Team Environment Research Articles

ARRIVE AND THRIVE: COMMITTING TO THE WORK OF THE INCLUSIVE LEADER

AbstractThe authors draw on their extensive research around women’s leadership and delineate lessons for leaders regardless of gender or organizational sector. The article builds on the 7 Impactful Practices for Women Navigating Leadership™. In their words, they are: 1, Investing in your best self. 2, Embracing authenticity. 3, Cultivating courage. 4, Fostering resilience. 5, Inspiring a bold vision. 6, Creating a healthy team environment. 7, Committing to the work of the inclusive leader™. “Inclusive leadership,” the authors write, “must start with the inner work on your identity, and understanding who you are as a leader, or what we call “the knowing.” The Work of the Inclusive Leader is a lifelong, learning journey.” The authors explain further that “With the help of esteemed members of its strategic advisory board, and with our insight and direction, our colleague at Simmons University Institute for Inclusive Leadership Elisa van Dam has led the development of a model that provides a road map for this practice. Called the Work of the Inclusive Leader, this model transpires at three levels: becoming aware (for yourself), becoming an ally and upstander (supporting others), and becoming a change agent (advocating for systemic change).”

DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL ABILITIES OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT

The article presents the results of a study of the pedagogical abilities of students of Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sports, which can be one of the keys to ensure the effectiveness of professional activity: organizational, communicative, conflict-oriented abilities, and listening skills. The aim of the research is to reveal the dynamics and contents of the development of pedagogical abilities of the student specialists of ASIPCS, based on the results of a 4-year study. The research was carried out among 200 students from the 1st to 4th courses of ASIPCS that represented various sports: basketball, volleyball, football, wrestling, sports dances, gymnastics, swimming, there were also kinesiologists, sports journalists, etc. The analysis of the researched abilities of students of ASIPCS revealed, that in addition to the ability to listen, along with the educational process, other significant changes develop and undergo, and the level of their development and patterns of manifestation are different in different courses of study. Comparative analysis and observations have shown that the correct organization of the educational process, innovative approaches, the level of teaching and the relationship between the lecturer and the student are essential for the development of student abilities. Student environment and peculiarities of student sport teams also have a great socializing and developing effect.

Virtual interprofessional team care planning and communication for chronic pain management: An educational model

Ideal patient care involves interprofessional collaboration and therefore emphasizes the importance of communicating how roles and responsibilities differ to create a team environment critical for providing optimal patient care. In light of the ongoing opioid epidemic associated with chronic pain, this interprofessional simulation focused on utilizing an interprofessional team approach to recognize the biopsychosocial and pharmacologic aspects of chronic pain management through creation of a patient-centered care plan using a virtual platform. Virtual IPE events can be performed by institutions with limited access to other healthcare disciplines for remote learning opportunities and can be adapted to develop comprehensive strategies to evaluate effectiveness of learning interventions among varied disciplines. Participants from the Schools of Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Health Related Professions, including occupational and physical therapy, participated in the virtual simulation event. The format was chosen to adhere to current COVID-19 safety guidelines and facilitate easier scheduling between disciplines. The event included individual pre-work through an online learning management system leading to a 2-h virtual simulation event. Interprofessional Education Collaborative, or IPEC developed competencies focused on communication and teamwork to establish activity objectives. International Association for the Study of Pain, or IASP, pain curriculum outlines provided additional objectives and guided presented information on best practice approaches for interprofessional pain management. Objectives were evaluated through peer team feedback, peer discipline feedback, and assessment of the comprehensive team care plan that consisted of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain management strategies. Programmatic review demonstrated students were able to have effective communication that led to a holistic patient care plan at the end of this activity.

Development and implementation of violence across the lifespan (VAL) interprofessional education modules for health sciences students addressing human trafficking, child maltreatment, and intimate partner violence

Many healthcare professionals lack the education, training, and clinical skills needed to intervene and care for individuals experiencing interpersonal violence. Current health care practices and systems rely on hierarchical decision making and identification of diagnoses and management plans within individualistic and isolated clinical specialty silos. This is a direct result of the present healthcare educational systems lacking the necessary knowledge and support to teach basic concepts related to the acute and chronic healthcare needs of patients experiencing interpersonal violence. The needs of these patients require that all members of the healthcare team perform within a coordinated, interprofessional, and collaborative team environment. Three interprofessional educational modules were developed by an interprofessional faculty group at a midwestern university. Participants included health sciences students enrolled in dentistry, emergency medical services, medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, pharmacy, physical therapy, and public health. Each module focused on a different type of interpersonal violence, including human trafficking, child maltreatment, and intimate partner violence. The modules included basic information regarding the identification and trauma informed care of patients experiencing interpersonal violence. During completion of each module, students participated in on-line discussion groups and addressed their future professional role in relation to other professions. These interprofessional modules have been offered for the past four years (2018–2021) and have educated a total of 672 health professions students.

