Technology Roadmap Research Articles

MoS2-Based NH3 Sensor for In Situ Helicobacter pylori Detection.

Detection of Helicobacter pylori is essential for the prevention of gastric cancer. By detecting the metabolized NH3, it was able to noninvasively reveal the state of H. pylori; however, it is still a challenge since the metabolized NH3 concentration is much lower for conventional gas sensors. Herein, we developed a MoS2-based NH3 sensor for continuous, real-time monitoring of H. pylori growth. The atomic thin layer and the all-exposed surface of MoS2 facilitate NH3 adsorption and charge transferring. A high-response NH3 sensor was prepared by surface decoration of MoS2 by depositing metal nanoparticles. The Fe-decorated MoS2 sensor outperformed with a high response of 40.9% for 5.7 ppm of NH3 at 25 ± 2 °C, low LOD (6.2 ppb), and long-term stability with a response of 12.5% for 5.7 ppm of NH3 after 5 months. The Fe-decorated MoS2 sensor was applied to the detection of H. pylori and the real-time in situ monitoring of its 92 h growth cycle. The NH3 release curve of the exponential phase during H. pylori growth was continuously monitored, and the NH3 concentration was quantified. The maximum specific rate of NH3 release was 0.195 ± 0.005 h-1, which is well-consistent with the nature of H. pylori growth. This study opens up a technological roadmap for noninvasive detection of H. pylori in the future.

Technology roadmap toward the completion of whole-brain architecture with BRA-driven development

The development of brain-morphic software holds significant promise for creating artificial general intelligence that exhibits high affinity and interpretability for humans and also offers substantial benefits for medical applications. To facilitate this, creating Brain Reference Architecture (BRA) data, serving as a design specification for brain-morphic software is imperative. BRA-driven development, which utilizes Brain Information Flow (BIF) diagrams based on mesoscale brain anatomy and Hypothetical Component Diagrams (HCD) for corresponding computational functionalities, has been proposed to address this need. This methodology formalizes identifying possible functional structures by leveraging existing, albeit insufficient, neuroscientific knowledge. However, applying this methodology across the entire brain, thereby creating a Whole Brain Reference Architecture (WBRA), represents a significant research and development challenge due to its scale and complexity. Technology roadmaps have been introduced as a strategic tool to guide discussion, management, and distribution of resources within such expansive research and development activities. These roadmaps proposed a manual, anatomically based approach to incrementally construct BIF and HCD, thereby systematically expanding brain organ coverage towards achieving a complete WBRA. Large Language Model (LLM) technologies have introduced a paradigm shift, substantially automating the BRA-driven development process. This is largely due to the BRA data being structured around the brain’s anatomy and described in natural language, which aligns well with the capabilities of LLMs for supporting and automating the construction and verification processes. In this paper, we propose a novel technology roadmap to largely automate the creation of WBRA, leveraging neuroscientific insights. This roadmap includes 12 activities for automating BIF construction, notably extracting anatomical structures from scholarly articles. Furthermore, it details 11 activities aimed at enhancing the integration of Hypothetical Component Diagrams (HCD) into the WBRA, focusing on automating checks for functional consistency. This roadmap aims to establish a cost-effective and efficient design process for WBRA, ensuring the availability of brain-morphic software design specifications that are continually validated against the latest neuroscientific knowledge.

Dual-gated MOSFETs of α-In2Se3 monolayer for high performance and low power logic applications

As a well-known van der Waals 2D material with entangled ferroelectricity and semiconductivity, α-In2Se3 has garnered significant attention in recent years to develop novel nonvolatile (photo) electronic devices mainly based on its ferroelectricity. However, the ability of its semiconductivity to design 2D transistors for high-performance (HP) and low-power (LP) logic applications remains unclear. Herein, this article reveals the potential of α-In2Se3 as a semiconductor in sub-10 nm 2D transistors. We analyze a dual-gated metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) based on monolayer (ML) α-In2Se3 with a 5 nm channel-length, utilizing density functional theory (DFT) in combination with non-equilibrium Green’s function method. The transport performance indicators of n-type MOSFET along the zigzag direction can satisfy or nearly satisfy the HP and LP application requirements of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductor (ITRS) 2013, while p-type MOSFET along the armchair direction exhibits an outstanding on-current attributed to effective mass and the density of states modulation. The p-type MOSFETs also exhibit ultralow leakage current and subthreshold swing below 60 mV/dec. Meanwhile, our simulated MOSFETs demonstrate large on-current and high ON/OFF ratios. These findings highlight the application prospect of α-In2Se3 as a conventional 2D semiconductor material for further 2D FETs in HP and LP logic applications.

