System Management Research Articles

Utilizing Machine Learning for Intelligent Data Management in Event-Driven Microservices Architectures

The following research paper is a case study of three specific machine learning algorithms, LSTM networks, GBMs and RL for managing data in event-driven microservices architectures. This work assesses the performance of these algorithms using factors including anomaly detection, resource consumption prediction, and service coordination concerning such challenges as anomalies. LSTM networks was used in assessment of the anomalous patterns with accuracy reaching 92%, and false positive rate of 5%. The ability of the GBMs was evaluated for its capacity to accurately predict resource requirements, and in turn, minimize resource over-commitment and under-commitment that occurred, achieving 89% accuracy, with a percentage variation of 18% and 14% accordingly. The RL algorithms proved their potential to enhance the decision-making process governing the orchestration of services and failure recovery with the decision-makers achieving 22% increase in decision making accuracy and failure recovery time was reduced to 4. 5 minutes. These algorithms are discussed separately in the next sections with reference to their applications in intelligent data management in business event processing system. These findings are useful to improve the application of these machine learning techniques to increase the performance, utilization of resources and reliability of the system.

Information on standardisation and standards as new indicators to forecast technological and industrial changes

ABSTRACT Product architecture changes fundamentally through the recombination of existing component technologies, as radical innovation accelerates. We analysed these structural changes in the case of the display industry. We shed light on standards information that could be new indicator to predict technological and industrial innovation. We addressed two issues. First, whether standardisation information is a leading indicator to detect and forecast technological and industrial changes. Second, whether standard information shows technological information flow signalling new technological fields. As methodology, we conducted case studies and empirical analysis using the information on standardisation and standards from the ‘activity process’ and ‘activity result’ viewpoint, respectively. As results, case studies showed a changing role from responsive to anticipatory standards by verifying that recent standardisation activities preceded the time of new product releases in world/Asian markets. We also found out that reconfiguration in the value chain that standardisation in component technologies has contributed to function technological fields. Network analysis using bibliographic information of standards revealed linkage patterns of technological knowledge flows with supporting the case studies. We propose the necessity of active participation in the standardisation process from industrial viewpoint with monitoring the industrial and technological trends. From policy viewpoint, we suggest construction and management of standards-related information system.

Sosialisasi Pemetaan Geologi, Drainase Kawasan, dan Cekungan Air Tanah Guna Pencegahan Longsor di Kelurahan Sadeng

This article discusses the socialization activities of geological mapping, regional drainage, and groundwater basins (CAT) in Sadeng Village aimed at increasing public understanding of the conditions of their area in order to prevent landslides. This socialization involved various parties, including local agencies, academics, and community leaders, with a focus on geological conditions, drainage systems, and potential groundwater basins in the area. The methods used included field surveys, participatory mapping, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) to identify geological conditions and major problems in the drainage system and groundwater management. The results of this activity showed that the community began to understand the conditions of the area, realized the importance of protecting the environment and was actively involved in improving the drainage system and groundwater management. The recommendations prepared included construction solutions according to the results of geological mapping, and improvements to drainage infrastructure. This socialization is expected to be a model for implementation in other areas with similar environmental characteristics.

Crying wolf, alarm safety and management in paediatrics: A scoping review.

To provide a contemporaneous evidentiary overview of neonatal and paediatric studies investigating alarm-related patient safety and alarm system management. Furthermore, to describe how clinical alarm burden is captured and reported, to identify clinical devices that contribute to alarm burden, to explore alarm-related and patient safety measures and terminologies and to review alarm management initiatives. Scoping review. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus and EBSCOhost was conducted from 2013 to 2023 using predetermined search terms, index terms, medical subject headings and truncation. Observational and qualitative studies with neonatal and paediatric populations reporting monitoring and alarm practices; and interventional studies reporting the success of alarm safety interventions were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the mixed methods appraisal tool. The search yielded 37 studies of acceptable quality. The majority explored alarm burden associated with physiological monitoring (n = 35; 95%). Alarm definitions were reported in 46% (n = 17) of studies, and commonly included what constituted actionable and non-actionable alarms. While 32% (n = 12) of studies considered alarms in relation to clinical outcomes surrounding patient safety, clinician response to alarms was only reported in 19% (n = 7) of studies. Alarm and monitoring interventions were assessed in 51% (n = 19) of included studies, with categorization into six domains: changing alarm parameters, clinician education, communication and planning, technology, alarm ordering and standardization or guidelines. This review has demonstrated the enormity of alarms in clinical settings, heterogeneity of alarm definitions and outlined interventions associated with alarm burden and patient safety. Strategies to ensure appropriate alarm limits are set and clinicians are empowered through education to recognize and respond appropriately to alarms can maximize patient safety. This review adheres to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols extension for scoping reviews. No patient or public contribution.

