Teenage Mothers Research Articles

Contextualizing High Teenage Pregnancies and Its Effects on Education in Mt. Elgon Area, Kenya

The obstacles to the developmental milestones of young girls in Mount Elgon Sub-County can be seen from the rate at which the girls are dropping out of school due to early pregnancies, early marriages, sexually transmitted diseases, and the stigma associated with them. This study sought to understand the status of, causes, and effects of teenage pregnancy on education in the Mt. Elgon area, Kenya. This was an exploratory qualitative study based on snow bawling and a sample saturation approach. It involved in-depth interviews among twelve (12) affected households including interviews with eight (8) teenage mothers, three (3) teachers, two (2) school principals, and nine (9) local community gatekeepers/leaders. Findings indicate that teenage pregnancy is a rampant and common problem in Mt. Elgon. However, it is more acute in areas that bore the brunt of ethnic conflicts in the region. Teenage pregnancy and early marriages are partly responsible for the low enrolment of girls in schools across Mt. Elgon. According to the respondents, it all started in 1992 with the tribal clashes and subsequent cyclic conflicts with the most notable being the 2006/8 conflict in Mt. Elgon. The conflicts disintegrated and dislocated many families, a factor that compromised the ability of many households to get means of subsistence. After the conflict, the Government responded by constructing settlements for the returnees whose sizes turned out to be very small and non-conducive dwelling units for parents and their adolescent children. Several parents are forced to send their adolescent children to spend the night at neighbours, a factor that exposes such young girls to sexual abuse and early pregnancies. Teenage pregnancy has greatly affected girl child education as those pregnant are often married off early by their parents. The study recommends that efforts be made to address the impacts of the conflicts in Mt. Elgon. Poor parents should be supported by the government to build simple but spacious houses to provide ample sleeping space for their children. Advocacy campaigns promoting the education of girls should be launched. Rescue centres should be established to support teenage mothers in with technical skills and those willing to continue with their formal education are supported to do so.

Exploring the Dilemmas, Challenges, and Opportunities of Adolescent Fatherhood: An Exploratory Case Study.

Teenage pregnancy is a significant concern for society, and the effect on education is immense. In South Africa, policies were thus introduced allowing pregnant school-going children to continue attending class until the baby's birth. However, research on adolescent pregnancy generally ignores teenage fathers and focuses mostly on teenage mothers. Parents of teenage girls are also encouraged to offer support to their children, but the same cannot be said about adolescent fathers. They confront numerous barriers in fulfilling their parenting roles. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted to explore adolescent fathers' dilemmas, challenges, and opportunities. Interviews were conducted to collect data from 5 adolescent fathers in 1 township in South Africa. Findings indicate that adolescent fathers face various challenges and experience fatherhood differently. The phenomenon's effects on education are immense and unavoidable, yet some opportunities accompany the fathering role. Adolescent fathers are exposed to several complex situations that impact their lives. To understand these, further research studies into adolescent fatherhood still need to be conducted, and reproductive health education efforts should equally be directed toward empowering boys to the same extent as girls.

Perception of Risk Behaviors and Its Relationship with Level of Religiosity among Teenagers' Mothers

Empirical evidence links parents' attitudes, perceptions, and behavior with their children's functioning and involvement in risky behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to examine the perceptions of Israeli mothers towards risk behaviors and their willingness to accept risk behaviors in their children, while also looking at the connection of these behaviors to the mothers and the children’s level of religiosity. Quantitative questionnaires were given to 284 mothers of teenagers aged 13–18 – 141 secular mothers and 143 religious mothers. The findings revealed that the mothers' willingness to accept risk behaviors by their children was more rigid than their general perception of risk behaviors and was related to the assessment of their child's risk. The assessment of the child's risk level was found to be related to their level of religiosity in the mother’s eyes. In addition, religious mothers were found to demonstrate a more rigid stance towards risky behaviors than secular mothers. However, no differences were found between religious and secular mothers in the willingness to accept their children's risk behaviors. The research and applied importance of the findings is discussed.