A Novel Method for Technology Roadmapping: Nanorobots

In the dynamic field of robotics engineering, nanorobot technology has witnessed rapid advancements. Developing a technology roadmap is essential for quickly identifying the trends and key technological aspects of nanorobotics from an array of multi-source data. Traditional research methods, such as Delphi surveys, bibliometrics, patent analysis, and patent paper citation analyses, often fail to capture the rich semantic information available. Moreover, these approaches generally provide a unidimensional perspective, which restricts their capacity to depict the complex nature of technological evolution. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper introduces a novel framework that utilizes the ALBERT method combined with multi-source data for critical theme extraction. It integrates varied data sources, including academic papers and patents, to explore the interrelation within the nanorobot technology roadmap. The methodology begins with text feature extraction, clustering algorithms, and theme mining to identify dominant technological themes. Subsequently, it applies semantic similarity measures to connect multiple themes, employing a “multi-layer ThemeRiver map” for a visual representation of these inter-layer connections. The paper concludes with a comprehensive analysis from both the technological research and industrial application perspectives, underscoring the principal developmental themes and insights of nanorobot technology, and projecting its future directions.

Strategic Leadership in IT: Governance, Innovation, and Value Creation Through Effective Portfolio Management

This comprehensive article examines the critical role of IT leadership in driving organizational success through effective governance, innovation, and value-creation mechanisms. The article analyzes data from multiple industry sources, revealing that organizations with mature IT governance frameworks achieve 15-25% higher returns on technology investments and demonstrate 3.5 times faster revenue growth. Through detailed case studies of Datatronics and Genex Fuels, the research illustrates how strategic IT leadership can deliver substantial business value, with Datatronics achieving a 312% return on digital investments and Genex Fuels realizing a 267% ROI through systematic portfolio transformation. The article encompasses key areas, including IT governance frameworks, portfolio management strategies, technology roadmap development, and productivity enhancement approaches, supported by quantitative data demonstrating how organizations leveraging advanced IT capabilities significantly improve operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and market competitiveness.

Roadmap, current situation, and prospects of low-carbon development technologies in Chinese steel industry

Roadmap, current situation, and prospects of low-carbon development technologies in Chinese steel industry

Technology Gap Analysis on the BIM-Enabled Design Process of Prefabricated Buildings: An Autoethnographic Study

This research explores the pivotal role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in revolutionizing the design and construction of prefabricated buildings. It highlights the benefits of BIM-enabled design processes, including improved coordination and efficiency, while addressing challenges in integrating BIM with prefabricated elements. The study proposes artificial intelligence (AI) solutions to enhance architectural detailing, optimize workflows, and facilitate human–robot collaboration. Using autoethnographic methods, the research refines BIM-forward design through thematic analysis and technology gap (TG) assessments. It advocates for a comprehensive technology roadmap that emphasizes BIM libraries, external data sources, and the transition to a multi-dimensional BIM environment. This research contributes valuable insights to advance BIM practices in prefabricated building construction and offers a strategic framework to bridge existing TGs, enabling seamless integration of BIM and AI in future practices.

Latest advancements and prospects in the next-generation of Internet of Things technologies

