Syndrome In Elderly People Research Articles

Long-term consequences of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients over 75 years old

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic remains an urgent medical and socio-economic problem. The symptoms, signs and complications of COVID-19 in the acute phase of the disease are now well known, while the long-term consequences of the disease continue to be studied. AIM: The aim of this study was to study the frequency, clinical manifestations of “prolonged” COVID-19 and post-covid syndrome in advanced and old ages people treated in a hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients aged over 75 years old diagnosed with COVID-19 who were treated in two multidisciplinary hospitals in Moscow in 2021–2022: 94 patients aged 75 to 94 years, including 75.5% of women. At the stage of inpatient treatment, patients were interviewed and medical records were analyzed with registration of demographic data, comorbidities, clinical symptoms and signs of the disease, laboratory markers, complications, and treatment outcome. After 1 and 12 months. after discharge, among the survivors, they were interviewed by telephone interview using a special questionnaire with registration of complaints, repeated hospitalizations and complications of COVID-19, assessment of their psycho-emotional state and identification of cognitive-behavioral disorders. RESULTS: In 70.2% of cases, the disease proceeded in a severe and extremely severe form. The majority of patients before COVID-19 had chronic diseases, most often arterial hypertension (85.9%), chronic heart failure (45.7%) and diabetes mellitus (27.2%). Hospital mortality was 22.6%. Poll after 1 month performed in 41/70 surviving patients (58.6%). Among the symptoms, the most common were fainting (41.5%), palpitations (36.6%), constipation (34.1%), the appearance or increase of shortness of breath (31.7%). Almost every day, 14.6%, 12.2% and 14.6% of the respondents experienced stress, anxiety and apathy. Difficulties in performing hygiene procedures, self-care, dressing were observed in 19.5, 12.2 and 12.2% of cases, respectively; 36.6% experienced severe problems when walking long distances. Poll after 12 months performed in 34/70 people (51.4%). Among the symptoms, the most frequently recorded were behavioral changes (32.4%), increased blood pressure (26.5%), problems with vision (26.5%) and hearing (23.5%). Psycho-emotional disorders were detected less frequently: 2 patients (5.9%) experienced daily stress, 1 respondent (2.9%) was worried about strong agitation and apathy. Difficulties in dressing, performing hygiene procedures, self-care were experienced by 32.4, 29.4 and 8.8% of patients; 20.6% experienced severe problems when walking long distances. CONCLUSIONS: The conducted study indicates a high prevalence of symptoms of “prolonged” COVID-19 and post-covid syndrome in elderly people and the duration of their persistence, which may limit their functional activity and negatively affect the quality of life.

Assessment of the correlation between the occurrence of fine movements of the hand, pre-frailty, and body composition in the elderly

PurposeThe main objective of the study was to evaluate the correlations between fine movements of the hand, the tissue composition of the upper limb, and the occurrence of frailty syndrome in elderly people in the Polish population.MethodsThe study included 998 individuals living alone aged 60 to 87 years. Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements were taken, tests of motor skills of the upper limbs and functional efficiency were performed, and the phenotype of physical weakness was assessed.ResultsParticipants identified as pre-frailty were observed to score less favourably in motor skills tests compared to other participants. The significance of the differences between the males and females was confirmed for most tests of precision, coordination, and speed of the upper limbs, in addition to the number of aiming errors. A correlation was observed between reduced fine movements of the hand and age, reduced functional efficiency, and low muscle mass of the upper limbs. Of all the included hand motor tests, only hand tremor scores in the stability test did not affect the risk of pre-frailty.ConclusionsThe study showed a significant, positive correlation between the fine movements of the hand, mainly with the weight and strength of the muscles of the upper limb, and negative in the case of the risk of frailty syndrome. It is advisable to focus on programs to raise awareness of the importance of physical activity, which translates into health and quality of life.

Factors associated with Acute Confusion Syndrome in elderly people hospitalized in the Geriatrics service. 2020

Introduction: population aging is unprecedented; it has no parallels in the history of humanity. Objective: characterize the factors associated with Acute Confusion Syndrome in elderly people admitted to the Geriatrics ward of the “Dr. Agostinho Neto” from Guantánamo, in the period from January to December 2020. Method: analytical observational, retrospective case-control study in the geriatrics ward of the “Dr. Agostinho Neto” from Guantánamo belonging to the country Cuba during the period from January to December 2020, the study population and sample consisted of 133 patients, the variables were studied: age, sex, origin, functional level, polypharmacy, personal pathological history, diagnosis at admission and associated factors. Individual medical records were used as the primary source to obtain data by developing a form. Results: it can be seen that the female sex prevailed with 72 patients (54,55 %), the age group of 70-79 years was the one with the highest incidence, with 51 patients, for 38,64 % of the total, within This group with the highest incidence is that of patients who did not present delirium with 34 subjects for 25,76 %. Conclusions: there is a high frequency of Acute Confusion Syndrome in older adults hospitalized in the Geriatrics service, mainly in females aged between 70-79 years, high blood pressure was identified as the main personal pathological history.

