Synthesis Of Bimetallic Nanoparticles Research Articles

Antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti‐Alzheimer performance of green synthesized silver, gold, and silver/gold bimetallic nanoparticles

Nanotechnology can be used to produce nanoparticles (NPs) through the green route by using plant extract. NPs can be synthesized in many ways, but there is a growing need to build up high‐yield, low‐priced, harmless, and eco‐friendly procedures; thus, the green synthesis of NPs is one recent advancement in nanotechnology and nanoscience. The current study is designed for the development of an easy, feasible, and eco‐friendly, method for the biosynthesis of silver/gold (Ag/Au) monometallic NPs (MNPs) and their Ag/Au bimetallic NPs (BNPs) by using the metabolic extract of the novelHippeastrum hybridum(HH) plant. The HH plant has not previously been used in the synthesis of BNPs. These NPs were then tested for their potential as a scavenger of different free radicals, that is, ferric chloride, 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 2,2 azobis, 3‐ethyl benzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS), ammonium molybdate, anti‐enzyme activity against alpha‐amylase (α‐amylase), and snake venom enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to check their potential as antioxidants by using ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy investigations, MNPs and BNPs were both identified. According to UV–vis sharp peaks at 417, 576, and 542 nm were recorded, which corresponded to AgNPs, AuNPs, and BNPs, respectively. According to XRD examination, the crystal structure contains Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs with average sizes of 13.3, 10.72, and 8.34 nm, respectively. Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs possessed morphologies that were asymmetrical, according to SEM, and were calculated to be 40, 30, and 20 nm in size, respectively. The signal of Ag of the HH‐AgNPs was confirmed to be 22.75%, the Au signal of the HH‐AuNPs to be 48.08%, the Ag signal to be 12%, and the elemental Au signal to be 38.26% of the Ag/Au BNPs. The BNPs showed more significant activities as free radical scavengers with 86.58 ± 0.031 (ferric chloride), 50 ± 0.052 (molybdenum), 69.1 ± 0.31 (DPPH), 64.15 ± 0.31 (H2O2), and 70.55 ± 0.08 (ABTS) 50% inhibitory concentrations. BNPs competitively inhibit α‐amylase (Vmaxremained unchanged,Kmincreased from 10.65% to 84.37% and 10.75% to 132.76%, respectively), while in the case of AChE,Kmremained constant andVmaxdecreased from 23.62% to 40.26% due to a non‐competitive type of inhibition. However, further research is suggested to reduce the drawbacks of NPs.

Prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury in mice by Tragopogon dubius green-mediated silver/palladium nanoparticles and its potential mechanisms

The green synthesis of bi-metallic nanoparticles has achieved great attraction due to the wide variety of their applications especially in medicinal fields. Silver/palladium NPs are a noble metallic of this class of compounds. In this study, Ag/Pd NPs were green synthesized in aqueous media in the presence of Tragopogon dubius extract. The NPs were characterized by techniques of FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX. Ag/Pd@ Tragopogon dubius was formed in the spherical morphology with an average crystal size of 31.77 nm. For the FT-IR spectrum of Ag/Pd@ Tragopogon dubius the peaks at 482, 504, 567, and 637 1/cm correlate to silver/palladium- oxygen bonds. The signals at 2theta values of 38.15, 44.25, 64.22, and 76.40 are indexed to the planes of (111), (200), (220), and (311) in XRD. The particle size of Ag/Pd@ Tragopogon dubius is ranged up to 55 nm. According to the EDX result, the presence of silver and palladium is approved by the four signals around 3 Kev. The signals belong to Pd Lα, Ag Lα, Pd Lβ, and Ag Lβ. The Signals at 0.3 and 0.53 Kev are related to oxygen and carbon. In the in vivo design, mice treated by Ag/Pd@ Tragopogon dubius nanoparticles, then the acue kidney injury was induced by lipopolysaccharide. On 10th day, all animals were anesthesized and blood and kidney were separated. The blood serum gained for determining the BUN and creatinine and left kidneys were frozen for cellular and molecular studies and half of right kidneys were stained through H & E and PAS and another half was sent for IHC staining. According to the results, KIM-1 and NGAL were expressed at very high levels in the untreated group and a significant decrease was seen at the control group; but, administration of 10 and 40 µg/kg Ag/Pd@Tragopogon dubius nanoparticles significantly decreased KIM-1 and NGAL expression. Ag/Pd@Tragopogon dubius nanoparticles treatment significantly attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced reactive oxygen species generation. Serum creatinine and BUN levels, which are renal function biomarkers, were significantly decreased in Ag/Pd@Tragopogon dubius nanoparticles treatment. Tubular cell necrosis and renal tubular vacuolation were seen in lipopolysaccharide-injected mice, and the Ag/Pd@Tragopogon dubius nanoparticles administration attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced structural injury.

