Symbolic Thinking Research Articles

Инжаннашийн “Нэгэн давхар асар”, “Улаанаа ухилах танхим” хоймсон роман дахь монголын уран зохиолын уламжлалыг тодруулах нь

“One-Storey Pavilion” and “The Chamber of Red Tears” novels by Injannash were enriched the narrative and lyrical traditions of Mongolian literature supported on traditional methods of Chinese literature. It was revealed artistic features of Mongolian literature using Mongolian folklore such as riddles, proverbs, sky worship, chronology and symbols of the number nine. Finally, “One-Storey Pavilion” and “The Chamber of Red Tears” by the great writer Injannash were enriched Mongolian epic traditions which inhering Mongolian and Chinese folklore and written literary traditions. This article intends to analyze and to summarize on examples of expression of traditional customs and symbolic thinking of Mongolian literature. The article consists of such parts: riddles, proverbs, symbols of the number nine, and traditional customs including comparative examples of Mongolian and Chinese.

Pentru o poetica a imaginarului: xilogeneza în basmul fantastic românesc

Configuring a certain form of life and a (different) image of the body-taken, the reason for the birth of a fairytale hero from a wood (xylogenesis), anchors the subject under discussion in an area of the mythical. The interpretive auspices given to wood/tree by archaic cultures, have positioned it almost invariably in the orderly symbolism of the centre (to the World). From the well -known cosmic tree of Old Testament mythology (the „tree of life”) to the famous Yggdrasil of Scandinavian mythology, not to mention the tree of enlightenment Bodhi Gaya, the symbolism of the centre-tree of the World (cosmic tree) is broadly the same. In the imaginary-memory cultural relationship aiming at researching the symbol- ism given to the tree/wood over time, the Romanian cultural space was no exception. We have archaeological references that convey the symbol of the sacred tree (fir tree) present on Dacian pottery; we have studies dedicated to the evolution of the symbolism of the cosmic tree on the traditional costume or to the „taking care” of a funerary tree, to the presence of the tree of life in the portals of some Saxon churches, to the motif of the tree of life in Romanian folk architecture etc. The documentation for this study revealed me, by consulting the anthologies of Romanian fairy tales, some interesting aspects taken for this reason at the level of the fantastic epic. None working mechanically, all reflecting the process of the archaic system of symbolic thinking: without immutable patterns, without refractory visions, but always with a symbolic nucleus in the deep layer of the epic. Considering the structural particularities, the coherence and the specificity of the motif approached in the present study, it must be said that at the level of the Romanian fantastic fairy tale we detected, besides the delimits and at the same time „revolves” around xylogenesis, with ontogenetically- different nuances: wearing wooden clothes or living in a tree to avoid incest, with the opening of the tree only through a magical invocation; heroes and/or animals with „name of a tree” but without having to deal with a proper xylogenesis; the passing away of fairytale characters as a result of some existential-human tragedies, in symbolic forms (metamorphosis in trees); varies. Keywords: imaginary, phenomenology, hermeneutics, Romanian fairytale, xylogenesis.

Origami as A Media for Introduction to Early Mathematics

Early mathematics learning needs to be done in a fun way and adjusted to early childhood development. One of the methods to learn mathematics in early childhood is by using games with attractive visuals or media. In this paper, literature study was done to describe the use of origami for early mathematics learning in early childhood. Origami is generally used for the development of fine motor skills in early childhood learning and the teaching is done using the demonstration method. By modifying origami paper using the Huzita-Justin construction, the learning process can be carried out more easily and simply, without the demonstration method. The aspects that can be achieved by using origami media are logical thinking, symbolic thinking, and visual-spatial thinking. However, it is still not widely used, since origami construction paper is not easy to make.

The Utilization Of Coastal Media To Develop Symbolic Thinking Ability For 4-5 Years Old Children In Wali Urban Village, Binongko District, Wakatobi Regency

This study aims to determine the symbolic thinking ability of chidren aged 4-5 years which includes the ability to count the number of objects from 1 to 10, recognize the concept of numbers, recognize number symbols, and recognize letter symbols. The problem in this study was that when learning observations took place, parents asked children to count the number objects from 1 to 10, recognized the concept of numbers, recognized number symbols, and recognize letter symbols and the child could already count and recognized number symbols. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach. The type of research used was the type of experimental research conducted with four meetings using coastal media. The subjects in this study were 11 children in Wali Urban Village, aged 4-5 years. Data collection was carried out by observation. The data analysis technique used in this study was the qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study showed that the symbolic thinking abilty of children aged 4-5 years using coastal media developed as expected.