Association between Renal Function and Individual and Combined Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly People in Brazil

Background: Current literature highlights that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem and that metabolic syndrome (MS) is a potential risk factor, especially among the elderly population, since aging seems to create metabolic disorders such as hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and glycemic decompensation. Despite this, some mechanisms/events of the relationship between kidney damage and MS remain controversial. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the association of compromised glomerular filtration rate with metabolic syndrome and its components in a population of Brazilian elderly. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Northeast Brazil with 273 elderly men and women aged between 60 and 93 years. Clinical, sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle data, as well as biochemical, blood pressure, and glomerular filtration rate variables, were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Stata® (Statacorp, College Station, Texas, USA), version 14, adopting a significance level of p<0.05. The research has ethical approval (no. 2,216,538). Results: There was a significant difference between impaired renal function and adequate values of WC (p = 0.044), triglycerides (p = 0.018), LDL-c (p = 0.015), and the presence of more than three components of MS (p = 0.036). High values of triglycerides (PR 1.48; p = 0.025) and LDLc (PR 1.44; p = 0.017) and presence of more than three components of MS (PR 1.45; p = 0.023) increase the chance of kidney damage. Conclusion: The presence of individual and combined components of MS (high triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-c, and low HDL-c) promotes the impairment of renal function among the elderly studied. It is noteworthy that MS does not represent a significant independent factor to generate losses to GFR.

Fragility syndrome in elderly people

Introduction: Frailty syndrome is a condition associated with growing old with high incidence in elderly people. Objective: To identify fragility syndrome in elderly people in the nursing home ''Sagrado Corazón de Jesús''. Methods: Descriptive, comparative, correlational and cross-sectional study. The total study population was 60 patients, the Fragility Tilburg Indicator (TFI) was used to measure total fragility, as well as each domain of fragility, including: physical fragility with 8 items, cognitive fragility with 4 items, and social fragility with 3 items. Results: Physical fragility has a mean of 2 points a maximum of 8 points with a mean of 6.8 points and a σ=1.55. Psychological fragility shows a minimum of 0 points a maximum of 4 points with a mean of 3.25 points and a σ=0.79. Social fragility shows a minimum of 0 points a maximum of 1 point with a mean of 0.9 points with a σ=3.0 points. Conclusions: Fragility is a complicated syndrome, which requires a special treatment because it is a frequent disorder in the elderly, so it is essential to perform a quick examination through the application of scales, in order to know the lifestyle, risk factors, and motor and mental skills that the elderly person has, so as to be able to interpret the management required by the patient.

THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON INDICATORS OF THE LOCOMOTIVE SYNDROME IN ELDERLY PERSONS WITH THE CONSEQUENCES OF TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed physical therapy program on the parameters of the locomotive syndrome in elderly people with the motor consequences of total knee arthroplasty against the background of the geriatric syndrome of sarcopenia, in the remote period after the operation.
 Methods. 80 elderly people were examined. The control group consisted of 24 people without joint endoprostheses, with no signs of sarcopenia. The comparison group consisted of individuals with knee arthroplasty and sarcopenia with low rehabilitation compliance with regard to active rehabilitation intervention. Representatives of the main group with knee endoprosthesis and sarcopenia practiced according to a developed program of physical therapy, created taking into account the specifics of each comorbid condition. The program lasted 6 months; contained the following elements: therapeutic exercises, functional training, massage, kinesiotaping; dietary recommendations; patient education. Its purpose was: correction of the phenomena of motor stereotype violation as a consequence of total knee arthroplasty, in particular, phenomena of the locomotive syndrome, leveling of the phenomena of sarcopenia both at the level of its motor manifestations and at the level of etiopathogenesis of this geriatric condition; facilitation of activities of daily life, improvement of psycho-emotional state, and – as a result – improvement of quality of life. In the process of physical therapy, individual short- and long-term goals defined in the SMART format were consistently achieved within the framework of the patient-centered rehabilitation model. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated according to the dynamics of The Short Physical Performance Battery, Functional Gait Assessment, Fall efficacy scale, 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale.
 Results. In elderly patients with knee arthroplasty and sarcopenia, signs of locomotor syndrome were found in the form of impaired balance when performing simple movements (according to The Short Physical Performance Battery), violation of the normal gait stereotype and the resulting risk of falling (according to the Functional Gait Assessment), which led to awareness of the fear of falling (according to the Fall efficacy scale). The hall level of movement disorders corresponded to locomotive syndrome of the II degree (according to the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale). The developed physical therapy program revealed a statistical improvement in the condition of patients due to the effect on the components of the locomotive syndrome due to the improvement of balance and gait parameters, reduction of the risk of falling and fear of falling compared to the initial indicators for all the studied parameters (р<0.05); however, the indicators of the control group were not reached (p>0.05). Low rehabilitation compliance in patients with knee arthroplasty and sarcopenia, despite awareness of the risks of this comorbidity, was associated with a lack of improvement over a similar follow-up period.
 Conclusions. Elderly patients with the consequences of total knee arthroplasty and sarcopenia require the development of physical therapy programs taking into account and correcting the specifics of each condition, the presence of physical status disorders and the risk of falling, which will increase the overall effectiveness of rehabilitation measures.