Determinants of low birth weight in the health district of Bounkiling in Senegal

Aim: Low birth weight (LBW), 9.1 million deaths per year, is a global health issue. The proportion of LBW in Senegal is estimated at 12% (in 2017) and is at 11.7% (in 2017) in the region of Sedhiou. In this regard, rigorous management is required to address this issue, especially in rural areas. The objective of the study was to identify the determinants of LBW.Methodology: This is a case-control study which has been conducted in the district of Bounkiling. Socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers, their obstetrical and medical history, and information on the health status of the newborn in the case group were compared with that of the controls. Bivariate and multivariate analyses are performed using Epi info 7 software to identify the determinants.Results: Low-weights accounted for 97.05% of LBW. The sex ratio was 0.87 in favor of girls. The Apgar score at birth was not good for 31.4% of newborns. Teenage mothers accounted for 17.08%. The multivariate analysis showed that the determinants of LBW (p < 0.05) were the female sex of the newborn, the Apgar score at birth, the maternal age <=19 years, the household income < 83.96 USD, maternal history of low birth weight and physical labor during pregnancy. Conclusion: Strengthening communication on early marriages and pregnancies, empowering women and improving pregnancy monitoring would be levers to counter the determinants of low birth weight.

Secondary school re-entry programme of teenage mothers: views of stakeholders in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Increasing access to education through the re-entry policy for girls after school pregnancy could be seen in terms of bringing about social justice and equity in education, especially in developing countries, and enabling them to realise its benefits. This strong international and philosophical commitment is different from the traditional view of education as preparation for life roles. Therefore, implementing it in the African context might be expected to raise several problems, possibly resulting in a lack of commitment on the ground. The purpose of this study was to assess the views of stakeholders on the re-entry programme of teenage mothers into secondary schools in Unguja Urban-West district, Tanzania. The study used a mixed method approach and convergent mixed methods design. The study used a sample size of 160 participants, including teachers and parents. The findings revealed that stakeholders were sceptical of the success of this policy. Teenage mothers do not have enough time to complete their homework and to study at home because their relatives who take care of the babies want to be free of child chores the moment they are back at home. The babies also want attention from their mothers when they return from school. For effective implementation of school re-entry programme among teenage mother, schools should create an enabling learning environment that accommodates both the needs of teenage mothers and their children.

Modern features of fertility in lowand middle-income countries, including in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

The main issues in the problem of fertility in countries with low and middle incomes of the population are the high prevalence of complications and maternal deaths during childbirth, as well as the high incidence of such indicators of the birth of an infant with low growth and weight indicators for their gestational age, malnutrition of pregnant women and mothers, frequent abortions, short intervals between births due to the educational status of the mother and the financial wealth of households, high prevalence of teenage motherhood, low availability of cesarean section, high cost of educating children as a factor in fertility. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on fertility in low- and middle-income countries has been most pronounced due to disruptions in the health care system, a surge in domestic violence, teenage pregnancy and female genital mutilation.

A Repeated Teenage Pregnancy in Southernmost of Thailand

A teenager pregnancy is a complex problem arisen in many countries, particularly in developing countries including Thailand. A more severe problem is found in a repeat teen pregnancy defined as a 2nd or more successful pregnancy for a teenage mother before the age of 20. Pattani, one of the poorest provinces in Thailand, has experienced a decreased pregnancy rate in teenagers, but the rate of repeat teen pregnancy has shown an increasing trend. This study is aimed to investigate factors associated with teenage repeat pregnancy in the province. The data between year 2016 and 2018 were retrieved from the Pattani Provincial Health Office and the number of samples is 2,259 observations. Chi-squared test and logistic regression were employed to investigate the factors related to teenage repeat pregnancy. The results show that 406 (18.0 %) cases are a repeat pregnancy. The majority of the samples are Muslim (91.2%) with 19 years old (36.9%) and 87.1 percent are not at school after finishing the primary school. Most of them had an intended pregnancy (88.6%), and 56 percent of the sample had a previous sex education, while 89.2% and 59.8% of them used a contraceptive before getting pregnant and after giving birth, respectively. The association analysis with logistic regression reveals that the factors related to a repeat teen pregnancy significant p-value less than 0.05 are age, religion, districts, contraceptive use and having a counselling after delivery.