The role of knowledge-based resources in Agile Software Development contexts

The software value chain is knowledge-based since it is highly dependant on people. Consequently, a lack of practice in managing knowledge as a resource may jeopardise its application in software development. Knowledge-Based Resources (KBRs) relate to employees’ intangible knowledge that is deemed to be valuable to a company’s competitive advantage. In this study, we apply a grounded theory approach to examine the role of KBRs in Agile Software Development (ASD). To this aim, we collected data from 18 practitioners from five companies. We develop the Knowledge-Push theory, which explains how KBRs boost the need for change in ASD. Our results show that the practitioners who participated in the study utilise, as primary strategies, task planning, resource management, and social collaboration. These strategies are implemented through the team environment and settings and incorporate an ability to codify and transmit knowledge. However, this process of codification is non-systematic, which consequently introduces inefficiency in the domain of knowledge resource utilisation, resulting in potential knowledge waste. This inefficiency can generate negative implications for software development, including meaningless searches in databases, frustration because of recurrent problems, the unnecessary redesign of solutions, and a lack of awareness of knowledge sources.

Career reflections of retired surgeons.

Career reflections of retired surgeons.

Virtual Student Teamwork in Higher Education: Is There a Secret Recipe for Productivity?

ABSTRACT Virtual teamwork in higher education is increasingly common. Asynchronous course delivery may provide additional challenges, particularly when collaborating on projects. In this study, we examine the influences of personality and teamwork attributes using regression and correlation analysis to determine which factors contribute the most to real and perceived productivity. Results indicate that individual students who were rated high in both planning and management experienced the most loss of perceived productivity when working on teams. Students on teams with higher-than-average team ratings in both providing a supportive team environment and high responsiveness to feedback, reported the highest gains in perceived productivity. These findings suggest that active approaches to creating supportive team environments and more feedback opportunities throughout the project lifespan could increase overall student team experiences with virtual teamwork.

The use of game mechanics in the professional training of future teachers in working with gifted children

The problem and the aim. One of the priorities of modern society is to create conditions conducive to the identification and development of gifted children. The training of teachers, during which the professional competencies of students are expanded to diagnose, support the abilities and talents of students, including those with special educational needs, takes place within the framework of the corresponding master's program. The purpose of the article is to investigate the impact of the use of game mechanics in the training of undergraduates, future experts in working with gifted children, on the quality of their professional training. Research methods. Authors described implementation of the game mechanics "Achievement", "Joint research", "Constraints", "Fun once – fun always", "User progress". Digital services for the gamification of education: visual designer Kodu Game Lab, virtual boards, random selection generators. 44 undergraduates of Vyatka Humanitarian University in the field of Pedagogical education are involved. Pedagogy of giftedness. Practice bases: schools, centers for the development of talented children, Orel State Institute of Culture. For additional research of students' opinions on the influence of game mechanics (on education in general, on work with gifted children, on professional development), the authors have developed a special questionnaire. The survey was performed in the MS Teams environment. The average age of respondents was 24 years (80% of girls and 20% of young people). Pearson’s criterion χ2 (chi-squared) was used for statistical data processing. Results. Gamification of the activities of undergraduates of the experimental group is presented as in the "not computer-based" form (business or board game, research project, etc.) and in the Kodu Game Lab environment. A questionnaire has been developed from three blocks: "Game mechanics in education", "Game mechanics for the development of students, including those with special educational needs", "Game mechanics for the professional development of a teacher". Statistically significant differences in the qualitative changes in the pedagogical system were revealed, χ2 observ. 2 > χ2 critic0.05 (6,71 > 5,99). In conclusion, the directions of modernization of the training of undergraduates, future teachers to work with gifted children are described, in accordance with the results of the survey.