Characterization by Gender of Frailty Syndrome in Elderly People according to Frail Trait Scale and Fried Frailty Phenotype.

Background: Frailty has emerged as one of the main geriatric syndromes to be prevented in order to improve quality of health and life in the elderly. In this sense, the characterization of this syndrome through reliable and feasible diagnostic tools for clinical use, such as the Frail Trait Scale 5 (FTS-5) and Frail Trait Scale 3 (FTS-3), represents the basis for this objective. Objectives: To characterize the frailty syndrome in a population of older adults using FTS-5, FTS-3, and Fried phenotype (FP) as frailty diagnostic tools. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: 300 adults ≥65 years recruited from different Family Health Centers and community groups of older people in Talca, Chile. Methods: The diagnosis of frailty was made according to FP, FTS-5, and FTS-3 tools. Data about sociodemographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements were collected by a clinical interview by a previously trained health professional. Results: A total prevalence of frailty according to the FP of 19.7% was observed; while in the group of women and men it was 21.4% and 15.0%, respectively. Concerning the FTS-5 tool, the total prevalence of frailty was 18%, while in the group of women and men was 18.0% and 17.5%, respectively. The FTS-3 tool shows a total prevalence of frailty of 23.3%, while in the group of women and men a prevalence of 22.7% and 25.0%, respectively. A significant difference is observed with respect to the presence of the Fried criteria of “weakness” (women: 21.4%, men: 38.8%) and “weight loss” (women: 16.8%, men: 7.5%; p < 0.05). A significant difference is observed concerning the average score of “Handgrip” criteria, “walking time”, and “Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly” (PASE) between the group of women and men. Frailty, diagnosed by FTS-3, is significantly associated with the risk factors of overweight (body mass index ≥ 25) (OR: 10.225, 95% CI: 1.297–80.617) and advanced age (age ≥ 75 years) (OR: 1.839, 95% CI: 1.040–3.250). Conclusion: The prevalence of frailty observed with the FTS-5 (18%) and FTS-3 (23.3%) tools are similar to the prevalence observed through the FP (19.7%) and those reported in other observational studies. Considering the similar prevalence of frailty diagnosed with the three tools, FTS-3 should be a valuable tool for the screening of frailty in the community.

Identifying peripheral arterial disease in the elderly patientsusing machine-learning algorithms.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common syndrome in elderly people. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, in particular machine-learning algorithms, have been increasingly used in disease diagnosis. In this study, we designed an effective diagnostic model of PAD in the elderlypatients using artificial intelligence. The study was performed with 539 participants, all over 80years in age, who underwent the measurements of Doppler ultrasonography and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI). Blood samples were collected. ABI and two machine-learning algorithms (MLAs)-logistic regression and a random forest (RF) model-were established to diagnose PAD. The sensitivity and specificity of the models were analyzed. An additional RF model was designed based on the most significant features of the original RF model and a prospective study was conducted to demonstrate its external validity. Thirteen of the 28 features introduced to the MLAs differed significantly between PAD and non-PAD participants. The respective sensitivities and specificities of logistic regression, RF, and ABI were as follows: logistic regression (81.5%, 83.8%), RF (89.3%, 91.6%) and ABI (85.1%, 84.5%). In the prospective study, the newly designed RF model based on the most significant seven features exhibited an acceptable performance rate for the diagnosis of PAD with 100.0% sensitivity and 90.3% specificity. An RF model was a more effective method than the logistic regression and ABI for the diagnosis of PAD in an elderly cohort.

