Framework For Sustainable Development Research Articles

Spatiotemporal evolution and improvement pathways of sustainable entrepreneurship efficiency: Alleviating environmental and employment pressures.

Spatiotemporal evolution and improvement pathways of sustainable entrepreneurship efficiency: Alleviating environmental and employment pressures.

Measuring Urban Quality of Life Through Spatial Analytics and Machine Learning: A Data-Driven Framework for Sustainable Urban Planning and Development

Today, the expansion of cities and rapid urbanization have led to unsustainable development and reduced quality of life (QOL) in urban ecosystems. This research aimed to establish a new framework for measuring QOL in a city by using spatial data and integrating the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) with support vector machine (SVM) methods. Four main components, including socioeconomic level, urban land use, urban environment, and natural environment; eleven subcomponents; and seventeen spatial indicators were defined. To produce quality-of-life maps of Mashhad City, the components, subcomponents, and indicators were integrated using weights obtained via the FAHP method. Then, SVM was applied to semi-automatically produce QOL maps. The results showed that Regions 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, and 11 displayed lower QOL scores, especially regarding the environmental and socioeconomic indicators. Regions 1 and 7, as well as Districts 0902, 0903, 0501, and 0502, showed average QOL in regard to the natural environment and socioeconomic indicators. Regions 8 and 12, along with District 0901 and Samen City, obtained better QOL scores in regard to nearly all indicators, except for access to land uses and the NDVI index. The results show that using the SVM method, a QOL map—with a kappa coefficient of 0.97 and an overall accuracy of 98%—can be successfully created with significant time, cost, and effort savings.

Sağlam ətraf mühitdə davamlı inkişaf: beynəlxalq hüquqi əsaslar

The article discusses in detail the concept of sustainable development in international law, its legal status, and the right to live in a healthy environment. The article emphasizes the main principles of this concept, including justice, human rights, and the protection of ecosystems. In the first part, the history of sustainable development and the necessity of international cooperation are presented. Starting from the Stockholm Conference, the importance of the Brundtland Report and the Rio Declaration is explained. In the following sections, the right to sustainable development and the right to live in a healthy environment are evaluated within the framework of human rights. At the end of the article, the importance of the right to a healthy environment as an individual and collective human right is emphasized. Eliminating the existing legal gaps around the world is essential to fully ensure the right to live in a healthy environment. Ensuring this right is not only related to the protection of the environment, but is also closely connected with the guarantee of people's social and economic rights and equality. Also, it is important to further strengthen the approach of human rights organizations and international courts to these issues and to enhance the control over the fulfillment of relevant obligations by states. In general, the article highlights the importance of strengthening the legal framework for sustainable development and ensuring environmental justice. Keywords: sustainable development, international law, human rights, healthy environment, climate change, social justice, UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

KNOWLEDGE SHARING IN AGRIBUSINESS CLUSTERS AS A CATALYST FOR SOCIOECONOMIC GROWTH IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA

This study examines the role of knowledge sharing in agribusiness clusters as a catalyst for socioeconomic growth in North Central Nigeria, focusing on its impact on education development and employment generation, with government policies as a moderating factor. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a multi-stage sampling method to survey 423 registered farmers under the Nigeria Incentive-Based Risk Sharing System for Agricultural Lending (NIRSAL) Agro-Geo Cluster Scheme in Niger, Nasarawa, and the Federal Capital Territory. Data were analysed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the relationships between knowledge sharing, socioeconomic growth, and policy influence. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between knowledge sharing and both education (β = 0.520, p < 0.000) and employment generation (β = 0.599, p < 0.000). Government policies further strengthened these relationships, demonstrating a moderating effect (β = 0.217 for education; β = 0.181 for employment). The study highlights how collaborative knowledge exchange within clusters enhances skills, innovation, and job creation. Policymakers should prioritize cluster-based initiatives that foster knowledge sharing, such as training programs and partnerships with educational institutions. Agribusinesses are encouraged to adopt cooperative learning models to drive socioeconomic development. This study contributes to the literature by empirically validating the nexus between knowledge sharing, government policies, and socioeconomic outcomes in agribusiness clusters, offering a framework for sustainable regional development in emerging economies. It extends cluster theory by integrating policy moderation, providing actionable insights for stakeholders in Nigeria and similar contexts.

