycle frames, which makes it possible to look at the investigated problems from the perspective of Kondratieff waves.
 Purpose of the article: The aim of the research is to describe the combined effect of mutual interactions between the ownership and size of Polish industrial processing enterprises on the goals of innovative activity and their degree of importance for the further development of the innovativeness of those firms. These relations are examined in various phases of the business cycle. Additionally, taking secular changes into account made it possible to lend credence to the claim that the global financial crisis is a typical phenomenon for the breakthrough period between two Kondratieff waves.
 Methods: A characteristic feature of the applied method is the focus on the combined effect of the enterprise type and ownership structure on firms? innovation over three periods: prosperity 2004?2006, crisis 2008?2010 and recovery 2012?2014. As regards statistical techniques, the Pearson?s ?^2 independence test and correspondence analysis were applied. The results of the research are presented in a graphic form in three- and two-dimensional correspondence maps, which indicate the co-occurrence of (1) ownership sectors and enterprise types taken together, and (2) effects (goals) of the innovative activity of enterprises, together with the degree of their influence (importance) for further innovative activity. Mutual interactions between ownership sectors and enterprise types were visually analysed, indicating significant features of the triangles representing them.
 Findings & Value added: A significant combined effect of the ownership sectors and enterprise types on firms? innovative activity was found. There was a certain type of dynamic equilibrium between those variables, which changes depending on the business cycle phase. In the global financial crisis of 2008?2010, a surprising phenomenon was found, consisting of the growth of innovative activity in most enterprises as compared to the period of prosperity in 2004?2006. The enterprises achieved the goals assumed, and the degree of their importance proved the significant influence on further innovative activity of those firms. Additionally, it was demonstrated that in the period of recovery (2012?2014) mutual interactions between ownership and size eliminated the relationship between those variables and the goals of innovative activity, and eco-innovations proved to be directly subordinated to traditional types of innovations, mainly product and process innovations. Changes occurring in the last of the examined periods are related to the near-zero inertia of the entire industrial processing section, which allows to interpret the global financial crisis as a typical phenomenon for a breakthrough marking the end of one Kondratieff wave and the beginning of the next. Moreover, 2015 is identified as the year of breakthrough, ending the Fifth and beginning the Sixth Kondratieff Wave, which was related to the transition from the information and telecommunications revolution to the biomedical-hydrogen revolution. The calculations presented in this paper are consistent with those forecasts.

An Appraisal of the Implication of Mobile Telecommunication Revolutions on Nigeria’s Young Population: A Study of Students of Higher Education Institutions in Edo State, Nigeria

Telecommunications revolution is affecting every segment of the lives of Nigerians of all ages as it has unarguably become a device in use by almost all and sundry, especially young people at the secondary and higher education institutions. This study investigated the effect of continuous and excessive use of mobile phone technology among university undergraduates, on social interaction, academic performance and moral behaviour in Benin-City, Nigeria. Needless to say, the Nigerian communication has been changed in many ways through the use of mobile phone. Many changes have been noticed in socio-economic and health related area. Many types of views are there regarding the increased use of mobile phones among Nigerian young people especially students studying undergraduate degree. 120 respondents have been randomly selected from three universities: University of Benin, Benson Idahosa University and Wellspring University all located in Benin-City. Data were being collected from 120 samples through a structured data collection tool. Using Pearson Correlation coefficient on a two-tailed test with SPSS version 20, the study found that Mobile phone communication offers an effective means of bringing good interactive services to the users especially university undergraduates. However, the implications on the moral and academic lives of the students are overwhelming. Apart from distracting students from concentrating on their studies, the students are exposed to various internet sites that lower the expected moral rectitude. In general, it is recommended that the use of mobile phone be restricted and censor by the university so that they are not carried away by social and moral vices that could negatively affect their lives both now and in future.

ICTs in Agricultural Practices: Hopes, Utopias and Contradictions

The findings from some research studies conducted to ascertain the factors affecting the adoption of Information and Communication technologies for farming decisions suggest that the ICTs might just live up to the expectation of being the harbinger of agricultural growth and better life chances for rural farmers. In the given study, through a series of interviews conducted in the given setting, I have tried to map how ICT resources are perceived in a setting where there is no targeted privately or state run ICT initiative. The case of initiatives which involve deployment of ICTs in monitored settings like the Gyandoot project, run in Dhar by the government of the state of Madhya Pradesh in India or the E-choupal Project run by Indian Tobacco Company (ITC), again in Dhar, has been elaborated upon in various studies. In monitored projects, usually a specific crop is targeted (for example soybean in case of e-choupals). Here, ICTs are used to assist specialized supply chain management. However, in the case of my study, I have tried to look at the penetration of ICTs in the workflow of a sample of farmers, selected randomly from a given village located in one of the districts, in the state of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. The rationale for the sampling is to assess the diffusion, penetration and implementation of ICTs and the spillover effects (if any) of the telecommunication revolution in India. Agriculture extension and information dissemination in India is governed by the agricultural extension arm of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research is referred to as ‘Krishi Vigyan Kendras’. These centers dispense extension services at the district level and are managed by the State Agricultural Universities. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra in Gorakhpur is affiliated to Acharya Narendra Dev Agricultural University, Faizabad district and is situated at Belipar, Gorakhpur. Through my study, I have tried to study the role of ICT tools such as mobile phones, radios and television in assisting the district level extension services.

