Technical Realization Research Articles

Методы монохроматизации синхротронного излучения (обзор исследований)

The paper presents an analysis of studies related to the monochromatization of X-ray radiation (XR) at synchrotron radiation sources. A review of monochromators based on of X-ray diffraction on crystals is given, and the peculiarities of their technical realization are considered. The ideas about monochromators which include multilayer structures are examined. The authors also study technical problems arising during designing devices and its possible solutions. Introduction. The possibilities of using X-rays in scientific research are described. The high efficiency of synchrotron radiation sources is noted, and its characterization is given. Elementary information about diffraction of X-rays. The paper describes the properties of X-ray radiation and the possibilities of its using while studying various materials. Degree of monochromaticity. The degree of monochromaticity is an important characteristic of the synchrotron radiation (SR). Depending on the width of the wavelength band, “white”, “pink” and monochromatic beams are distinguished. Monochromators based on multilayer structures are used to obtain “pink” beams. Monochromatic radiation is formed using monocrystals. When conducting experiments with “white” beams, the monochromator is not used. The authors also describe the factors that violate the ideal fulfillment of the Wolf-Bragg condition and affect the degree of monochromaticity (heat, vibration). The reflectivity values at different beam grazing angles are noted to have different widths. Monochromators based on multilayer structures. Periodic structures combining thin layers of two heterogeneous materials make it possible to obtain “pink” beams. The wavelength bandwidth of such devices is one or two orders of magnitude greater than that of monochromators using crystals as optical elements. Configurations and geometry of optical elements. There are two types of X-ray diffraction on a crystal: Bragg and Laue diffraction. Bragg diffraction refers to reflective geometry, Laue diffraction is based on the passage of beams through the crystal. The section provides examples of monochromators with different configurations of crystals and X-ray mirrors. The arrangement of optical elements in a monochromator plays an important role in the geometry of the beam path. When designing monochromators, it is necessary to take into account the methods of fixation and orientation of the rotation axes of optical elements. Examples of monochromators with different configurations of crystals and X-ray mirrors are given. Focusing monochromators. It is possible to provide sagittal and meridional types of deformation by bending the optical element of the monochromator. Due to the curved crystal surface the beam is not only monochromatized but also subjected to focusing. Modern focusing monochromators are equipped with adaptivity elements allowing it to change the radius of curvature of the optical element. Examples of practical realization of such monochromators are presented. Thermal load of SR on optical elements. The SR is characterized by high brightness and a wide spectrum of emitted wavelengths. While operating optical elements of SR stations absorb a large amount of thermal power. The problems of heat dissipation have a fundamental influence on the quality of synchrotron radiation monochromatization. Additional information about monochromators. Examples of special design solutions for monochromators are given. Conclusion. The design of monochromators is relevant to the synchrotron radiation source 4+ “SKIF” under construction in Novosibirsk.

The Development and Practice of Interactive Animation in Digital Media Art

As an important part of digital media art, the development and practice of interactive animation occupies a key position in the field of modern art. Through the combination of technological progress and artistic expression, interactive animation has shown unique advantages in multimedia exhibitions, virtual reality, game design, etc. Its application not only enhances the audience s sense of participation and immersion, but also provides new forms of expression and interaction for artistic creation. Analyzing the historical evolution, technical realization, artistic value and application of interactive animation in practical projects can reveal its innovative potential and development trend in digital media art.

Stereotactic centralized ablative radiation therapy: A novel methodology in treating bulky tumor and its technical realization.

