Purpose The decommissioning of flexible pipelines in the offshore oil and gas industry presents both environmental challenges and opportunities for resource recovery. This study proposes a Sustainable Pipeline Upcycling Framework that integrates circular economy principles and additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to transform decommissioned flexible pipes into valuable industrial components. Design/methodology/approach The research follows a multi-phase methodological approach, including Focus Group Interviews, Fuzzy Delphi, and Fuzzy DEMATEL, to systematically identify, prioritize, and map causal relationships among barriers and drivers influencing framework adoption. Findings Key barriers identified include limitations in AM scalability, challenges in material qualification, and high initial investment requirements. On the other hand, enabling drivers such as advancements in 3D printing, sustainability policies, and cost reductions through on-demand production were found to exert strong causal influence over these barriers. Originality/value The findings offer strategic insights for managers and policymakers seeking to implement sustainable decommissioning practices while enhancing operational efficiency and environmental performance in both emerging and developed economies.

Agri-environmental subsidies had been implemented to promote sustainable agriculture in regions such as the EU and the U.S. prior to the year 2000. Contract-Based Agri-Environmental Schemes (AESs) are designed to promote green, sustainable agriculture by employing environmentally friendly farming practices (EFFPs) to reduce pollution and meet other environmental goals. A central challenge, however, is the limited inclusion of small farmers, who are key to agricultural sustainability and form the backbone of production, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to investigate the preferences and participation of small farmers in AESs to enable effective policy design. Using discrete choice experiments (DCEs) and a latent class model (LCM) on survey data collected in 2017 from three key rice-producing counties in China—Fangzheng (Heilongjiang), Qingtongxia (Ningxia), and Yixing (Jiangsu)—allowed us to identify two distinct preference classes: “experienced adopters” and “potential adopters”. The results confirmed (1) a high participation rate of small farmers in AESs. Compensation can further motivate them to sign a contract. (2) There is significant heterogeneity among small farmers’ preferences on various EFFPs, so flexible and modulated schemes are needed; (3) those with experience in EFFPs are more likely to participate in AESs; and (4) the modular AES contract with progressive subsidy ties makes payments directly based on EFFP adoption, addressing the shortcomings of China’s current area-based subsidy system. The results of this paper can help policymakers fine-tune farming policies that effectively engage smallholders, thereby alleviating tensions over production–pollution cycles and fostering a more targeted and sustainable agricultural policy system.

This study analyzes the production dynamics of two critical legume species in Turkey's agricultural production pattern-dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and vetch (Vicia spp.)-for the 2020-2024 period, using high-resolution panel data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). The research examines indicators such as Sown Area, Harvested Area, Yield (kg/da), and Production Quantity (ton), with vetch further disaggregated by green fodder and seed production purposes and by Common, Hungarian, and Other species. Findings reveal a general contraction trend in the sown area for all products and species during the five-year period. The decrease of over 60% in the sown area for Other Vetch species is particularly noteworthy. In contrast, the increase in dry bean yield to 304 kg/da in 2024 and the rise in Hungarian vetch seed yield from 128 kg/da in 2020 to 204 kg/da in 2024 may suggest positive impacts from improvements in production technologies and adaptation strategies. The negligible difference (<0.5%) between Sown Area and Harvested Area suggests no significant area loss occurred during the production processes. This study documents the structural transformation of strategic legume production under climatic and economic pressures and emphasizes the importance of area-based productivity increase for developing sustainable production policies, providing evidence crucial for evidence-based agricultural policy formulation.

This symposium examines how international sport organisations design and implement policies in response to sustainability, technological innovation, and safeguarding challenges. Bringing together three complementary contributions based on diverse methodological approaches, it aims to systematically compare these responses to highlight both striking similarities and notable divergences in strategic orientations. The first presentation investigates the sustainability policies developed by two international federations, identifying underlying normative assumption presumed in their conceptual definition of sustainability. The second presentation analyses documents produced by 46 international federations regarding technological advancements, demonstrating how sport governing bodies construct autonomous regulatory frameworks that balance innovation, fairness, and market pressures within the lex sportiva. The final presentation focuses on the safeguarding approaches adopted by 40 international federations and highlights the challenges of institutionalising safeguarding within global sport governance. By simultaneously considering sustainability, technological innovation and safeguarding, this symposium offers a global perspective on the evolving governance role of sport organisations. It underscores how shared global challenges may drive the emergence of comparable policy frameworks. Ultimately, this symposium also sheds light on distinct approaches across the international sport landscape.

