This paper explores the transformative role of Generation Z in invigorating India’s Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector as a key driver towards the national vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat. Gen Z, born and raised amid digital proficiency, innovative mindset, and entrepreneurial spirit, holds immense potential to modernize traditional MSMEs through technology, sustainability, and creative business models. Despite MSMEs' significant contribution to economy and employment, they face challenges like limited innovation and digital infrastructure. By integrating Gen Z into this ecosystem, these barriers can be effectively mitigated. Present paper examines barriers, and opportunities for Gen Z’s active participation, highlighting the importance of government initiatives like Startup India and Digital India. It advocates for youth-centric interventions such as mentorship and digital upskilling. Ultimately, empowering Gen Z within the MSME sector is essential for building a resilient, innovation-led, and self-reliant Indian economy.

Circular and Sustainable Business Model Innovation: Formulating an Integrated Concept Through A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract This study addresses the absence of a sector-sensitive maturity assessment for circular business models in the Packaging and Containers (P&C) value chain. Existing models are largely sector-agnostic and overlook boundary conditions common in Latin America— Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) scope/enforcement, reverse-logistics capacity, data traceability, and secondary-material markets. The following framework develops and validates a P&C-specific instrument that measures nine determinants organized into three spheres: E1 Sustainable Value Chain (D1 triple impact; D2 circular strategies; D3 life cycle), E2 Strategy (D4 business purpose; D5 business environment; D6 circular objectives), and E3 Business Model (D7 value delivery; D8 value creation; D9 value capture). Using an exploratory–sequential mixed-methods design (PRISMA-style review; Delphi-style expert panels; sectoral survey, n = 60), we calibrate and weigh questions in the model, test validity/reliability, and report transparent scoring and maturity levels tailored to P&C. By identifying specific capability gaps, this framework serves as a diagnostic roadmap for firms to transition from limited regulatory compliance to higher maturity levels characterized by through measurable reductions in resource intensity and waste generation, contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

• Business sustainability (BS) required in mining sector, but its drivers not known. • Tested sustainable business model innovation (SBMI) & green competencies (GC) scales. • SBMI & GC scales good in mining sector and produced 3 and 6 dimensions respectively. • Two of three dimensions of SBMI and three of six dimensions of GC impacted BS. • Green creativity moderated impact of 4 GC dimensions on BS. Value created from sustainable business model innovation (SBMI), green creativity, and dimensions of green competencies (GC) are vital for business sustainability (BS). Yet scales of SBMI and GC to be used, examination of interrelationships and holistic contributions of these key elements to generate BS are lacking. Thus, this study seeks to achieve three objectives: (1) test the SBMI and GC scales in the mining sector; (2) borrow ideas from the dynamic capability, stakeholder and value-network theories to examine the impact of three SBMI dimensions and six GC dimensions on BS; 3) examine the moderating role of employee green creativity on the relationship between BS and the six GC dimensions. Data was collected from 219 employees at two large mining companies in South Africa and Botswana. The SBMI and GC scales were aptly applicable in the mining sector. Structural equation modelling results revealed that two of the three SBMI dimensions (sustainable value proposition and capture) and three of the six GC dimensions (green knowledge, abilities and attitudes) positively impacted BS. Although green creativity significantly impacted all six GC dimensions (green awareness, knowledge, abilities, skills, attitudes and behaviours), it moderated in the BS and GC relationships only for four of GC dimensions.