Christian Stewardship to God-given Natural Resources for Sustainability: A Biblical Perspective (Genesis 1:26-30 and Psalm 24:1) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG #14 & #15)

The deterioration of the environment, alterations in climate, and the decline of biodiversity have prompted significant global apprehensions, particularly highlighted by the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Specifically, SDG 14 (Life Below Water) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) underscore the imperative to safeguard both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Within Christian theology, stewardship is perceived as a divine obligation, wherein humanity is charged with the responsibility of nurturing and conserving God’s creation. Nevertheless, human actions persist in damaging natural resources, thereby jeopardizing sustainability and contravening scriptural tenets of care and justice. This research seeks to investigate the concept of Christian stewardship regarding divinely entrusted natural resources through a biblical lens, assessing the congruence of this theological framework with the objectives of Sustainable Development Goals 14 and 15, which emphasize sustainability and environmental accountability. The methodology employed includes a qualitative and theological approach, featuring Scriptural Exegesis of significant biblical passages (such as Genesis 1:26–30 and Psalm 24:1) to derive theological tenets of stewardship, a Literature Review of Christian environmental ethics alongside sustainable development frameworks, and a Comparative Analysis of biblical stewardship doctrines in relation to the targets set forth by SDGs 14 and 15. The research revealed a significant theological foundation for environmental stewardship within Christian teachings. The concept of biblical stewardship extends beyond mere dominion; it encompasses responsible guardianship, accountability, and sustainability. This perspective aligns closely with the objectives of Sustainable Development Goals 14 and 15, particularly in fostering biodiversity, minimizing pollution, and safeguarding habitats. Additionally, numerous faith-based organizations are already engaged in conservation efforts motivated by their religious beliefs. In conclusion, Christian stewardship offers a moral and spiritual framework that enhances scientific and policy-oriented strategies for sustainable development. The biblical imperative to care for creation resonates with fundamental values shared by the SDGs, including justice, sustainability, and intergenerational responsibility. It is recommended that faith communities increase their participation in environmental advocacy and education. Churches should incorporate environmental stewardship into their teachings and practices. Furthermore, collaborations among religious organizations, governmental bodies, and NGOs should be strengthened to promote the advancement of SDGs 14 and 15. Future research should investigate the effects of faith-based environmental initiatives on both local and global sustainability outcomes.

Integrated framework for sustainable urban development: bridging morphology, sustainability, and design

Purpose The challenge of sustainable urban development amidst escalating urbanization and environmental degradation necessitates an integrated framework. This study aims to address this challenge by constructing a comprehensive framework integrating urban morphology, sustainability principles, design thinking and esthetics. Design/methodology/approach The methodology involves a systematic review of scientific literature spanning 6 decades, analyzing 20 papers using a rigorous preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses -based approach to explore their interconnectedness. Findings The proposed framework highlights the crucial role of visualizing geographical and socioeconomic features of metropolitan regions in formulating effective urban sustainability strategies. Research limitations/implications A limitation of the study might be the proposed framework’s possible generalizability. While the framework may be applied to various urban environments, individual features or situations in certain areas or cities may restrict its usefulness or need adjustments. Practical implications The proposed research framework for sustainable urban design offers a systematic approach that can be applied in various practical scenarios within urban planning and design. Originality/value These findings underscore visualizing urban space morphology’s effectiveness in fostering sustainable urban conditions.