Association between thyroid hormone levels and frailty in an older inpatient cohort: a cross-sectional study.

Frailty is a common biological syndrome in elderly people, and the aging process regulates thyroid function. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of frailty in an older inpatient cohort using the FRAIL scale and to evaluate the association of frailty with thyroid hormone levels. This cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. From November 2019 to April 2020, 146 inpatients aged ≥65 years were recruited for the study and demographic data, frailty, geriatric assessment, and thyroid hormone levels were evaluated. Frailty was determined by the FRAIL scale, and geriatric assessment was based on activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The data were analyzed using appropriate parametric and nonparametric statistical tests. At enrollment, 31 (21.23%) of the total participants were robust, 31 (21.23%) were pre-frail, and 84 (57.53%) were frail. The frail patients were significantly older than the robust patients and pre-frail patients (P<0.001 for both). The percentages of ADL disability differed significantly among the patients for frail versus robust, frail versus pre-frail, and pre-frail versus robust, as did the percentages of IADL disability among patients for frail versus robust and frail versus pre-frail (P<0.01 for all). In binary logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, HbA1c (%), and smoking, frailty was significantly associated with serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration [odds ratio (OR): 1.704], T3 concentration (OR: 0.102), ADL score (OR: 0.793), and IADL score (OR: 0.413). In our study population, the prevalence of frailty was higher in older geriatric inpatients in China than other studies. Inpatients with high TSH levels were at increased risk of frailty. Conduction of future longitudinal studies is warranted to determine the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and frailty.

Frailty and Physical Fitness in Elderly People: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Frailty is an age-related condition that implies a vulnerability status affecting quality of life and independence of the elderly. Physical fitness is closely related to frailty, as some of its components are used for the detection of this condition. Thissystematic review and meta-analysiswas conducted to investigate the magnitude of the associations between frailty and different physical fitness components and to analyse if several health-related factors can act as mediators in the relationship between physical fitness and frailty. A systematic search was conducted of PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, covering the period from the respective start date of each database to March 2020, published in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Two investigators evaluated 1649 studies against the inclusion criteria (cohort and cross-sectional studies in humans aged ≥ 60years that measured physical fitness with validated tests and frailty according to the Fried Frailty Phenotype or the Rockwood Frailty Index). The quality assessment tool for observational cross-sectional studies was used to assess the quality of the studies. Twenty studies including 13,527 participantsmet the inclusion criteria. A significant relationship was found betweenfrailty and each physical fitness component. Usual walking speed was the physical fitness variable most strongly associated with frailty status, followed by aerobic capacity, maximum walking speed, lower body strength and grip strength. Potential mediators such as age, sex, body mass index or institutionalization status did not account for the heterogeneity between studies following a meta-regression. Taken together, these findings suggest a clear association between physical fitness components and frailty syndrome in elderly people, with usual walking speed being the most strongly associated fitness test. These results may help to design useful strategies, to attenuate or prevent frailty in elders. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020149604 (date of registration: 03/12/2019).

&lt;p&gt;Relationship Between Gallstone Disease and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Elderly People with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease&lt;/p&gt;

BackgroundThe prevalence of gallstone disease (GSD) increases with age, and the elderly have a much higher mortality risk and incidence of surgical comorbidities. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between GSD and cardiometabolic risk factors in elderly people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the data of elderly people who underwent annual health check-ups at a Northern Taiwan health examination center. These data were collected from physical examination, blood tests, abdominal ultrasonography, and medical histories. We excluded those with hepatitis B or C infections, heavy alcohol consumption, or cholecystectomy.ResultsThe analysis included 3,037 participants with a mean age of 73.6±6.0 years. Over 70% were overweight or obese, and the overall prevalence of GSD was 17.7%. In our univariate analysis, GSD was positively correlated with age, body mass index, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and various metabolic factors (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], triglyceride, uric acid, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] levels). After adjustment for age, gender, and body mass index, metabolic syndrome showed a positive association with GSD (odds ratio [OR] 1.31 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.64]; P=0.020). Specific components of metabolic syndrome that increased the risk for GSD in NAFLD elderly include lower levels of HDL-C (OR 1.35 [95% CI, 1.10–1.66]; P<0.001) and elevated FPG (OR 1.36 [95% CI, 1.10–1.69]; P<0.001).ConclusionOur study concluded that GSD is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in elderly people with NAFLD. Reduced HDL-C and elevated FPG both heighten the risk of developing GSD. Therefore, to lower the risk of GSD in NAFLD patients, their FPG levels and HDL-C levels must be regularly followed-up, and these patients should be educated about the symptoms of GSD if they meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome.