ABSTRACT The luxury fashion and lifestyle sector is at a critical juncture, facing the dual challenge of achieving sustainability while maintaining differentiation from lower‐fashion segments. This research compiles the body of knowledge on luxury fashion, sustainability, and business models in emerging economies; pinpoints systematic and recurrent changes in the luxury fashion value chain; and creates a sustainable luxury business model that effectively incorporates emerging economies as consumer markets and value producers. Using a systematic meta‐narrative literature review approach, the study examines 644 peer‐reviewed publications on luxury, sustainability, business models, and developing economies that were published between 2000 and 2025. The luxury fashion industry's major trends and sustainability issues are identified through a descriptive study. The authors incorporate empirical insights from academic research and business interaction in growing Asian economies, guided by Schön's (1983, 1990) theory of reflective practice. The two main analytical frameworks used for business model building are value chain analysis (VCA) and stakeholder theory. The findings reveal a critical gap in existing luxury fashion literature, which predominantly positions emerging economies as low‐cost production hubs rather than strategic markets and stakeholders. The proposed business model demonstrates how stakeholder‐centric governance combined with value chain optimization can support sustainable value creation, balancing economic performance with social and environmental responsibilities. This research contributes theoretically by integrating stakeholder theory and value chain analysis into a unified framework for sustainable luxury fashion in emerging economies. Managerially, it offers strategic guidance for luxury firms seeking to innovate their business models by embedding sustainability into sourcing, production, and market development. Practically, the study emphasizes the importance of engaging emerging economies as co‐creators of value and as conscious consumers, thereby supporting long‐term resilience, legitimacy, and profitability in the global luxury fashion industry.

This research discusses the role of financial technology (fintech) in enhancing financial inclusion in the digital era. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this research identifies the analysis, uniqueness, novelty, and strategies of fintech in expanding access to financial services for communities that have not yet been reached by the conventional banking system. The research results show that fintech has a positive impact on accelerating financial processes, increasing transaction efficiency, and providing alternative financing solutions for SMEs and individuals. However, there are challenges such as regulation, data security, and financial literacy that remain the main obstacles. The proposed solutions include strengthening government policies, enhancing digital literacy, and optimizing sustainable fintech business models. It seems there is no text provided for translation. The research findings reveal four main themes. First, fintech strategies have shifted from digital-only to a hybrid approach that combines digital platforms with networks of physical agents. Second, the biggest opportunities lie in leveraging data as a new asset and strategic partnerships using a B2B2C model. Third, disruptive innovation is not only in the product but in the entire user experience and the contextuality of services. Fourth, complex challenges include aspects of regulation that are not yet adaptive, the dual digital-financial literacy gap, and uneven infrastructure. Based on these findings, this research developed a Digital Financial Ecosystem Model that integrates these four aspects. The study concludes that optimizing the role of fintech requires a collaborative approach between fintech players, regulators, and the public to create an inclusive.

The rapid growth of pet ownership in urban areas has transformed pets into family members, increasing demand for high-quality, integrated pet-related services. However, pet cafés, grooming services, and playground facilities in Indonesia remain fragmented, requiring pet owners to visit multiple locations. This study aims to design and evaluate a one-stop pet lifestyle business model that integrates a pet-friendly café, professional pet care services, and recreational playgrounds in a single destination. The research applied a business planning approach using Design Thinking, Lean Canvas, Business Model Canvas (BMC), and SWOT analysis. Data were collected through market observation, industry trend analysis, and financial projections. Business feasibility was assessed using financial indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period, and Profitability Index, supported by the Timmons Entrepreneurial Model. The results indicate that the integrated concept of PAWvillion Paradise successfully addresses urban pet owners’ needs for convenience, hygiene, safety, and emotional bonding with their pets. The SWOT analysis places the business in Quadrant I (Growth Strategy), indicating strong internal capabilities and favorable market opportunities. Financial projections show positive cash flow from the first year, a payback period of approximately 3.06 years, and an IRR of 88.11%, demonstrating strong financial feasibility. In conclusion, PAWvillion Paradise represents a viable and sustainable business model that responds to urban lifestyle trends and promotes animal welfare. The integrated service concept enhances customer experience while providing a competitive advantage in the growing pet industry market in Bandung, Indonesia.