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a sophisticated network of objects embedded with electronic systems that enable devices to collect and exchange data. IoT is a recent trending leading technology and changing the way we live. However, it has several challenges especially efficiency, architecture, complexity, and network topology. The traditional technologies are not enough to provide support. It is evident from the literature that complex networks are used to study the topology and the structure of a network and are applied to modern technologies. Thus, the capability of powerful computational tools and the existence of theoretical frameworks enable complex networks to derive new approaches in analyzing IoT-based technologies in terms of improving efficiency, architecture, complexity, and topology. In this direction, limited research has been carried out. The integration aspect remains a key challenge. Therefore, in order to fill this gap. Herein, we design a comprehensive literature review. In this research effort, we explore a newly leading emerging technology named the Social Internet of Things (SIoT). It is developed to overcome the challenges in IoT. We discuss the importance and the key applications of SIoT. We first presented a conceptual view along with a recent technological roadmap. The big data play an important role in the modern world. We discuss big data and the 5 Vs along with suitable applications and examples. Then, we highlighted the key concepts in complex networks, scale-free, random networks, and small-world networks. We explored and presented various graph models and metrics aligned with social networks and the most recent trends. The novelty of this research is to propose a synergy of complex networks to the IoT, SIoT, and big data together. We discuss the advantages of integration in detail. We present a detailed discussion on complex networks emerging technologies and cyber-physical systems (CPS). Briefly, our literature review covers the most recent advancements and developments in 10 years. In addition, our critical analysis is based on up-to-date surveys and case studies. Finally, we outline the impact of recent emerging technologies on challenges applications, and solutions for the future. This paper provides a good reference for researchers and readers in the IoT domain.

A Technological Development Roadmap for Latecomer Telecommunications Companies Based on Industry-Specific Elements and Development Strategies

A Technological Development Roadmap for Latecomer Telecommunications Companies Based on Industry-Specific Elements and Development Strategies

Monolayer MoS2 and WS2 for Vertical Circular‐ Polarized‐Light‐Emitting Diode: from Fundamental Understanding to Device Architecture

AbstractLight‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have revolutionized lighting and displays due to their numerous advantages over conventional lighting mechanisms. Moreover, the directional nature of luminescent materials has spurred significant advancements in the development of circularly polarized LEDs, which hold transformative potential for applications in biomedical imaging, liquid crystal displays, spintronics, and valleytronics. The performance of circularly polarized LEDs mainly depends on the emitter material, which is this study's focus. In particular, semiconducting‐phase 2D monolayer MoS2 and WS2 are attractive emitter‐material candidates owing to their bandgap versatility, high carrier mobility, high exciton binding energy, polarized‐light‐emission properties, and unique spin–valley coupling. Several works have examined the fundamental light‐emission properties of monolayer MoS2 and WS2 from the perspectives of optoelectronic concepts, material fabrication, and device construction. This paper presents approaches to control, tune, and enhance these properties of monolayer MoS2 and WS2. Possible guidelines for monolayer‐material synthesis (top‐down and bottom‐up approaches) and device engineering of vertically stacked MoS2 and WS2 are presented. Finally, the review considers the material topological characteristics, outlines the challenges and potential of monolayer MoS2 and WS2 for developing high‐performance commercial circularly polarized LED devices, and proposes a technological roadmap for leveraging other monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide systems in optoelectronic devices.

Taguchi Method Statistical Analysis on Characterization and Optimization of 18-nm Double Gate MOSFETs

A bi-layer graphene with a multigate structure was intensified and analysed on an 18-nm Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) device to obtain an optimal performance parameter. The device has a gate structure made of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) that serves as a high-k material and a metal gate made of Tungsten Silicide (WSix). The Silvaco TCAD Software which are ATHENA and ATLAS modules were used to enhance the fabrication process of virtual devices and to verify the electrical properties of a specific device. According to the International Technology Roadmap Semiconductor (ITRS) specifications of 0.179 V ± 12.7% for threshold voltage (VTH) and 20 nA/m for leakage current (ILEAK), the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array strategy was used to improve the device process parameters for optimum VTH and ILEAK. For the NMOS device, the process parameter of VTH Adjust Implant Dose was used as the dominant factor while Source/Drain (S/D) Implant Energy was used as the adjustment factor whereby for PMOS device, S/D Implant Energy was the dominant factor while S/D Implant Tilt was the adjustment factor in order to achieve a robust design through the Taguchi method implementation. The percentage affecting the process parameter is then applied to the results of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of Nominal-the-best (NTB) for VTH and Smaller-the-better (STB) for ILEAK.

