This study is set in Taiwan, a Chinese cultural context. It investigates how team conflict, as task and relationship conflict, relates to team performance. This study also considers the moderating effect of goal orientation on the relationship of task conflict and relationship conflict with team performance. The sample consists of 443 employees in 92 work teams. Results show that relationship conflict has a significant and negative relationship, while task conflict has no significant relationship with team performance. The results also show that team goal orientation moderates the relationship between conflict and team performance. For teams with high learning orientation, task conflict positively relates to team performance, whereas for teams with low learning orientation, task conflict will lower team performance. In teams with high performance orientation, task conflict negatively relates to team performance, whereas for low performance orientation teams, task conflict will facilitate team performance. When team performance orientation is high, this also increases the detrimental effect of relationship conflict on team performance.