Traditional village protection and sustainable development: Knowledge graph construction and hotspot evolution

Cyclodextrin-modified core-shell particle synthesis and photonic crystal film formation for redox-mediated surface interaction.

The exponential growth of scholarly literature necessitates automated, scalable systems for organizing knowledge domains. However, text classification of academic abstracts presents distinct challenges due to specialized terminology and diverse discourse structures across disciplines. This study proposes a resource efficient deep learning methodology to categorize academic abstracts, scaling from coarse grained domains (arXiv) to fine grained disciplinary hierarchies (Web of Science). Systematic comparative analysis of Recurrent Neural Networks (Attention-GRU) and Transformer based architectures (BERT, SciBERT) are conducted, specifically focusing on the trade-off between predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. Extensive experiments on massive benchmarks that include the WOS-46985 dataset with 134 sub-disciplines, reveal a notable finding: Our proposed Attention-based GRU model utilizing static GloVe embeddings achieved a Macro-F1 score of 0.920, achieving higher performance than leading domain specific models such as SciBERT (F1: 0.867). Furthermore, this accuracy was achieved with over 3× faster training times and significantly lower estimated energy proxy compared to Transformer variants. This research contributes to the field by providing a systematic evaluation of "Green AI" architectures, demonstrating that computationally efficient models can robustly handle the linguistic diversity of high cardinality, fine grained scientific taxonomies without the prohibitive estimated energy costs of Large Language Models.

Molecular hydrogen (H2) has emerged as a functional bioactive gas with exceptional diffusivity, selective radical-scavenging ability, and proven biosafety, offering new opportunities for next-generation food preservation technologies. Hydrogen-based reducing atmosphere packaging (H2-RAP), which diverges from conventional modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) that passively suppresses spoilage through CO2, O2, and N2, provides on-demand oxidative protection by directly regulating redox balance within food systems. This review critically evaluates the limitations of conventional MAP and develops a mechanistically discriminative framework for H2-RAP linking oxidative control to redox potential-linked spoilage trajectories. It summarizes advances in headspace-matrix exchange, dissolution/partitioning and interfacial exchange, effective diffusivity (Deff), and retention/decay kinetics, together with controlled-delivery architectures. The comparative analysis of different food categories demonstrates that H2-RAP effectively suppresses oxidation, microbial proliferation, and nutrient degradation at low and safe concentrations, thereby extending the shelf life of food products. Despite these advantages, the challenges of maintaining H2 retention, optimizing release kinetics, and establishing standardized evaluation and safety frameworks remain unresolved. Through the integration of knowledge from food chemistry, materials science, and sustainability science, this review provides a unified perspective on H2-based packaging systems and delineates key research priorities for the safe, scalable, and intelligent industrial implementation.

Game engines for sustainable open science software: a case study

As human activities and wildlife increasingly overlap in the Anthropocene, conventional conservation paradigms focused on land-sparing are shifting toward strategies that support human-wildlife coexistence. However, achieving sustainable coexistence is often hindered by a limited understanding of the dynamic social-ecological processes that drive integrated human-wildlife systems. This Special Issue explores "resilience thinking" as a scientific framework to address these knowledge gaps. By bridging sustainability and wildlife sciences, we examine how concepts such as adaptive capacity, feedback loops, system archetypes, and tipping points can illuminate the conditions that facilitate stable coexistence or lead to persistent conflict. Through diverse global case studies ranging from carnivore management in Europe to primate interactions in Indonesia, contributions highlight how societal perceptions, governance, and co-adaptation shape system trajectories. Ultimately, we argue that fostering durable coexistence requires moving beyond incremental adaptation toward transformative governance that centers on equity, relationality, and proactive management.

