Systems Theory Analysis Research Articles

A Systems-Theory Analysis of the Relationship between Communication, Beliefs/Practices, Religiosity, Spirituality and Expected Future Religious Practices of College Students

This study uses systems theory to explore relationships between individual, micro, meso, and macro factors and expected future religious practices of students studying at a Seventh-day Adventist university. The study operationalizes system theory in context of both public relations and spirituality. The primary purpose is to understand relationship between each level of systems theory and students’ expectations about future religious practices. Key recommendations include the need to increase use of digital communication tools, the value of distinguishing between understanding and belief/action at the micro level, and the importance of supporting spiritual development outside the context of organized religion.

Тестирование на проникновение на основе стандарта NIST SP 800-115

Relevance. Security issues of information systems in critical infrastructure objects become important now. However, current tasks of information security audit of critical infrastructure objects are mainly limited to checking them for compliance with requirements of standards and documents. With this approach to the audit, security of these objects from real attacks by hackers remains unclear. Therefore, objects are subjected to a testing procedure, namely, penetration testing, in order to objectively verify their security. For example, there are instructions of the Bank of Russia to carry out such testing when the information security of banking systems are checked. However, there is no formal national standard for conducting penetration testing in Russia. This is the deterrent factor to testing critical infrastructure objects. The goal of the paper is to analysis of the American testing standard – NIST SP 800-115 to estimate the possibility of its used for development of the Russian national penetration testing standard. Research methods. Methods of analysis and decomposition from the theory of system analysis are used in the paper to achieve the research goal. Results. In-depth analysis of the NIST SP 800-115 standard is provided in the paper. The following are considered: types of information security assessment measures; stages of information security assessment; methods of analysis and testing which used in the assessment of information security; types and sequence of penetration testing; tested vulnerabilities; recommended tools for analysis and testing, are presented in NIST SP 800-11. Conclusions about the strengths and weaknesses of the NIST SP 800-115 standard are made. Recommendations about as NIST SP 800-115 is used in the development of the national Russian standard of penetration testing are presented.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МЕТОДИК КОНТРОЛЯ УРОВНЯ ЗАЩИЩЕННОСТИ ИНФОРМАЦИИ НА ОБЪЕКТАХ КРИТИЧЕСКОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ

Purpose of work is to analyze the existing practices of performing security analysis and IT-security audit (NIST, OWASP, Cobit, OSSTMM, PTES and GOST R ISO/IEC), used to obtain objective and reliable data for operational security assessments of the CII objects and development of an IT-security audit model for CII objects. Research method: methods of analysis and structural decomposition from the theory of system analysis, identifying signs essential for optimizing the process of IT-security audit for CII objects. Research result: include the detailed analysis and comparison of the existing best practices for performing security analysis and IT-security audit (NIST, OWASP, Cobit, OSSTMM, PTES and GOST R ISO/IEC) for CII objects. A model of IT-security audit for CII objects has been developed. Scientific novelty: an IT-security audit model for CII facilities, characterized by the possibility of a “dual” mode for a full cycle of ensuring the safety of CII facilities – a full national conditional mode and a combined conditional mode, which allows, if necessary, to include additional functional blocks