Analysis on the application of FMEA in 'instrument and equipment surface cleaning and disinfection' in hospitals based on standardization and cleaning and disinfection information system management.

To analyze the application of 'instrument and equipment surface cleaning and disinfection' in hospitals based on standardization and the management of cleaning and disinfection information systems. Employees and all cleaning and disinfected instruments and equipment from 56 inpatient departments in our hospital were selected as the subjects of observation. The period before the intervention (January 2023) was designated as the control group, while the period after the intervention (July 2023) was designated as the study group. In the control group, the instruments and equipment under routine management were disinfected. The research team applied the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method to clean and disinfect the surfaces of instruments and equipment on the basis of standardization and cleaning and disinfection information system management. Employees' theoretical knowledge points and operational skill scores before and after the intervention were compared and evaluated. The changes in the risk priority coefficient (RPN) values of high-risk factors were analyzed. Fifty-six clinical medical staff from 56 inpatient departments in the hospital were selected to evaluate the clinical satisfaction of the cleaning and disinfection management of instruments and equipment before and after the intervention, and the clinical satisfaction of the two groups was compared. The scores of theoretical knowledge and operational skills of the staff in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The passing rates of theoretical knowledge and operational skills in the control group and the research group were 44.64 and 94.64% respectively, and 55.36 and 96.43%, respectively. The qualified rate of theoretical knowledge and operational skills of staff in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The RPN scores of medical personnel, environment, system and system guarantee factors in the control group were 80, 80, 80, and 100, respectively. The RPN scores of medical personnel factors, environmental factors, system factors and system guarantee factors in the research group were 6, 24, 24, and 36, respectively. Through standardization and cleaning and disinfection information system management, the theoretical knowledge and technical operation capabilities of cleaning can be effectively improved.

Feeder–Line Concept Development For Public Transportation Network In Urban Area Based On O-D Matrix And Performance Evaluation

The management of the public transport network system is very important because it affects the future of the city and supports the activities of the community in travelling and movement. This research aims to develop a feeder-line concept on the public transport network based on O-D Matrix and Operational Performance Evaluation. The research method used is the operational performance standard indicator approach based on the Directorate General of Land Transportation SK 687/AJ.206/DRJD/2002 and the O-D Matrix method in determining new route recommendations. This research uses secondary data as well as primary surveys to assess operational performance. The results show that the level of operational performance of public transport in the research area there are still several routes below the standard with a total of routes operating from D1 to D8 of which 75% of the routes are in good condition and the other 25% of the routes have substandard assessment results with a total value of ?18. Thus, it is recommended that rerouting to be carried out on routes whose operational performance is still below standard, namely routes D7, and D8 based on the characteristics of the feeder-line concept to BRT Corridor 2.

Real-Time Location Systems: Revolutionizing Porter Services for Improving Patient Care Efficiency.

Transport porters (TPTs) are essentially involved in supporting hospital operations and maintaining high-quality patient care. The traditional porter management lacks transmission of temporal and spatial information of the porters thus affecting porter operations. In this work, we investigate the barriers in traditional porter management and the impact of a real-time location system (RTLS) in improving time and cost efficiency for porter operations. A six-month study was conducted at Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram investigating the limitations of traditional management and efficiency of indoor porter tracking system (IPTS) on TPTs operational activities by assessing the waiting time and total turnaround time (TAT). The cost-effectiveness of IPTS was determined based on capital expenditure and return on investment (ROI) post-technology implementation. This study highlights that improvements are required in porter management as 175 out of 285 (62%) calls were unanswered by TPTs. Post deployment of IPTS, the TAT for A-wing was reduced from 28 minutes to 20 minutes, and for B-wing, it was reduced from 26 minutes to 18 minutes. Staff optimization of three and four porters was done for A-wing and B-wing, respectively. The capital expenditure was recovered by reduced wait time and optimization of staff, thereby anticipating a monthly saving of ₹0.18 million (US$ 2150). The effective outcome of IPTS porter management envisaged its expansion to inpatient medicine delivery with a substantial cost reduction of ₹8.0 million (US$ 96,000) over three years. The implementation of IPTS improved the operational activities of porters and improved staff utilization. Cost savings from staff optimization lays the groundwork for new technology integrations for long-term operational advancements.

