Construction Of System Research Articles

Construction and application research of intelligent classroom teaching system based on TPACK level of normal students in Chinese colleges and universities

Technical Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) encompasses teachers’ understanding of the intricate interplay among technology, pedagogy, and subject matter expertise, serving as the essential knowledge base for integrating technology into subject-specific instruction. Over the decade, advancements in information technology have led to the consistent application of the TPACK framework within studies on instructional technology and technology-enhanced learning, significantly advancing the evolution of contemporary teacher education in technology integration. In this paper, we utilize the Teaching and Learning Knowledge of Subjects Based on Integrated Technology (TPACK) framework to administer a questionnaire survey to teacher trainees at Chinese colleges and universities. This survey aims to evaluate the current status of their integrated technology-based subject teaching and learning knowledge. Based on the research findings, we propose strategies aimed at enhancing the educational technology integration knowledge of students pursuing integrated technology courses in colleges and universities. Furthermore, we integrate the smart classroom setting to develop a comprehensive TPACK-integrated model teaching framework. Our final objective is to offer valuable references for the progress of modern teaching skills among education students in higher education institutions.

ICT for Smart and Energy-Efficient Buildings

The article examines the application of new technologies and ICT for the construction of intelligent and energy-efficient buildings. The state of the housing stock in Bulgaria is presented. The idea of using solar tiles both as a roof and as a photovoltaic source of electrical energy is substantiated. Other elements of the smart home management system are also described. The construction of a thermal energy storage system using phase change materials is given, as well as a thermometer for the blind, facilitating the life of visually impaired people at home.

Exploration and Construction of Innovative Paths for the New Higher Vocational Smart Pipeline Network Curriculum System from the Perspective of Industry Education Integration

Creating a new type of vocational education represents a pivotal measure adopted by Shanghai in actively responding to the national vocational education reform initiative and optimizing the local vocational education landscape. In this endeavor, the integration of industry and education is deemed as the linchpin for fostering the high-quality development of the emerging vocational education sector. By deeply integrating industrial and educational resources, we have implemented a "triple-double" collaborative mechanism, encompassing dual subject participation, dual combination interaction, and two-way mutual employment. This mechanism aims to forge a novel paradigm for the integration of smart pipeline network industry and education. On this foundation, we have redesigned the teaching and curriculum systems for the Smart Pipeline Network professional group, tailored to meet the demands of industry-education integration. The new system encompasses shared platform courses, distinctive modular courses, and innovative extension courses. This reform effectively addresses the issue of isolated professional courses and the wastage of scattered teaching resources that previously existed. This article further elucidates the core ideas and essential considerations underpinning the construction of this curriculum system, aiming to serve as a reference for similar educational reforms

Design and Testing of a Small-Scale Composting Facility for Sheep Manure Utilizing Aeration and Thermal Treatment

Inner Mongolia has the largest sheep population among China’s provinces, resulting in the production of a substantial amount of sheep manure. If left untreated, this manure can contribute to environmental pollution. However, sheep manure serves a dual purpose: it can be both a pollutant and a valuable source of organic fertilizer. Consequently, there is an urgent need to address the environmental issues arising from manure accumulation and its unused status. In this paper, a viable solution is proposed: the conversion of manure into fertilizer through a composting unit incorporating high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology. This unit, tailored for small farms and individual farmers, integrates critical functions such as ventilation, heating, and turning. Additionally, it boasts excellent thermal insulation, enhancing composting efficiency and enabling precise control over fermentation conditions. This design mitigates heat loss and accelerates maturation, addressing common challenges in traditional composting. The design process encompassed both equipment construction and control systems, with a primary focus on compost fermentation and aeration heating. The components were carefully designed or selected based on theoretical analysis and subsequently validated using simulation software, including EDEM and Fluent. The control system seamlessly integrates a touch screen interface, PLC programming, and control circuits to manage air pumps and electric heaters in response to changes in temperature and oxygen concentration. Furthermore, it controls the motors during the recovery phase. A comprehensive performance evaluation was conducted, revealing notable improvements. Under artificially heated conditions, the maximum temperature of the compost increased by approximately 20 °C, the composting cycle was reduced by roughly 4 days, and the seed germination index (GI) rose by about 9% when compared to natural fermentation. Thus, this device significantly accelerates composting and improves fertilizer quality by increasing the decomposition rate.