Об организации деятельности пожарно спасательных служб Чешской Республики

Introduction. The International Association of Fire and Rescue Services CTIF (hereinafter referred to as CTIF), as permanent members, currently includes 40 countries located in various countries of the World. At the CTIF site, on an ongoing basis, there is an exchange of international experience in the functioning of fire and rescue services. Specialists of the national committees of the CTIF member countries participate in conferences, symposiums, working commissions, researching and discussing problematic issues of fire and rescue under the auspices of the CTIF. For several years, the Russian national committee CTIF has been studying the international experience of the functioning of the fire and rescue services of the CTIF member countries in order to introduce them into the process of improving the activities of the fire and rescue services of the Russian Federation. The publication discusses the main aspects of the organization of the activities of the fire and rescue services of the Czech Republic, the organizational structure of the fire and rescue service, management and financial support mechanisms, issues of fire prevention and fire supervision and other functions assigned to the fire department. The statistics of fires and their consequences, as well as data on the dead and injured in fires in the Czech Republic are given, a review of the regulatory framework is carried out. The purpose of the study is to study international experience in organizing the activities of fire and rescue services on the example of the Czech Republic. Research methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge – analysis, generalization, analysis of empirical data, economic analysis, which were based on the general provisions of the theory of analysis and system analysis. Research results. An analysis was made of the activities of the fire and rescue services of the Czech Republic, taking into account their further development in the near future. Conclusion. The data obtained during the study of activities in the field of fire safety in the Czech Republic will be entered into the database of activities fire and rescue services of the World, and will also allow to prepare scientifically based proposals for the development of fire and rescue business in Russia. Keywords: fire protection, prevention fire, fire, analysis, fire and rescue units, international activities.

Организация деятельности пожарно-спасательных служб Англии

Introduction. The International Association of Fire and Rescue Services (hereinafter referred to as CTIF) was founded in August 1900 on the initiative of Count Pavel Kamarovsky, a representative of the Imperial Russian Fire Society. He was elected as the first President of CTIF. 120 years have passed since then, during this period the Association interrupted its activities only during the Second World War. CTIF successfully works, realizing its tasks of developing international cooperation and exchange of experience in various aspects of fire and rescue services, strengthens professional and friendly ties between firefighters and rescuers from different countries of the World on the basis of equal cooperation. Today the Russian National Committee of the International Association of Fire and Rescue Services is studying the activities of the fire and rescue services of the member countries of CTIF to prepare proposals for improving the activities of the fire and rescue services of Russia based on international experience. The article discusses the legal framework, management and financing mechanisms, organizational structure and conditions of service of the fire and rescue services in England. The purpose of the study is to learn international experience, organization and activities of the fire and rescue services in England. Research methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge – analysis, generalization, economic analysis, analysis of empirical data, which were based on the general provisions of the theory of analysis and system analysis. Research results. A multifactorial analysis of the activities of the fire and rescue services in England is carried out, taking into account their development in the coming years. Conclusion. The data obtained will make it possible to create a data bank on the activities of the fire and rescue services of the world, as well as to prepare scientifically grounded proposals for the development of fire and rescue services in Russia. Keywords: analysis, statistics, fire, fire and rescue divisions, International Association.

ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОЮ КОМПОНЕНТОЮ ОБ’ЄКТА ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ СФЕРИ В УМОВАХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ВІЙНИ

Achievements of scientific and technological progress, especially in the information technology field, significantly affect the development of economic, social, military, cultural and other spheres of society. But at the same time, information technology acts as a source of development and a source of threats to this development and society in general. National security is a complex multilevel functional system with continuous processes of interaction and confrontation of state, society and the individual interests with threats to them - both internal and external. The purpose of this system is to protect these interests from threats. In order to organize the protection of the state information space, it is necessary to develop ways to counter information aggression by certain entities: external aggressors, foreign intelligence services, multinational companies, criminal clans, etc. The article considers the topical problem of management of organizational components of military facilities in the conditions of information struggle and implementation of mechanisms of institutional management of these components. Advances in the theory of organizational management and structural systems analysis allow us to move from the plane of declarations of intent of information security of military and defense facilities to the practical plane of developing mechanisms for functioning of organizational components of military management and management mechanisms and their implementation in the information security management system.

ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ТРАНЗИТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ СССР: УРОКИ ДЛЯ РОССИИ. ЧАСТЬ I

The research is aimed at studying and analyzing the experience of production and technological factors in the development of the transport and transit system of the USSR in order to develop proposals and recommendations for providing an infrastructural basis for the formation of a new system of trade and economic relations in modern Russia. Goal. To cite a set of arguments proving that the experience of production and technological factors of the development of the transport and transit system of the USSR should not only be used to the maximum, but also scaled up to ensure inclusive, involving all segments of the population and increasing their well-being of the development of the modern economy of Russia. Tasks. Development of theoretical, methodological, scientific and practical foundations for the formation and implementation of state economic policy aimed at the development of the transport and transit system of Russia and the CIS countries, increasing the export of transport services, the emergence of points of accelerated growth, ensuring the sovereignty and connectivity of the country’s territory based on the historical and economic study of the experience of spatial and economic development of the USSR and analysis of the reasons for the dismantling of this state entity. Methodology. The research uses methods of world system analysis, evolutionary and institutional theory, the theory of production and technological balance and technical and economic structures, expert and analytical assessments, content analysis of materials of periodic studies. Results. The most important need to ensure national, economic and transport-transit security to achieve technological sovereignty requires a comprehensive historical and economic analysis of the processes of spatial and economic development of the USSR and the definition of relevant areas of practical use of infrastructure projects developed in Soviet times and organizational and economic innovations for the development of the transport and transit system (TTS) of modern and future Russia. The results of the study are based on the theory of transit economics and interstate-corporate partnership developed by the authors, modeling the functioning of trade routes, understanding the processes of evolution of the post-Soviet space and the formation of Global Eurasia, substantiating the need to create a large interstate-corporate military-commercial structure — the Eurasian Transport and Transit Company (ETTC). Conclusions. The study will be useful not only for studying the spatial-geographical and production-technological factors of the formation and evolutionary development of the USSR TTC under the influence of global political and economic processes, but also for developing a promising state economic policy in the conditions of external sanctions pressure, the need to ensure technological sovereignty and national security of the Russian Federation.

ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ УГРОЗ НА ОСНОВЕ ОГРАНИЧЕННОГО НАБОРА ДАННЫХ ПРИ ОЦЕНКЕ СИСТЕМ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ И МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ПО ИХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ

Introduction. In order to ensure the operational and effective security of complex technical systems and measures for their implementation, it is necessary to apply methods of forecasting threats and maintaining the optimal strategy to prevent their consequences. Security threats regarding the life cycle of systems created in the digital economy are usually determined by the level and probability of external conditions, influencing factors on stability and operability of the support system for their life cycle, in the respect the economic system is considered. The aim of the study. In systems theory and system analysis, these factors are commonly referred to as environmental state variables. They are random in nature and, when described mathematically, can be continuous, discrete, or categorical. Methods. Continuous variables are presented in the form of graphs or register records. For statistical and mathematical processing, they are transformed into a table format or a discrete form. Results. Discrete values of environmental variables are recorded in the form of tables or numerical sequences. Categorical variables have the meaning of logical or Boolean values and are recorded in the form of tables. Practical significance. The prediction of categorical variables, based on the mathematical definition of the security, must be carried out by assessing the probability of their occurrence and impact on the life cycle support system of systems and activities as complex technical systems. The main problem is the insufficient statistical data to obtain estimations with a sufficient level of confidence and the tight deadlines for decision-making. Discussion. The paper presents a Bayesian approach and a method for assessing the probabilities of threats on a limited set of data. Given the universal nature of the presented methodological approach to assessing the level of threats on a limited set of data in relation to assessing the safety of the on-board systems life cycle support system, it is possible to obtain its current assessments and, on their basis, timely develop the necessary measures to adjust organizational, resource, technical and technological processes in the life cycle of systems.