Assessing Jamaica’s transportation sector: sustainable mobility policy, import-value concentration, and electric vehicle uptake

Wild edible plants are critical for local nutrition, cultural heritage, and livelihoods, yet their diversity and traditional uses are underexplored in Pakistan. Swat Valley, a biologically and culturally rich region, relies on wild plants for food security, particularly among economically vulnerable households. Field surveys were conducted from 2018 to 2022 across 20 villages in six tehsils of Swat District. A total of 160 informants (100 males, 60 females; aged 20-90 years) were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and personal observations. The quantitative ethnobotanical indices, including (UV), (RFC), and (UR), were calculated to assess cultural importance and usage patterns. A total of 175 wild edible plant species from 72 families were documented. Herbs dominated (62.3%), followed by shrubs (20.6%), trees (16%), and climbers (1.1%). Young shoots (41.7%), fruits (30.6%), and leaves (13.9%) were most commonly used. Plants were used as vegetables (37%), fruits (39%), raw foods (14%), teas/flavoring agents (5%), sauces/chutneys (2%), and oils (2%).Berberis lycium showed the highest cultural importance (UV = 0.813, RFC = 0.75), followed by Chenopodium album (UV = 0.68, RFC = 0.63) and Berberis vulgaris (UV = 0.65, RFC = 0.63). Novel use analysis of 115 species revealed High Level (22%), Moderate Level (23%), and Low Level (55%) novelty. Twenty-seven species were marketed locally, generating income ranging from (0.09 to 1.74 $) per Kg. Conservation assessment highlighted Endangered species (Abies pindrow, Mentha royleana, Zanthoxylum armatum) and Vulnerable species (Thymus linearis, Mentha longifolia, Morus alba). Wild edible plants in Swat Valley provide essential nutrition, support local livelihoods, and sustain cultural traditions. Quantitative indices demonstrate the most culturally significant species and highlight gaps for conservation. Sustainable management, cultivation, and policy interventions are recommended to preserve these vital resources, ensuring biodiversity conservation and continued food security in mountainous regions.

The emigration of skilled healthcare workers (HCWs) seeking better opportunities poses major challenges to healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries. Amidst ongoing economic and political crises, Lebanon is facing substantial healthcare workforce migration. This study explored the migration intentions of Lebanese HCWs, identifies key drivers, and proposes context-specific retention strategies. A mixed-methods design was employed at Rafik Hariri University Hospital (RHUH) in Beirut, Lebanon. A structured survey assessed migration intentions and associated drivers among frontline healthcare workers, while semi-structured interviews with department chiefs explored organizational and systemic factors influencing workforce retention. Quantitative data were analyzed to identify predictors of migration intentions, and qualitative data were thematically analyzed using a combined deductive-inductive approach. Among 120 HCWs surveyed, 70% expressing intentions to migrate-primarily due to financial concerns (93%) and security issues (81%). Lower satisfaction with pay (adjusted OR= 0.85, 95% CI = 0.72-0.996) was significantly associated with migration intentions. Qualitative findings confirmed widespread staff migration since 2019, leading to critical shortages, heavier workloads, and department closures. Department chiefs emphasized the need for financial incentives, professional development opportunities, supportive management, and flexible scheduling to improve retention. HCW migration from Lebanon reflects a complex interplay of financial, professional, and systemic factors. Immediate and sustainable policy interventions-combining financial stabilization with workforce development and improved working conditions-are urgently required to preserve healthcare system functionality and resilience.