Knowledge of obstetric fistula and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in Northwestern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundObstetric fistula has been a major maternal health challenges in low and middle-income countries, especially in Ethiopia, due to high child marriage and poor access to healthcare. Obstetric fistula is common among teenage mothers that results in a vast social, economic and cultural sequel. In Ethiopia, there is a paucity of research evidence on women’s knowledge about obstetric fistula. Therefore, this study aimed to assess women’s knowledge about obstetric fistula and its associated factors at Banja District, Northwestern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from 1st -21th July 2021. Systematic sampling method was used to recruit 784 women in the reproductive age from six rural and one urban sub-districts. Two days of training was given to research assistants regarding the objective of the study, inclusion and exclusion criteria, checking completeness and ways of protecting confidentiality. Data were collected using face-to-face interview method. Collected data were entered into EpiData and exported into SPSS version 24 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to identify associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% CI with p < 0.05 was used to declare significant association with women’s knowledge of obstetric fistula.ResultsA total of 773 women gave a complete response with response rate of 98.6% (773/784). One-third (36.4%; 95%CI: 32.9-39.7%) had good knowledge about obstetric fistula. Women who had completed primary education (AOR:3.47, 95%CI:2.01–5.98), secondary and above (AOR:3.30, 95%CI:1.88–5.80), being a student (AOR: 6.78, 95%CI:3.88–11.86), get counseling about obstetric fistula (AOR:6.22, 95%CI: 3.78–10.24), participated in pregnant women’s discussion forum (AOR:3.36, 95%CI: 1.99–5.66), had antenatal care follow-up (AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.39–4.13), being an urban resident (AOR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.33–7.66), and having access to Television/Radio (AOR:1.68, 95%CI:1.10–2.60) were significantly associated with women’s good knowledge about obstetric fistula.ConclusionWomen’s knowledge about obstetric fistula is unacceptably low. Therefore, concerned stakeholders should enhance awareness creation programs, strengthen antenatal care, counselling and women’s discussion forum that could substantially optimize women’s knowledge about obstetric fistula and its risk factors of obstetric fistula.

Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Among Adolescent Mothers: A Quality Improvement Study.

The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) was found to be low among adolescent postnatal mothers. EIBF is associated with improved parenting skills and better neurodevelopment in babies. We aimed to improve the prevalence of EIBF among teenage mothers to at least 90% through a quality improvement (QI) initiative. It was a QI intervention conducted over a period of 15 months involving mothers under the age of 20 years at the time of present delivery. Six Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles consisting of multiple interventions, each lasting for one month, were conducted to improve the prevalence of EIBF. Rate of improvement in EIBF was noted and plotted against time. Post-intervention follow-ups of observations were done for six months. The prevalence of EIBF among adolescent mothers was 28.5% during the pre-intervention baseline phase. QI team meeting was held and the barriers to EIBF among the adolescent mothers were discussed and depicted in the form of a fish-bone analysis model. The prevalence of EIBF increased during each intervention cycle to 50%, 60%, 62.5%, 72.7%, 88%, and 100%. At the end of six months follow-up phase, the prevalence of EIBF sustained at around 100%. This QI initiative has proven to be effective in improving the prevalence of EIBF with simple but effective measures. Adolescent women comprise ofa vulnerable sub-population of high-risk mothers. Proper counseling and respectful maternity care will help them face the challenges of motherhood boldly.

Consequences of Teenage Childbearing on Child Outcomes in the United States

AbstractChildren of teen mothers have worse academic, labor market, and behavioral outcomes in the United States, but it is not clear whether these poor outcomes are caused by having a young mother or driven by selection into teen motherhood. Understanding the reasoning behind poor child outcomes is important for designing effective policies to improve child trajectories. Simple correlations using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and the NLSY79 Children and Young Adults (NLSY79CY) confirm that outcomes for children of teenage mothers are worse relative to children of older mothers. These negative relationships persist after controlling for background variables or including family fixed effects, though the magnitudes are attenuated. However, these approaches fail to fully account for selection into teen motherhood. To overcome selection, I employ an empirical strategy that relies on miscarriages to put bounds on the causal effects of teen childbearing. These bounds show that teen childbearing among mothers who choose to give birth does not cause adverse outcomes for children.