МАГИСТРЫ ПУБЛИЧНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И АДМИНИСТРИРОВАНИЯ НМАПО ИМЕНИ П. Л. ШУПИКА - НОВАЯ МОДЕЛЬ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ

Цель исследования: определение составляющих модели руководителя национальной сферы здравоохранения начала XXI века - слушателя магистерской программы «Публичное управление и администрирование» Национальной медицинской академии последипломного образования имени П. Л. Шупика. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы научные источники по теме (11 ед.) с использованием методов системного подхода и системного анализа. Результаты. Реформирование здравоохранения Украины требует решения очень важной и неотложной задачи - подготовки магистров публичного управления и администрирования в сфере здравоохранения. Этот процесс в НМАПО имени П. Л. Шупика будет осуществляться в условиях созданной в 2020 году магистратуры. Выводы. Основными компонентами профессиональной модели современного руководителя здравоохранения являются: наличие системы профессиональных знаний, умений и навыков; обучение в течение всей жизни; приобретение общечеловеческих качеств через изучение гуманитарных дисциплин; психологическая готовность к выполнению управленческой деятельности. Отдельно выделим такие составляющие профессиональной модели современного руководителя как профессионализм, культура и управленческая ответственность. Главными преимуществами обучения в магистратуре НМАПО имени П. Л. Шупика по специальности «Публичное управление и администрирование в сфере здравоохранения» станут такие: индивидуальный подход к учебе, специальное консультативное сопровождение во время учебы, использование современных форм и методик проведения занятий, практико-ориентированный подход в обучении, практическая работа в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях и органах государственной власти, привлечение к проведению гостевых лекций практиков здравоохранения, возможность поступления в аспирантуру. Магистр публичного управления и администрирования может работать в органах государственной власти, местного самоуправления и общественных организациях.

FORMATION OF THE HIERARCHY MODEL OF THREATS IMPACT ON PERSONNEL SECURITY OF BANKS

Abstract. The conducted theoretical and analytical study, which included acquaintance with the achievements of domestic and foreign scientists on ensuring the personnel security of banks and assessing the personnel security of the banking sector of the economy, allowed to develop oriented graphical models and corresponding reachability matrices, and served as a basis for hierarchical ordering of key threats to bank personnel security. The hierarchical ordering of threats to the personnel security of the banking sector of the economy is based on the application of the graph theory method. The models developed give an idea of the need to implement safeguards against key threats, which is important in view of resource constraints and maximizing the effectiveness of security actors. The result is averaged for most domestic banks, as each of them is influenced by the external environment and changes caused by internal processes. A mechanism for counteracting the influence of external and internal threats on the personnel security of banks has been constructed, which takes into account the current trends in the development of the banking sector. The application of system analysis and graph theory made it possible to hierarchically regulate the impact of key threats on personnel security, which became the basis for the development of a model that graphically determines the priority of developing and implementing security measures for each threat, and justifies the possibility of applying one of the options passive protection and active protection. As a result of the theoretical and analytical study, a number of key external and internal threats to personnel security of banks have been regulated and identified. By applying graph theory and mathematical modeling hierarchically ordered and determined the severity of the impact of threats on the personnel security of banks, which subsequently allowed to create a defense mechanism to counter them. Keywords: bank personnel security, bank system, threat, security, crisis situation, mechanism. JEL Classіfіcatіon D81, G21, F29, L20 Formulas: 16; fig.: 3; tabl.: 19; bibl.: 16.