159 Background: Bulky tumors pose significant challenges to traditional treatment modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, and conventional radiotherapy. This study introduces a novel therapeutic approach named as Stereotactic-Core-Ablative-Radiation-Therapy (SCART), designed to deliver an ablative dose to a substantial core of the bulky tumor while quickly decreasing to a lower dose at the tumor periphery. Methods: A SCART-Treatment-Volume (STV) at the core of the GTV was predefined to administer an ablative radiation dose, aiming to induce DNA damage in cancer cells and potentially trigger biological cancer-killing effects. Utilizing Linac-based VMAT or Cyberknife techniques with 6MV photon beams, multiple radiation fields intersect and optimize at STV, generating an ablative dose at the STV. The dose rapidly diminishes to a safe level at the edge of GTV sparing the surrounding tissue. In the phase-1 trial, nineteen patients with 21 bulky tumors enrolled, receiving SCART at five dose levels (15GyX1, 15GyX2, 15GyX3, 18GyX3, 21GyX3, and 24GyX3), while maintaining the GTV's peripheral dose at 5Gy each fraction. Results: All patients completed treatment with average beam-on time of 8.9min and average treatment time of 18.5min. Mean follow-up time is 15.4 month. No grade-III or higher toxicity was observed. 7/19 patients still survive, with the overall survival of 40% at 30 months. Mean tumor volume shrinks by 60% between initial 301cc and post-SCART volumes of 118cc. Long-term follow-up revealed that 14/21 tumors achieved Partial Response, 2/21 Complete-Response, 3/21 Stable-Disease, and 1/21 Progressive-Disease, leading to an encouraging local control of 95%. Conclusions: SCART emerges as a safe and effective strategy for treating bulky malignant tumors, demonstrating excellent local control and overall survival. Multiple treatment courses were feasible. The results from phase-1 study suggest that SCART could revolutionize the treatment landscape for bulky tumors, offering a promising avenue for further exploration and application in clinical practice.

Study on damping performance of non-ideal particle-tuned inerter damper

Aiming at the shortcomings of the current particle dampers and the needs of civil engineering vibration damping, while considering the damping in the non-ideal inertial vessel, a new type of non-ideal particle tuned inerter damper (NPTID) is proposed. Firstly, the construction and technical realization of NPTID are introduced, the mechanical model of NPTID is proposed based on the principle of energy dissipation by particle collision, and the motion control equations of the single-degree-of-freedom structure with an additional NPTID are established; then three natural seismic waves and one artificial seismic wave are selected as the external excitations, and the damping performance of the NPTID is analyzed; finally, the influence of key parameters on the control effect of the NPTID is investigated by parametric analysis. The results show that NPTID has good control effect, and can realize the reduction ratio of more than 43% by utilizing a 0.1% particle mass ratio.

Taxifolin Adsorption on Nitrogenated Graphenes: Theoretical Insights

Solid-state drug delivery systems for the drug substances transport are of great importance nowadays. In the present work, the non-covalent interactions between taxifolin (Tax) and graphene as well as nitrogenated (N-doped) graphenes were systematically studied by using a wide set of theoretical techniques. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT0) calculations confirmed more favorable adsorption of Tax on N-doped graphenes compared to pristine graphene. It was established that dispersion interactions play the main role in the attractive interactions (>60%), whereas electrostatic and induction forces contribute only moderately to the attraction (~25% and 7–8%, respectively). Independent gradient model (IGM) analysis visually demonstrated the existence of dispersion interactions and hydrogen bonding in the studied Tax complexes. Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations indicated stability of these complexes at different temperatures. Our results show that N-doped graphenes with the enhanced interaction energy (Eint) toward Tax are promising candidates for the technical realization of the targeted drug delivery systems.

Accuracy of the scalar magnetometer aboard ESA's JUICE mission

Abstract. This paper discusses the accuracy of the scalar Coupled Dark State Magnetometer on board the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) mission of the European Space Agency (ESA). The scalar magnetometer, referred to as MAGSCA, is part of the J-MAG instrument. MAGSCA is an optical omnidirectional scalar magnetometer based on coherent population trapping, a quantum interference effect, within the hyperfine manifold of the 87Rb D1 line. The measurement principle is only based on natural constants; therefore, it is in principle drift-free, and no calibration is required. However, the technical realisation can influence the measurement accuracy. The most dominating effects are heading characteristics, which are deviations of the magnetic field strength measurements from the ambient magnetic field strength. These deviations are a function of the angle between the sensor axis and the magnetic field vector and are an intrinsic physical property of the measurement principle of the magnetometer. The verification of the accuracy of the instrument is required to ensure its compliance with the performance requirement of 0.2 nT (1σ) with a data rate of 1 Hz. The verification is carried out with four dedicated sensor orientations in a Merritt coil system, which is located in the geomagnetic Conrad Observatory (COBS). The coil system is used to compensate the Earth's magnetic field and to apply appropriate test fields to the sensor. This paper presents a novel method to separate the heading characteristics of the instrument from residual (offset) fields within the coil system by fitting a mathematical model to the measured data and by the successful verification of the MAGSCA performance requirement.