Teenage pregnancy and timing of first marriage in Cameroon-What has changed over the last three decades, and what are the implications?

The consequences of teenage childbearing on the health of mothers and children, and on girls' schooling have been documented in many studies. The objectives of this study are to: 1) examine trends and differentials in teenage motherhood in Cameroon, with a distinction between premarital and marital teenage pregnancy; and 2) investigate trends and differentials in the length of time to marriage following a premarital teenage pregnancy. We use data from five demographic and health surveys (DHS) conducted in Cameroon between 1991 and 2018. Teenage pregnancy, defined as first pregnancy occurring before the age of 20 years, is recode as a trichotomous variable (0 = No teenage pregnancy; 1 = marital teenage pregnancy; 2 = premarital teenage pregnancy). Time from first premarital teenage pregnancy to first marriage is analyzed as a continuous variable. The percentage of women who experienced a marital teenage pregnancy declined from 39.6% to 26.4% between 1991 and 2018. After an initial drop between 1991 and 2004, premarital teenage pregnancy stabilized at about 25%. Women with intermediate levels of schooling were more likely to experience a premarital pregnancy than those with no schooling or higher secondary/tertiary education. The median length of time to first marriage following a premarital teenage pregnancy rose from 16 months in 1991 to 45 months in 2018. Further analysis suggests that marriage may be a more severe barrier to continued schooling than motherhood and that the desire to continue schooling is an important reason for postponing marriage for women who have given birth. Besides strengthening interventions to curb adolescent pregnancy, efforts should be made to support families, communities and schools to help adolescent mothers return to school, prevent future unintended pregnancies, and delay further family formation. Accessibility to youth-friendly FP/RH services should be addressed.

Consequences of Teenage Childbearing on Child Outcomes in the United States

Children of teen mothers have worse academic, labor market, and behavioral outcomes in the United States, but it is not clear whether these poor outcomes are caused by having a young mother or driven by selection into teen motherhood. Understanding the reasoning behind poor child outcomes is important for designing effective policies to improve child trajectories. Simple correlations using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and the NLSY79 Children and Young Adults (NLSY79CY) confirm that outcomes for children of teenage mothers are worse relative to children of older mothers. These negative relationships persist after controlling for background variables or including family fixed effects, though the magnitudes are attenuated. However, these approaches fail to fully account for selection into teen motherhood. To overcome selection, I employ an empirical strategy that relies on miscarriages to put bounds on the causal effects of teen childbearing. These bounds show that teen childbearing among mothers who choose to give birth does not cause adverse outcomes for children.

Improvement in dietary diversity and feeding habits of malnourished under-five children attending supplementary feeding programmmes: a community-based cross-sectional study in Zambia

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 390 under-five malnourished children enrolled in the Rainbow Project supplementary feeding programmmes-SFPs. Dietary diversity, feeding habits and nutritional status at admission (T1) and at discharge (T2) were compared. At T1 the diet was monotonous and unbalanced, with a progressive decline in dietary diversity and anthropometric values noted with children’s age growth (p < 0.001). Significant improvements were registered at T2: DDS 5.1 ± 1.1 SD vs. 8.3 ± 1.0 SD; meal frequency 3.0 ± 0.6 SD vs. 4.9 ± 0.2 SD; animal-protein consumed 62.8% vs. 90.5%; drinking water treated 41.0% vs. 97.2%. At T1, the risk of having ZMUAC < 2.5SD increased when teenage motherhood (AOR: 5.3; CI: 1.8–15.2; p = 0.002), followed by children’s age >2 years (AOR: 1.9; CI: 1.1–3.5; p = 0.020). Children’s age was associated with an increased risk of WAZ < 2.5 SD (AOR: 4.9; CI: 2.4–10.4; p < 0.001). When considering inadequate DDS, the variable associated was breastfeeding cessation (AOR: 12.0; CI: 4.6–31.4; p < 0.001). Rainbow’s SFPs have proved effective in treating under-five malnourished children, irrespective of the severity of malnutrition.