The impact of internal marketing philosophy on a firm’s strategic orientation

The study investigates the impact of internal marketing philosophy on implementing strategic goals to leverage an innovative internal marketing concept for business growth. In the context of firms’ strategic orientation, the organization’s development, market position, and practices used to promote the desired organizational behavior are being examined. The paper focuses on large companies in Greece, which belong to the retail, manufacturing, and healthcare sectors. Moreover, these companies have been certified by “Great place to work.” A qualitative method via Nvivo software was used. Data were collected from 10 semi-structured interviews. Participants are executives with significant working experience and different managerial positions. The findings document the impact of the internal marketing concept on company development through policies concerning strengthening the organization’s presence and recruiting qualified employees. Moreover, the influence of the internal marketing concept on an organization’s market position with regard to a positive working environment and management style is highlighted. Finally, team environment emerges as a dominant trait in the organizational context, while values such as honesty, integrity, and reliability appear as critical features of the desired behavior. The study provides an updated managerial perspective by establishing a link between the theory of internal marketing and business process mapping. The results enable executives to focus on elements that better serve the implementation of strategic goals. Acknowledgment This study has been funded by the University of West Attica / Special Account for Research Grants.

Considerations for the Utilization of Questionnaires in Collegiate Team Environments

Questionnaires are commonplace in team and individual sports as a subjective tool to assess an athlete’s psychological perception and behavioral practices towards their performance and physical preparation. A consistent and systematic approach is required when administering questionnaires to an athlete or group of athletes. Proper questionnaire design and administration methods allow a strength and conditioning coach to effectively analyze the data and make actionable interventions when necessary. There are challenges in sports, especially team environments, which strength and conditioning professionals must maneuver to better help athletes. These challenges include sudden changes in practice or travel, coaching changes, administrative technicalities, athlete cooperation, and many more factors. When challenges arise, questionnaires are useful tool to gauge how an athlete responds to such changes. The purpose of this report is to outline strategies and considerations for strength and conditioning professionals to effectively implement questionnaires in the collegiate environment.

Task-related, intrinsic oscillatory and aperiodic neural activity predict performance in naturalistic team-based training scenarios

Effective teams are essential for optimally functioning societies. However, little is known regarding the neural basis of two or more individuals engaging cooperatively in real-world tasks, such as in operational training environments. In this exploratory study, we recruited forty individuals paired as twenty dyads and recorded dual-EEG at rest and during realistic training scenarios of increasing complexity using virtual simulation systems. We estimated markers of intrinsic brain activity (i.e., individual alpha frequency and aperiodic activity), as well as task-related theta and alpha oscillations. Using nonlinear modelling and a logistic regression machine learning model, we found that resting-state EEG predicts performance and can also reliably differentiate between members within a dyad. Task-related theta and alpha activity during easy training tasks predicted later performance on complex training to a greater extent than prior behaviour. These findings complement laboratory-based research on both oscillatory and aperiodic activity in higher-order cognition and provide evidence that theta and alpha activity play a critical role in complex task performance in team environments.

Upsetting the apple cart: Within-team profiles of intragroup conflict and their associations with narcissism

Different types of intragroup conflict (i.e., relationship, task, and process conflict) co-exist in team environments yet how this co-existence is expressed is poorly understood, particularly in sports teams. Further, there is a lack of knowledge surrounding the antecedents of intragroup conflict. Here, we examined the nature of conflict profiles in sports teams and investigated narcissism as an antecedent to the conflict profiles. In a large, multi-group sample (n = 1107 athletes from 109 teams), participants completed measures of intragroup conflict and narcissism. Team-level latent profile analysis of intragroup conflict variables indicated five distinct within-team conflict profiles which varied in patterns of relationship, task, and process conflict. Moreover, teams high in narcissism (both in terms of team mean and team maximum scores) were more likely to occupy dysfunctional conflict profiles, that is profiles high in all conflict types. These findings underscore the importance of considering conflict profiles within teams and provide the first evidence for narcissism as a contributing factor in the development of conflict profiles in groups.

POWR: A Framework to Bridge Research Planning and Dissertation Writing in Engineering and Information Technology

<bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Problem:</b> A Ph.D. is an extended study that requires an initial plan to conceptualize a research project, which is then refined, with results presented in a written dissertation. Diverse entry pathways to research mean that many Ph.D. candidates may experience difficulties in conceptualizing, aligning, and writing up their projects. Thus, there is a need for an effective framework to help students conceptualize their research, as well as a mechanism to transfer it to writing in the required genres. <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Key concepts:</b> The key concepts for this tutorial center on two fundamental groupings: sociocognitive and sociocultural planning processes, along with genre dissertation writing. <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Key lessons:</b> We present the Plan, Organize, Write, Research (POWR) framework. POWR proposes a way to link a sociocognitive and sociocultural planning process and the structuring of research communication. The framework has two stages: POWRa and POWRb. POWRa provides a way to conceptualize the iterative planning process underpinning a long-term project, and provides a bridge to POWRb, the more formal genre communication of the project, through the dissertation document. <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Implications for practice:</b> The tutorial provides a framework to articulate a research project in a supervisory and team environment. It uses terminology and structure relevant to engineering and information technology theses to illustrate the framework. The framework provides an iterative decision-making structure that is systematic, explicit, and equitable for research project planning and transfer into the writing genre of doctoral dissertations.