Programmable Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistors Based on MoS2/Ta2NiS5 Heterojunction for Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Optical Operation.

The optoelectronic synaptic transistors with various functions, broad spectral perception, and low power consumption are an urgent need for the development of advanced optical neural network systems. However, it remains a great challenge to realize the functional diversification of the systems on a single device. 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials can combine unique properties by stacking with each other to form heterojunctions, which may provide a strategy for solving this problem. Herein, an all-2D vdW heterojunction-based programmable optoelectronic synaptic transistor based on MoS2/Ta2NiS5 heterojunctions is demonstrated. The device implements reconfigurable, multilevel non-volatile memory (NVM) states through sequential modulation of multiple optical and electrical stimuli to achieve broadband (532-808nm), energy-efficient (17.2 fJ), hetero-synaptic functionality in a bionic manner. The intrinsic working mechanisms of the photogating effect caused by band alignment and the interfacial trapping defect modulation induced by gate voltage are revealed by Kelvin-probe force microscopy (KPFM) measurements and carrier transport analysis. Overall, the (opto)electronic synaptic weight controllability for combined in-sensor and in-memory logic processors is realized by the heterojunction properties. The proposed findings facilitate the technical realization of generic all 2D hetero-synapses for future artificial vision systems, opto-logical systems, and Internet of Things (IoT) entities.

The Analysis of Intelligent Functions Required for Inland Ships

Sorting out the requirements for intelligent functions is the prerequisite and foundation of the top-level design for the development of intelligent ships. In light of the development of inland intelligent ships for 2030, 2035, and 2050, based on the analysis of the division of intelligent ship functional modules by international representative classification societies and relevant research institutions, eight necessary functional modules have been proposed: intelligent navigation, intelligent hull, intelligent engine room, intelligent energy efficiency management, intelligent cargo management, intelligent integration platform, remote control, and autonomous operation. Taking the technical realization of each functional module as the goal, this paper analyzes the status quo and development trend of related intelligent technologies and their feasibility and applicability when applied to each functional module. At the same time, it clarifies the composition of specific functional elements of each functional module, puts forward the stage goals of China’s inland intelligent ship development and the specific functional requirements of different modules under each stage, and provides reference for the Chinese government to subsequently formulate the top-level design development planning and implementation path of inland waterway intelligent ships.

TEMPUS-A microgravity electromagnetic levitation facility for parabolic flights.

During the ∼22s lasting free fall phase in an aircraft flying a parabola, the aboard installed electromagnetic levitation facility "TEMPUS" is used to investigate contactless and undisturbed of gravity induced convection thermophysical properties and microstructure formations of hot and highly reactive metal or semiconductor melts. The completely contactless handling and measurement of a liquid by the levitation technique keeps the melt free of contamination and enables the extension of the accessible sample temperature range far into the undercooled liquid state below the melting point. Additionally, the state of reduced weight during parabolic flights allows us to considerably decrease the strongly disturbing electromagnetic levitation forces acting in ground-based facilities on the suspended liquids. The present paper explains in detail the basic principle and the technical realization of the TEMPUS levitation facility and its attached measurement devices. Furthermore, it presents some typical experiments performed in TEMPUS, which also show the advantages resulting from the combination of reduced weight, electromagnetic levitation, and contactless measurement techniques. The control and data recording, as well as the planning, preparation, and operation of the TEMPUS experiments within the parabolic flight campaign, are another aspect outlined in the following.

Expedition to the blockchain application potential for higher education institutions

In the education sector, blockchain is currently at the end of the peak of inflated expectations in Gartner’s Hype Cycle. Thus, it is crucial to understand whether this technology meets the expectations of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). We go on an expedition to identify blockchain application scenarios and its potential for HEI administration—the universities are digitalized to just 23.3%.Current information systems research addresses classifications of blockchain-based projects (application level) rather than their technical realization (protocol level). Thus, when evaluating blockchain application scenarios in HEI administration, we intensively consider the technical side of blockchain-based projects. We perform a three-step approach: (1) systematic literature review, (2) qualitative exploratory semi-structured interviews to supplement information on market-ready solutions, and (3) an evaluation of the potential of the blockchain-based projects identified, based on HEI administration requirements.We find that the leading blockchain application scenarios are credential verification and record-sharing. At the protocol level, we obtain equivocal results regarding the technical realization of projects, e.g., their underlying blockchain types and storage models. At the application level, when discussing the potential of different projects, we find that most of them address adaptability, complexity decomposition, and cost reduction requirements between HEIs; interest diversity and stakeholder collaboration between HEIs and business actors; privacy and trust between HEIs and students.