Non-booking for antenatal care and risks for vertical HIV transmission among women in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe success of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs dependents on pregnant women accessing antenatal care (ANC) services. Failure to access ANC throughout the course of pregnancy presents a missed opportunity to fully utilize PMTCT services and a high risk for vertical HIV transmission. Whilst not booking for ANC was about 6% in Zimbabwe, according to the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey, it is important to determine the local burden of pregnant women both un-booked for ANC and living with HIV. in Chitungwiza city, to inform local response. This study aimed at determining the proportion of women un-booked for antenatal care and among them, the proportion of women who were with HIV and to identify risk factors associated with not-booking for ANC in Chitungwiza city in Zimbabwe.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving a review of clinic records for 4400 women who received postnatal care at all 4 maternity clinics in Chitungwiza city between 01 January 2017 and 31 December 2017. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis with Chi squared test were used to determine risk factors associated with booking status while adjusting for other study variables. All statistics tests’ decisions were concluded at 5% level of significance. All data analysis was performed using STATA (version 13) statistical package.ResultsA total of 4400 women were attended to and of these, 19% were un-booked for ANC, while a total of 3% of the women were both un-booked and living with HIV. The women with HIV were 0.24 times less likely to book for ANC than HIV negative women, adjusted OR = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61–0.98). Women aged 20–34 years were 1.3 times more likely to book than the teenagers, adjusted OR = 1.3 (95% CI: 1.04–1.62).ConclusionThe proportion of women not booked for ANC of 19% was unexpectedly high. With 3% of pregnant women in Chitungwiza having both HIV and no access to ANC, the risk for vertical HIV transmission remains. More need to be done to improve ANC access, targeting teenage mothers and those living with HIV who are more less likely to access ANC.

Hormonal Contraceptive Use and Risk of Depression Among Young Women With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Women with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have an increased risk of becoming teenage mothers. Adverse effects of hormonal contraception (HC), including depression, may affect adherence to user-dependent contraception and increase the risk for unplanned pregnancies and teenage births in women with ADHD. The current study analyzed whether girls and young women with ADHD are at increased risk for depression during HC use compared with women without ADHD. A linkage of Swedish national registers covering 29,767 girls and young women with ADHD aged 15 to 24 years and 763,146 without ADHD provided measures of ADHD and depression diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases [ICD] code) and prescription of stimulant medication, HC, and antidepressant medication (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical [ATC] code). Cox regression models applying an interaction term (ADHD diagnosis× HC use) evaluated the excess risk of HC-induced depression in women with ADHD. Women with ADHD had a 3-fold higher risk of developing depression, irrespective of HC use (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]= 3.69, 95% CI= 3.60-3.78). Oral combined HC users with ADHD had a 5 times higher risk of depression compared with women without ADHD who were not using oral combined HC (aHR= 5.19, 95% CI= 4.94-5.47), and a 6 times higher risk in comparison with women without ADHD who were on oral combined HC (aHR= 6.10 (95% CI= 5.79-6.43). The corresponding risk of depression in women with ADHD who used a progestogen-only pill (aHR= 5.00, 95% CI= 4.56-5.49). The risk of developing depression when using non-oral HC was similarly moderately increased in both groups. Girls and young women with ADHD have an increased risk of developing depression when using oral HC compared with their unaffected peers. Information on risks with HCs as well as potential benefits with long-acting reversible contraceptives needs to be an integrated part of the shared decision making and contraception counseling for young women with ADHD.

Protective measures feasibility for infants of low-income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers: A prospective multicentre cohort study.