The globe is today sustainability hungry. There is a huge potential to work common and collective in the sustainability transition and drive multi-decade long development cycles. The challenges and opportunities in the new approaches needed for sustainability is large and the associated risks and to take up responsibility are larger. Regulating the growing interests and aspirations to support sustainable development and align in line with sustainability in the transformative outcomes are huge and are varying unimaginably in the needs and wants of growth and development phases. This paper tries to focus on systems thinking for sustainability science where the advancement in the value based sustainable outlook has to happen recognizing the multiple layer and interconnectedness bringing in shared identity and reasonable belongingness, in developing many new understanding and purposes for the common and collective actions of states, markets and business environment to build, extending the base line of economic development and growth to be placed in the triple bottom line in the layered understanding and nested reality. Layered understanding, reflection and reformulation in the value chains are needed for the very specific sustainable and contributory business environment activity chains for people and planet leading towards common prosperity. This paper addresses qualitatively from the point of view of the key interests in sustainable development themes like distribution, fairness, welfare, wellbeing, equity and justice along with the twin questions of attaining sustainability and leading towards sustainable development goals in the futuristic growth and development pathway as support structures leading a transition having an intergenerational effect.

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KUKERTA) is a community engagement initiative based on the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, aiming to raise public awareness about the importance of science and technology. This program was conducted in Muncul Subdistrict, South Tangerang, using the Participation Action Research (PAR) method, which involved the community in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of activities. Over a period of approximately 40 days, the program included computer training for local officials, the introduction of basic physics concepts to children, and the distribution of educational booklets. The results indicated improved community understanding of science and technology applications in daily life, increased public participation in educational activities, and strengthened intergenerational collaboration. This program positively impacted science literacy awareness, supported technology-based public services, and fostered a culture of lifelong learning. Through a collaborative approach, this KUKERTA successfully drove social transformation toward sustainable and independent science and technology-based community empowerment.

Students' poor scientific literacy in addressing socio-scientific issues is a critical challenge in 21st century science education. Innovative learning approaches are needed to meaningfully integrate ethnoscience, socio-scientific issues, and digital technology. This study investigates the effectiveness of interactive web-based learning integrating Ethnoscience and Socio-Scientific Issues (ESSI) in improving students’ scientific literacy. Using a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest design. Scientific literacy was measured using validated tests and analyzed through independent sample t-tests and N-Gain analysis. The results showed that the experimental group achieved significantly higher scientific literacy than the control group (mean posttest = 82.40 vs. 74.15; p = 0.002), with a high N-Gain score of 0.71. The results show that web-based ESSI learning effectively enhances scientific literacy. The study concludes that interactive web-based ESSI learning effectively strengthens students’ scientific literacy. This research contributes to science education by demonstrating the pedagogical value of integrating local wisdom, socio-scientific contexts, and digital media to support contextual and sustainable science learning aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This study evaluates the feasibility of Dracaena trifasciata (snake plant) fibers as an alternative raw material for eco-friendly paper bag production. A descriptive–experimental design was employed to compare fabricated paper bags with commercial counterparts in terms of biodegradability, water absorption, tensile strength, and dimensional properties. Results indicate that snake plant-based paper bags exhibit faster biodegradation (5 days) than commercial paper bags (7 days), while maintaining comparable water absorption. Notably, tensile strength was significantly higher for the experimental group (M = 2.55) than the commercial group (M = 1.25), with statistical significance (p < 0.05) and a very large effect size. These findings suggest that D. trifasciata fibers are a viable, sustainable, and high-performance alternative for packaging applications. The study contributes to the advancement of non-wood fiber utilization in sustainable materials science.

Prevention, detection, and response to pandemic-prone diseases involve collecting, analyzing, and applying data swiftly at scale. Achieving these goals requires adequate information technology and a skilled public health workforce capable of translating data into action. While public health informatics and data science programs are established in parts of the Western world, Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) face significant gaps in educational pathways. This study mapped the educational and labor market structures in Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Moldova, identified barriers to training and retaining professionals in public health informatics and data science, and proposed sustainable models for integrating training into national systems. A mixed-methods approach included a review of 111 policy and regulatory documents, labor-market analysis, 147 semistructured interviews, seven focus groups, and two expert workshops (n = 72) that validated findings and prioritized policy options. Although all three countries demonstrate strategic commitment to digital transformation, investment in human capital remains insufficient. Educational programs are isolated, with no accredited degrees in these professions, and accreditation processes delay educational innovations. Employers lack awareness of the value of these professions, and salary gaps between the health and information technology sectors, as well as between public and private sectors, weaken workforce retention. The absence of occupational recognition in national regulations further constrains workforce development. Stakeholders endorsed modular, competency-based training—integrated into Master of Public Health programs and in-service certificates—as the most feasible way to scale capacity. Building a sustainable workforce requires short-term measures such as problem-based and continuing training, along with long-term policies that (i) prioritize human capital development in national digital health strategies, (ii) adjust educational and occupational classifications, (iii) modernize accreditation processes for modular credentialing, and (iv) align incentives to attract and retain talent. Together, these actions could enable EECA health systems to harness digital innovation for better health outcomes.