Defect-Healed Carbon Nanomembranes for Enhanced Salt Separation: Scalable Synthesis and Performance.

Carbon nanomembranes (CNMs), with a high density of subnanometer channels, enable superior salt separation performance compared to conventional membranes. However, defects that occur during the synthesis and transfer processes impede their technical realization on a macroscopic scale. Here, we introduce a practical and scalable interfacial polymerization method to effectively heal defects while preserving the subnanometer pores within CNMs. The defect-healed freestanding CNMs show an exceptional performance in forward osmosis (FO), achieving a water flux of 105 L m-2 h-1 and a specific reverse salt flux of 0.1 g L-1 when measured with 1 M NaCl as draw solution. This water flux is 10 times higher than that of commercially available FO membranes, and the reverse salt flux is 70% lower. Through successful implementation of the defect-healing method and support optimization, we demonstrate the synthesis of fully functional, centimeter-scale CNM-based composite membranes showing high water permeance and a high salt rejection. Our defect-healing method presents a promising pathway to overcome limitations in CNM synthesis, advancing their potential for practical salt separation applications.

Three pillars of national art – Igor Vieru, Ilia Bogdesco, Mihail Petric – 100 years since their birth

The article is focused on the creation of three plastic artists from the Republic of Moldova, who would have celebrated their centenary this year – Igor Vieru (1923-1988), Ilia Bogdesco (1923-2010), Mihail Petric (1923-2005). Their contribution is a significant one for national art, each one leaving a considerable mark in the field and genre they work. Several aspects and factors of the creative process of each individual artist are mentioned in the article. The thematic topics addressed are described, the components of the plastic language used in the process of creating a work of art, and the types of plastic and technical realization of the works are revealed. In their creation there is a coexistence of traditional and innovative elements in the plastic treatment of works of art. Depending on the historical period, the illustrative-realistic vision in painting (I. Vieru, M. Petric) is replaced by a decorative one, inspired by Romanian plastic folklore and the aesthetic concepts of modern European art (post-impressionism, Fauvism, etc.). In the creation of the graphic artist Ilie Bogdesco, who prefers a „classic” work technique, technical procedures and stylistic features not specific to contemporary national graphics are encountered. He practices calligraphy in book illustration and develops a new author’s technique, based on the text from the national medieval miniatures. Poets in soul and philosophers in thought, the celebrated artists remain trailblazers for the plastic arts in the Republic of Moldova, who have le¡ a unique spiritual trail in their track record.

Development and Application of Concentric Lock Platform Under Digital Cultural Tourism Product Innovation

With the global spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, the traditional tourism industry has suffered an unprecedented impact, pushing the tourism industry towards digital transformation. As an important direction of this transformation, digital cultural tourism (digital Literature & Tourism) utilizes the latest digital technologies such as 3D simulation, Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), etc., to provide a brand-new form of cultural and tourism experience. Taking the concentric lock platform as an example, this study explores the development and application under the innovation of digital cultural and tourism products, analyzes its contribution to the recovery of tourism, cultural inheritance and innovation, and puts forward the outlook for future development. Designed with the concepts of emotional interaction, cultural inheritance and technological innovation, the concentric lock platform provides a space where users can padlock their locks in a virtual environment to express their emotions and share their stories. The platform not only redefines the emotional connection between couples, but also provides a new profit model and cultural inheritance for tourist attractions. In terms of technical realization, the platform adopts cloud computing to support high concurrent access, and utilizes technologies such as WebGL and Three.js to render complex 3D graphics in web browsers to create realistic virtual attraction models for users, while focusing on data security and privacy protection. The platform's functional modules include the padlocking and viewing of virtual concentric locks, the withdrawal process of breaking up locks, as well as a rich cloud tourism experience and cultural heritage content, which meets the diversified needs of users. By cooperating with tourist attractions, the concentric lock platform developed the virtual concentric lock function with attractions as the background, promoting cultural heritage and tourism recovery. Especially during the epidemic, the platform provided global users with the possibility of cloud tourism and virtual emotional interaction, effectively mitigating the impact of the tourism industry affected by the epidemic. In the Discussion and Outlook section, this study points out that the concentric lock platform and similar digital cultural and tourism products face challenges and opportunities in terms of technological development, market demand, cultural heritage and social impact. In the future, with the application of new technologies such as 5G and artificial intelligence, more personalized and interactive cultural tourism experiences are expected to be developed. At the same time, how to effectively integrate online experiences with on-the-ground tourism activities, protect user privacy and ensure data security will be the key issues to be solved for digital cultural tourism products such as the concentric lock platform. To summarize, the concentric lock platform, as a typical case of digital cultural tourism, not only shows the potential of digital technology application in the field of cultural tourism, but also provides an effective strategy and practice case for the digital transformation of the tourism industry. With the continuous progress of technology and increasing consumer demand, the future development of the digital cultural tourism field will be broader, providing people with richer and deeper cultural tourism experience.