Distressed, detached, devalued and determined: aged care workers’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread impacts on the community and has demanded a rapid response from the aged care sector. System changes for infection control have been required including the use of personal protective equipment, lockdowns, visitor restrictions and changes to activities within aged care facilities. Even prior to COVID-19, the high physical and emotional demands of aged care work were recognised. Objective: This study sought to understand aged care workers’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Using a pragmatic paradigm qualitative data about work experiences during COVID-19 was collected from people employed in different aged care organisations in a range of aged care roles and settings from multiple Australian states. Data was collected using focus groups and interviews conducted online between August-October 2020. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify key themes in the data. Results: Participants included 15 people working across a range of aged care roles including clinical, care and management staff and across both residential and community settings. Five themes were identified which characterised aged care workers thoughts about their jobs during the pandemic. These included intensified procedures and emotional demands, feeling undervalued and detached from the frontline, exposure of existing system deficiencies, recognising teamwork and increased confidence in technology. Conclusion: Reflecting on aged care workers’ experiences of COVID-19 highlights the need to better support workers and acknowledge their important role in caring for older Australians. This includes at an organisational level by providing supportive environments and access to online resources as well as at the community and policy level by recognising aged care workers as frontline workers. The COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted existing systemic issues in the aged care sector that need to be addressed for the provision of quality aged care in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic and into the future. What is already known about the topic? While the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the global community, it is disproportionately impacting the aged care sector with higher rates of severe illness and death and wide-ranging system changes to prevent and control the spread of the virus. Prior to COVID-19, aged care work was associated with high job demands and lack of access to resources to support aged care workers in their role. Survey data on the Australian RACF workforce found workers felt prepared for the pandemic with a wide range of measures to control the spread of COVID-19 but they faced several challenges associated with their additional roles and restrictions. What this paper adds This paper provides qualitative and descriptive insights into the challenges experienced by the Australian aged care workforce during COVID-19 including increased workloads and intensified emotional demands of their roles while at the same time feeling undervalued by the wider community. This study has highlighted the need to better support and acknowledge aged care workers in the community through their portrayal in the media and within their organisations by facilitating supportive team environments and providing access to online resources and training. This paper discusses existing systemic issues that have been highlighted by COVID-19 and the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety and need to be addressed for the wellbeing of workers and the provision of quality aged care.

Power of pedaling: Physician well-being as a collaborative effort in social media-based cycling

Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of radiation oncologists, from the attending to trainee level, has been multifactorial. One such notable shift has been the limitation of colleague interactions to Zoom-type calls for over two years. Moreover, work-related stress has significantly risen largely due to additional and increasingly complex patient management secondary to COVID-related precautions. As part of the run-up to the ACRO 2022 Annual Meeting, we initiated a friendly competition utilizing a social media-based cycling platform to promote physician well-being as part of #TOURdeACRO. The goal was to support both formation of new connections and strengthening of existing ones between colleagues. Methods Team members were solicited via email, social media, the ACRO websites, and word of mouth. #TOURdeACRO occurred between 1/1/2022 and 2/28/2022. Team members competed based on the number of miles they completed using a social media-based cycling platform. Participants were asked to post their rides on social media platforms so that other Team Members could view the rides and offer positive encouragement. Interval updates were given to encourage friendly competition and reinforce continued investment of teammates in one another's progress. At the Annual meeting, all Team Members were given an official ACRO Racing Jersey to strengthen the unified team culture. Results A total of 7 female and 5 male team members participated, including3 resident physicians and 9 attending physicians. Female riders were significantly more productive than male riders, as evident by total combined mileage. The overall winner was determined on the last day of the #TOURdeACRO. The top three productive team members produced 1066 miles, 834 miles, and 787 miles over the two months. Eight riders reported significant increases in weekly and monthly mileage over their baseline in preceding months. Discussion A social media-based cycling platform was useful and effective in creating and fostering a team culture for a demographically diverse group of radiation oncology physicians. Moving forward, additional riders will be recruited and other social media-based platforms that involve exercise (other than cycling) will be explored to further strengthen this inclusive team environment to enhance physician well-being. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of radiation oncologists, from the attending to trainee level, has been multifactorial. One such notable shift has been the limitation of colleague interactions to Zoom-type calls for over two years. Moreover, work-related stress has significantly risen largely due to additional and increasingly complex patient management secondary to COVID-related precautions. As part of the run-up to the ACRO 2022 Annual Meeting, we initiated a friendly competition utilizing a social media-based cycling platform to promote physician well-being as part of #TOURdeACRO. The goal was to support both formation of new connections and strengthening of existing ones between colleagues. Team members were solicited via email, social media, the ACRO websites, and word of mouth. #TOURdeACRO occurred between 1/1/2022 and 2/28/2022. Team members competed based on the number of miles they completed using a social media-based cycling platform. Participants were asked to post their rides on social media platforms so that other Team Members could view the rides and offer positive encouragement. Interval updates were given to encourage friendly competition and reinforce continued investment of teammates in one another's progress. At the Annual meeting, all Team Members were given an official ACRO Racing Jersey to strengthen the unified team culture. A total of 7 female and 5 male team members participated, including3 resident physicians and 9 attending physicians. Female riders were significantly more productive than male riders, as evident by total combined mileage. The overall winner was determined on the last day of the #TOURdeACRO. The top three productive team members produced 1066 miles, 834 miles, and 787 miles over the two months. Eight riders reported significant increases in weekly and monthly mileage over their baseline in preceding months. A social media-based cycling platform was useful and effective in creating and fostering a team culture for a demographically diverse group of radiation oncology physicians. Moving forward, additional riders will be recruited and other social media-based platforms that involve exercise (other than cycling) will be explored to further strengthen this inclusive team environment to enhance physician well-being.

Student-Athlete Mental Health, Help-Seeking, and Service Utilization: Implications for a Multi-Tiered, Public Health Approach on College Campuses

ABSTRACT Student-athletes experience unique stressors and challenges that impact both their mental health and athletic performance. The current study sought to explore these stressors and challenges; examine how they relate to help-seeking, service access, and utilization; and recommend what colleges and universities can do to better support the mental health of student-athletes. Three focus groups were conducted with NCAA Division I student-athletes in upstate New York between November 2019 and October 2020. Student-athletes described significant stress juggling athletic, academic, and social demands while maintaining a performance level that met the expectations of their coaches and themselves. Student-athletes were also impacted by an unhealthy athletic culture and team environment, specific higher-risk transition periods, and inaccurate beliefs about student-athletes held by their non-athlete peers. While many athletes reported struggling with their mental health, they felt either unable or unwilling to seek help due to stigma, how it would appear to their coaches, the hours and location of the counseling center, and previous poor experiences accessing and utilizing services. The authors present a set of multi-tiered recommendations to help increase awareness, access to, and utilization of both on- and off-campus mental health services, resources, and supports.

Does Political Savviness Enhance Employee Voice? Speaking Up when Coworkers are Ostracized

Given that organizations are functions of intricate and interpersonal systems, the severity and pervasiveness of workplace ostracism – defined as the extent to which an individual perceives he or she is being ignored in the workplace – can have devastating effects on both employee and organizational outcomes. Much of the literature has largely established workplace ostracism to be a dyadic event between the perpetrator and the target by mainly examining targets’ reactions from a need-threat perspective. Yet, as individual employees interact with and are often nested within a team environment, ostracism may impact not only the target but also the other individuals that share the same social context (i.e., group members, coworkers). To address the understudied indirect effects of workplace ostracism on third parties, this study adopts a social information processing approach to examine how the ostracism of an employee’s coworkers affects his or her own work outcomes such as voice behavior. We contend that individuals are not merely passive recipients of the social environment but can utilize their abilities and knowledge (i.e., political savviness) to successfully navigate socially disruptive environments. A study was conducted involving a sample of 154 employees and their supervisors from a large biotechnology firm in China. The results showed that employees were less likely to engage in voice behaviors when their coworkers were ostracized in the workplace. The study also revealed a significant three-way interaction effect between political understanding and political skill on the relationship between coworkers’ ostracism and employee voice, supporting the notion that political savviness is a valuable resource in mitigating ostracism’s negative effects. Organizational implications, recommendations and future research ideas are also discussed.