모래놀이치료의 상징적 인식방법에 대한 고찰: 선사시대 Bushman족의 암벽화와 모래놀이 개별사례의 개구리 상징을 통하여

The purpose of this study is to explore the symbolic recognition of works in sandplay therapy. For this purpose, through literature study, methods for recognizing symbols such as images, symbols, symbolic thinking, and ‘how to appreciate Kawai-Okada’s sand play’ were considered. In addition, the symbolic recognition method was applied to explore the symbolism of frogs that appeared in the prehistoric South African Bushman frog rock paintings and sandplay individual treatment cases. In sandplay therapy, the symbolic recognition method can contribute to the therapeutic action of inducing safe experiences of ‘living symbols’ in a therapeutic relationship without damaging the symbolism.

Improving Children's Cognitive Intelligence Through Literacy Management

Cognitive intelligence has a vital role in children's growth and development to solve remembering, logical thinking, and symbolic thinking activities. This study aim to explore how the implementation of in improving early childhood cognitive intelligence in RA Tania, Paiton, Probolinggo?. This research uses a qualitative case study approach. Researchers conducted observations and interviews with principals, teachers, students, and guardians of students. The data analysis technique is carried out in stages, including data presentation, data reduction, and concluding. The results showed that literacy management in improving early childhood cognitive intelligence was carried out through; identification of needs, implementation of literacy management, evaluation, and a tiered plan. This study implies that literacy management can increase interest in reading and writing and an understanding of simple problem-solving in early childhood

Improving Children's Cognitive Intelligence Through Literacy Management

Cognitive intelligence has a vital role in children's growth and development to solve remembering, logical thinking, and symbolic thinking activities. This study aim to explore how the implementation of in improving early childhood cognitive intelligence in RA Tania, Paiton, Probolinggo?. This research uses a qualitative case study approach. Researchers conducted observations and interviews with principals, teachers, students, and guardians of students. The data analysis technique is carried out in stages, including data presentation, data reduction, and concluding. The results showed that literacy management in improving early childhood cognitive intelligence was carried out through; identification of needs, implementation of literacy management, evaluation, and a tiered plan. This study implies that literacy management can increase interest in reading and writing and an understanding of simple problem-solving in early childhood

Cognitive Development (Symbolic Thinking) of Early Childhood Through the Innovation of Bowling Media

The use of bowling media in RA Muslimat NU 1 Tulus Rejo Kec. Pekalongan has not been used. Researchers are interested in developing bowling media with the aim of developing cognitive, because early childhood in RA Muslimat NU 1 Tulus Rejo Kec. Pekalongan in terms of cognitive ability is still undeveloped. The purpose of this study is to find out the development of Media Bowling Against Cognitive Development (Symbolic Thinking) Early Childhood. This research methodology uses (research and development). The development procedure according to Borg and Gall's theory consists of seven stages. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that, the use of bowling media in children aged 5-6 years in RA Muslimat NU 1 Tulus Rejo Kec. Pekalongan can improve children's cognitive abilities.

Smart Toys in Early Childhood and Primary Education: A Systematic Review of Technological and Educational Affordances

The present paper presents a systematic review of the last 30 years that concerns records on Smart Toys and focuses on toys regarding early childhood and primary education children (3–12 years old). This paper aims to analyse and categorise smart toys (50 articles) in terms of their technological and educational affordances. The results show that the toys are designed based on four main technological affordances and their combinations. The educational affordances of smart toys are studied in terms of different use modes and their learning objectives aimed to identify specific objectives in different subjects and objectives based on transversal competencies such as problem solving, spatial thinking, computational thinking, collaboration and symbolic thinking. Finally, with the multiple correspondence analysis, the correlations between smart toys’ individual technological and educational affordances are grouped with the evolution of affordances related to their development date. In conclusion, in recent years, smart toys concern special sciences (programming) and some 21st-century skills (STEM and computational thinking). In contrast, in the first 20 years, the interest focused more on transverse skills, such as collaboration, emotional thinking, symbolic thinking, story-telling and problem solving.

