Take-off Stage Research Articles

Population and development: lessons from the Japanese Meiji experience revisited.

The model developed in this study is of a long-run supply-oriented nature consisting of economic and demographic components. The study demonstrates that the economic structure observed at the take-off stage of Japans development is different from that in operation at present in the developing regions of Asia. The simulation results indicate that population growth patterns of Japans early development period contributed to a faster growth of gross national product per capita than that in developing countries in contemporary Asia. In the 30-year period of simulation the GNP per capita is almost 43% higher than that derived from the model representing the developing countries. The primary source of the uniqueness of Japans demographic changes in her early development stage is the improvement in mortality reflecting the fact that while Meiji Japan experienced a gradual decline in mortality which accompanied its economic development mortality declines in contemporary developing countries have been induced by modern medical technology and public health measures imported from developed countries. It was also found that the mechanism of fertility reduction observed in Meiji Japan is comparable to that in operation in the developing countries in Asia. Further research on the fertility mechanism in the early stages of Japans economic development may lead to results useful to the formulation of effective fertility policies in Asias developing nations.

The take-off stage in the 30 years of the Korean Academy of Business History(KABH, 1995~1999) - Important activities and performances during the take-off stage -

The take-off stage in the 30 years of the Korean Academy of Business History(KABH, 1995~1999) - Important activities and performances during the take-off stage -

POWER AVAILABILITY AND REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALL-SCALE RICE FARM OPERATIONS: A CASE IN RIAU PROVINCE, INDONESIA

The objective of this study was to identify the power availability and requirement for small-scale ricefarming operations in Riau Province. Primary and secondary data were gathered from different sources.A total of 120 farmers were interview to collect data primer from two selected rice centers in tworegencies of the province during the 2008 rainy cropping season. As a result, the availability of farmpower still is very low, although showing an increasing trend during a period of 1997-06 primarily formechanical power unit. During the same period, the stage of rice mechanization process has also beenrelatively low and still below the take-off stage in critical point of the mechanization process. Underthese conditions, it was analyzed that the increased number of farm power has no effect on totalcultivated area and yield of rice over the years. The main sources of farm power practiced by ricefarmers are human labor and mechanical power, while draught animal was not used in Riau rice farmingoperations anymore. Mechanical power is just used to perform land preparation, threshing and millingoperations, while other farm operations are still done completely by manual. The total power requiredper hectare of rice farm operations was 418 kW (561 hp) on average. Although mechanized farmoperations need more power, the total operation hours would decrease significantly. The results suggestthat efforts should be taken to continuously encourage farmers to adopt mechanical power technologiesin order to carry out farm operations timely and short period, and to make rice production process moreproductive and efficient.

Factors Affecting the Survival of SMEs: A Study of Biotechnology Firms in South Korea

Past studies examining survival factors of biotechnology firms have focused on pioneer countries, such as the USA, the UK and Germany. However, as the biotechnology industry in Asia is reaching the take-off stage and showing a high growth rate, the research on survival factors in the context of Asian latecomers is needed. The present research investigates internal and external factors affecting the survival of SMEs (Small and Medium-sized Enterprises) in the biotechnology industry in South Korea. The Cox hazard model was employed to perform a robust estimation in survival analysis. The analysis of internal factors showed that the origin of a firm (i.e., having prior experience or spin-offs) and the business sub-sector (i.e., platform-based) affect the hazard rates of biotechnology firms. In terms of external factors, unlike strategic alliances, government R&D funding lowered hazard rates for the firm’s survival. Additionally, considering that the reasons of firm exit can be divided into bankruptcy and M&A (Mergers and Acquisitions), the different effects of origins from other firms and strategic alliance for firm survival are confirmed. The results suggest that prior experience, platform-based and constant government R&D funding contribute to the sustainable development of SMEs in the biotechnology industry.

Remote detection of the swarming of honey bee colonies by single-point temperature monitoring

Precision Beekeeping (or Precision Apiculture) aims to help beekeepers monitor bee colonies remotely and identify different colony states including deviant behaviour. One monitoring target is the remote identification of bee colony swarming since this is one of the factors that can significantly reduce profitability. To identify temperature dynamics and its patterns for swarming detection, ten colonies were constantly monitored for four months from 1 May to 31 August 2015. Nine swarms were observed during experiments. During the warm-up stage, in the last 10–20 min before take-off, a temperature rise by 1.5–3.4 °C from typical range 34–35 °C to range 37–38 °C was registered by a temperature sensor placed above the polyethylene foil covering the upper hive body under the pillow. For all swarming events it was common that a bee colony needs a relatively small amount of time (from 8 to 20 min) to warm up before take-off. It was concluded that a single temperature sensor above the bee nest combined with a proposed decision support algorithm can be used for automatic remote detection of swarming at take-off stage.