RETRACTED: Microwave-assisted synthesis of Vulcan Carbon supported Palladium–Nickel (PdNi@VC) bimetallic nanoparticles, and investigation of antibacterial and Safranine dye removing effects

As an alternative to antibiotics, nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly being used for targeting bacteria. Nanotechnology holds great potential in the treatment of bacterial infections. Although the mechanisms of antibacterial activity of NPs are not fully understood, widely accepted explanations include oxidative stress induction, metal ion release, and non-oxidative processes. Several simultaneous gene changes would be required in the bacterial cell, making it difficult for bacterial cells to develop resistance to NPs. One important application of nanoparticles is in dye removal. Nanoparticle structures can be utilized effectively as adsorbents due to their reduced size and increased surface area, by combining noble metals, Palladium–Nickel (Pd–Ni), with a carbon structure known as Vulcan Carbon (VC), it is anticipated that the consumption of precious metals can be reduced while benefiting from the enhanced properties of the bimetallic structure. The PdNi@VC structure was synthesized using the microwave synthesis technique. Characterization techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to confirm the formation of the bimetallic structure. According to the Debye-Scherrer equation, the size is 2.74 nm. In addition, photodegradation assays using simulator solar radiation yielded 67% efficacy against Safranine dye. In addition, The PdNi@VC had a high percentage of bacterial inhibition at the concentration of 200 g/ml against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), and Escherichia coli (E.coli). This study focuses on the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles for antibacterial applications and investigates their effectiveness in dye removal from wastewater. The obtained results provide valuable insights for the implementation of innovative methods in these areas.

Photocatalytic, antioxidant and biological activities of Alternantherasessilis (Linn.) leaf aqueous extract mediated ““Ag-Cu””bimetallic nanoparticles

In this study, “Ag-Cu” Nano composite (Bimetallic Nanoparticles) were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Alternanthera sessilis(Linn.) leaf. Biological synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles has gained popularity due to its eco-friendly, cost-effective, and safe characteristics. FTIR and EDX analysis confirmed that phytochemicals present in the leaf extract played a crucial role in reducing and stabilizing the “Ag-Cu”Bimetallic Nanoparticles, which was supported by the observed zeta potential value of −31 mV, indicating the formation of stable Bimetallic Nanoparticles. XRD analysis revealed that the biogenic “Ag-Cu”Bimetallic Nanoparticles possessed a crystalline face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. TEM analysis displayed spherical Bimetallic Nanoparticles with an average size of approximately 30 nm. The “Ag-Cu”Bimetallic Nanoparticles exhibited significant photocatalytic activity against various dyes, including Eosin Y, Crystal Violet, Methylene Blue, Rhodamine B, and Methyl Orange, with degradation percentages of 98%, 94%, 97%, 93.6%, and 95% respectively after 60 min. Moreover, the biogenic “Ag-Cu”Bimetallic Nanoparticles demonstrated intriguing dose-dependent antioxidant activity, with an ABTS IC50% value of 123.86 μg/mL and the highest activity recorded at 200 μg/mL, as 70.02%. Furthermore, the “Ag-Cu”Bimetallic Nanoparticles displayed enhanced efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria compared to Gram-positive bacteria, resulting in a Zone of Inhibition against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, B. subtilis, and S. aureus, measuring 14 mm, 19 mm, 21 mm, and 15 mm respectively. Additionally, the Bimetallic Nanoparticles exhibited the highest anticancer activity at a concentration of 100 µg/mL against HeLacancer cells and A549cancer cell lines, resulting in cell viability percentages of 90% and 92% respectively.

Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Applications—An Updated Review

The manipulation of matter at the atomic level (nanotechnology) has experienced an explosion in research interest in recent years. Bimetallic nanoparticles are vital due to their high biocompatibility, stability and comparatively less toxicity. The synthesis methods that include physical, chemical and biological methods are explored and explained in detail, along with their advantages. They have a wide range of applications due to their synergistic properties including biological applications (in medicine and agriculture), environmental application (in water treatment and removal of toxic contaminants), engineering application (in nanosensors, nanochips and nano-semiconductors) and chemical and physical application (in optics, catalysis and paints). The green synthesis approach is a promising method of synthesis that can give rise to more biocompatible and less toxic bimetallic nanoparticles due to increasing environmental pollution. However, despite these interesting attributes of bimetallic nanoparticle, there is still much work to be done to improve the biocompatibility of bimetallic nanoparticles because of their toxicity and potentially hazardous effects.

Optical properties of synthesized Au/Ag Nanoparticles using 532 nm and 1064 nm pulsed laser ablation: effect of solution concentration

The primary objective of this experimental research is to introduce the capacity of laser irradiation into the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles from noble metals. Gold and silver nanoparticles are produced through the laser ablating gold and silver targets in distilled water. Originally, the samples are synthesized by using Nd:YAG laser with 1064 nm wavelength and 7 ns pulse width. Following this, solutions mixed with different volumetric ratios, are irradiated by the second harmonic of the said laser at 532 nm wavelength. The absorption peak of gold nanoparticles around 530 nm, is used to transfer the laser energy to nanoparticles and synthesize Au/Ag bimetallic nanoparticles. The wavelength and volumetric ratio of solutions are the experiment's variables. The bimetallic nanoparticles are characterized as follows: X-ray diffraction pattern, spectroscopy in the range of UV–Vis-NIR and IR, Photoluminescence spectrum, Dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Additionally, FE-SEM and TEM images are used to study the size and morphology of nanoparticles. One of the aims of the research is to investigate the effects of laser wavelength and different volumetric concentrations on the optical properties of Au/Ag bimetallic nanoparticles. On the other hand, the study revealed that silver concentration and laser wavelength in the synthesis of Au/Ag bimetallic nanoparticles with different structures, cause the formation of crystalline structure, growth of grain size, and therefore silver oxide reduction.

Bio-Inspired Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications: Review

Bio-Inspired Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Applications: Review

Development of Electrode Materials with Platinum Metal Nanoparticles on Nickel Substrates for Alkaline Water Electrolysis

This work is devoted to the development and research of functional and physico-chemical parameters of electrodes based on nanocomposite metals for water electrolysis. As a functional matrix support the nickel foam was chosen. The synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles of nickel-platinum with further application to nickel foam was carried out. Particle sizes were investigated by electron microscopy methods. Resource tests of electrolysis cells constructed on the basis of the obtained electrodes were carried out.

Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Activities of Bimetallic Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized Using a Purple Non‐Sulfur Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas faecalis

AbstractOne of the recent and actively researched areas is the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs). Silver and gold BMNPs are prepared from aqueous AgNO3 and HAuCL4 as the precursors using the as prepared culture filtrate of Rhodopseudomonas faecalis as a reducing agent in aqueous medium. An ambient temperature of 25°C is maintained throughout the process, where the AgNO3 and HAuCL4 solution in 1:1 v/v is stirred continuously and culture filtrate is added. The synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles is shown by the brown color which indicates the formation of composite nanoparticles. The characterization is done using different kinds of techniques. Synthesized nanoparticles size is in the range between 31.71 and 153.7 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that the nanoparticles are in small and round in shape. The anticancer and antimicrobial activities of the BMNPs are investigated. Anticancer activity of composite nanoparticles reveals that the composite nanoparticles show more cytotoxicity toward cancer cell lines HT‐29 and MCF‐7. The synthesized composite nanoparticles can be used as efficient antimicrobials and anticancer agents for diagnosis, treatment of various infections, and cancers.