DEVELOPMENT OF ONTOLOGICAL DECISION MAKING SYSTEM OF THE NEGOTIATION PROCESS ON COOPERATION PRODUCTION IN AIRCRAFT

Subject matter: means of information support for the negotiation process on the organization of cooperative production of aircraft. Goal: an outline of the process of developing effective means of information support for negotiations on cooperative production, which will provide financial savings, firstly, by reducing the negotiation time, and secondly, is reducing the likelihood of making irrational decisions that can lead to additional costs during project implementation. Tasks: Increase the efficiency of the negotiation process on the organization of cooperative production by creating a problem-oriented methodological basis, and on this basis - software tools for the development, deployment and operation of the appropriate decision support system. Methods: system analysis and set theory, for the formal presentation of relevant information about the subject area "Negotiations on cooperative aircraft production"; ontological engineering, in particular the IDEF5 standard, as well as elements of expert systems technology, for building an ontological decision support system. Results: an aggregate of methodological tools for the synthesis of ontological decision support systems was developed during negotiations on the organization of cooperative production of aircraft, a scenario example of organizing an ontological dialogue in the environment of an ontological decision support system for defining an aircraft model as an object of cooperative production was given. Conclusions: the need to supplement the mathematical support of traditional negotiation support systems with special methodological means is shown to increase the efficiency of information support for the negotiation process on organizing cooperative production in aircraft construction; it is substantiated that for the program implementation of the system of information support for negotiations on the organization, it is advisable to use the ontological approach; the architecture of the intellectual core of the ontological decision support system for organizing the negotiation process for organizing the cooperative production of aircraft in the form of a hierarchy of frames, with the organization of knowledge-based inference by means of attached procedures is proposed; a scenario example of the formation of a decision on the choice of an aircraft model for the organization of cooperative production in the environment of an ontological decision support system is given.

Principles of building competitive motion control systems for highly automated vehicles

The relevance of the issue of development of efficient motion control systems for highly automated vehicles capable to successfully compete with foreign systems of similar purpose is defined by importance of the issue of creation of competitive high-tech products under modern market economy conditions. The research objective was to scientifically justify the building principles for motion control systems for highly automated vehicles providing directed search for solution options for the issue of multi-criterion optimization in the software and hardware space. The research involved methods of system analysis and modern control theory. The research result is a set or complex of building principles for motion control systems for highly automated vehicles providing minimization of hardware environment while keeping observability of all vehicle state coordinates significant for safe control and their dynamic boundaries, as well as ensuring controllability via the channels of traction, braking and direction. The conceptual core or base of such integrated intelligent control systems is mathematical and programming support (software) of indirect measurements of the parameters of motion and control of traction, brakes and direction adapting to the vehicle state and environment changes.

Analysis of Methodological Approaches Towards Assessing Conditions of International Commodity Markets Convergence

To analyze different methodological approaches to determining the marketing attractiveness of international markets and their convergence assessing. Develop an indicators system for assessing the convergence of international markets to determine their marketing attractiveness for domestic agricultural enterprises. The international markets have been rated on the basis of summing the ranks of indicators of attractiveness method of their business environment for Ukrainian farmers by the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals» in order to identify more favorable conditions for doing business. The application of this approach allowed to develop a target portfolio for further targeting the implementation of the internationalization strategy by domestic producers of the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals». The methodological basis of the study are general and special research methods: epistemological and systems analysis - in the study of «economic convergence» definition; systems theory and systems analysis - to analyze of process determining the marketing attractiveness of international markets and assessing their convergence; statistical analysis, synthesis and comparison ‒ to identify trends in the entry of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine to international markets; comprehensive assessment of the convergence of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine under the conditions of international diversification. It has been proved that in the expert assessment of convergence indicators the markets of foreign countries, the indicators of which are as close as possible to the economy of Ukraine, should be singled out. It has been determined that the markets of Austria and Nigeria are promising for domestic agricultural enterprises, producers of the commodity group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals», with the possibility of overcoming a significant gap in certain indicators, namely: the market of Austria, Nigeria where there is low quality regulation and also unfavorable investment conditions. The scientific and methodological approach to the complex assessment of the convergence of new international markets for domestic agricultural enterprises under the conditions of international diversification has been substantiated and developed. The result of the evaluation allowed to come up to the conclusions about the marketing opportunities of domestic agricultural enterprises under the conditions of entering the markets of these countries. As a result of the proposed approach, it is possible to identify foreign markets that demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business in them, which indicates the presence of convergent conditions, which is a prerequisite for the entry of goods of domestic agricultural enterprises in the markets of these countries. As a result of the proposed approaches, there were identified new international markets, that demonstrated favorable conditions for doing business in them by domestic agricultural enterprises producing the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals». It has beed developed in the study a target portfolio for further targeting the strategy implementation of internationalization domestic producers of the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals».