KEBIJAKSANAAN PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA MENGHADAPI ERA TINGGAL LANDAS

Human resources are a very important factor in their role to the development of many developing countries such as Indonesia. The development of human resources should be carefully planned by paying attention to the needs of its social structure as well as its national technology. For this reason, it needs appropriate relied strategy to be able the industrial community to prepare it self thoroughly during the present take-off stage era. One of its strategy is by identifying the problems which would possibly take place around the take-off stage, both domestic as well as foreign. The shift of the world economic structure that happened as a consequence of the development of new technology, and the slackening of the cold war between two very powerful countries are two most essential questions among the foreign problems; whereas the obstacles that come from the country itself are among others the extremely low labour productivity of Indonesia as a consequence of the poor educational level of the majority of the population, the low wages, the serious problems of unemployment,the inappropriate work ethics and work disciplines, and its inability inworld competition.Eased on the above statements, the most important effort to obtain potential human resources during the coming take-off stage era is by improving the quantity and quality of resources to be able to answer every challenge that may emerge later, and by putting high priority on the overall reorganization of human resources of Indonesiato become one of much stronger integrity.

Meta-analyses on the Competitiveness Evaluation of Convention Destinations

There are many studies carried on about the competitiveness of convention/exhibition destinations with intense competition among convention cities worldwide. This study examined the recent literature about convention destination competitiveness with meta-analyses. To fill the research gap, the literature were selected from journal papers in multiple languages initiatively, which are in English, Chinese and Korean. Key elements of academic papers such as publish year, key words, research paradigm, methodology were examined. The research found that studies in English were still the dominant researches, leading the topics, issues and research directions in related academic fields with a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods. These studies paid more attention to the attractiveness/attributes of the destination during site selection or decision--making process on the perspectives of meeting planners or attendees. Korean studies strictly followed western studies and developed new conceptual frameworks innovatively. Chinese studies were in the take-off stage of scale development for convention destination competitiveness with simplified methods. Limitations and implications of the study are given based on the research findings.

Marketing Problems Encountered by First Generation Entrepreneurs - A Study with Reference to Madurai in Tamilnadu

Many entrepreneurs manage the take-off stage and fall sick later on. It is also not uncommon that many small scale industrial units after a successful running for so many years may also fall sick due to a sudden competition, non-availability of incentives and concessions and lack of financial and marketing support. Many industrial units, which are apparently healthy, may be within the area of sickness if they are subjected to critical evaluation by supplying certain yardsticks, which tend to measure the financial soundness. The main objective of the study is based on the marketing and location problems encountered by the first generation entrepreneurs. The primary data have been collected from the respondents directly for the period of study is impounded to one year. An attempt has been made to identify the factors which influenced the first generation entrepreneurs to identify their skills. The Subsidies, tax concession, relaxation of norms, may be introduced to new/first generation entrepreneurs. With this solution the problem of first generation entrepreneurs will not come to an end. It is a vibrant and hence an eternal follow-up actions according to the prevailing environment is also to be taken or otherwise the present prevailing condition of the small scale industries, operated by the first generation entrepreneurs will be an incessant one, not only in Madurai city but also everywhere in India.