The Effectiveness of the Android-Based Calistung Digital Game Application to Improve Early Childhood Cognitive Skills

This article aims to determine Android-based digital calistung game application's effectiveness to improve early childhood cognitive skills. The experimental method was carried out on 26 kindergarten students aged 5-6 years. The research design used was pre-experimental. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. Cognitive skill data collection used observation guidelines consisting of cognitive dimensions (1) symbolic thinking recognizing concepts, (2) learning problem solving and cause and effect, (3) association and classification. The assessment of cognitive skills used a scale of 1 - 4. The study results concluded an increase in the average value of cognitive skills of kindergarten students aged 5-6 years through the Calistung game. This research implies that teachers' competence in using digital calistung media needs to be improved through in-service training kindergarten students' cognitive skills.

Kazakh ornament: from traditions to the new combinations of shapes in contemporary art

In the training of specialists in the art education field, it is essential to know the continuity in the evolution of national art. In Kazakh folk art, the semantic content and structuring of ornamental forms and compositions are the result of a long historical development and spiritual experience of the nomadic people. In the decorative and applied art of the people, the mental processes of society are represented. The artist-nomad is a spokesman of the Kazakh nomadic mentality, which is characterized by the originality of spiritual experience and traditions and is formed as a result of the long development of historical eras and periods under the influence of geographical, social, cultural conditions of life. In the Kazakh arts and crafts, a system of expressive means and images has been formed, which reveal the specifics of the nomadic way of life. The ornaments are a historical source that sheds the light on the peculiarities of the beliefs, the way of life of the nomads. The artistic vision of the Kazakh people is manifested both in the forms and in the decorative decoration of the dwelling household items, military equipment, jewelry. In the products of decorative and applied creativity, the artistic picture of the world of their creators is reflected ideas about heavenly bodies, natural phenomena, animal and plant life. Ornament plays a role of a kind of tool for symbolic and sign thinking. A stable system of specific signs and combinations of units is recorded in the Kazakh ornamental language. Craftsmen and contemporary artists, using the language of ornaments as an important visual communication tool, have filled their artworks with non-verbal messages and mental information.

Mathematical Knowledge and the Origin of Phenomenology

The paper is divided into two parts. In the first one, I set forth a hypothesis to explain the failure of Husserl’s project presented in the Philosophie der Arithmetik based on the principle that the entire mathematical science is grounded in the concept of cardinal number. It is argued that Husserl’s analysis of the nature of the symbols used in the decadal system forces the rejection of this principle. In the second part, I take into account Husserl’s explanation of why, albeit independent of natural numbers, the system is nonetheless correct. It is shown that its justification involves, on the one hand, a new conception of symbols and symbolic thinking, and on the other, the recognition of the question of “the formal” and formalization as pivotal to understand “the mathematical” overall.

Developing Creativity in Young Children by Implementation of Open Ended Activities in the USA and in China

This qualitative case study aims to analyze whether there are differences in creativity in preschool children growing up in China and in the U.S. by exploring how children used symbols in the creation of artwork. The context of this research includes early childhood education in China and America, theories of childhood development and creativity, and the development of symbolic thinking in young children. The instruments for collecting data included classroom observations, open-ended interviews and the children’s artwork. The research findings offer important information about cross-cultural investigations into creativity. First, the study found that children's artwork demonstrates varied and unique expression patterns and can be interpreted in connection with children's thoughts. Second, the study indicated that environment has a significant influence on how children produce art. As a result of the findings, the research suggests that in order to better promote creativity and imagination in children, teachers and parents should give them more opportunities to observe the outside world. Moreover, through a comparison of American and Chinese teaching strategies in connection with art, it can be concluded that educators should balance children’s natural talents and instincts with professional guidance and instruction.