Dynamic environmental management and liability attribution using an AlphaZero-Bayes framework: Intelligent decision support for multi-agent risk systems.

Land system science for global environmental change and sustainability: Advances, challenges, and future directions

In the face of the shared challenges posed by climate change, energy transition, and sustainable development, energy science, environmental science, and materials science have increasingly emerged as core disciplines supporting future social development, attracting growing attention from the international academic and technological innovation communities. In this context, the 2025 9th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Materials Science (EEMS 2025) was successfully held in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China, from December 26 to 28, 2025. The conference brought together experts and scholars from universities, research institutions, and industries worldwide to discuss cutting-edge advances, key challenges, and development pathways relevant to the conference themes. Supported by Universiti Raman Malaysia, the conference focused on multiple subfields including green energy, environmental governance, and advanced materials. It aimed to build an open, collaborative, and innovative international academic platform, thereby facilitating the integrated development of theoretical exploration and technological applications. This conference was honored to invite a number of experts to deliver keynote speeches. Prof. Xinyong Li from Dalian University of Technology shared the design of spinel derivative-based functional materials and their application in the solar-driven catalytic conversion of methane into high-value chemicals. Prof. Haitao Li from Jiangsu University discussed the technical pathways for green ammonia synthesis under the “Dual Carbon” goal. Prof. Boon Tong Goh from Universiti Malaya introduced the nanostructures of metal oxides and nitrides prepared via plasma-assisted reactive thermal evaporation and their applications in hydrogen production. Prof. Omar Chaalal from Abu Dhabi University proposed an innovative process for methanol production based on flue gas carbon dioxide capture and green hydrogen conversion. These presentations not only showcased high-level research outcomes in the respective fields but also provided valuable academic insights to the participants. List of Committee Members is available in this PDF.

Electrocatalytic upgrading of aqueous nitrate ( ) and nitrite ( ) represents a sustainable and increasingly important approach for producing valuable nitrogenous chemicals from abundant and hazardous feedstocks. Recent advances have demonstrated the ability to selectively convert / into products such as inorganic nitrogenous species including ammonia (NH3), hydroxylamine (NH2OH), hydrazine (N2H4) and organonitrogen compounds (e.g., urea, oximes and amines). However, the absence of standardized protocols has hindered reproducibility and cross-laboratory comparisons. Herein, we present a comprehensive protocol for aqueous -involved electrocatalytic reactions. Our protocol includes electrode preparation, electrolyzer assembly, electrolysis, product quantification and purification, in situ characterization and technoeconomic analysis. The protocol includes essential safety guidelines for toxic intermediate handling. Moreover, it remains adaptable to different levels of experimental capability. This protocol is suitable for initial screenings and mechanistic investigations spanning small-scale reactors (<30 ml) to liter-level systems and takes ~2 weeks to complete. This work is designed for researchers in green and sustainable chemistry, electrocatalysis, nanotechnology and environmental science and aims to establish reproducible workflows that accelerate the development of electrochemical upgrading strategies. More importantly, we hope that the protocol can motivate researchers to design catalytic strategies to upgrade renewable chemical sources beyond .