The linkage between cognitive diversity and team innovation: Exploring the roles of team humor styles and team emotional intelligence via the conservation of resources theory

Researchers have displayed considerable interest in how and when team cognitive diversity leads to improved or impaired team innovation. When addressing this issue, scholars have adopted the information/decision making and social categorization theoretical perspectives. In contrast, we draw on conservation of resources (COR) theory when examining the cognitive diversity and team innovation relationship. We argue that in a team environment, cognitive diversity may result in the threat of losing valuable resources. This threat, in turn, encourages team members to engage in resource replenishment through the use of different humor styles (i.e., affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating). We argue that, with such resource replenishment, four team-level humor styles emerge and mediate the relationship between cognitive diversity and team innovation. In addition, we expect team emotional intelligence to moderate the relationships between cognitive diversity and team humor styles. Our model has important theoretical implications for team diversity, humor, emotional intelligence, and innovation research. Team cognitive diversity can be defined as the extent to which team members differ in their ideas, perspectives, or values. Cognitive diversity is important for teams to cultivate innovation although it may also result in relationship conflicts and the formation of subgroups in a team. Our paper views cognitive diversity as a signal that drives team members to use humor to cope with diversity. This may then result in different humor styles (i.e., affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating) that characterize the way the team uses humor. For instance, while working in a cognitively diverse team, team members might make a joke about work that the whole team laughs together (i.e., affiliative humor). However, some members might use sarcasm to insult others who are different from the group norms (i.e., aggressive humor). We argue that the team humor styles will influence team innovation, which in turn will link cognitive diversity with team innovation. Moreover, we suggest that team emotional intelligence will influence the extent to which the four team humor styles link cognitive diversity and team innovation.

What Is the Relationship Between Psychological Safety and Team Productivity and Effectiveness During Concept Development? An Exploration in Engineering Design Education

Abstract While psychological safety is a consistent, generalizable, and multilevel predictor of outcomes in team performance across fields that can positively impact the creative process, there have been limited investigations of psychological safety in the engineering domain. Without this knowledge, we do not know whether fostering psychological safety in a team environment is important for specific engineering design outputs from concept generation and screening practices. This study provides one of the first attempts at addressing this research gap through an empirical study with 69 engineering design student teams over the course of 4- and 8-week design projects. Specifically, we sought to identify the role of psychological safety on the number and quality (judged by goodness) of ideas generated. In addition, we explored the role of psychological safety on ownership bias and goodness in the concept screening process. The results of the study identified that while psychological safety was negatively related to the number of ideas a team developed, it was positively related to the quality (goodness) of the ideas developed. This result indicates that while psychological safety may not increase team productivity in terms of the number of ideas produced, it may impact team effectiveness in coming up with viable candidate ideas to move forward in the design process. In addition, there was no relationship between psychological safety and ownership bias during concept screening. These findings provide quantitative evidence on the role of psychological safety on engineering team idea production and identify areas for further study.

Conflict between a captain and star player: An ethnodrama of interpersonal conflict experiences

Within sports psychology, researchers have explored intrapersonal conflict, and how individuals perceived to be “problematic players” can create conflict in a team environment. We present an exploration of the psychosocial processes of a case of interpersonal conflict that occurred in an elite sports environment. The case centers on Warwickshire cricket club’s successful, treble-winning season in 1994, and focuses on the conflict that occurred throughout that season between club captain, Dermot Reeve and star batsman Brian Lara. The data sources used in this study were the autobiographical accounts of the captain and star player, supplemented by autobiographical accounts from the coach and a third player, and subsequent interviews with seven other players from the team. We first adopt the role of story-analysts, by undertaking a thematic analysis of data and then the role of story-tellers via the development of an ethnodrama, developed to illustrate the conflict between Reeve and Lara. The dialogue within the ethnodrama highlighted some of the determinants of these conflicts and the resulting consequences from multiple perspectives of those involved. Recommendations are offered in terms of interpersonal conflict and the potential use of ethnodrama as a pedagogic resource. Lay summary: Using autobiographies and player interviews, we studied conflict within one of the most successful sports teams in history. The data are presented as an ethnodrama to showcase the complexity of conflict, encourage reader engagement with the results, and promote discourse on varied perspectives on conflict. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This work provides a novel insight into the conflict between a captain and star player occurring in an elite environment. The ethnodrama allows readers to understand the determinants and consequences of conflict from multiple perspectives. The ethnodrama could be used as a resource to develop shared understanding, create empathy for different perspectives between individuals in conflict, and stimulate discussion as an educational resource in performance domains.