Reuse of Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Nitrate Reduction

The aim of this research is investigation of FeNi bimetallic nanoparticles effectiveness after their using in the reduction of the high nitrate concentration. The advantage of the reusability is opportunity to create cost effective and environmentally friendly technologies. In this paper the efficiency of the same bimetallic nanoparticles was described. The same nanoparticles were used for nitrate reduction in the first, second and third times. After each use they were collected and used again for reduction of 300 mg L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> nitrates. Fe/Ni based bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized freshly and used for nitrate removal. Synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles was carried out in the presence of sodium oleate as dispersing agent by widely known borohydride reduction method. Batch experiments were performed on nitrate contaminated water samples. The parameters investigated were the reaction pH (acidic, alkaline conditions) and nitrates concentration after their reusing. The results showed that the total nitrate reduction (99.75%) was occurred after 5 min of reaction in the presence of freshly synthesized nanoparticles. Then the same nanoparticles were repeatedly used for nitrate reduction. This test has been performed thrice to study nanoparticles effectiveness after each use. It was investigated that the efficiency of nitrate degradation decreased after reusing. The second remediation by the same nanoparticles consisted 64.67% of nitrates removal and the third one – 47%. To evaluate the nitrate reduction rate and the kinetic of reaction, additional tests were performed at different temperatures. The structural characterization of freshly synthesized and reused bimetallic nanoparticles was investigated by TEM. Results showed that bimetallic nanoparticles were covered with an oxide layer after nitrates reduction. Decreased efficiency of reused bimetallic nanoparticles can be due to the appearance of an oxide layer.

Green one-pot synthesis of bimetallic Pd–Pt nanosponges using biomolecules with enhanced catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reactions

Green one-pot synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles of Pd and Pt using RNA molecules as the capping/stabilizing agent and ascorbic acid as the reducing agent was described.

Catalytic degradation of HIV drugs in water and antimicrobial activity of Chrysin-conjugated Ag-Au, Ag-Cu, and Au-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles

Biogenic synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) have important applications in medicine and catalytic reactions due to their emerging properties. In this study, we report a new approach for the synthesis of biofunctionlized bimetallic silver, gold, and copper (Chry@Ag-Au, Chry@Ag-Cu, and Chry@Au-Cu) nanoparticles using Chry as bioreductant and capping agent, which is a natural anticancer bioflavonoid emerged as potential drug therapy for cancer treatment. The synthesized BMNPs were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET analysis, zeta potential, and UV–Vis spectrometer to know the shape, size, structure, surface area, and bandgap energy. BMNPs were tested for the catalytic degradation of HIV drugs (stavudine (STV) and zidovudine (ZDV)) in the presence of NaBH4 as a reducing agent in an aqueous medium. The maximum degradation (≈ 96 %) of STV and ZDV was observed in 18 min of reaction time using Chry@Ag-Au BMNPs in the presence of NaBH4 and reused up to 5 consecutive runs without significant loss of catalytic activity. The synthesized BMNPs (20 μg/mL) were determined to estimation of antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, as well as fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans respectively by well diffusion method.

Photocatalytic Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Medium by Fe, Mn and Fe-Mn Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Cannabis sativa Leaf Extract

Current work describes green synthesis of Fe, Mn (monometallic) and Fe-Mn (bimetallic) nanoparticles using Cannabis sativa leaf extract as stabilizing and capping agent. In order to assess the formation of nanoparticles UV/Vis and FTIR analysis was carried out. In addition, Scanning electron microscopy and XRD studies confirmed synthesis as well as morphology of the nanoparticles. All the nanoparticles were found having particle size 20–80 nm and crystallite 3–20 nm. Photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanoparticles has been evaluated by carrying out degradation of two dyes methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR) in the presence of nanocatalysts. Degradation of both the dyes was carried out separately using Fe, Mn and Fe-Mn nanoparticles to compare the efficiency of monometallic with bimetallic nanoparticles. Iron and manganese monometallic particles have completely degraded MO in 18 min and 20 min and CR in 24 min and 18 min respectively. However, due to increased synergistic effect Fe-Mn BNPs completely degraded MO dye in just 12 min and CR in 14 min. In nutshell, this work is actually a step towards the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles using a plant extract with improved synergistic photocatalytic activities which impart various properties to the designed nanomaterial.

Bimetallic Au-Ag Nanoparticles: Advanced Nanotechnology for Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance.

To date, there are no antimicrobial agents available in the market that have absolute control over the growing threat of bacterial strains. The increase in the production capacity of antibiotics and the growing antibacterial resistance of bacteria have majorly affected a variety of businesses and public health. Bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) with two separate metals have been found to have stronger antibacterial potential than their monometallic versions. This enhanced antibacterial efficiency of bimetallic nanoparticles is due to the synergistic effect of their participating monometallic counterparts. To distinguish between bacteria and mammals, the existence of diverse metal transport systems and metalloproteins is necessary for the use of bimetallic Au–Ag NPs, just like any other metal NPs. Due to their very low toxicity toward human cells, these bimetallic NPs, particularly gold–silver NPs, might prove to be an effective weapon in the arsenal to beat emerging drug-resistant bacteria. The cellular mechanism of bimetallic nanoparticles for antibacterial activity consists of cell membrane degradation, disturbance in homeostasis, oxidative stress, and the production of reactive oxygen species. The synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles can be performed by a bottom-up and top-down strategy. The bottom-up technique generally includes sol-gel, chemical vapor deposition, green synthesis, and co-precipitation methods, whereas the top-down technique includes the laser ablation method. This review highlights the key prospects of the cellular mechanism, synthesis process, and antibacterial capabilities against a wide range of bacteria. Additionally, we also discussed the role of Au–Ag NPs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection and wound healing.