AS TEORIAS SOCIOLÓGICAS CRIMINOLÓGICAS E SEUS REFLEXOS NO DIREITO PENAL: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DASTEORIAS DO CONFLITO E DO CONSENSO

This work analyzes the intersection between consensus theory and conflict theory in the context of criminal law, highlighting its main characteristics and practical implications. The justification for choosing this topic lies in the need to understand how these theories influence the formulation of criminal laws and the treatment of criminals in a society marked by social inequalities. The objectives include examining the divergences and similarities between both approaches, as well as discussing their implications for criminal justice. The methodology used was a bibliographic review of fundamental works by authors such as Quinney, Zaffaroni and Foucault, aiming for an in-depth understanding of the theories. The main results indicate that, although consensus and conflict theories present opposing views on the role of criminal law, they also share similarities that can contribute to the construction of a fairer criminal system. It is concluded that integrating elements from both approaches can provide a more comprehensive understanding of social dynamics and the effectiveness of criminal laws, favoring the protection of human rights and social inclusion.

Research on the construction of campus football teaching content hierarchical system and flexible management

In response to the national requirements for the development of campus football and addressing the current imbalance in the development of campus football teaching in China, this study discusses the construction of a football teaching content hierarchical system and flexible management that aligns with China's national conditions. It also elaborates on management strategies for the implementation of categorized guidance, flexible management, and enhanced inspection and evaluation in football teaching. Based on the systematic principles of constructing a campus football teaching content hierarchical system, as well as the basic rules of football tactics and teaching practice, campus football teaching content is divided into three levels: primary, intermediate, and advanced, with ten proficiency levels. The content at each level includes corresponding basic theoretical knowledge of football, football techniques and tactics, mental health education, and physical development. When arranging the teaching content at each level, it is essential to fully consider the matching of football knowledge and tactics, and to organically integrate football knowledge, skills with physical training, and comprehensive quality education. The implementation of flexible management should be practical, proposing different requirements for football teaching in schools of different types and regions, implementing categorized guidance and management; it is necessary to strengthen institutional construction, and use inspection and evaluation as a driving force to promote the sustainable development of football teaching.

The Construction of a Mathematical Modeling Curriculum System Oriented by New Engineering Talents

This article provides an overview of the research progress on mathematical modeling courses both domestically and internationally, and points out the main problems that currently exist. Propose to no longer include competition results in the evaluation criteria, and establish its own training model based on the actual situation of the school. With the assistance of teachers, establish cross disciplinary projects. Teach students to apply knowledge to new problems, allowing more students to achieve more lasting results. The role and significance of research projects in promoting teaching work and improving teaching quality, and the specific research objects and contents. The main research subjects are students from most majors in science and engineering at our university. The main value lies in the exploration and practical work done in the field of new engineering education to cultivate students' mathematical literacy and numerical calculation ability.

Construction of a novel chemiluminescence system based on mixed-ligand metal-organic frameworks

Exploring new materials to enhance chemiluminescence (CL) and constructing novel CL systems are essential for expanding the application range of CL analysis and improving its sensitivity. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained popularity in catalysis and other fields due to their unique structural features and properties. However, the research on the application of MOFs in CL is still in its infancy. In this study, one kind of mixed-ligand metal-organic frameworks using Zn as the metal ion (Zn m-MOFs) was successfully synthesized and applied to enhance the CL of NaClO-H2O2 system. The synthesized Zn m-MOFs catalyzed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (·O2−, 1O2 and ·OH) which injected holes and electrons to Zn m-MOFs to generate hole-injected and electron-injected Zn m-MOFs (Zn m-MOFs⋅+ and Zn m-MOFs⋅−). The subsequent annihilation of these charge carriers led to enhanced CL. At the same time, chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) occurred during the process. Compared with the NaClO-H2O2 system without Zn m-MOFs, the CL intensity of the Zn m-MOFs-NaClO-H2O2 system was enhanced by approximately 1000 times. This study aims to provide new insights for the development of innovative CL systems based on MOFs, thereby broadening the application fields of CL analysis.