BackgroundThe emigration of skilled healthcare workers (HCWs) seeking better opportunities poses major challenges to healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries. Amidst ongoing economic and political crises, Lebanon is facing substantial healthcare workforce migration. This study explored the migration intentions of Lebanese HCWs, identifies key drivers, and proposes context-specific retention strategies.MethodsA mixed-methods design was employed at Rafik Hariri University Hospital (RHUH) in Beirut, Lebanon. A structured survey assessed migration intentions and associated drivers among frontline healthcare workers, while semi-structured interviews with department chiefs explored organizational and systemic factors influencing workforce retention. Quantitative data were analyzed to identify predictors of migration intentions, and qualitative data were thematically analyzed using a combined deductive–inductive approach.ResultsAmong 120 HCWs surveyed, 70% expressing intentions to migrate—primarily due to financial concerns (93%) and security issues (81%). Lower satisfaction with pay (adjusted OR= 0.85, 95% CI = 0.72–0.996) was significantly associated with migration intentions. Qualitative findings confirmed widespread staff migration since 2019, leading to critical shortages, heavier workloads, and department closures. Department chiefs emphasized the need for financial incentives, professional development opportunities, supportive management, and flexible scheduling to improve retention.ConclusionsHCW migration from Lebanon reflects a complex interplay of financial, professional, and systemic factors. Immediate and sustainable policy interventions—combining financial stabilization with workforce development and improved working conditions—are urgently required to preserve healthcare system functionality and resilience.

ABSTRACT This scoping review aimed to identify, validate, and synthesize current evidence (2020–2025) on the antioxidant potential of unconventional edible plants (PANCs, from the Portuguese “Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais”, also referred to as UEPs), following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. The review specifically evaluated the methodological quality and data validation criteria of the included studies, ensuring the reliability of the information synthesized. A total of 30 studies were included after systematic searches across six databases and gray literature sources. The period 2020–2025 was selected to capture the most recent wave of scientific publications following the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030), reflecting growing international interest in biodiversity‐based diets. Data extraction considered species, edible parts, preparation formats, analytical methods, and antioxidant outcomes. Results reveal a predominance of leafy vegetables such as Portulaca oleracea , Pereskia aculeata , and Amaranthus cruentus , which consistently exhibited high phenolic content and strong radical scavenging activity. Fruits ( Solanum betaceum ) and roots ( Talinum paniculatum ) expanded the diversity of bioactive profiles. At the same time, culinary practices, including cooking and fermentation, emerged as determinants of antioxidant performance, highlighting the importance of assessing these plants under realistic dietary conditions. DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay) and total phenolic content (TPC) were the most frequently employed assays, although methodological heterogeneity limited comparability across studies. The evidence confirms that PANCs hold significant promise as natural antioxidants and contributors to the production of clean‐label foods and sustainable diets. However, the field remains limited by the lack of standardization, the scarcity of in vivo or clinical validations, and the absence of global economic and environmental assessments. Expanding research to other biodiversity‐rich regions, integrating translational models (such as simulated digestion, cell assays, and clinical trials), and aligning findings with food industry innovation and sustainability policies are critical next steps. This review highlights that validated, whole‐food consumption of PANCs can simultaneously strengthen local biodiversity, promote circular economy models, and contribute to global food security and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 and 12. Strengthening international collaborations and multidisciplinary approaches will be essential to unlock their global potential as functional food ingredients.

This article examines the contribution of the Francophonie to the implementation of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda in the Eastern Partnership countries. Using the cases of Moldova, Ukraine, Georgia and Armenia, it shows that, despite notable progress, the region remains hampered by patriarchal norms, limited funding and fragile institutions. However, the OIF appears to be a useful lever for disseminating international norms, strengthening the capacities of administrations and supporting the emergence of female leadership. The study concludes that the Francophonie can play a catalytic role in promoting more inclusive and sustainable security policies in Eastern Europe.

Boosts vs nudges: perceived effectiveness and criticism shape preferences for sustainable behavioural policies

Entrepreneurial success has traditionally been evaluated using economic indicators such as profitability, firm growth, and survival rates. However, in African contexts where inclusive entrepreneurship plays a critical role in promoting equity and sustainable development, such conventional measures often overlook essential dimensions of inclusion, empowerment, and social transformation. This study develops a multidimensional framework for measuring entrepreneurial success in inclusive contexts across selected African countries. It integrates financial, human, social, and institutional dimensions to capture the real impact of entrepreneurship on marginalized and underrepresented groups, including women, youth, and persons with disabilities. Using a mixed-method design, the study draws on cross-country data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), African Development Bank (AfDB) SME databases, and national enterprise surveys conducted between 2020 and 2024. Four econometric models are estimated to test the relationships between financial inclusion, human capital development, institutional support, and social empowerment as determinants of entrepreneurial success. The models include: (1) a financial inclusion model assessing access to credit and financial services; (2) a human capital model examining training, education, and experience; (3) an institutional support model focusing on public policy, incubator networks, and digital infrastructure; and (4) an integrated multidimensional model combining all key drivers. The results demonstrate that inclusive entrepreneurial success is significantly influenced by access to financial services, supportive institutional environments, and the availability of digital tools that enhance market participation. Moreover, the study introduces an Inclusive Entrepreneurial Success Index (IESI)-a composite measure designed to evaluate the performance of entrepreneurs within inclusive ecosystems. The IESI allows for comparative analysis across regions and policy programs, providing an adaptable tool for researchers, policymakers, and development practitioners. The findings emphasize the need to move beyond profit-based evaluation models toward broader indicators that reflect empowerment, equality of opportunity, and social impact. This new framework contributes to inclusive entrepreneurship theory and offers strategic insights for designing equitable and sustainable entrepreneurship policies aligned with the African Union’s Agenda 2063 and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

