This article provides a brief analysis of the tectonic structure of the Alakol depression, which is located in Central Asia. The Alakol has a high potential for discovering hydrocarbons. This study aims to examine the structural and tectonic evolution of the depression in order to determine the likelihood of finding hydrocarbons within it. Various geological techniques, such as gravimetry, magnetic surveys, seismic tomography and geological mapping, are used to analyze the region. These techniques help identify structural features such as folds, faults, and fractures, which could potentially serve as traps for hydrocarbons. In addition, the geological history of the region, including its sedimentary deposits and tectonic activity, is also analyzed to understand the conditions that have led to the formation and preservation of hydrocarbon resources in the area. When assessing the oil and gas content of the sedimentary cover of the Alakol basin, it is necessary to take into account the presence of coal-bearing horizons, such as the Alakol field, as well as numerous manifestations of mud volcanism. These factors indicate the presence of a positive "hydrocarbon background" in the territory under consideration. Given these features, it is possible to identify promising sites for further exploration and development of hydrocarbon deposits in this region. As a result of the study, an attempt is being made to assess the potential presence of hydrocarbon deposits in the Alakol depression.