Frailty and Associated Risk Factors in Elderly People with Health Examination in Rural Areas of China

Frailty is a common syndrome in elderly people, but has not been fully studied in China. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of frailty and analyze its risk factors in elderly people in rural areas of China. This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and October 2016. Overall, 4323 elderly people over 60 yr were enrolled by cluster random sampling method from the Fengxian District of Shanghai, China. These subjects voluntarily participated in the health examination of the 2016 National Basic Public Health Service Program. In addition to regular examination items, frailty assessment was performed on the basis of Fried frailty phenotype criteria. The prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty was 49.4% and 6.8%, respectively. Advanced age (OR=1.44 for pre-frailty and OR=2.01 for frailty, 65-74 years old; OR=3.02 for pre-frailty and OR=14.13 for frailty,75-84 years old; OR=8.17 for pre-frailty and OR=71.71 for frailty, ≥85 years old), female (OR=1.32 for pre-frailty and OR=1.97 for frailty), stroke history (OR=1.75 for pre-frailty and OR=2.43 for frailty), vision decrease (OR=1.98 for pre-frailty and OR=2.70 for frailty), and anemia (OR=1.95 for pre-frailty and OR=3.64 for frailty) were common risk factors for both pre-frailty and frailty. Healthy elderly people in the rural areas of Shanghai have relatively high prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty. Advanced age, female, stroke history, decreased vision, and anemia are the risk factors for pre-frailty and frailty.

Síndrome da fragilidade e fatores associados em idosos no pronto atendimento

Resumo Objetivo Identificar os fatores associados para a sindrome da fragilidade na pessoa idosa atendida em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento. Metodos Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, com delineamento de corte transversal, com 146 idosos atendidos em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento do interior da Paraiba, nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2017. Foi utilizado um questionario e as escalas de Edmonton Frail Scale e a Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test para a caracterizacao da amostra. A analise dos resultados foi realizada por meio de estatistica descritiva (frequencia absoluta e relativa, media, mediana, desvio padrao e coeficiente de variacao) e inferencial (Qui-Quadrado de Pearson; Teste Exato de Fisher e Regressao Logistica Multipla). Resultados Os idosos identificados como frageis sao do sexo masculino (58,5%), acima de 70 anos (80,7%), sem relacionamento (47,4%), alfabetizados (61,0%), nao trabalham (54,9%), residem com filho e conjuge (63,2%), dividem responsabilidades (55,9%) e tem mais de seis filhos (59,6%). A area de atendimento que predominou entre os idosos frageis foi a vermelha (80,0%), enquanto que a area de carater da queixa mais prevalente foi a aguda (41,7%). A maioria deles apresentou risco para a violencia (58,4%). Conclusao A escolaridade, a nao execucao de atividade laboral, as areas de classificacao e risco para violencia sao fatores que apresentaram associacao com a sindrome da fragilidade, e influenciam no seu desfecho.

Evaluation of left-right difference of impulse in impact forces at stance phase: comparison of measurements on flat land and stairs.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the measurement method and parameters to simply evaluate the condition of the knee that are necessary for preventing locomotive syndrome as advocated by the Japan Orthopedic Association. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects installed acceleration sensors in lateral condyles of the tibia and measured acceleration and load under the conditions of walking on a flat ground and walking using stairs; the difference between the impulse of impact forces (acceleration × load) of the two knees was defined as a simple evaluation parameter. [Results] Simple evaluation parameters were not correlated with age during walking on a flat ground, but during walking using stairs, it was almost flat up to the age of 20–40 years, and after the age of 49 years, based on the quadratic curve approximation (R2=0.99), a correlation of simple evaluation parameters with age could be confirmed. [Conclusion] The simple evaluation parameter during walking using stairs was highly correlated with age, suggesting a contribution to preventing locomotive syndrome by improving reliability. In the future, we plan to improve reliability by increasing the data, and establish it as a simple evaluation parameter that can be used for preventing locomotive syndrome in elderly people and those with KL classification grades 0–1.