A smart monitoring and observation framework for aquaponics ecosystem

Aquaponics is a sustainable and efficient agricultural system that integrates aquaculture with agriculture. This system integrates Internet of Things (IoT) technology in aquaponics systems with the potential to change sustainable agriculture by combining farming of fish (aquaculture) and soilless cultivation of plants (hydroponics) into a single, efficient ecosystem. This paper explores the design and development of a smart aquaponics system that allows aquaponic farming at commercial scale feasible, leveraging IoT to continuously gather data through various sensors, monitor environmental conditions, and automate control processes. The proposed system architecture is based on a three-tier model, ensuring scalability and maintainability. The proposed system consists of a three-layer architecture: the Perception Layer for measuring different environmental factors and controlling them, the Network Layer for data transmission, and the Application Layer for data storage, manipulation, and user interaction. The key components include sensors for monitoring pH, humidity, temperature, sunlight, oxygen levels, and water proximity; devices such as lights, water pumps, fans, and oxygen pumps for environmental control; and an ESP8266 microcontroller for system management. The system's software is developed using C# DOT NET CORE 8.0, React, MySQL, C, and Arduino. The system allows users the ability to maintain optimal conditions for fish and plant growth, notify users of irregularities, and allow remote control through a web application, proving it to be an intelligent, flexible, low-cost, and stable solution for large-scale aquaponics.

An empirical study of job crafting and employees’ loyalty in the Nigerian healthcare system

Many factors have contributed to the continuous departure of workers from the Nigerian healthcare system since the COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the effect of job crafting on the loyalty of healthcare workers in public hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria. The study population was 11,084, comprising all the doctors and nurses in public hospitals in Lagos, with a sample size of 725 using the Morgan Sample Size Determination table. We collected primary data using a well-structured questionnaire and conducted analysis using structural equation modeling. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between job creation and healthcare workers' loyalty in the public healthcare system. This implies that job creation influences health care workers' loyalty. This study suggests that the management of the public healthcare system should encourage and support job crafting while also building and encouraging positive relationships among healthcare workers to ensure their loyalty and effective service delivery.

EFFECT OF INCENTIVE SYSTEM MANAGEMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

This study examine the effect of incentive system management on employee performance of selected deposit money banks in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study used structured questionnaires from the six selected deposit money banks in the study area. The researcher used multiple regression analysis to analyze the data obtained from the selected banks. The result of the study shows that the first variables of the study, pay-rise has a positive and significant effects on employee performance and the effect is statistically significant (p0.05). Bonus has a negative but insignificant effect on employee performance in the study area. Recognition has a positive effects on employee performance and the effect is statistically significant (p0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. The researcher concluded that incentive appeal to employees in a completely different manner. Thus, the use of appropriate incentive system is key to achieving organizational outcomes. The researcher recommends that the use of a combination of more than one reward system such as recognition and pay-rise is needed to improve employee performance in the study area.

Rule based coordinated source and demand side energy management of a remote area power supply system

Rule based coordinated source and demand side energy management of a remote area power supply system

Explainable, Deep Reinforcement Learning–Based Decision Making for Operations and Maintenance

This paper presents research that integrates condition monitoring and prognostics with decision making for nuclear power plant operations and maintenance aimed at reducing lifetime maintenance and repair costs. Additionally, a focal point of this research is to make the decisions explainable to operators, improving the trustworthiness of the decisions from what can be considered a black box model. In this work, we develop and evaluate an explainable, online asset management methodology to help reduce lifetime maintenance and repair costs. Using the latest advancements in condition monitoring, inventory management, deep reinforcement learning, and explainable artificial intelligence methods, we create a predictive maintenance methodology that can optimize the maintenance and spare part management of a repairable nuclear power plant system. To demonstrate these methods, preliminary studies were conducted on a representative maintenance system undergoing a stochastic degradation process that requires repairs or replacement to continue operation. Using deep reinforcement learning, we were able to reduce maintenance spending by approximately 50% compared to optimized, time-based maintenance strategies for the chosen system. A key component of our methodology is the integration of Shapley values to quantify the contribution of various factors to the decision-making process. This addition enhances the explainability and trustworthiness of our decisions, providing operators with transparent and understandable insights into the rationale behind maintenance strategies. The robustness and resiliency of our decision policy against observation noise were also thoroughly evaluated, demonstrating its effectiveness in uncertain operational environments.