Construction of Evaluation System of Water Resources Environmental Carrying Capacity in Island Tourism based on Frequency Analysis Method

Most evaluation systems don’t consider the problem of evaluation index selection, so the evaluation delay increases, and the evaluation results are not ideal, in order to solve the above problems effectively, a system to evaluate the water resources environmental carrying capacity in island tourism based on frequency analysis method is proposed and constructed. Through the study of the concept and connotation of water resources environmental carrying capacity in island tourism, combined with the system analysis theory, the principle of comprehensive evaluation indicator selection is established; the basic indicators are screened by frequency analysis method, and the evaluation system of water resources environmental carrying capacity in island tourism is established. According to the established system, a comprehensive evaluation model is set up to evaluate the environmental carrying capacity of water resources in island tourism. The simulation results show that the proposed system can effectively reduce the delay and improve the accuracy of the results to evaluate the environmental carrying capacity of water resources in island tourism.

Обоснование реконструкции контейнерной площадки

Objective: Having studied the features of container train compositions and the container storage conditions in an open area, to propose measures for the station modification and perform a few calculations demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed measures. Me¬thods: Methods of the general systems theory, system and economic analysis, terminalistics, logistics, and railways opera-tional ma¬nagement have been applied. Results: Two alternative options for the development of a container station are proposed, considering the features of the logistics facilities’ evolution and the theory of terminalistics: extension of the railway track and widening the station for storing high-capacity containers by 20 meters. The technology of container train composition on station tracks is considered. The performance of container train composition is calculated taking into account the technology chan¬ging. Practical importance: The increased capacity of the container station opens up new opportunities for the development of a promising container traffic at the station under consideration and, consequently, for the growth of profitability of the terminal and logistics busi-ness of JSC Russian Railways. The study findings can be applied in the implementation of the con-cepts for the development of the container business of the Russian Railways Holding, the creation of a network of terminal and logistics centers in the Russian Federation, as well as in the design of individual elements of the terminal and warehouse infrastructure and optimization of the container train servicing processes.

A Generic Process Model for Sociocultural Data Collection and Decision Making in Facility Programming

This is the third paper in a trilogy of papers that started with developing the philosophical and theoretical foundations for the study of sociospatial interactions. In the second paper, we created a guiding framework for facilities programming information collection and decision making. In this paper, we use that guiding framework and develop a process model for the programming process. Our methodology involves systems theory, activity theory, and task analysis. We present a generic model of the data collection process in facilities programming. This model delineates process steps, their sequence, and their content. The intent of this model is to provide structure and content suggestions for developing project-specific facilities programing research designs for information collection, processing, and programmatic decision-making. It is a plan for action, articulated and explicated so that professional programmers can use it as a template for organizing their work. This process model is tentative and general, intended as a guide for creating customized process designs for each programming project, considering the specifics of the building type and the programming situation.

Development of the algorithm for selecting a rational regular urban route for electric bus operation

Introduction. The article presents an analysis of researches on the operation of public transport vehicles with an electric drive. Electric buses have been tested in megacities, and despite the advantages, problems were identi- fied both in the selection of the charging type, technological features and with the availability and operation of the charging infrastructure. The operation process is associated with a number of technical restrictions, which in prac- tice make it difficult to select routes for the electric bus operation. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for selecting a rational regular urban route for the electric bus operation and to test it on the example of the route network of Tyumen.Materials and methods. A structural diagram of the factors influencing the selection of the route for the electric bus operation has been formed. As a result of processing expert assessments, the most significant factors were identified. The diagram of the interconnections of these factors is identified and limitations for the algorithm are for- mulated based on the theory of systems analysis. The algorithm for selecting the rational regular urban route for the electric bus operation has been developed. It enables creating the simulation model for selecting a rational regular urban route for the operation of an electric bus.Results. The diagram of factors influencing the selection of a rational regular urban route for the operation of an electric bus, taking into account their mutual relations, has been formed. The algorithm and simulation model for se- lecting a rational regular urban route for the operation of an electric bus has been developed. Several urban routes in Tyumen were assessed for the rationality of the introduction of electric buses.Discussion and conclusions. Evaluation of five regular urban routes in Tyumen using the developed algorithm and the simulation model revealed three rational routes, and also showed the inefficiency of the other two. It due to the discrepancy between the duration of the charging session and breaks in operation, as well as the insufficient charge level of the traction battery to ensure the required autonomous movement of the vehicle. In the course of the continuation of these studies, the developed algorithm will be supplemented with the stage of economic assess- ment of routes for the operation of electric buses.