Comparative of Green-Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles Iron/Nickel (Fe/Ni) and Supported on Zeolite 5A: Heterogeneous Fenton-like For Dye Removal From Aqueous Solutions

Green synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles of Fe/Ni (G-Fe/Ni-NPs) and zeolite-5A supported (G-Z-Fe/Ni-NPs) as heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation for the decolourisation of reactive red 120-dye (RR120) from the aqueous medium using green tea extract as a reducing agent. Zeolite-5A from local kaolin is prepared and characterised using the hydrothermal method and is used as a supporting material for Fe/Ni-NPs. (SEM), (EDX), (AFM), (XRD), (FT-IR), (BET). Its zeta potential were used to characterise G-Fe/Ni-NPs and G-Z-Fe/Ni-NPs. The decolourisation efficiency (Ed) of the RR120-dye using a heterogeneous Fenton-like for G-Fe/Ni-NPs and G-Z-Fe/Ni-NPs is 99.8% and 99.9%, respectively, under the optimum conditions: [H2O2] = 20 and 1 mmol/L, respectively, by G-Fe/Ni-NPs, NPs dosage = 0.1 g/L, [RR120-dye] = 25 mg/L and pH = 3. The results show that the reactivity of Fe/Ni-NPs was improved when zeolite-5A was used as support, showing fast removal. Three kinetic models (first-order, second-order, and Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbary, BMG) were evaluated. The first-order, (econd-order and BMG models were found to be the best models representing the experimental kinetic data of RR120-dye in the state of G-Fe/Ni-NPs and G-Z-Fe/Ni-NPs, respectively. The study of the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) for the removal of RR120-dye at 30°C, 40°C and 50°C indicates an appropriate, spontaneous, and endothermic reaction. The Ed using Fenton-like and adsorption processes are compared.

Exploring bimetallic Au–Ag core shell nanoparticles reduced using leaf extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum as a potential antibacterial and nanocatalytic agent

Biosynthesis of bimetallic Au–Ag core shell nanoparticle under ambient condition using Ocimum tenuiflorum (Krishna Tulsi) leaf extract is being reported for the first time. For the biosynthesized bimetallic core shell nanoparticles (OTAuAgNPs) visual and spectrophotometric analysis was performed. Development of a deep purple color suggested the creation of OTAuAgNPs. It was then validated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry within 4 h of incubation showing a surface plasmon resonance peak at 560 nm. FESEM-EDAX, FT-IR, particle analyzer and XRD were the analytical techniques employed to characterize the biosynthesized OTAuAgNPs. Using a known antibiotic as a control, OTAuAgNPs (10 mg/ml) had a substantial bacteriostatic effect against Gram + ve (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram −ve (E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. The OTAuAgNPs (6.5 mg) showed good catalytic action for the adsorption of Coomassie brilliant blue R250 dye (CBB) (50 mg/L, 25 mL), confirmed by the reduction in absorbance maxima that is time dependent. A remarkable adsorption of CBB (94.79%) was attained within 120 min, and the results were best-suited PSO and Elovich models with adsorption kinetic constant of 5.96E−04 g/mg.min and 37.81 mg/g.min, respectively. Further the toxicity studies of brilliant blue R250 dye and metabolite of CBB (post nano-remediated dye solution) was carried out on Vigna radiata (green gram) germination and growth. OTAuAgNPs as nanocatalyst remediated water revealed that it was nontoxic. Thus an ecofriendly and cost-effective approach for bimetallic nanoparticle synthesis could be further explored for removal of CBB from wastewater effluents.