Construction and characterization of probiotic intestinal-targeted delivery system based on complex coacervation and double-emulsion structure

The objective of this research was to formulate a sophisticated probiotic intestinal-targeted delivery system employing GEL (Gelatin) and CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) via intricate complex coacervation and double-emulsion structure. RSM (Response Surface Methodology) screening of cryoprotectants was undertaken and the digestive kinetic characteristics of microcapsules were comprehensively evaluated in simulated in vitro release environment. Upon optimization using response surface design, bacterial suspension was prepared using composite cryoprotectant composed of 3.07 wt% MNT (Mannitol), 4.42 wt% TCP (Taxus cuspidata polysaccharides) and 2.01 wt% GEL, achieving a cell recovery rate of 83.21%, which was 70.8% higher than free cells. The freeze-dried microcapsules presented in a stabilized bilayer system, the cell concentration after encapsulation was 8.66 log CFU/g, with encapsulation efficiency reaching 88.17%, and the particle size distribution concentrated at 299.05 μm/d. GEL and CMC conjugate through the interaction of positive and negative ions to form a complex polymer under pH of 3.5. Deprotonation occurs while pH changes in intestinal environment, enabling controlled release. In vitro release kinetics by Hixson-Crowell was closer than Higuchi model, the survival rate of encapsulated cells reached 83.64% in simulated gastric fluid, representing a 56.15% increase compared to free cells. After 6-weeks of storage in low-humidity environment at −18 °C, the recovery rate remained at 94.59%, representing a 69.17% increase compared to free cells. This research offer guiding principles and insights for future comparable research.

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis in the Sect. Tuberculate (Camellia L.) Population, an Endemic Taxon in China.

Sect. Tuberculate Chang belongs to the genus Camellia, which is an endemic group in China and has high research value. However, the phenotypic patterns of this taxon are complex and diverse, and the phenotypic variation in key traits is still unclear. In this study, a total of 212 samples from 18 populations of sect. Tuberculate plants were studied for 30 phenotypic traits of flowers, fruits, and leaves using analysis of variance, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. The results showed the following. (1) The plants in sect. Tuberculate were rich in phenotypic trait variation and possessed rich phenotypic diversity. The differentiation of phenotypic traits mainly came from among populations, with leaves (66.804%) being the largest and flowers (53.476%) being the smallest. Qualitative traits (70.264%) were greater than quantitative traits (57.608%). (2) Correlation analyses showed close and complex relationships among the phenotypic traits of flowers, fruits, and leaves. (3) The cumulative contribution of the first 10 principal components was up to 73.49%, which screened out 12 major traits contributing to the phenotypic differences in plants of sect. Tuberculate. (4) Q-type analysis showed that they were classified into 18 taxa at a Euclidean distance of 7.5 and 11 taxa at a Euclidean distance of 10. The 18 populations were not fully clustered according to the geographic distance of the plants, and there was an overlap between some of the populations. In summary, the degree of variation in phenotypic traits among populations of sect. Tuberculate plants is high, which is affected by the climatic environment. The 12 major phenotypic traits screened can be used as the basis for the classification of sect. Tuberculate plants. There are trait overlaps among some populations, which may be affected by the stochastic influence of the geographic climate and gene flow. This study will provide important references for interspecific identification, classification system construction, genetic mechanism, germplasm resource conservation, and exploitation of plants in sect. Tuberculate.