Membangun Masa Depan Berkelanjutan: Kebutuhan Gender, Pendidikan, dan Tenaga Kerja Generasi Z di Negara Jepang, Korea Selatan dan Indonesia

This study aims to explore the interconnection between gender equality, education, and the workforce of Generation Z in Japan, South Korea, and Indonesia, focusing on their roles in sustainable development. With rapid technological advancement and globalization, Generation Z is expected to be the primary driver of future labor markets. However, challenges related to gender inequality, education gaps, and labor market readiness persist in these countries. This paper reviews recent literature to identify existing research gaps, particularly the lack of comprehensive studies integrating gender equality, education, and workforce development within the framework of sustainable development. Previous studies have focused on individual aspects, but there is limited research that holistically examines these factors across multiple countries with differing socio-economic contexts. By employing a qualitative approach, this study analyzes secondary data, government reports, and interviews with experts to examine how gender equality, educational access, and workforce preparedness can contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals in these three nations. The research hypothesis suggests that inclusive education and stronger gender equality policies will improve the workforce readiness of Generation Z, ultimately accelerating sustainable development in Japan, South Korea, and Indonesia. The findings of this study aim to provide actionable policy recommendations to promote gender equity, educational inclusivity, and labor market readiness, thereby enhancing the long-term sustainability of these countries.

Digital Conservation of Tang Dynasty Military Attire for Sustainable Museums and Tourism

The attire of the military from the Tang Dynasty holds great importance in the history of China as it is a reminder of that period’s skillful artistry alongside the unique military characteristics of the time. Unfortunately, most surviving artifacts are incomplete or destroyed due to historical policies, environmental factors, and the materials' low durability. As such, museums display many replicas or damaged relics that cannot authentically represent Tang Dynasty military clothing. Even well-preserved, unearthed armor suffers from deterioration, limited restoration techniques, and unforgiving material composition. Thus, there is little conservation or exhibition the armor can be subjected to. Consequently, the need to find new methods for enhanced cultural heritage display and preservation within the sustainable development framework has become one of the most essential concerns in culture, tourism, and even archaeology. This research centers on the virtual preservation of military attire from the Tang Dynasty. It looks into the impact of 3D modeling, Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and CLO3D on modern cultural heritage preservation. The study seeks to demonstrate how 3D modeling can be employed in clothing recreation so that accurate digital representations can be used in academic research and museum exhibits. Visitors can interact with the exhibit as they “try on” the clothing virtually and assess comfort, weight, and ease of movement. Moreover, AR technology in museums enables the fusion of virtual images of Tang Dynasty clothing with physical displays, enhancing learning. This research examines how digital conservations shift the dependence from tangible artifacts toward cultural transmission while encouraging low-carbon cultural tourism. The methodology used in this study is qualitative and consists of a historiographic literature review, evaluative research synthesis, and case study analysis. The scope of historical documents and archeological data is reviewed to assess the importance of the Tang dynasty military dress and its conservational difficulties. Evaluative case studies on the impact of digital engagement on museum visitors and sustainability are analyzed. Lastly, digital exhibition techniques are explored to develop guidelines for practical digital conservation of museums, cultural tourism, and heritage propagation. The outcomes of this research aim to design a digitally sustainable conservation model for Tang dynasty military dress, providing them with theoretical and practical guidelines for museums, cultural institutions, and tourism authorities. This work advocates for a better understanding of the Tang military culture, amplifies the need for long-term digital preservation, and contributes to the ecologically sustainable development of cultural tourism.

Balancing Ecology, Economy, and Community: An Analytic Network Process (ANP) Framework for Sustainable Ecotourism Development

Balancing Ecology, Economy, and Community: An Analytic Network Process (ANP) Framework for Sustainable Ecotourism Development

Modelling Feasibility Scenarios for Achieving Public Space Standards in Nairobi's Informal Settlements under the 2030 Sustainable Development Framework

As the midpoint of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda nears, inclusive provision of public spaces in all urban neighbourhoods for all has become crucial. This study examines the progress towards delivering vital public spaces, namely streets, open spaces, and public markets in Nairobi's informal settlements, as a sustainable urbanism indicator. Based on the theories of sustainable development and sustainable urbanism, it uses a descriptive approach, relying on primary and secondary data from interviews with 17 key informants, questionnaires issued to 370 residents and street vendors, mapping of streets, markets, and open spaces using ArcGIS and Google Earth, and mathematical modelling to examine and describe local dynamics in Kayole Informal Settlement against public space prudential guidelines in global policy. Through the findings of this study that were cleaned, analyzed using SPSS, Excel, computations, and validated, the paper recommends alternative synergistic adjustments to policies, programs, and interactions to sustainably deliver functional public spaces, eradicate, and manage risks.