Diffusion of innovations in Axelrod’s model

.Axelrod’s model for the dissemination of culture contains two key factors required to model the process of diffusion of innovations, namely, social influence (i.e. individuals become more similar when they interact) and homophily (i.e. individuals interact preferentially with similar others). The strength of these factors is controlled by two parameters: F, the number of features that characterize the cultures, and q, the common number of states each feature can assume. For fixed F, a large value of q reduces the frequency of interactions between individuals because it makes their cultures more diverse. Here we assume that the innovation is a new state of a cultural feature of a single individual—the innovator—and study how the innovation spreads through the networks of the individuals. For infinite regular lattices in one (1D) and two dimensions (2D), we find that initially successful innovation spreads linearly with time t, but in the long-time limit it spreads diffusively (∼t1/2) in 1D and sub-diffusively (∼) in 2D. For finite lattices, the growth curves for the number of adopters are typically concave functions of t. For random graphs with a finite number of nodes N, we argue that the classical S-shaped growth curves result from a trade-off between the average connectivity K of the graph and the per-feature diversity q. A large q is needed to reduce the pace of the initial spreading of the innovation and thus delimit the early-adopters stage, whereas a large K is necessary to ensure the onset of the take-off stage at which the number of adopters grows superlinearly with t. In an infinite random graph we find that the number of adopters of a successful innovation scales with with for K > 2 and for K = 2. We suggest that the exponent γ may be a useful index to characterize the process of diffusion of successful innovations in diverse scenarios.

Experimental investigation on the operating characteristics of a dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe subjected to acceleration field

High power and high local heat flux electronic devices employed in aircraft and spacecraft sustain the high acceleration condition in maneuvers and take-off stage. Loop heat pipe (LHP) are promising in dissipating high heat load to meet the increasing cooling needs. This article presents an experimental investigation on the operating characteristics of a dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe (DCCLHP) under elevated acceleration conditions. A centrifuge with a 2 m-long arm is used to provide the acceleration up to 7 g with four different acceleration directions. The heat load applied on the evaporator ranges from 80 W to 300 W. The typical performances in terrestrial were obtained and the influence of the different acceleration direction and magnitude on the operating characteristics was analyzed. Experimental results show that the change of the vapor–liquid distributions induced by the acceleration force results in some specific operating characteristics of the DCCLHP. The operating temperature becomes lower as the effect of the acceleration force improves the liquid returning. The operation of the DCCLHP demonstrates the sensitive behavior to the acceleration direction at small heat load and insensitive behavior at large heat load. It was also found that the acceleration magnitude can alter the operating mode. A number of unstable phenomena are observed under both terrestrial gravity and elevated acceleration conditions.

Non-Linear PID Controller Parameter Optimization of Vertical Take-Off and Landing Stage for Tilt Rotor Aircraft

Proportion, integration and differential gain of nonlinear PID Controller is nonlinear function of controlling error. This paper performed the non-linear PID controller parameter optimization of vertical take-off and landing stage for tilt rotor aircraft using the genetic algorithm. Dual loop control is used. Inner loop is angular velocity loop. Outer loop is angular position loop. According to the features of stability control of vertical take-off and landing stage of tilt rotor aircraft, system ascend time, steady error, and weighted overshoot are chosen as objective function of optimization. Simulation results show that controller designed by the present method can meet the requirement of control.

Control Law and Simulation Analysis of Vertical Take-Off and Landing Stage of Tilt Rotor Aircraft

This paper utilized the genetic algorithm to optimize the PID controller of vertical take-off and landing stage of tilt rotor aircraft. According to the features of stability control of vertical take-off and landing stage of tilt rotor aircraft, system ascend time, steady error, and weighted overshoot are chosen as objective function of optimization. Simulation results show that PID controller designed by the genetic algorithm possess the excellent flexibility, adaptability and can produce the better control effect.

Simulating the Longitudinal Dynamics of a Tracked Vehicle

The simulation procedure has always been considered as a giant leap forward, especially in the field of basic designing of a product. There is nothing new underneath the basic concept, but the scientific and technical progress always brings up new techniques that improve simulation in its whole. When we talk about a vehicle, especially about a military one, we consider that it is much cheaper to simulate a process involving the weapon system than performing countless tests that are rather expensive. In this respect, we tried to develop a simulation mathematical model, check its accuracy with a set of extensive tests, prove it reliability and further extrapolate the behavior of the simulated model to a larger number of military vehicles of the same kind. It could help in various fields, such as diagnose (by comparing the simulated results with the real ones got from a faulty vehicle) or automatically regulating some functions (an intelligent vehicle, having an implemented, simulated model, that is able to feel the status of a subsystem in real time and regulate its behavior, accordingly). Hence, the paper presents a model that simulates the longitudinal dynamics of a tracked vehicle. It has been issued using Simulink module of Matlab programming environment. It aims at pointing out the performances of the vehicle. The models interface is friendly and its structure is modular. The main modules of the model are the engine, the torque converter, the transmission and the track. The engine and the torque converter are modeled using the experimental maps obtained by the tests that have been previously developed by the manufacturer. The main principle of the equations that describe the system is to set a balance among the forces (both active and resistive) that load the vehicle. The inputs of the model are the technical and dimensional features, provided by the manufacturer or experimentally determined. The output of the model is a dynamic behavior. Comparing the results with the experimental data eventually validates or invalidates the model. But the results were excellent, so the model was validated. Also, the results proved that the developed model is able to predict the performances of the take-off stage of the tracked vehicle.