Model-Following Preview Control for a Class of Linear Descriptor Systems with Actuator Failures

This paper considers the model-following preview control problem for a class of continuous-time descriptor systems with actuator failures. Firstly, the model-following problem is transformed into an optimal preview control problem by utilizing restricted equivalent transformations and the construction of augmented systems. After discussing the relationship between the stabilizability and detectability of the augmented system and the corresponding characteristics of the controlled system, the model-following preview controller of the original descriptor system is obtained by integrating on the controller of the augmented system. Finally, an application to electrical circuit system is used for assessment purposes. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

Impact of Credit in Rural Settlements of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of credit from the National Agrarian Reform Program (PNRA) on the income of family plots allocated by the National Institute of Agrarian Reform (INCRA) in the state of Minas Gerais, aiming to identify the correlation between the credit provided and the income generated. Theoretical Framework: Credit programs aimed at family farming enable the development of their activities in a sustainable, regulated manner and in compliance with environmental preservation, facilitating the construction and improvement of production systems according to each producer’s needs. Method: The study uses data collected from the RADIS/UFMT Project, in agrarian reform settlements in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, were processed and systematized using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) regression model, with the use of Stata 16® software. Results and Discussion: The most accessed credit line by the beneficiaries was the Semi-arid line. The hypothesis that credit granted by the National Agrarian Reform Program (PNRA) is positively correlated with the income of plots allocated to families settled by INCRA is confirmed, showing an approximate 19% increase in the income of plots compared to those without access to credit. That is, for every R$1.00 of credit provided to the plot, there is an approximate increase of R$0.19 in income.

Improvement of construction and technological properties of cement hardening systems for building composites

The article provides information on the formation of hardening systems of building composites (STSC) as a result of directional structure formation and the involvement of the active component of metallurgical slags. It is shown that the structures of the STSC can be represented as a consequence of formation (design and synthesis) of the structures of the particle addition system of the raw material mixture, and for more complex technologies – as a growth system. The main physico-chemical properties and characteristics of modifying additives for STSC are considered. The influence of slag additives on the main construction and technological properties of hardening systems based on man-made raw materials has been established. Special attention is paid to the kinetics of the grinding capacity of the designed hardening systems of building composites.

Construction of an Evaluation Index System for Enhancing College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Abilities Based on Academic Competitions

With the rapid development of the global economy, innovation and entrepreneurship have become vital components of national competitiveness. Academic competitions, as an effective educational approach, can foster college students' innovation and entrepreneurship abilities. This paper aims to provide a reference and practical tool for innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher education by constructing an evaluation index system for enhancing college students' innovation and entrepreneurship abilities based on academic competitions.

Exploration and Practice of Integrating the Spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness into the Training Process of Basic Medical Graduate Students

Postgraduate education in basic medical sciences is the primary pathway for cultivating advanced scientific research talents in China’s medical field. However, with the increasing demands of medical education, the limitations of traditional educational models have gradually emerged, somewhat restricting the formation of correct values among postgraduate students in basic medical sciences. The spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness, as a crucial component of the Chinese Communist Party’s spiritual lineage, has now become a significant ideological and political element in modern teaching. By incorporating the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness as an ideological and political element, teachers are encouraged to foster the spirit of hard work, courageous exploration, overall consideration, and selfless dedication among postgraduate students in basic medical sciences through improvements in classroom teaching methods, specialized teaching content, and situational teaching experiences. By integrating the ideological and political elements of the Great Northern Wilderness spirit into talent cultivation goals, requirements, and curriculum system construction during the training of postgraduate students in basic medical sciences at Jiamusi University, the aim is to cultivate students who can carry the spirit of hard work and courageous exploration into their future workplaces.

Research on adolescents' new media literacy and its cultivation

Emphasizing the cultivation of adolescents' new media literacy and their ability to respond to the new media environment is of great significance to the growth of young people. Adolescents can enhance their learning autonomy, broaden their horizons, and meet their personalized development needs by utilizing new media in their studies and daily lives; however, new media has certain adverse effects on the construction of a systematic knowledge system and the development of reading, learning, thinking, and critical abilities in adolescents. Based on the characteristics of new media, this article analyzes the pros and cons of new media's impact on adolescents and preliminarily discusses the cultivation of adolescents' new media literacy from multiple perspectives, including the nation, society, schools, teachers, parents, and students themselves.