Bimetallic nanozyme mediated urine glucose monitoring through discriminant analysis of colorimetric signal

The ability to detect glucose concentrations in human urine offers a non-invasive approach to monitor changes in blood glucose, kidney health and vascular complications associated with diabetes. We show the potential of employing catalytically active nanoparticles directly grown on textiles to produce a dose-dependent colorimetric sensor for glucose. We use a galvanic replacement (GR) reaction for the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles. Here, Cu nanoparticles act as a sacrificial template that undergoes a spontaneous electroless GR reaction when exposed to metal ions of gold, silver, platinum, and palladium to form bimetallic Cu-M nanoparticles (M = Au, Ag, Pt, or Pd). The evaluation of their intrinsic peroxidase-mimicking catalytic activity (“nanozyme”) in comparison to that of the Cu nanozyme revealed that the bimetallic systems show a higher catalytic rate with the Cu–Pt nanozyme showing the highest catalytic efficiency. This property of the Cu–Pt nanozyme was then utilized to detect glucose in human urine using the glucose oxidase enzyme as a molecular recognition element. A key outcome of our study is the ability to detect urine glucose without requiring sample dilution which is an advantage over the gold standard GOx-POx method and significantly more reliable performance over commercial urine glucose dipsticks. The difference in the intensity of the colorimetric response between different glucose concentrations further allowed this sensor system to be combined with digital imaging tools for multivariate analysis.

Bimetallic nickel-palladium nanoparticles with low Ni content and their enhanced ethanol oxidation performance: Using a pulsed laser as modification machinery

Currently, the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) is complicated and requires several chemicals and a high amount of energy. Therefore, it is crucial to advance a novel method for synthesizing bimetallic NPs with excellent electrocatalytic activity. Herein, 3 nm bimetallic nickel-palladium (NiPd) NPs were synthesized via facile pulsed laser irradiation (PLI) method without using any reducing agents. The synthesized NPs included a very low nickel (Ni) content of approximately 4–8 wt% due to the reduction potential difference between the Ni and Pd. The cohesive force between the particles also increased, based on the high Ni content. The electrochemical results indicated that the synthesized NPs showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for use in an ethanol oxidation reaction in an alkaline electrolyte. The obtained bimetallic NiPd NPs with a Ni content of 5 wt% offered a superior mass activity of 4.26 A/mgPd compared with other NPs. This study highlighted that the PLI method showed great potential for synthesizing highly electrocatalytically active bimetallic NiPd NPs for use in an ethanol oxidation reaction.

Evaluation of Cu-Ag Bimetallic Nanoalloys as Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Anticancerous Drug Biosynthesized from Curcuma aromatica

Drug resistant strains are formed due to unsuitable uses of antibiotics and insufficient check of infections. In present years, due to the extensive antimicrobial properties, metallic nanoparticles and metallo-pharmaceutics are highly proposed. Therefore, the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles are exploring towards the evolution of more productive amalgamative antimicrobials composed of combined metals. In this study, the green synthesis of Cu-Ag bimetallic nano-alloys using aqueous extract from the leaves of Curcuma aromatica is carried out. Synthesized Cu-Ag nano-alloys were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM-EDAX), cyclic voltammogram (CV). The characterization studies reveals that the biosynthesis produced core-shell Cu-Ag nano-alloys with spherical shape and average diameter size of 15 nm. The synthesized Cu-Ag nanoalloys exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antidiabetic potential of Cu-Ag nanoalloys shows an effective inhibition against α-glucosidase. Anticancerous activity of Cu-Ag nanoalloys indicates its greater efficacy in destroying cancer cells. The biosynthesis of Cu-Ag nanoalloys can be employed in medical and industrial fields on a large scale with cost reductive method.

Innovative approach to controlled Pt-Rh bimetallic nanoparticle synthesis.

Precise control of the elemental composition and distribution in bimetallic nanoparticles is of great interest for both fundamental studies and applications, e.g. in catalysis. We present a new innovative and facile synthesis strategy for the production of true solid solution Pt1−xRhx nanoparticles. This constitutes a development of the established heat-up method, where undesired shell formation is fully suppressed, despite utilizing metal precursors with different reaction rates. The concept is demonstrated through synthesis of selected Pt1−xRhx solid solution compositions via the polyalcohol reduction approach. In addition, we provide modified procedures, using the same surface stabilizing agent/metal precursors reaction matrix yielding controlled model Rh(core)–Pt(shell) and Pt(core)–Rh(shell) nanoparticles. Tunable bimetallic solid solution and core–shell nanoparticles with the same capping agent are of key importance in systematic fundamental studies, as functional materials properties may be altered by modifying the surface termination.