High Resolution Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer for Ion Beam Processing

Abstract The mass filtering equipment in the ion beam processing industry plays a vital role. Mass filtering is usually achieved through classic magnetic mass selector techniques. The drawbacks of these techniques are the dimensions, weight, price, and power consumption. We suggest mitigating it by using the electrostatic RF mass selector instead of the magnetic one. We discuss the development of a novel ion beam processing apparatus that employs a QMS filter in a vacuum of superior purity. We describe the experimental setup in terms of part design. The article presents the successful test results of that parts. The article also explains in detail the basic principles and the technical realization of the whole apparatus and presents experimental data showing its high capabilities.

Study of a Cast Iron Stove Designed by Farkas Bolyai

Farkas Bolyai is known among mathematicians. However, he was also interested in the design and construction of stoves and ovens. In our paper we study a cast iron stove designed by Farkas Bolyai, based on a specimen found in the Museum Teleki Téka on Târgu-Mureș. Although the technical real-ization is nearly two hundred years old, the problem of inspiration is still a concern of our society today. We believe that, looking back, we can find answers, perhaps partial or complete solutions to the problem of the economical stove.

Application Analysis of Data Visualization in Tiktok E-commerce

With the rapid development of the e-commerce field, the application of data visualization technology is more extensive. Visual development in the field of Tiktok e-commerce can improve marketing accuracy and optimize consumers' shopping experience. However, visualization development in the field of Tiktok e-commerce has been affected. Based on this, the paper proposes to optimize Tiktok e-commerce by means of data optimization and integration. This paper uses the literature research method to analyze the application of data visualization in Tiktok e-commerce. Through reading a large number of literature, it is found that data visualization is of great help to the development of e-commerce. The technical realization and function summary of data visualization in Tiktok e-commerce are studied, but there are still some problems in commodity information, commodity quality, user positioning, logistics, and other aspects. Finally, some solutions are proposed.

Experience Matters: using micro-narratives for the co-creation and evaluation of good care

Objective:The narratives of care staff, residents and significant others (SOs) about their personal experiences with care offer insight into their perceived care quality. This information enables the co-creation and evaluation of good care. Therefore, we aimed to develop a method to systematically collect and reflect on micro-narratives, on multiple levels.Methods:From January 2020 to April 2022, we conducted a participatory action study in two care home locations. By continuously following the cycle of action research, we collaboratively worked on the content development, organizational implementation, and technical realization of our method. We used a distributed ethnography software tool (SenseMaker®) as the starting point. Input from care staff, residents and SOs was obtained through participatory observations, interviews, focus groups, and informal conversations.Results:Together, we developed Experience Matters, a method for collecting, sharing and reflecting on micro-narratives about personal experiences with care. In Experience Matters, care staff, residents and SOs share their experiences as micro-narratives and add meaning to them by answering a number of quantitative questions. The answers to these questions are attached to the micro-narratives as metadata. Using this method, the micro-narratives and metadata can be used to co-create and evaluate care for individual residents (micro-level application) and care provided by a team (meso-level application), and to develop quality policy and accountability reports (macro-level application). Care staff indicated that using Experience Matters contributes to job satisfaction, team spirit and feelings of empowerment. Residents reported increased feelings of equality, and SOs felt more involved in the care process. Lastly, managers and directors indicated that the method leads to real-time insights into the quality of care.Conclusion:Collaboratively developed with all stakeholders, Experience Matters enables collecting, sharing and reflecting on micro-narratives for the co-creation and evaluation of good care. To implement the method effectively, organizations may consider deploying Experience Matters as part of a larger transition towards being a learning organization.