Customer Relationship Management improves customer understanding, builds loyalty, and strengthens communication. It helps firms track preferences, respond faster, and deliver personalized services. Effective CRM increases customer satisfaction, repeat purchases, and long-term relationships. These outcomes directly enhance sales performance by improving conversion rates, cross-selling opportunities, and revenue growth. Data-driven insights support better decisions, targeted marketing, and efficient sales planning, leading to higher productivity, stronger retention, and sustainable business profitability levels overall. The literature consistently indicates that effective CRM favourably influences customer satisfaction, loyalty, and overall business performance across sectors like banking, MSMEs, agribusiness, and services. Employee engagement and service quality are critical in translating CRM use into better customer outcomes. CRM is also a driver of innovation, as it enables process innovation, digital transformation, and the development of sustainable business models, especially with regard to e-CRM and AI-enabled tools. Nevertheless, most of the causes of CRM failure have been related more to poor implementation, weak strategic alignment, and data quality problems than to technological limitations. Overall, the studies underline that CRM success stands on strategy, technology, people, and data integration within given industry contexts.

ABSTRACT Access‐based services are considered one of the strategies to embed sustainability in business models. Yet, because the evolution of these business models has been overlooked, we do not know whether their promise to create triple value is sustained. Against this backdrop, we studied how the business model of 10 shared mobility operators changed and its consequences on the formation of social, environmental, and economic value. Findings show that the evolution is the result of intertwined changes in consumer misbehavior and vandalism, industry lifecycle, shareholders' priorities, technological advancements, and regulatory shifts. We identify two overarching processes that explain why the operators ceased to maintain a balance in the creation of triple value: progressive focus on financial viability and a growing prioritization of a smaller and wealthier segment of customers. These processes degraded the original goal of providing green, affordable, and accessible mobility for all.

Sustainable Business Models for Renewable Energy Communities: A Comprehensive Framework

The number of cancer survivors is steadily increasing worldwide, leading to an increased demand for long-term follow-up and supportive care. Many survivors face ongoing physical and psychosocial issues that highlight the need for innovative management approaches. Mobile health apps offer potential benefits by facilitating patient-led follow-up, self-management, and more efficient use of health care resources. Although the market for cancer-related mobile apps has grown rapidly, their sustainability and scientific basis remain unclear. In the European Union, the Medical Device Regulation (MDR), in effect since May 2021, introduced stricter criteria for classifying medical devices, including certain software apps. While aiming to improve patient safety, the MDR could pose challenges for small companies and academic developers, potentially limiting the availability of such apps. No scoping review has delineated changes in active apps before and after implementation of the legislation regulating medical devices. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the current availability and longevity of English-language mobile apps supporting cancer recovery, with a specific focus on changes before and after the implementation of the European Union MDR, and to assess the extent to which these apps are supported by clinical evidence. Searches were conducted in mobile app stores (Apple's App Store and Google Play) and literature databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science), using predefined terms. Mobile apps targeting cancer recovery and published articles on their effectiveness were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data. A descriptive analysis was conducted to report trends in mobile device app availability and updates over time. A total of 151 mobile apps were identified in 2018. However, by 2024, only 45 of 151 (30%) were still available. Among these, 25 of 151 (17%) were updated within the past 2 years. During the search in December 2024, 1 new mobile app supported by scientific evidence was discovered. This mobile app was developed to assist cancer survivors in managing insomnia through cognitive behavioral therapy. Rapid turnover and a potential lack of sustainability in the mobile health app market for cancer survivors were evident, with most mobile apps identified in 2018 no longer available by 2024. This review revealed a limited number of publicly available mobile apps that support cancer recovery. The longevity of existing mobile apps is limited, potentially because of regulatory and financial barriers. Prioritizing rigorous effectiveness trials, addressing implementation barriers, and developing sustainable business models are essential to ensure the long-term availability and success of mobile health apps in cancer survivorship care.

This study aims to analyze the synergy between entrepreneurship and digital marketing in developing digital platform-based business models through a literature review approach. The main problem raised is the lack of systematic integration of entrepreneurship and digital marketing concepts in building sustainable digital business models. This study uses a literature review method with a descriptive qualitative approach to journal articles, academic books, and scientific proceedings published in the 2020–2025 period. Literature sources were obtained from the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus databases, and accredited national journal portals. The analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques to identify patterns, key concepts, and relationships between relevant variables. The results of the study indicate that the synergy between entrepreneurship and digital marketing plays a crucial role in creating competitive advantage for digital platform-based business models, particularly through the use of technology, value innovation, and data-driven market orientation. Successful digital business models are characterized by the entrepreneur's ability to integrate creativity, digital technology, and platform-based marketing strategies. The study's conclusion confirms that collaboration between entrepreneurship and digital marketing is a key factor in increasing the sustainability and scalability of digital businesses in the platform economy era.