Methods for researching the sustainability of production processes when implementing a cyber-physical system

The article presents an analysis of the methods and criteria for assessing sustainability and the development of stabilization systems, proposed in the theory of automatic control, and studies of approaches to ensuring sustainability, proposed and applied in the practice of controlling production processes. It is proposed to develop models when introducing a cyber-physical system of a production enterprise, combining the ideas of stabilization systems developed in the theory of automatic control, and methods of the theory and practice of managing production processes, while controlling the sustainability based on the laws and methods of systems theory and system analysis.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИНЖИНИРИНГА В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА

The COVID-19 pandemic has really become a real shock for the whole world. The way of life has changed not only for people, but also for companies in various industries. Today, the real estate market, like many other industries, is in conditions of economic instability. The study highlights the problems faced by the construction sector in the current conditions of the coronavirus pandem-ic. One of these problems is the sustainable competitiveness of construction and its compliance with new consumer preferences. Aim. The study of the influence of engineering solutions and other fac-tors on the competitiveness of construction in modern economic conditions, the definition of key criteria. Development and description of the decision-making methodology for choosing the optimal construction enterprise from the point of view of competitiveness. Materials and methods. The methods of system analysis, optimization methods, hierarchy analysis and decision theory are ap-plied in the work. Within the framework of the proposed methodology, the author's method of identifying key competitiveness criteria has been developed. Since the problem of choosing the optimal solution from among the alternatives is based on a multi-criteria approach, the use of this method is quite appropriate. The template for the formation of the methodology was identified based on the analy-sis of existing research in this area. Results. The author summarizes and supplements the criteria and factors affecting the competitiveness of construction organizations in the study. The author's method of making a decision on determining the optimal construction enterprise from the point of view of competitiveness based on the criteria considered by the author is presented. This technique includes several stages: 1) forming a goal; 2) formation of criteria by which organizations will be evaluated; 3) calculation of criteria for each organization and bringing them to a homogeneous type of data; 4) building a tree of goals and a matrix of priorities; 5) Determining the values of priority vectors for each organization under study. Conclusion. The total influence of criteria and engineering solutions on the competitiveness of construction is determined. In this regard, the implementation of the con-struction project should be carried out taking into account the strategic goals of the organization and binding to the identified criteria. The proposed methodology is developed for Russian construc-tion companies operating in modern economic conditions.

IMPROVEMENT OF METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF BAKERY INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

The article investigates the methods of improving the methodological approaches to the management of the economic security system of the bakery industry. It was found that the creation of such a system requires the intensification of scientific and practical research to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations of economic security systems that would take into account general and specific problems of the industry and were effective in both short and long term. The approaches to the definition of the concept of "economic security of the enterprise" are generalized and systematized and the author's definition of this category is given. The guidelines of the research within the system approach are determined. The components of the economic security management system of the bakery enterprises and their correlation are investigated and substantiated. A system of economic security management of enterprises of the bakery industry has been developed, which takes into account theoretical and methodological studies of systems theory and systems analysis in the field of economic security. Within the framework of the developed system, its main elements are studied and a conclusion is made about the peculiarities of its implementation and functioning.