Towards an E-nose: Metal-organic frameworks based quartz crystal microbalance array for fruit ripeness indexing

Ethylene is a hormone for fruit ripening control, and for the purpose of maintaining plant quality, ethylene monitoring is crucial. Due to the simple structure and limited functionality, the technical realization of ethylene detection by an artificial sensor remains a challenge. In this paper, we present a metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) array based electronic nose (e-nose) for rapid and accurate determination of ethylene. Six zirconium-based MOFs with systematically modified pore sizes and π-π binding sites have been prepared and fabricated into a sensor array using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technology. By virtue of the synergistic features of six MOF sensors, selectivity detection of ethylene has been achieved. The detection limit reaches to 0.27 ± 0.02 ppm, and high selectivity and stability (98.29 % ± 0.88 %) could also be confirmed. By submitting data to machine learning algorithm, an e-nose system could be established for discriminating ethylene from mixtures with a qualitative accuracy of 90.30 % and quantitative accuracy of 98.89 %. Practical evaluation suggests that the e-nose could index the fruit quality based on the accurate detection of ethylene released during fruit ripeness. This work demonstrates the promising potential of fabricating MOFs based e-nose systems for practical monitoring applications by selectively detecting challengeable target molecules.

Deployable Lab-on-a-Chip Sensor for Colorimetric Measurements.

The infield measurement of nutrients, heavy metals, and other contaminants in water is still a needed tool in environmental sciences. The Lab-on-a-chip approach can develop deployable instruments that use the standardized analytical assay in a miniaturized manner in the field. This paper presents a Lab-on-a-chip platform for colorimetric measurements that can be deployed for nutrient monitoring in open water (oceans, rivers, lakes, etc.). Nitrite was selected as an analyte. Change to other analytes is possible by changing the reagents and the detection wavelength. In this paper, the principle of the sensor, technical realization, setup of the sensor, and test deployment are described. The sensor prototype was deployed at the Jade Bay (German Bight) for 9 h, measuring the nitrite value every 20 min. Reference samples were taken and processed in the lab. The work presented here shows that an infield measurement using a colorimetric assay is possible by applying Lab-on-a-chip principles.

DATING THE NEWLY DISCOVERED CEILING PAINTING IN THE HOUSE OF ESTLAND’S NOBILITY IN TALLINN

In the course of renovating the Estonian Knighthood (Ritterschaft)House in the autumn of 2022, a magnificent find came to light in theceiling of a first floor room – a figural plafond painting on a canvasattached to the ceiling. This find is sensational since it adds to thenumber of rare and fragile canvas plafonds, only a few of whichsurvive in Estonia. This article demonstrates how archival researchand dendrochronology can work together hand in hand. Accordingto historical documents, this part of the Knighthood House was builtaround the year 1690, because it was described as nearly finishedin the spring of 1691. By applying dendrochronological dating, it
 was possible to ascertain that the trees that form the main woodenstructures were felled after the growing season of 1689 and wereused in construction, probably in 1690. The Üxküll family of Vigalamanor sold their newly completed town palace to the Knighthood ofEstonia in 1694 for unknown reasons. The plafond painting probablyoriginates from the period between those two dates, 1690 and 1694.Thus, the Knighthood House’s plafond ceiling is the only firmlydated painting of this kind in Estonian architecture. It originatesfrom an earlier period than most other plafond paintings in Tallinn,which are assessed using stylistic comparison as dating from theperiod after the Great Northern War, specifically from 1721 to 1760.The nearly 60 m2 plafond is certainly the largest in Estonia. The useof distemper and oil paint techniques together makes this paintingremarkable. It is also the only known plafond with more than onepainting layer from different periods. At the time of writing, thepainting has not yet been exposed to view. Its thematic subject matterand the details of its technical realisation will be revealed onlyafter its restoration. The question of the authorship of the plafondpainting also remains unanswered at this stage. The overpaintingwith Rococo ornamentation covering the original painting can becautiously associated with the name of the guild painter, GotthardHolm, who was paid for work done in the Knighthood House inthe 1760s.