Construction of a Wi-Fi System with a Tethered Balloon in a Mountainous Region for the Teleoperation of Vehicular Forestry Machines

In this study, a Wi-Fi system with a tethered balloon is proposed for the teleoperation of vehicular forestry machines. This system was developed to establish a Wi-Fi communication for stable teleoperation in a timber harvesting site. This system consisted of a helium balloon, Wi-Fi nodes, a measurement system, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antenna, and a wind speed sensor. The measurement system included a GNSS module, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a data logger, and an altitude sensor. While the helium balloon with the Wi-Fi system was 60 m in the air, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) was measured by moving a Wi-Fi receiver on the ground. Another GNSS set was also utilized to collect the latitude and longitude data from the Wi-Fi receiver as it traveled. The developed Wi-Fi system with a tethered balloon can create a Wi-Fi zone of up to 1.9 ha within an average wind speed range of 2.2 m/s. It is also capable of performing the teleoperation of vehicular forestry machines with a maximum latency of 185.7 ms.

Single-cell Trajectories and Pseudo-time Analysis Reveal Additional Insights into Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Progression

As the chicken embryo grows, its increasing metabolic demand drives the development of the cardiovascular system, enabling efficient nutrient delivery through complex molecular and structural formation. Key extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), play a crucial role in shaping the biomechanical environment of the heart, particularly the sinoatrial node (SAN). These ECM elements regulate cell adhesion, migration, and the maturation of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), essential for the heart's electrical conductivity and rhythmicity. Based on the hypothesis that ECM mechanical properties influence the spatial patterning of conduction-related genes, we analyzed spatial transcriptomics data from chicken hearts at different developmental stages. Collagen-related genes associated with a sturdy ECM showed an increasing trend over time, while soft ECM-related genes responsible for producing proteoglycans and breaking down collagen decreased. Although conduction-related genes did not fully align with ECM trends, intriguing patterns were observed, pointing to potential interactions between ECM remodeling and the construction of the cardiac conduction system. Our findings suggest significant ECM r7emodeling between days 4 and 7, which may influence the heart's structural and functional development.

Construction of a genome-editing system for the thermophilic actinomycete streptomyces thermodiastaticus K5 strain.

Thermophilic actinomycetes significantly contribute to the terrestrial carbon cycle via the rapid degradation of lignocellulosic polysaccharides in composts. In this study, a genome-editing system was constructed for the thermophilic actinomycetes Streptomyces thermodiastaticus K5 strain, which was isolated from compost. The genome-editing plasmid (pGEK5) harboring niccase Cas9 was derived from the high-copy plasmid pL99 and used for the K5 strain. It was found that pGEK5 could easily be lost from the transformed clone through cultivation on apramycin-free medium and spore formation, enabling its reuse for subsequent genome-editing cycles. With the aid of this plasmid, mutations were sequentially introduced to two uracil-DNA glycosylase genes (Udg1 and Udg2) and one β-glucosidase gene (Bgl1). Thus, the genome-editing system using pGEK5 enables us to start the functional modification of this thermophilic actinomycete, especially for improved conversion of lignocellulosic biomass.

A Proposed School for Traditional Building Arts & Crafts in Kalongo, Uganda

Uganda is headed for exponential growth both in its population and in its building stock. The buildings of small Ugandan market communities such as Kalongo, a remote village in the north, reflect two distinct construction systems, as contemporary building practices have turned their back on tradition. Interventions by foreign NGOs in the area have contributed to the stigmatization of local building traditions as representing underdevelopment. This proposed design project for a School for Traditional Building Arts & Crafts in Kalongo seeks to bridge the disconnect between building traditions and the growing requirement for durable, sustainable buildings. The proposal sets out the concept of an innovative way of building through the elevation of local materials and traditions on a new scale.