Experimental investigation into thermal characteristics of subcooled flow boiling in horizontal concentric annuli for cooling ultra-fast electric vehicle charging cables

In an effort to reduce the charging time of electric vehicles (EVs), the thermal management of the charging system has emerged as one of the most urgent issues. The charging rate has been restricted to avoid thermal failure especially in charging cable. Recently, a direct contact cooling technique that utilizes subcooled flow boiling for charging cables has been proposed and has shown promising thermal management performance. However, there has been a lack of clear explanation regarding its thermal characteristics due to its intrinsically complicated flow features. This study investigates the thermal characteristics of subcooled flow boiling in a horizontally aligned concentric annular tube intended to simulate the direct contact cooling technique employed for charging cables. For the experimental investigation, the wall temperature measurements and high-speed flow visualization images acquired from the transparent test module annulus, with inner and outer diameters of 6.35 mm and 22.0 mm, were utilized. Three key axial thermal characteristics of subcooled flow boiling in annulus have been analyzed, and they are flow regime transition, variation of heat transfer mechanisms, and occurrence of critical heat flux (CHF). The transition of flow regimes and the variation of dominant heat transfer mechanisms in the axial direction are mutually influencing due to the coupled effects between the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of simultaneously developing flows. The flow regime changes from partially developed boiling (PDB) to fully developed boiling (FDB) as the intensities of nucleate boiling and bubble recondensation vary in the axial direction, while the dominant heat transfer mechanism shifts from single-phase convection to nucleate boiling, corresponding to the flow regime transition from PDB to FDB. The departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) type CHF is observed, manifested by the wavy interface propagating from the far downstream to the upstream region, and the intensities of nucleate boiling and bubble recondensation are also identified as the dominant parameters in determining the occurrence of CHF. Charging time estimation reveals that the proposed method can achieve an 80 % charge for 100-kWh EV batteries in 98 s, while maintaining the cable wire temperature below the safety limit of 80 °C. This strongly supports its potential as a promising thermal management technique for future ultra-fast charging systems.

Complex system management: Intuition and/or analysis with artificial intelligence involvement

AbstractThis paper tackles the largely untouched issue of optimal management of complex systems, now rendered much more challenging by current conditions of instability and turbulence. Managers need capabilities of foresight and holism in capturing the essence of wicked problems and the best way forward. Interviews were conducted with complex systems managers regarding their perceptions of the value of analysis and intuition in these circumstances and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to bring extra value to both modes, analysis, and intuition. Findings indicate that both styles were employed, and descriptions of intuition covered both experience‐based intuition and creative intuition. Regarding the encroachment of AI, the advantages of speed and reduced costs seemed to these respondents to make its adoption mandatory. However, the oversight role of people was considered critical by most respondents. The paper presents a framework to assist managers in understanding the relative roles of AI, analysis, and intuition as these relate to the complexity level of the system being managed.

Understanding Drinking Water Quality in Appalachia

Key TakeawaysWhile the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) applies to all public water systems in the United States, the severity and prevalence of violations vary among locations.A study investigated drinking water quality, indicated by statistics of the SDWA in the 13 Appalachian states from 2010 to 2022, to identify any differences in violations.The need for better water system management and infrastructure in economically disadvantaged regions is clear, along with public education and effective policies.

An adaptive cycle framework for navigating sustainability of oasis socio-ecological system: The case of Hotan region in Xinjiang, China

Assessing the sustainability of socio-ecological system (SES) is the basis for ensuring human well-being and achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) worldwide, especially in arid regions. However, the oasis as a typical socio-ecological system is still lacking a proper approach to examine its evolutionary direction and the sustainability of suitable scale. This study proposes an adaptive cycle framework assessing the sustainability of oasis socio-ecological system to quantify the relationships between the evolution of oasis socio-ecological system and its scale suitability. The framework is constructed by coordination degree, order degree, and oasis suitability metrics of the oasis socio-ecological system to apply in the oases of Tarim basin, Northwest China. The results show that the adaptive cycle evolution of various oases subsystems in study area does not go through four stages successively, but proceeds in a hopping way. The most of them are in the conservation (K) −recognition (α), or recognition (α) − conservation (K) stage. The information entropy of oasis socio-ecological system is inversely proportional to the order degree. The overall oasis information entropy is high ranging from 0.64 to 1.06, but the order degree is at a low level ranging from 0.04 to 0.41. The higher the degree of coordination between subsystems, the higher the degree of oasis suitability. The overall oasis suitability in study area shows a barely appropriate- appropriate-barely appropriate fluctuation state. The main factors affecting the oasis evolution of socio-economic, eco-environment and water resources subsystem are the distribution of industrial structure, green ratio, water consumption per unit grain output, and per capita daily living water consumption, respectively. This study provides support for guiding the sustainable evolution of desert oasis system to adapt to the development scale and the management of oasis socio-ecological system.