Supporting Cognitive Development through Multimedia Learning and Scientific Approach: An Experimental Study in Preschool

Cognitive development is defined as a change in behavior that results in individuals obtaining, organizing, and implementing knowledge in reasoning and solving problems. This research aims to analyze the effect of multimedia learning and scientific approach on cognitive development. This research uses experimental quantitative research that divides research participants into an experimental group and a control group. The results show that there are differences in the mean scores of logical thinking, symbolic thinking, problem-solving in the pre-test and post-test where the post-test scores are higher, so it can be concluded that the two treatments in the control and experimental groups can improve children's cognitive development. Furthermore, the gain score value shows that the experimental group has a higher score meaning so that the experimental group is better than the control group. This is by the t-test which shows that the provision of multimedia learning with the scientific approach given to the experimental class is better than the control class which only uses the scientific approach.

Ukrainian irmologions in the context of the development of analytical comprehension of music

Setting problems. The Ukrainian Irmologions represent to our contemporaries the musical and analytical knowledge common in the medieval Ukraine. In line with study of the Ukrainian musical-theoretical heritage, it is important to understand what problems our distant predecessors were solving and how they solved them. Relevance of the study. Studying written sources of the formation of Ukrainian science on music, today turn mainly to the first handwritten treatises, "Grammar of Music" by M. Diletsky. However, the traditions of analytical comprehension of music developed in Ukraine a little earlier and were reflected in writing in Irmologions. It is time to analyze this stage in the evolution of Ukrainian scientific and musical thought. Analysis of recent researches and publications. P. Matsenko noted the analytical abilities of the printers of that time, which were similar to the experience of the Irmologionists' scribes. M. Antonovych noticed different principles of styling in handwritten and printed Irmoologions, etc. O. Tsalay-Yakymenko approached the topic of the beginnings of the Ukrainian musical and theore-tical thought mainly in the direction of musical pedagogy. The Catalogue of the notolinium Irmologions by Yu. Yasinovsky made it possible to a separate special study of musical and analytical knowledgeof their authors-copyists. The purpose of this article. The purpose of the proposed study is the most complete and comprehensive characteristic of the medieval stage of development of the Ukrainian musical and theoretical thought with its worldview, spiritual, aesthetic and musical-stylistic traditions, views and norms. Summary of the research. The Ukrainian Irmoloy is a multi-genre song collection, skillfully composed of various (local and borrowed) songs. At the same time, these books contain all kinds of additional information that is carried in the margins of the text by glosses and interpolations. They show not only the acquired singing experience, but also the established system of the corresponding analytical knowledge. Thus, the songs were selected according to local traditions, local preferences, customs of local schools, aesthetic tastes of their scribes. The scribes were well versed in the origin of the songs that lived in their environment. Some of them pointed out the linguistic translation of the song, which, together with its musical translation from nonlinear notation to new linear notes, contributed to the spread of foreign musical material in the repertoire of local singers. The knowledge of genres is evidenced by "scars", "registers" – lists of material contained in Irmologion. The scribes were quite literate people: they combined the activities of professional musicians and skilled copyistseditors-creators of music Irmologions. Appendices to the main text – "Alphabets" – were brief summaries of initial information on the elementary theory of music. Results and their significance. The versatile activity of secular scribes-singers took place meaningfully, on the basis of certain knowledge and practical experience. Particularly noticeable is the knowledge of theological practice, genre diversity, developed musical thinking and hearing, which contributed to the rapid spread of the norms of the European tonal-harmonic system, and also figurative imagination and natural symbolic thinking, which ensured the unmistakable translation of the old Kyiv backdrop writing into a standardized noto-linear notation. Performing skills "gave the right" to edit the musical text according to their tastes and training in the environment of a particular creative school. The study of the note-linear irmoloys as indicators of early fixation of analytical comprehension of the ancient Ukrainian liturgical creativity proves that it was born long before the appearance of its first written evidence.

A szőttes aranyszálai: A szimbólumok használatáról a coachingban

Symbols are gold threads in the tapestry of human existence. They appear on cave paintings and smartphone screens, in sacred rituals as well as earthly aspects of everyday life. The writer points out how all coaching schools utilize the power of symbolic thinking, albeit to varying degree. Symbols provide support during the course of the entire coaching process from rapport building through the recognition of the key areas for development, to the elaboration of concrete action steps. Four main areas: the use of images, arts, tales and dreams are analyzed in more details. Symbolic thinking helps us to connect with our true self, with each other as well as the world around us. The writer points out how, why and in what framework do symbols serve as one of the most powerful resources of coaching and personal development.

Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Paint Di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Ar-Ridho Medan Amplas

The purpose of this community service activity is to provide skills for the use of computer-based learning media, especially the use of the Paint application in Kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Ar-Ridho Medan Amplas.Learning media are all things that teachers use to make it easier to deliver learning materials. The learning media studied are paint-based computer learning media applications that are used to stimulate children's cognitive abilities, especially in the aspects of learning and problem solving, logical thinking, and symbolic thinking. Keywords: Utilization, Paint Application,

TYPES OF THINKING AS AN ACTION AT KNOWLEDGE FORMATION

The article actualizes the problem of individual differences in the ways of information perception and processing in order to find ways to improve the quality of students’ learning. Particular attention is focused on types of thinking (subject, figurative, signs and symbolic types), their individual relationships and creativity at first-year students. The article discloses the problem associated with comprehension by first-year students of educational material in psychology; this problem includes a lot of theories, discovered scientific facts, answers on the questions about what information processing methods are leading, how learning results depend on individual-typological peculiarities if the learning conditions are the same for all students. There are interesting facts among the obtained results about expressiveness of thinking types, as well as unexpected facts, which, perhaps, appeared because the examined students were fresh in university and met new conditions, content, methods, forms of educational organization. Since the majority of the respondents had more expressive sign thinking, based on objective and imaginative thinking, their thinking needed to be connected with the subject matter in the process of thinking and scientific text mastering. Unfortunately, the practice of students’ learning in psychology shows that mechanisms of the psychics, tendencies, patterns of it changes are not easy related with clear subjects. It is recommended to optimize symbolic thinking development with such means forming the method of general analysis as sign-symbolic modelling, which has much in common with the scientific modelling method. This is students’ activity that promotes text perception but also stipulates actions. Students analyze texts in order to find the central scientific concepts, essential scientific provisions, principles, logical connections between them. The sign-symbolic model materializes their reasoning, facilitates differentiation of essential content from the irrelevant one, self-control, the discovery of new knowledge. These data will allow lecturers to become more confident in the selection of educational texts for lectures, accompanying practical classes, and, in the long run, these texts can be transformed into manuals or textbooks. The article will be useful for lecturers, psychologists and pedagogues. &nbsp

Computer-based “Color-Mixing Maze Game” to stimulate symbolic thought for the development of learning science in early childhood

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the effectiveness of the computer-based “color mixing maze games” to stimulate symbolic thinking for the development of learning science in early childhood in the new era of industry 4.0. 23 samples in one kindergarten in Surabaya were used for this study consisted of 13 children (TK A1) for the experimental group and 10 children (TK A2) for the control group. This research was a type of quantitative experimental research using the Quasi-experiment method and the Non-equivalent Control Group Design. The Independent Sample T-Test was used for the data analysis technique and N-Gain with SPSS 21 was used for the effectiveness test. The results of the effectiveness test depicted a result of the Sig≤0.05 value and thus Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means that there were significant differences in effectiveness computer-based “color mixing maze games” compared with paper-based games to stimulate symbolic thinking in the development of learning science in early childhood. Computer-based games are stated to be able to provide the right understanding in the learning process including science learning in recognizing mixing colors.

Encontros interculturais entre um indígena Kaingang e não indígenas: enlaces em um pensar perspectivista e sincrônico

O diálogo entre pesquisadores indígenas e não indígenas, em espaços acadêmicos, pode acolher novas formas de pensar a educação e a pesquisa. Mudanças metodológicas apresentam-se na forma de fazer ciência, considerando os movimentos sincrônicos que aproximam os pesquisadores e que potencializam as pesquisas e publicações oriundas dessas mudanças. A escrita deste texto, que tem a participação de um indígena Kaingang, mestrando em Educação, de uma pesquisadora de doutorado em Educação e da orientadora, é um exercício que metamorfoseia pensamentos e ações, em uma aproximação com o estar ameríndio. A conjunção de reflexões apresentadas tem ampliado os sentidos de aprendizagem, procurando desenvolver no campo educativo a convivência e a integração do que aparentemente não se junta: o mundo indígena e o não indígena no âmbito do pensar simbólico.