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the literature on knowledge management for innovation and sustainable development, to unveil the main research trends developed over time. To contextualize the field under study, bibliometric techniques are used, while traditional methods of systematic literature review are employed to deepen the study and discover the main trends developed over time. The software chosen for this research is Bibliometrix ® , which has been combined with an innovative three-level systematic analysis of keywords, co-occurrence of keywords and analysis of the abstracts of the 793 peer-reviewed articles that make up the database obtained from Web of Science. The findings reveal six relevant subtopics focused on the interconnectedness of knowledge management with some key factors for firms’ competitiveness. It is concluded that effective knowledge management practices disseminate knowledge within and between organizations, teams, and departments, nurturing a culture of continuous learning and cross-functional collaboration. This research significantly contributes to the understanding of the interplay between knowledge management, innovation and sustainable development, as well as providing guidance to policymakers in developing regulations and incentives that support the development of sustainable business models, eco-innovation and efficient knowledge management, and to organizations on how they can apply knowledge management practices to foster innovation, streamline operations and adapt to changing markets and environmental conditions.

It is largely acknowledged that the dairy industry faces momentous challenges to make progress toward major environmental goals in balance with economic and social sustainability. This study addresses this concern by examining the processes of sustainability transition in the dairy industry in Spain. In particular, we analyzed the process of shifting from the classical, purely economic-driven business models toward more sustainable business models and also integrating environmental and social concerns. We provide a conceptual model for assessing sustainability transformation in the dairy industry and test the applicability of this model using a combination of evidence from the literature and primary information. Primary data were obtained through a dedicated questionnaire addressed to four dairy companies purposefully selected as illustrative case studies. The findings suggest that sustainability goals in the dairy industry can be represented appropriately through the proposed framework both at the sector and company levels, facilitating the identification of concrete business areas better suited for potential innovations and improvements in terms of sustainable value creation and delivery. The results also reveal the need for activity-specific assessments and a more-focused approach to sustainability practices, including the development of more comprehensive sustainability metrics and measurement methods specifically tailored to the dairy industry.

This study stems from the clear need to understand why and how organizations in Romania integrate emerging digital technologies into circular economy (CE) practices, given the critical role of this integration in improving resource efficiency and supporting sustainable business models. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire applied to 149 organizations of different sizes, ranging from SMEs (fewer than 50 employees) to large corporations (over 500 employees), operating across multiple sectors, including agriculture, construction, security, services and research. The questionnaire assessed organizations’ familiarity with CE principles, their stage of CE implementation, and their adoption of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, cloud computing and robotics. The results indicate that most organizations are aware of the potential benefits of digital technologies, particularly in terms of resource efficiency, enhanced product traceability and support for sustainability goals. However, effective implementation remains quite limited in many cases due to inadequate or outdated infrastructure, lack of technical skills, and organizational resistance to changes. At the same time, the findings further reveal a growing strategic interest in digitalization: approximately 41% of SMEs and 59% of large organizations plan to increase investments in digitalization, primarily to improve sustainability performance and foster innovation. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of digitalization in support of CE in Romania and proposes practical recommendations for organizations and decision-makers, highlighting both emerging opportunities and persistent barriers.