Optimizing cultivation system and pest management in different types of rice varieties

Optimizing cultivation system and pest management in different types of rice varieties

Pilot-scale investigation of an advanced biofloc technology for treating Pacific white shrimp effluent: Performance and insight mechanisms

Biofloc technology (BFT) is extensively used in the treatment of water quality in intensive shrimp aquaculture systems. However, the rapid accumulation of biofloc in middle-to-late culture stages poses challenges for system management, impacting the economic yield of aquaculture operations. To address this issue, an advanced biofloc system (A-BS) that integrates a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with BFT was constructed, and the biofloc system (BS) was used as a control group. During a 100-day pilot-scale operation, the A-BS group effectively regulated water quality and enhanced the growth rate of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In the A-BS group, the average concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, chemical oxygen demand, and mixed liquor suspended solids were substantially reduced compared to those in the BS group, measuring 0.19, 0.55, 36.36, and 229 mg/L, respectively, across the middle-to-late culture stages. Notably, the final stocking density and survival rate of shrimp in the A-BS group, reached 7.04 kg/m3 and 81.22 %, surpassing those in the BFT group. Furthermore, microbial community and functional gene analyses revealed more in-depth insights into the related mechanisms. Bacterial abundance and diversity, as well as the presence of denitrification genes such as Unclassified_f_Rhodobacteraceae and Paracoccus, were markedly higher in the A-BS group than in the BS group. The integration of MBBR into A-BS significantly increased the abundance of amoA and nirK genes, which are crucial for water quality stability during later culture stages. This proof-of-concept investigation confirms that the MBBR–BFT coupling process in A-BS holds promise for advancing sustainable aquaculture practice and provides strategic guidance for the modernization of the industry.

Meeting Social Needs in a Crisis Context: Lessons Learned from Integrating the 'Take Care Initiative' into New York City's Testing and Contact Tracing Program.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of addressing social needs in a crisis context. Some US jurisdictions integrated a social service component into case investigation and contact tracing (CI/CT) programs, including the New York City (NYC) Test & Trace (T2) Program; the Take Care initiative referred NYC residents who tested positive or were exposed to COVID-19 to services to support isolation and quarantine and meet basic needs. More research is needed to determine effective implementation strategies for integrating social needs provision into CI/CT programs. To identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the Take Care initiative, we conducted key informant interviews with program staff, community-based organization partners, and cases and contacts as part of a larger evaluation of the T2 program. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using rapid qualitative methods. Key facilitators to implementation included utilizing a case management software system, employing strategies to encourage service uptake, leveraging cross-agency collaborations, and partnering with community-based organizations for resource navigation. Barriers identified included external management of the software system, challenges reaching and engaging the public, administrative complications due to shifting collaborations, and management of CBO partners' structure and hiring. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations to support effective planning and implementation of social needs service provision in a crisis context. Future research should focus on testing promising implementation strategies highlighted in this study and applying them to varied contexts and crisis situations.

Trauma system management of adults with severe burns in Victoria, Australia.

The aim of the present study was to examine the profile, management and outcomes of adult patients with severe burns within the Victorian State Trauma System (VSTS). Data from the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was analysed to characterise patient and injury characteristics and review pre-hospital management and clinical outcomes of adult patients with severe burns. There were 421 cases over 13 years of the study. Approximately 80% of cases were flame burns, and 5% were associated with other significant trauma. Approximately 75% were male; with 83% of patients under 65 years old, 40% of lower socioeconomic status, 25% having pre-existing drug and alcohol involvement, and 36% living with associated comorbidities. All but 11 patients (of 421) were managed definitively at the burns service. Around one-third of patients had interhospital transfer, with median (interquartile range (IQR)) time spent in the primary hospital 3.0 (1.9-4.3) h. Only five patients had multiple interhospital transfers. Nearly 75% of patients were admitted to an ICU. The median (IQR) length of definitive hospital stay was 27.2 (11.2-44.9) days. The mortality rate was 23.8%. Severe burns are uncommon injuries with high mortality. There is a high rate of adherence to VSTS guidelines for managing patients with severe burns, and a decrease in patients requiring transfer associated with an increase in acceptable time to a trauma-receiving hospital. The VSTS operates to deliver almost all patients with severe burns to the definitive burns service efficiently.