감성특성을 반영한 술잔 디자인 개발 프로세스 연구 -한국 전통주 약주잔 디자인 도출을 중심으로-

우리나라의 전통주는 막걸리 붐 이후 주춤한 발전을 보이고 있으며, 이에 따라 전통주의 특성을 반영한 술잔을 활용한 명품화 및 세계화 전략을 통한 도약이 필요한 시점이다. 현재까지 우리나라의 전통주 술잔 디자인 개발은 심미성 및 유통 편의성에만 초점을 맞추거나, 디자인 개발의 세분화 고급화 연구화 등의 일시적 발전양상을 보여오긴 하였으나, 전통주의 특성을 기획 단계부터 반영하여 상품화한 사례나 프로세스는 없었다. 따라서 전통주의 특성을 반영한 술잔 디자인 설계 프로세스 기술 수립하는 것이 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구는 전통주의 특성을 감성요소인 오감과 스토리텔링으로 나누어 분석하고, 이들 중 술잔 디자인에 필요한 요소들을 추출하고, 이를 기반으로 전통주 술잔의 형태 소재 같은 시각화하는 관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 이러한 요소 중, 특히 대상 전통주가 갖고 있는 역사나 설화와 같은 스토리텔링을 기반으로 한 술잔의 라벨, 문양, 장식적 요소 등 디자인을 결정하여 해당 전통주의 상품성을 극대화할 수 있는 요소들을 도출할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 기존 소규모 가양주의 수출이 주춤하고 있는 상황에서 감성요소와 스토리텔링이 있는 전통주의 특성을 살려 경쟁력 있는 술잔 디자인을 개발함으로써 새로운 수출전략을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Korean traditional alcohol's growth gets declined after Makgeolli's boom and it's time to enter the takeoff stage using cup based on the characteristics of each alcohols in order to their globalization and quality improvement. For now, there are 3 features of Korean traditional alcohol's cup design development; subdivision, quality improvement, systematization. However, there's no product design case that reflect the characteristics of the alcohol from the planning phase. Therefore, it needs to establish process technology for storytelling and emotion based cup design. This research aims to extract the specification for cup design and to find out the visualization element of cup's shape and material by studying 5 senses and traditional alcohol's objective informations. Through the study, the elements that can maximize the specific traditional alcohol's marketability: cup's label, pattern, decorative element based on the storytelling like history and tale were found. As a result, those result can give a new export strategy by developing competitive design that has emotional element and storytelling from the traditional alcohol's characteristics in a situation of stagnant export of the small sized home-brewed liquor business.

Rural Education, an Important Factor of Regional Development in the Context of Local Government Strategies

Rural education is one of the important factors in regional development supported by the central government. Implementing policies, it facilitates the effective functioning of the new roles assumed by other actors. With decentralization, local governments will have to assume greater responsibilities and would become the focal centres for local development. Local governments have to be effectively linked with national levels as well as with local communities. They would be expected to undertake certain activities hitherto performed the central government, such as certain legal and regulatory functions and the provision of services like extension. In addition, especially with increased demand and diversification of economic activities mainly due to the growing emphasis on globalization and associated changes, they would be entrusted with extra responsibilities. As a result, these may include guiding local communities, especially at the take-off stage, facilitating the capacity-building of local communities, catalyzing the interactions between the community organizations and the organized private sector, installation of monitoring mechanisms, etc. In order to do this, we summarized critical points in rural education development. We proposed an informatics programme able to analyze the performance of the education system in regional development based on major indicators of efficiency and effectiveness.