The Association between Serum Vitamin D Level and Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly People : Based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012

Background: Vitamin D is effective in prevention of osteoporosis. Lower than recommended intake of vitamin D leads to an increased risk of cancer, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune disease. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and metabolic syndrome in Korean elderly people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 1,515 participants aged ≥65 years from Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2012. We excluded patients with chronic renal and hepatic failure along with those who were bed-ridden for more than 15 days. In total, 1,264 individuals were enrolled. Results: We observed that higher levels of vitamin D were associated with lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.154–0.709; P=0.004). The adjusted OR for triglyceride concentration in individuals with optimum vitamin D intake was 0.41 (95% CI, 0.18–0.92; P=0.029). Conclusion: These findings indicate that levels of vitamin D are significantly associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and triglyceride concentration in the Korean elderly people.

Health determinants of nutritional status in community-dwelling older population: the VERISAÚDE study.

Malnutrition is a common and relevant syndrome in elderly people due to its influence on quality of life. The main aim of the present study was to identify health determinants of malnutrition or risk of malnutrition. Cross-sectional study collecting information on sociodemographic and health factors (co-morbidity, cognitive or affective problems, prescription medication use, frailty status, self-rated health) as determinants of nutritional status, assessed by the short form of the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Forty-three senior centres from Galicia (north-western Spain) participated to recruit participants. A representative community-dwelling sample of 749 elderly people aged ≥65 years. Of the total participants, 14·3 % were malnourished/at risk of malnutrition. Presence of overweight or obesity, depressive symptoms, polypharmacy (use of five or more prescription medications), presence of pre-frailty or frailty status and poor self-rated health showed the strongest relationship to malnutrition/risk of malnutrition. This model predicted 86·0 % of the cases correctly. The best determinants for women were polypharmacy and poor self-rated health, reaching 82·8 % of cases of malnourishment/risk of malnutrition predicted correctly. In men, the main determinants were overweight or obesity, depressive symptomatology and polypharmacy, with 89·8 % of cases of malnourishmen/risk of malnutrition predicted correctly. Screening for nutritional status and its determinant factors should be included as part of comprehensive assessments to ensure an early screening of malnutrition and to propose possible intervention strategies that would be important for both elderly people and the health-care system.

Shelf Syndrome in Elderly People

It is considered that shelf syndrome mainly occurs in younger people and often in athletes. Shelf syndrome has rarely been reported in elderly people. Although shelf syndrome is rare in elderly people, it should be suspected whenever severe pain and a locked knee are present.

Concept of family insufficiency in the aged: critical literature analysis.

to identify the attributes of the "family insufficiency" concept of the aged in the literature. critical literature analysis. family insufficiency is characterized as a complex process of psychosocial interaction, founded mainly on low social support of the aged and impaired family ties. Its antecedents are found in contemporary transformations within the family system, intergenerational conflicts, impaired family relationships and social vulnerability of the family. The consequences of family insufficiency include social vulnerability of the aged, decline of psychological and functional health, lower quality of life and unsuccessful aging. An original theoretical proposal was elaborated for the concept of family insufficiency in the elderly, with the identification of its attributes, antecedents and consequences. the findings of this study constitute a theoretical advancement in the Family Insufficiency Syndrome in elderly people and provide data for future field research in developing the concept.

The Cutoff Value in Body Fat Percentage for Increased Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly People With Normal Body Weight

Background: In this study, we identified the cutoff value for the percentage in body fat related to metabolic syndrome in elderly people with normal body mass index (BMI). We also found the correlation between body fat percentage and metabolic syndrome. Methods: We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2008 to 2011. Our subjects were elderly people aged 65 or above, with BMI less than 23.0 kg/m 2 . We determined the cutoff value for body fat percentage through receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: The cutoff value for percentage body fat related to metabolic syndrome was 19.5% for men (sensitivity 68.0%, specificity 62.9%) and 30.0% for women (sensitivity 55.1%, specificity 62.0%). Based on the cutoff value, 43.3% in men and 43.1% in women were classified into the high body fat percentage group. After adjusting for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and exercise status, the men with higher than normal body fat percentage had an odds ratio of 3.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.10-6.22; p<0.001) for developing metabolic syndrome, whereas women had an odds ratio of 1.95 (95% CI, 1.30-2.92; p<0.001). Conclusion: The cutoff value for body fat percentage related to metabolic syndrome was lower in elderly. In the elderly with normal body mass index, high percentage of body fat percentage was associated with a high risk of metabolic syndrome.

Relationship between metformin and frailty syndrome in elderly people with type 2 diabetes

Relationship between metformin and frailty syndrome in elderly people with type 2 diabetes