Advancing green sustainability: A comprehensive review of biomass briquette integration for coal-based energy frameworks

With the continuous development of various industries and the increasing use of electricity and fuel, the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases has seriously affected the ecosystem. Bulk coal is often used as a fuel for metallurgy and power generation, but the harmful gases produced by its combustion cause serious pollution to the environment. To reduce the emission of harmful gases, we found that biomass briquette has the characteristics of low heavy metal content and less pollutant release when burned. In this paper, the preparation and influencing factors of biomass briquette, the characteristics of different types of biomass briquette and the pollution characteristics of biomass briquette are reviewed. The potential pollution during the preparation and combustion of biomass briquette was also discussed from the perspective of life cycle assessment. Compared with bulk coal, biomass briquette emits fewer toxic gases during preparation and combustion, such as NOx and SO2. Secondly, the preparation of biomass briquette can also reduce the burden of water resources and soil. To that end, we explore the hazards caused by the preparation and combustion of biomass briquette, analyze its impact on the environment and human body, and summarize the sulfur and nitrogen retention capacity of biomass briquette to achieve the purpose of reducing harmful gas emissions. The results show that biomass briquette can be used as clean coal-based energy instead of traditional energy because of its low harmful substance content. The development and application prospect of biomass briquette under the framework of sustainable development are discussed.

Temporal dynamics of medium and micronutrient requirements in Epimedium pubescens: key elements regulating growth and Icariin-Flavonoids biosynthesis

Precise regulation of medium and micronutrients is vital for medicinal plant cultivation and quality improvement, yet requirements of these nutrients in Epimedium pubescens growth are unclear. This study monitored the annual dynamics changes in the content of seven medium and micronutrients within E. pubescens leaves; and identified key nutrients affecting growth through nutrient deficiency experiments. Variance Partitioning Analysis (VPA) was utilized to quantify stage-specific contributions of these key nutrients to biomass accumulation and Icariin-Flavonoids (I-Fla) synthesis. Results revealed significant temporal dynamics in leaf mineral elements, with abundance ordered as Ca > Fe > Mg > Mn > Zn > Cu > Mo. Notably, the high accumulation of Fe (a micronutrient) may indicate species-specific demand. Nutrient deficiency experiments confirmed Mg, Fe, and Zn functioned as core elements governing growth, with deficiency causing chlorophyll loss and biomass reduction. Specifically, Mg emerged as the dominant contributor to biomass accumulation, particularly in April (62.4%) and July (61.2%); a pronounced synergistic effect between Fe-Zn was observed, showing a consistent contribution rate exceeding 10% to biomass throughout the growth period. For I-Fla, Mg exerted significant effects in February (44.2%), whereas Zn's contribution progressively increased (July: 23.3%; next February: 44.5%), underscoring its pivotal regulatory role in secondary metabolism. The study proposed a range for key medium and micronutrients with a fertilization scheme: Mg reinforcement (Feb-Apr, Jul); Fe-Zn supplementation (Jul); and Zn prioritization post-Oct. It elucidated medium and micronutrients dynamics in E. pubescens and their relationships with growth and I-Fla synthesis, establishing the nutritional basis for coordinated yield-quality improvement. These findings provide a theoretical framework for precision cultivation and sustainable development of medicinal plants.