This study aims to examine the influence of green financial literacy, green financial well-being, and green financial education on greenpreneur intention among Malaysian youth within the High-Growth High-Value (HGHV) energy transition sector, addressing a critical gap in sustainability and entrepreneurship literature. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior and supported by the Dynamic Capability Theory and the Natural Resource-Based View, the study integrates green financial attitude, behavior, and knowledge into a comprehensive framework to explain youths’ intentions to engage in green entrepreneurship. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected from undergraduate students enrolled in energy transition and business-related programs at Malaysian higher education institutions. The data were analyzed using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the proposed relationships and model robustness. The findings indicate that green financial literacy significantly and positively predicts greenpreneur intention among youth. Additionally, green financial well-being strengthens this relationship by enhancing financial confidence and resilience, while green financial education further reinforces the effect by equipping youth with relevant sustainability-oriented financial competencies. These results highlight the importance of financial capability and educational support in fostering sustainable entrepreneurial intentions. In practical terms, the study underscores the need for universities to embed green finance components into entrepreneurship curricula, promote experiential learning related to sustainable business models, and enhance students’ financial well-being. Policymakers are encouraged to strengthen youth-focused green finance initiatives, funding incentives, and capacity-building programs to support Malaysia’s National Energy Transition Roadmap and HGHV development agenda. Furthermore, the study offers insights applicable to other emerging economies pursuing sustainable energy transitions.

Entities using business models that integrate sustainability principles into business practice are gaining popularity through innovative measures. One such model is the subscription economy, in which customers pay regularly for access to products or services rather than purchasing them once. The study aims to present the subscription economy as a model that can help promote sustainable consumption. The paper uses a diagnostic survey method and a literature analysis and critique. Based on the literature on sustainable business models, the authors have shown that subscription economics, meeting the conditions of a sustainable model, can play an important role in promoting sustainable consumption (in terms of economic, social, and environmental rationality). The authors’ own research showed that Poles are very interested in the subscription model and its greatest importance in terms of economic rationality, which is the most important element of sustainable consumption. This also applies to the younger generation, which, despite being characterized by a high awareness of growing social and environmental problems, identifies sustainability as a secondary motivation to personal benefits such as financial security.

The ‘push model’ describes an approach where 999 calls are routed by clinical navigators in the control room directly to other services based on a clinical review rather than a full clinical assessment. It is an active model, based on pre-determined agreements with NHS providers, which then contact the patient rapidly and determine the right response for their needs. This approach aims to provide patients with access to an appropriately qualified clinician, while releasing clinical capacity in the ambulance control room for other patients. The approach is delivered through training and collaborative working, requiring minimal financial investment. This article describes the implementation of the push model into Yorkshire Ambulance Service. By investing in this initiative, the team aimed to lay the groundwork for a sustainable business model that will bring long-term benefits to the public. This approach allows the ambulance service to respond to life-threatening emergencies more promptly and facilitates the redirection of urgent care to community services, reducing obstacles to accessing community-based healthcare.

ABSTRACT In recent years, we have observed a decline in environmental conditions. Both governments and societies have increasingly focused on this issue, seeing entrepreneurship as a key approach to achieving sustainable development. Drawing on the natural resource-based view theory and stakeholder theory, this study explores the central role of sustainable business model innovation (SBMI) in new ventures’ efforts to become more sustainable. Using data from 1,172 new ventures gathered from a survey, we tested the hypothesized framework with the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. Our findings show that the results of SBMI mediate the relationship between the strategic orientations (toward entrepreneurship and sustainability) and support from different stakeholder types (family, society, and government) and their sustainable performance. Our study offers insights for entrepreneurs and managers of new ventures who pursue sustainability as a cornerstone of their business.

The banking sector is undergoing a transformation toward sustainable business models to mitigate climate change risks, yet the emergence of "greenwashing" has increased customer skepticism. This study aims to analyze the influence of Green Trust and Green Brand Image on Islamic Bank Customer Loyalty, with Eco-Labeling Awareness as a mediating variable. Using a quantitative approach and PLS-SEM analysis on a sample of Millennial and Gen Z banking customers in Indonesia, the results reveal that Green Trust (X1) has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty (Y) (T = 9.727, P = 0.000). Conversely, Green Brand Image (X2) does not significantly impact loyalty (T = 1.599, P = 0.110). Furthermore, Eco-Labeling Awareness (Z) serves as a significant mediator for the influence of Green Trust on loyalty (T = 9.727, P = 0.000), but fails to mediate the relationship between Green Brand Image and loyalty (T = 1.599, P = 0.110). These findings suggest that for Islamic banks, building deep trust through transparent environmental standards is more effective for fostering long-term loyalty than relying solely on brand image