Optimising the Development options in TWCs: Looking beyond Foreign Aid

Growth development theorists such as Rowstow have averred that third world countries (TWCs) need foreign Aid to stimulate development and move them into the 'take-off stage' which is characterized by growth and development. However, after decades of aid inflow into TWCs, the majority of TWCs are still struggling to achieve their development objectives. Therefore, it is doubtful if aids alone can jump-start development in TWCs. This reality has given rise to a plethora of alternate propositions aimed at realizing the development objectives of TWCs. The central argument of this paper is that Aid alone cannot improve the status of TWCs. It is further argued in the paper that Aid needs to be complemented by stimulants (initiated within TWCs) such as Remittance, Taxation, and Public-Private Partnership (PPP) to solve their economic development problems. To this end, it is suggested that an approach which combines indigenous options with Aid will significantly advance the development objectives of TWCs.

The development of wine tourism in the Conegliano Valdobbiadene area

Tourism has increased significantly in the last decades, in terms of both international visitor flows and revenues.Within these dynamics, assuming the Australian model of wine tourism, which is dominant in many wine-growing areas, the study aims to verify the development stage of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, one of the most important enological districts in Italy.The paper is divided in three parts. The first introduces the principal changes that have regarded tourist flows in Italy and in Veneto, which is the most important tourist region in the country. The second and third parts describe some of the interpretative models of international (Australia, Argentina, California) and national (e.g. Piedmont, Campania) wine tourism demand in relation to the types that characterize the supply in the case study. In the fourth part, using multivariate analysis methods, the case of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG is investigated by means of a study conducted on a representative sample of 130 wineries.The choice of the model is validated in the case of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG. The results reveal that the area is at a take-off stage, with as yet unrealized development potential. This model could therefore be usefully extended to other wine tourism situations.

Take-Off Motion Planning of Legged Hopping Robot with Redundancy Characteristic

The planning for four-joint legged hopping robot with two redundant degrees of freedom at the take-off stage is researched. According to the take-off velocity and the boundary condition of centroid motion, the trajectory is planned with variable quartic polynomial interpolation. From inverse kinematics, the motion planning with redundancy characteristic is completed by using the GPM with continuous scale factor. Performance index of avoiding joint limit and optimizing joint driving torque are realized. The data indicates the feasibility and practicability of this algorithm.

State Welfarism and Social Welfare in Asia

This paper has analyzed and discussed the social welfare policies of the Asian countries—the responsibilities of international activist institutions and the State towards individuals in terms of state welfarism and social and economic protection, and the conventional family system, which was and still is the core responsible institution for the well-being of its members. The paper has presented economic and poverty indicators (19), demographic, social and economic indicators associated social welfarism (16), satisfaction related indicators (7), and funding related indicators that have association with social welfarism (9). This has also analyzed and discussed the gap between the international propaganda on social welfare, social policies of the Government and its actual delivery and the situation of vacuum being created due to the moribund family system of slothful state welfarism, in the new living context created by the notion of right-prone individualism. The study has identified along with their history of starting social security provisions the present state major workfare and welfare and welfare protection in the Asian countries, thereby explored countries falling into five levels of social welfare system by taking a combined state of poverty, vulnerable employment, and government expenditure on education, health and social protection, namely (i) early stage of welfare system; (ii) transition to take-off stage of welfare system; (iii) take-off stage of welfare system; (iv) transition to drive to maturity stage of welfare system; and (v) the drive to maturity stage of welfare system. Finally, the paper has presented the critical areas for dialogue where the synergy of the propagandist international activism, state slothfulness, moribund family dynamics, and right-prone individualism interface for a reliable and sustainable social welfare with affection, protection, nurturance, and protection thereby live in peace and harmony with dignity.

The Methods of Forecasting Some Events During the Aircraft Takeoff and Landing

The algorithmic methods of estimation current and forecasting of the future movement of the aircraft are offered. The methods are based on the energy approach to flight control of air vehicles. The energy balance equation is generalized on runway stages. Equation describes the process of changing the aircraft total energy in whole trajectory, including the ahead segment. The length of this segment is calculated from the conditions of achieving the required final energy state. For the takeoff stage the forecast algorithm calculates the position of the aircraft on runway, from which it is possible to speed up till the speed of steady level flight and to reach the altitude for overcoming the high-altitude obstacles. The length of braking distance is determined for the landing stage. The correction of the forecasting algorithms is proposed for the purpose of an increasing in likelihood of forecast. The results of the simulation of many takeoffs and landings of passenger aircraft with different weights with the obstacles presence and with the engine failure are given.