The aim was to evaluate the feasibility of protective measures for infants of low-income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeeding mothers with SARS-CoV-2 positive should avoid exposing the infant through protective measures (PM), but it could be challenging in a low-income population. A prospective, multicentre study was conducted between July and October 2020 (BRACOVID). The participants were recruited at birth and interviewed through a structured questionnaire at 7 and 14 days in the home environment. The feasibility of PM during breastfeeding at home was defined by guidelines recommendations (mask using, handwashing, and distancing from newborn when not breastfeeding). Three groups according to the feasibility of guidelines: complete guidelines feasibility (CG): all PM; partial guidelines feasibility (PG): at least one PM feasible; no guidelines (NG): infeasibility to all of PM. Flu-like neonatal symptoms and breastfeeding practices were analyzed. We evaluated the association between PM feasibility and socioeconomic factors. One hundred seventeen infected mothers from 17 Brazilian hospitals were enrolled. Forty-seven (40%) mothers followed all recommendations, 14 (11.9%) could not practice at least one recommendation, and 50 (42.7%) did not execute any of them. The breastfeeding rate was 98%. Factors associated with infeasibility were monthly family income <92.7 dollars/person, high housing density (>1 inhabitant/room), teenage mothers, responsive feeding, and poor schooling. Regarding infants' flu-like symptoms, 5% presented symptoms at 14days (NG group). The guidelines were not applied to infants of SARs-CoV-positive mothers in 54.6% of the dyads since the recommendations were unviable in their environments. During pandemics, we should look for feasible and effective guidelines to protect neonates from low-income populations. Poor socioeconomic conditions lead to the unfeasibility of protective measures for infants of low-income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers during the isolation period in the pandemics. The orientations and the support provided to dyad should consider the socioeconomic factors to guide feasible measures in the home environment and promote adequate protections; only an individual approach will allow a safe environment for low-income infants. The Research Ethics Committee approved the project of the Medicine School in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil (CAAE: 31357320.9.1001.5440-4.066.741/2020) and Brazilian hospitals and maternal services.

Teenage Pregnancies in Austria - an Epidemiological Study on Prevalence and Perinatal Outcome.

Introduction Even though teenage pregnancy rates have been declining in the last decades, their global prevalence is still high and shows country-specific discrepancies. Insufficient sexual education, poor availability of contraceptives and early marriage are some of the multifactorial causes for adolescent pregnancies. Very often teenage pregnancies are classified as high-risk pregnancies. Studies have found higher rates of peripartal complications, such as preterm birth, low birth weight or low fetal Apgar-Scores. The aim of this retrospective cohort study is to evaluate the prevalence of teenage pregnancies in Austria and to identify principal differences in maternal and neonatal outcome. Material and methods Data were collected from the Austrian Birth Registry between 01/2012 and 12/2020. A total of 751661 deliveries in Austria were documented. Obstetric, maternal and neonatal parameters were descriptively analyzed. Mothers were subclassified into two age groups: teenage mothers of 19 years and younger and adult mothers of 20 to 39 years of age. Results Newborns of teenage mothers were significantly smaller (49.98 ± 3.11 vs. 50.31 ± 3.16 cm, p < 0.001) and had a lower birth weight (3216 ± 564 vs. 3247 ± 576 g, p < 0.001) than newborns of adult mothers. The percentage of caesarean deliveries in the teenage group was significantly lower than in adult mothers (21.1 vs. 31.8%, p < 0.001). Newborns of teenage mothers had significantly higher rates of very low (< 4) and low (< 7) 5-minute Apgar scores (5-minute Apgar < 4: 0.75 vs. 0.54%, p = 0.004) (5-minute Apgar < 7: 1.77 vs. 1.37%, p = 0.001) and significantly lower arterial umbilical-cord pH (7.25 ± 0.08 vs. 7.26 ± 0.08, p < 0.001). Perinatal mortality was higher in the age group below 20 years (0.7 vs. 0.6%, p = 0.043). Conclusion The data of this study show significantly poorer outcomes in pregnancies of teenagers compared to adult women, even though the healthcare system in Austria is considered excellent. Future guideline recommendations should focus on important aspects of obstetric care in teenage mothers.