Beyond Buildings: How Does Sustainable Campus Design Shape Student Lives? Hail University as a Case Study

Sustainable campus design plays a vital role in shaping student well-being, academic performance, and institutional adaptability. This study investigates how sustainable design strategies influence student life at Hail University, Saudi Arabia, a campus located in an arid, culturally specific environment that presents unique spatial and climatic challenges. By integrating empirical observations, structured surveys (n = 1186), and semi-structured interviews, the research adopts a mixed-methods approach to examine three core dimensions: social life enhancement, environmental sustainability, and student-centric design. The methodology incorporates both descriptive and inferential analyses, including correlation, regression, and ANOVA, to evaluate the impact of design features on student satisfaction, engagement, and resource efficiency. Results show that a 10% increase in social infrastructure correlates with a 6.5% rise in student satisfaction. The study further identifies gaps in climate-responsive planning, green space utilization, and participatory design practices. It offers a replicable, context-sensitive framework for sustainable campus development that aligns with multiple UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), contributing new insights to the global discourse on higher education environments in arid regions.

Credit Risk Assessment From a Strategic Sustainability Perspective: The Case of the Nordic Banking Sector

ABSTRACTThe financial sector plays an important yet ambivalent role in society's sustainability transition. Credit decisions have a substantial impact as they determine the allocation of large amounts of financial resources. This study applies the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development as a lens to review literature and investigate practices in Nordic banks on sustainability considerations in corporate credit risk assessment. Three gaps and recommendations are presented: (i) banks should apply a systems perspective that goes beyond a narrow focus on climate change to avoid sub‐optimisation; (ii) strategies like inclusion and exclusion should be informed by backcasting from basic sustainability principles to foresee the long‐term direction of change and to assess whether solutions are scalable towards sustainability; and (iii) instead of asking whether it ‘pays to be sustainable’, research and practice should focus on ‘how’ companies can work strategically with sustainability, finding the optimal timing between being too passive and too proactive.

Unveiling the Influence of Green Taxes, Renewable Energy Adoption, and Digitalization on Environmental Sustainability in G7 Countries

This study investigates the intricate interplay between environmental taxes, economic growth, renewable energy adoption, digitalization, and their combined impact on environmental quality across G7 nations. Positioned within the broader framework of sustainable development, environmental policy, digitalization, economic progress, and green energy, it employs sophisticated econometric methodologies like the Cross-Section Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model and the Dynamic Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (DCCEMG) estimator to overcome data complexities such as cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity. The findings offer valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between environmental quality, economic growth, renewable energy utilization, digitalization, and the efficacy of environmental taxation. Additionally, the study proposes targeted policy recommendations aimed at bolstering sustainable development efforts aligned with international accords like the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals. These proposed strategies advocate for a nuanced approach to environmental taxation, the promotion of renewable energy adoption, and leveraging digitalization to bolster environmental sustainability efforts across G7 nations.

Dynamics of Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Tax Planning Strategy in the Global Sustainable Development Framework

Dynamics of Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Tax Planning Strategy in the Global Sustainable Development Framework

The cruciality of environmental degradation, energy use and urbanization to policy framework for sustainable growth and development: evidence from Spain

Purpose Attaining a sustainable environment has become an international commitment. Therefore, mitigating climate change concerns is pertinent for a sustainable ecosystem. This study aims to focus on the Spanish economy, which has enjoyed some positive growth trends over the years. However, there remains an unaddressed puzzle as to whether the experienced growth path is green or dirty given the wake of global connectedness. These concerns are related to the objective of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) that comprises economic growth (SDGs-8), climate issues (SDGs-13) and responsible energy consumption and access to energy (SDGs-7, 12). Design/methodology/approach This research empirically explores the comovement and coherence between CO2 emissions and its driving factors – specifically renewable energy, fossil fuel consumption, urbanization and economic growth using the wavelet tools. Findings The result of the wavelet coherence shows that (i) renewable energy and CO2 emissions are out-phase; (ii) economic growth and CO2 are in-phase; urbanization and CO2 are in-phase; and (iv) fossil fuel and CO2 are in-phase. The result of the multiple wavelet coherence shows that CO2 in Spain were strongly linked to urbanization, economic growth and energy consumption. While coherence with renewable energy and urbanization weakened after 2000, fossil fuel reliance remained a key driver. Practical implications These results are not desirable for the case study (Spain). Therefore, there is a necessity for a gradual and more aggressive shift in the Spanish energy mix to renewables. The shift to renewables is required for inclusive growth and a green growth path in Spain. Originality/value In this study, the authors used wavelet tools, which help uncover hidden information across different time-frequency domains. The importance of the ramifications of this research will also go beyond a localized relevance to the Spanish economy alone, as there is relative applicability of some of the practical implications from the study to other similar European Union (EU) countries considering Spain’s stance in the EU in terms of geography, economics and politics.