A multi-temporal Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 analysis within Google Earth Engine (GEE) was conducted to analyze land use and land cover dynamics in Baghdad, Iraq. The NDVI-NDBI indices revealed that vegetation increased gradually, especially along the Tigris River and in rural areas, while urban expansion peaked around 2021 and slightly declined by 2024. There has been a reduction in degraded land and a partial stabilization of urban growth according to LULC maps. For rapidly growing cities like Baghdad, continuous monitoring and sustainable land-use planning are essential to balancing urban development and environmental preservation. Baghdad has experienced accelerated urban expansion over the last decade, placing increasing pressure on agricultural areas, natural vegetation, and ecological stability. This study applies a cloud-based methodology using NDVI and NDBI indices, annual composite generation, and automated image processing within GEE to quantify changes in vegetation cover, built-up areas, and land degradation across the city for the years 2018, 2021, and 2024. This research aims to examine the relationship between urban growth and vegetation dynamics, identify environmentally vulnerable zones, and support sustainable land-use policies in Baghdad. Results show a substantial increase in vegetation cover rising by approximately 55% in parallel with a slight decline in non-vegetated land. Urban expansion patterns observed in 2021 align with previous studies conducted, confirming the regional trend of increasing built-up surfaces. To enhance sustainability, the study recommends adopting precision agriculture and drip-irrigation systems to increase vegetative cover and reduce water loss, particularly in peri-urban districts highly affected by land degradation.

This study analyzes the effects of green accounting integration, sustainability disclosure, and stakeholder engagement on company performance in the basic and chemical sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2019-2023. Data were collected from 10 companies that consistently published sustainability reports for 5 years, yielding 50 report samples. Data analysis used multiple linear regression to test the effect of each variable. The results showed that green accounting integration had no effect on company performance with a significance value of 0.154 (>0.05). Sustainability disclosure also did not affect company performance, with a significance value of 0.824 (>0.05). Meanwhile, stakeholder engagement had an effect on company performance with a significance value of 0.001 (<0.05). Simultaneously, the three variables had a significant effect on company performance, with a significance value of 0.006 (<0.05) and an F table of 2.806, indicating that F count > F table (4.733 > 2.806), suggesting that the independent variables could explain variations in company performance. This research provides empirical evidence that sustainability practices such as green accounting and sustainability disclosure can improve company performance. However, stakeholder engagement requires a more integrated strategic approach to achieve significant impact. These results can guide company managers in designing effective sustainability policies.

Evolving approaches and data availability for understanding the impact of land-use change on ecosystem services.

Maqasid sharia is a fundamental concept in Islamic economics to achieve social welfare through social justice and ethics in development that includes five main aspects, namely maintaining religion, maintaining the soul, maintaining reason, maintaining descendants, and maintaining property. The culture of Sipakatau, Sipakainge', Sipakalebbi is also the local wisdom of the Bugis people in maintaining the environment in the midst of development, because in this culture prioritizes social justice and the rights of the community and the environment not only to reap profits alone, likewise this culture has a supervisory function of the sipkainge attitude to maintain the surrounding environment. Meanwhile, the concept of green economy is a breakthrough to create sustainable development by paying attention to the sustainability and sustainability of the surrounding environment by emphasizing resource efficiency, low carbon, and social inclusiveness. This study will examine the relevance and integration of the maqasid sharia and culture of Sipakatau, Sipakainge', and Sipakalebbi with the green economy concept in welcoming the Indonesian nation's goal of 2045, namely a golden Indonesia. The inclusion of both is expected to open space for an economic approach that is not only environmentally friendly but also upholds spiritual, ethical, and social values. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review as the main model. The results of the study indicate that the values ​​of maqasid sharia and culture of Sipakatau, Sipakainge', and Sipakalebbi are very much in line with the principles of the green economy and can serve as a normative framework to encourage sustainable and equitable economic policies and practices.