Eksplorasi Dukungan Suami dalam Pencapaian Becoming a Mother pada Ibu Remaja

This study aims to explore the experiences of teenage mothers getting husbands' support in the process of becoming a mother. The method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological design. The results showed that there were five themes, namely: 1) the husband's support based on the initiative and request of adolescent mothers at the stage of pregnancy; 2) husbands provide support based explicitly on the needs of adolescent mothers; 3) the husband has not received the pregnancy intends to terminate and does not provide support; 4) forms of husband support: providing physical and psychological support, providing for the wife's needs, carrying out local rituals related to childbirth; 5) form of husband's support: helping to take care of the baby, willing to do household chores, reminding the duties and responsibilities as a mother, fulfilling the life needs of mother and baby. In conclusion, the husband's support is very influential in the process of becoming a mother.&#x0D; Keywords: Becoming a Mother, Husband Support, Teen Mother

Patterns of Socioeconomic Inequities in SDGs Relating to Children's Well-Being in Thailand and Policy Implications.

Thailand faces many wealth inequities and child health-related problems. This study aimed to describe Thai child health and determine socioeconomic inequities following the child flourishing index, a tool used to measure children’s wellbeing based on the key relevant Sustainable Development Goals. The data from Thailand Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019 were used to examine five indicators where Thailand had not yet achieved good results. The association of socioeconomic status with the five outcomes was explored using logistic regressions, comparing pseudo R-squared, and population attributable fraction analyses. Household wealth, urbanization, education, and primary language were significantly associated with Thai child health. Over 10% of children under 5 years were stunted and had a low birth weight. Fourteen percent of teenage girls had already become mothers. Living in poor households and rural areas, having a head-of-household who was non-Thai speaking, non-Buddhist, and had a low education were identified as risk factors for children with undernutrition status and low birth weight. However, having a head-of-household who spoke a non-Thai language was a protective factor against teenage mothers and having early marriages. Households with better economic status and education provided significant benefits for children and women’s health. The result of this study calls for public policies and multisectoral actions in the wider social and economic spheres that address the social determinants that span across lives and generations. Furthermore, specific social protection programs should be designed to be accessible by these most vulnerable and disadvantaged people.

Maternal Factors Affecting Birth Weight of New Born Babies Born in Combined Military Hospital Dhaka

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the pernicious outcomes of pregnancy. To recognize the factors contributing to LBW is therefore of vital significance. But due attention had not been paid to address the issue. This study was carried out to candle the light on maternal demographic and health services factors on birth weight of a newborn baby. Objective: To depict the pattern of birth weight of newborn babies born at CMH Dhaka and to ascertain selected demographic (age, height) pattern and utilization of health service factors of the mothers. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka from September to December 2011 among 110 respondents. Data were collected by interview using a semi-structured questionnaire and were checked, edited, coded, categorized, cleaned and analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Results: Mothers’ age ranged from 19 to 36 years. Highest 43.6% of mothers belonged to the 20-25 years age group. Teenage mothers were 15.5%. Mothers above 25 years of age gave birth to higher percentage of average weight babies (88.9%) and teenaged (&lt;20 years) mothers gave birth to a higher percentage of LBW babies (17.7%). About 44.5% mothers belonged to height 150-155 cm. Short stature mothers with height 150 cm and below were 16.4% and produced more (33.3%) LBW babies. As the height of the mothers increases, the babies born with better birth weight. The result was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). All the mothers had antenatal check-up. Highest number of mothers had 4-6 visits. Rate of LBW babies were found highest (31.8%) among the mothers who had minimum number of visits (1-3 visits). Mothers with 7-9 visits had lowest number of LBW babies (4.3%). Proportion of higher birth weight babies (&gt;3500 gm) increased as the number of visits increased. The result was statistically significant (p &lt; .05). Conclusion: All these findings suggests that a substantial evidence of demographic factors like age of the mother during pregnancy and height of the mother and utilizing the health care facilities for antenatal care has an effect on birth weight. Ensuring health care facilities and addressing demographic factors like age of women during marriage, condition can be improved. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 1 (June) 2022: 26-29