An In-Depth Analysis of the Relationship Between Carbon Intensity and Economic Growth from 2000 to 2015: Exploring Trends and Environmental Impacts

The investigation analyses carbon intensity alongside economic development with an emphasis on agricultural energy consumption and buildings and transport sectors. The research analyzes carbon emissions caused by economic activity, which impact total economic growth through the evaluation of GDP and GNI expansion across 53 countries from 2000 to 2015. Economic measurement of Carbon intensity reveals a positive link to GDP growth as well as GNI growth since rising economic activity generates more carbon emissions. Carbon emissions that arise from agricultural operations and building activities lead to significant climate damage, but transport emissions exhibit more manageable levels because improved, sustainable technologies can decrease emissions. The research points out that economic expansion usually results in increased emissions, yet proper clean technology advancements combined with more efficient energy practices enable emission reduction. Modern green technologies enable sustainable economic growth because they enable the energy and transport sectors to reduce environmental damage. These findings display that sustainable development requirements need policies that promote green technology adoption. The research demonstrates the necessity for policy-makers to develop sustainable development frameworks that promote green technologies throughout major sectors. Countries that adopt these technologies with innovation support will reach economic growth targets as they simultaneously reduce greenhouse gases. Proper technology advancement coupled with strategic policy removal leads countries toward maintaining economic prosperity through environmental sustainability.

Community Capitals Framework for Sustainable Development: A Qualitative Study of Creative Tourism in Ban Chiang World Heritage Site

This study explores creative tourism strategies in community-based tourism for sustainable development, focusing on the millennium-old Ban Chiang UNESCO World Heritage site in Thailand. It aims to uncover how creative tourism strategies support community-based tourism by optimizing development through cultural preservation, heritage revitalization, and sustainable outcomes. The research investigates how creative tourism approaches foster community-based tourism and how a community achieves sustainable socio-economic growth using the Community Capitals Framework (CCF). Using a qualitative case study approach, this research employs in-depth interviews, participant and non-participant observation, and document analysis to explore the interactions between creative tourism, community-based tourism, and sustainability. The findings reveal that creative tourism strategies can promote environmental conservation, cultural preservation, economic empowerment, and social well-being in Ban Chiang. This study highlights the successful development of strategies and collaborative actions by Ban Chiang’s community enterprise network for creative tourism progression, emphasizing multilateral stakeholder collaboration in enhancing community capital. The research proposes a model for creative tourism strategy and community capital development aimed at sustainability. It provides valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and local communities aiming to leverage creative tourism for sustainable development. By emphasizing the synergies between creative tourism and community-based tourism, it offers practical guidance for enhancing destination management, fostering community engagement, and promoting cultural and environmental conservation. This study bridges a critical gap in the literature by demonstrating how the CCF can be implemented to create positive impacts on creative tourism in heritage destinations such as Ban Chiang, presenting novel insights into its potential as a driver for positive transformation.

Customary Law In Indonesia: A Legacy for a Sustainable Future

This article explores the relevance of customary law in fostering a sustainable future. Customary law, rooted in the traditions and values of indigenous communities, offers valuable insights and practices for addressing contemporary challenges such as environmental degradation, social inequality, and economic disparity. We will examine how customary law, with its emphasis on community well-being, environmental stewardship, and social justice, can provide a framework for sustainable development. The presentation will delve into specific examples of how customary law has been successfully applied in various contexts, highlighting its potential to contribute to a more equitable and sustainable future for all.