Future-Proofing Your Organization: Key Principles for Leading Through the AI Transition

As artificial intelligence (AI) advances rapidly, organizations must develop meaningful long-term strategies to realize opportunities and mitigate risks, as academic research shows AI will significantly impact over 50% of jobs by 2030, requiring workforce planning, while industries like travel agencies have faced disruption from failing to adapt to digital technologies like AI. Effective AI strategies include establishing integrated 3-5 year technology roadmaps that articulate adoption timelines, skill development, and business transformations, identifying core capabilities to augment with AI, such as diagnostics for healthcare, while data and technology foundations are also critical for deploying AI projects at scale and continuous skills training is needed to fill emerging roles and offset potential job losses. The article discusses strategic considerations for industries like healthcare, where strategies focus on augmenting clinicians, standardizing data, and establishing governance, transportation organizations must plan for autonomous vehicle testing and adoption, and reskill mechanics, and financial institutions can develop robo-advisors and lending platforms while modernizing legacy systems. Therefore, organizational leaders need such integrated roadmaps and ongoing governance to leverage AI's productivity benefits while guiding responsible adoption and workforce evolution amid ongoing disruption through proactive strategic planning that will help direct, rather than undergo, technological transformation.

Nanoscale Strategies for Enhancing the Performance of Adhesive Dry Electrodes for the Skin.

High-quality electrophysiological monitoring requires electrodes to maintain a compliant and stable skin contact. This necessitates low impedance, good skin compliance, and strong adhesion to ensure continuous and stable contact under dynamic conditions. In this context, adhesive epidermal dry electrodes are advancing rapidly, which is promising for long-term applications in clinical diagnosis, wearable health monitoring, and human-machine interfaces. However, challenges persist, as conventional technologies usually fall short of meeting the high standards required for electrophysiological electrodes. This Perspective discusses four key aspects for high-performance epidermal electrodes from an adhesive perspective: initial adhesion, water resistance, dynamic stability, and removal simplicity. We review recent nanoscale strategies addressing these issues, providing a comprehensive guideline to enhance the application performance of epidermal dry electrodes. Additionally, we explore key nanoscale strategies and their associated functions, future technology roadmaps, and prospects for dry adhesive epidermal electrodes.

QEYSSat 2.0 - White Paper on Satellite-based Quantum Communication Missions in Canada

We present the white paper developed during the QEYSSat 2.0 study, which was undertaken between June 2021 and March 2022. The study objective was to establish a technology road-map for a Canada-wide quantum network enabled by satellites. We survey the state-of-art in quantum communication technologies, identify the main applications and architectures, review the technical readiness levels and technology bottlenecks and identify a future mission scenario. We report the findings of a dedicated one-day workshop that included Canadian stakeholders from government, industry and academia to gather inputs and insights for the applications and technical road-map. We also provide an overview of the Quantum EncrYption and Science Satellite (QEYSSat) mission expected to launch in 2024-2025 and its anticipated outcomes. One of the main outcomes of this study is that developing the main elements for a Canada-wide quantum internet will have the highest level of impact, which includes Canada-wide entanglement distribution and teleportation. We present and analyze a possible future mission ('QEYSSat 2.0') that would enable a long range quantum teleportation across Canada as an important step towards this vision.

Perspectives and Energy Applications of Magnetocaloric, Pyromagnetic, Electrocaloric, and Pyroelectric Materials

AbstractThis perspective provides an overview of the state of research and innovation in the areas of magnetocaloric and pyromagnetic materials, and electrocaloric and pyroelectric materials, including the overlapping sub‐areas of multicaloric and multipyro materials that can operate simultaneously under the application of magnetic and electric fields. These materials are critically examined for their potential to revolutionize cooling, heating, and energy‐harvesting applications. This perspective first summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art advancements and highlights recent significant developments. Then, it is identified and discussed that the prevailing challenges hindering the widespread adoption of technologies based on these materials. In this context, after consulting with members of the caloric and pyro communities, a technology roadmap is outlined to guide research efforts in overcoming current barriers to applications, with the goal of achieving impactful results by 2040. This roadmap emphasizes the importance of focusing on under‐researched materials, novel devices, and application spaces, paving the way for interdisciplinary efforts that can lead to significant reductions in carbon dioxide emissions.

The feasibility of reaching gigatonne scale CO2 storage by mid-century

The Sixth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects subsurface carbon storage at rates of 1 – 30 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2050. These projections, however, overlook potential geological, geographical, and techno-economic limitations to growth. We evaluate the feasibility of scaling up CO2 storage using a geographically resolved growth model that considers constraints from both geology and scale-up rate. Our results suggest a maximum global storage rate of 16 GtCO2 yr−1 by 2050, but this is contingent on the United States contributing 60% of the total. These values contrast with projections in the Sixth Assessment Report that vastly overestimate the feasibility of deployment in China, Indonesia, and South Korea. A feasible benchmark for global CO2 storage projections, and consistent with current government technology roadmaps, suggests a global storage rate of 5-6 GtCO2 yr−1, with the United States contributing around 1 GtCO2 yr−1.