Internationalisation of the Indian telecommunication industry (1947–2004): A firm-level perspective

While the importance of the telecom revolution in India has been recognised, little attention has been paid to the diverse international influences at the firm level. This article addresses this gap by developing a firm-level framework, drawing on the resource-based view, institution-based view and the knowledge-based view of the firm, and by drawing on data related to the various foreign firms’ entry strategies during the pre-liberalisation period (1980–1991) and the liberalisation period (1991–). The article demonstrates that the two periods required foreign firms to have different capabilities to enter the Indian telecom industry. The article also sheds light on the international knowledge-transfer process in the Indian telecommunications industry with a specific focus on the differences between different foreign-country firms.

Essay on the Phenomenon of the Totalization of War

A world free from wars and bloody conflicts was the ideal preached at all times by the best minds of mankind. But man fought in the extreme antiquity, he continues to fight in our days and, apparently, will fight while there are human communities. Representations of the types and nature of wars and armies, defense systems, means and methods of force corresponding to changing realities developed, but at all times human communities in various forms and hypostases did not consider the peace to be a supreme good. In many respects the history of mankind itself appears as an uninterrupted series of wars of tribes, peoples, nations, empires, clans, parties, etc. Some tried to subjugate foreign countries and peoples; others thirsted for military glory, while thirds considered it better to die standing, than to live on their knees. In any case, the justifications for wars always found the most convincing, since man, judging by his deeds, acted as if subconsciously guided by the Mephistophelian maxim - there is nothing in the world that is worth pity. It is also not accidental that from the earliest times skeptics never ceased to assert that homo homini lupus est , that is, man is a wolf to man. And from this formula followed another, no less well-known postulate - bellum omnium contra omnes , i.e. war of all against all. However, this is only one side of the history of mankind. The other side is that the state of an absolute, endless war of all against all would be fraught with the prospect of mutual extermination of countries and peoples. The antithesis of war is peace, every war ends in peace, and different tribes, peoples, human societies, and states from the very beginning sought some kind of modus vivendi, as well as the generally accepted and respected norms and rules that ensure it. In the present article, the author analyzes the causes and forms of the totalization of the war for the last century, especially in the context of global trends - globalization, the information and telecommunication revolution.

Telecommunications in the Porfirian Era [Porfiriato

Communications in the Porfirian era immediately brings to mind the railroads that contributed to bringing Mexico into the modern world, leaving behind the burdens of colonial times and the internal fighting of the nineteenth century. However, there is little information and research on telecommunications during the Porfirian era or Porfiriato although it is precisely at this time when the first telecommunication revolution takes place in Mexico. As the foundations of telecommunications in Mexico are established during the Porfiriato, this articles presents a snapshot of the general situation at the beginning of Porfirio Diaz’s regime, as well as the bases for regulating telegraph and telephone services. All this data will provide the context needed to address the specific and different aspects of telegraphy, telephony and radiotelegraphy discussed in this article.

The 5th International Conference on Science & Engineering in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics 2017 (ScieTech 2017), The Ramada Bintang Hotel, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia 21 - 22 January 2017

The 5th International Conference on Science & Engineering in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics 2017 (ScieTech 2017), The Ramada Bintang Hotel, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia 21 - 22 January 2017

ICT as Alternative Model for Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: An Appraisal of the Telecom Revolution

The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of ICT, particularly, the telecommunications revolution on poverty reduction in Nigeria. Using historical approach spiced with empirical observation, the paper argues that previous poverty reduction initiatives adopted by successive governments in Nigeria failed to yield the desired result because the ICT was neglected as a critical and strategic component. The paper contends that with the massive impact of the telecom revolution on the Nigerian economy as well as its remarkable contributions to poverty reduction in terms of employment generation and creation of value chains within a relatively short-time frame in Nigeria, the ICT appears to offer more viable and sustainable option to poverty reduction than previous approach. The paper concludes that to sustain the gains of the telecom revolution in Nigeria particularly in the face of increasing globalization, there must be concerted efforts by the government, development partners and indeed all stakeholders to deploy the use of ICT in all sectors of the national economy in order to enhance productivity and reduce poverty.