Background: Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Mental Hospital plays an important role in mental health services, but still faces challenges in meeting the Minimum Service Standards (SPM). This study aims to analyze the policy to improve the performance of inpatient services according to SPM in this hospital by 2025 Methods: The method used was qualitative with a descriptive approach, involving in-depth interviews with key informants and supporters Results: The results of the study showed that the availability of inpatient services had met most of the SPM indicators, although there were still obstacles in fulfilling the visiting hours of specialist doctors and handling fixation of ODGJ patients that exceeded 24 hours. Factors that affect the length of a patient's care day are not only related to clinical aspects, but also include social and economic conditions, as well as family involvement Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening human resources, infrastructure, and cross-sectoral collaboration. Education to patients' families is also expected to reduce stigma and increase understanding of treatment. This research is expected to contribute to the formulation of more effective and sustainable mental health services policies in psychiatric hospitals.

Land cover plays an essential role in maintaining hydrological balance and soil conservation in tropical forest ecosystems. The decline in vegetation cover can lead to reduced infiltration, increased surface runoff, and decreased soil water-holding capacity. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between land cover, water retention, and soil conservation in tropical forests based on recent scientific findings. The analysis includes studies on soil biophysical properties, rainfall, vegetation types, and forest management strategies. The results indicate that dense and multi-layered vegetation improves soil porosity, infiltration, and water retention while reducing erosion. In contrast, the degradation of vegetation cover decreases soil physical quality and hydrological stability. Effective conservation efforts include the implementation of agroforestry systems, integrated watershed management, and sustainable forest protection policies.

This study proposes a multi-objective, multi-class explainable modeling framework to explain country performance profiles in PISA Mathematics (PISAM), Reading (PISAR), and Science (PISAS). Instead of treating PISA as a simple ranking, the study models each country’s Low/Medium/High-achieving class and asks which structural signals the model relies on when assigning a country to this class. To this end, the study combines governance quality (e.g., accountability, control of corruption, and political stability, etc.), economic and administrative capacity, and regional/institutional location in a single prediction pipeline and explains the resulting classifications with SHAP contributions conditional on class. While the findings do not point to a single, universal determinant, in mathematics, high-level profiles cluster around political stability, economic scale barriers, and regional location, along with governance indicators; in reading, economic capacity is explicitly integrated into this institutional core; and in science, in addition to these two dimensions, the shared institutional dynamics of regional blocs come into play. Furthermore, the study not only produces explanations but also quantitatively reports their reliability. The fit with the model output (Fidelity) and the traceability of the decision logic (Faithfulness) are 0.95/0.85 for PISAM, 0.89/0.92 for PISAR, and 0.89/0.89 for PISAS, which demonstrates high internal consistency and traceability of the decision process. Overall, the study reframes the PISA results not as isolated test scores but as structural profiles generated by the combination of governance, capacity, and region, revealing the policy-relevant levers behind “high performance” as a transparent and reproducible decision-making pipeline. This provides policymakers with an important roadmap for creating a sustainable education policy.

This research seeks to examine the impact of the planned single salary system and self-efficacy on employee performance, with job satisfaction acting as an intervening variable, at the BPS-Statistics of Langkat Regency. Adopting a quantitative research design, the study involved all civil servants at the BPS-Statistics of Langkat Regency, totaling 39 respondents. Data collection was conducted through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling via Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that both the anticipated implementation of the single salary system and self-efficacy positively and significantly influence job satisfaction and employee performance. Additionally, job satisfaction itself significantly enhances employee performance and functions as a mediating variable that strengthens the relationship between self-efficacy and performance. Conversely, job satisfaction does not significantly mediate the relationship between the planned single salary system and employee performance. These results suggest that enhancing employee performance is not solely reliant on compensation policies, but is substantially shaped by individual psychological factors in conjunction with job satisfaction. The study provides practical insights for BPS management in developing more effective and sustainable human resource policies.