An Innovation Management Approach for Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing

With more companies entering the realm of electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) and governments enacting policies to support the development of low-altitude economies, the commercial potential of eVTOL is being recognized by the public. However, true commercialization is still a long way off. This article analyzes the technologies, product features, potential markets, and government policies related to eVTOL and constructs a four-stage, four-layer Policy–Technology Roadmap (P-TRM) model to guide the R&D process of eVTOL. Then, it is transformed into a system structural model, and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method is used to identify several key nodes in the R&D process. Utilizing the Technology Adoption Life Cycle (TALC) theory for interpretation and analysis, the article concludes by proposing strategies in product, technology, and policy support for how eVTOL can successfully cross the chasm. This preliminary analysis of the development path, key nodes, and necessary measures for crossing the chasm provides insights for the R&D and commercialization of eVTOL.

Implementation of VGG6 for Image Processing of Aromatic Plants Using Python

Big Data Analytics has gained significant popularity in recent years, with many companies integrating it into their information technology roadmaps to enhance business performance. However, surveys indicate that Big Data Analytics demands substantial resources, including technology, costs, and talent, which often leads to failures in the initial stages of implementation. This study proposes a VGG6 architecture approach, intended to provide a framework for the initial implementation of Big Data Analytics. The study's outcomes include the implementation of the VGG6 architecture for processing images of aromatic plants using Python. Furthermore, this approach enabled the development of a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) solution that adheres to general Big Data principles, such as the 3Vs (Volume, Velocity, and Variety), and encompasses key technological components: 1) Data Storage and Analysis, 2) Knowledge Discovery and Computational Complexity, 3) Scalability and Data Visualization, and 4) Information Security.

(Invited) Biofabricated Carbon Nanotube Electronics: Toward Energy-Efficient Switches in Multi-Dimensional Integration

High-performance Si devices are approaching their physical boundaries during the continuous miniaturization following Moore's Law. New semiconductor materials are in urgent necessity, among which, carbon nanotubes（CNTs）are suggested by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors（ITRS）as potential candidate to continue Moore's Law due to its quasi-one-dimensional structure and excellent electrical properties.To unleash the advantages of CNTs in the post-Moore era, optimizing materials morphology, interfaces composition, and integrated structure proves to be pivotal, which constitutes the basic idea of our research. Regarding material morphology, we have fabricated evenly spaced parallel CNT materials with a spacing down to 10nm, by employing the DNA-directed high-precision assembly method. At CNT interface, we have realized fast on/off switching high-performance switches by engineering the interfacial compositions. Individual CNT displays 1G0 conductance with subthreshold swing superior to conventional Si transistors. Furthermore, we built the preliminary foundation to integrate CNT transistors into multi-dimensional circuits. Based on the control of material, interface, and integration structure, our work elucidates the potential of constructing energy-efficient computing circuit using carbon nanotube electronics.

Economic assessment of municipal solid waste management in midsized metropolitan areas of Brazil

This paper addresses the incipient number of studies regarding municipal solid waste management in Brazil, where the federal law requires the inclusion of waste pickers in waste management and proposes waste diversion targets far from being attained. Therefore, decision-makers can make the best choice economically among alternative technological roadmaps that meet the legal requirements. The proposed alternatives combine biowaste treatments (open composting, closed composting, anaerobic digestion), recycling and final disposal methods (landfill and incineration) for a metropolitan region with two million inhabitants. The results show that incineration can lower the costs for the citizens, and the cost increase is modest if anaerobic digestion is chosen if no profit is intended after 20 years (IRR=0%). However, higher profit (8% and 16% IRR) causes a significant increase in the service fees, which could encourage the use of composting facilities with lower environmental performance. Furthermore, the high waste diversions scenarios have lower service fees than the low diversions counterparts because of the increase in revenue from sales of recyclable materials and employing 5,697 instead of 2,138 pickers to work at sorting facilities, therefore highly recommended.