Abstract In this article, the authors analyze the extent to which sustainability science subject matter is reflected in the Life Sciences school curriculum in South Africa. The authors used Bernstein’s theory of the pedagogic device and key topics derived from the literature on sustainability science to frame the analysis. Document analysis was the method used to conduct a content analysis of the Curriculum Policy and Assessment (CAPS) document for Life Sciences. The results showed that although coverage is not extensive, some sustainability science topics are found in the prescribed Life Sciences curriculum, which teachers can use to address sustainability in the classroom. However, many more sustainability science topics should be included. The findings provide useful information for policymakers, teacher educators, resource developers, and schoolteachers. This analysis was limited to Bernstein’s fields of recontextualization and production. Further research on reproduction is required to gain insight into what teachers do in classrooms when including sustainability science.

Ecotourism has helped preserve biodiversity and provide jobs in Ghana and West Africa, but poor local management, ecological regeneration, and regulation are hindering its growth. This study examines how regeneration-focused hospitality might overcome structural hurdles in underdeveloped countries. A qualitative and literature synthesis research approach was used with peer-reviewed academic publications, local policies, and Ghanaian and West African ecotourism, sustainability, and regenerative tourism development studies to support the research. The analysis is combined with three main theories—regenerative development, sustainability science, and community-based tourism—and analysed thematically. According to this study's evidence, ecotourism global practices in the region have prioritised minimising negative impacts and complying with regulations over ecological regeneration, in-community co-creation, and value retention. To fill this gap, a complete framework for regenerative hospitality in ecologically diverse settings with institutional challenges in developing countries is offered. This framework includes ecological regeneration, landscape rehabilitation, community engagement, equitable land ownership distribution, culture regeneration, regenerative economy/business models, circular resource use, and local value development, and proactive multi-jurisdictional, multi-level governance. Regenerative hospitality in eco-lodges, resorts, and community-based tourism will improve climate resilience, youth employment, rural community support, and long-term destination viability. The research clarifies and guide ecotourism-regenerative hospitality links in West Africa.

ABSTRACT The degraded landscapes can be turned into large‐scale ecological restoration programs, but the question of their economic efficiency is the main concern of sustainability science. This paper analyzes Grain for Green Program (GFGP) on the Loess Plateau in north China as a flagship program of restoring subsidies to fight the erosion and land degradation on steep slopes. Based on multi‐temporal data of the MODIS and panel analysis of watersheds, we compared ecological and economic results during two periods of time, before and after restoration (2002–2004) and (2022–2024). We used a difference‐in‐differences (DiD) framework to compare pre‐barrier treated watersheds (slope exceeding 15) to be reforested with control basins (slope less than 15) to continue with cultivation and isolate a restoration effect. Findings demonstrate a considerable and spatially uniform vegetation enhancement in the treated territory where the average NDVI and NPP growth were 15%–20% and 60%, correspondingly. Among the 428 treated basins, about 318 (74) of them reported a positive diD NDVI effect, which validated the high biomass recovery and vegetation stabilization. Land‐cover shifts also indicated that the forest and shrub vegetation replaced cropland and grassland, which was effective in rehabilitating the slopes. The program brought about high economic returns in addition to ecological recovery. According to literature‐based estimation of valuation of ecosystem services, it is estimated that altogether ¥1.75 trillion RMB of benefits came out of the work of GFGP in 2017, and the net benefits were estimated to be ¥637 billion RMB, after subsidies and opportunity costs of the same amounts are considered as equivalent to a net gain of approximately ¥21,900 ha/yr. −1. These returns are higher than cost of conversion of croplands and subsidy payments, which indicate the high economic reasons of ecological investments.

This study examines the effectiveness of Earth and Space Science modules integrated with eco-pedagogy and science literacy (IPBA-EcoLisa) in improving students’ logical and critical thinking skills. A pre-test–post-test design was employed with 43 prospective physics teacher students. Data were collected using validated instruments measuring logical and critical thinking abilities and analyzed using N-Gain scores. The results indicate a moderate improvement in logical thinking skills (N-Gain = 0.36), particularly in students’ ability to apply patterns and rules to predict Earth and Space Science issues. Critical thinking skills demonstrated a significant improvement (N-Gain = 0.52), with the most notable gains observed in the Basic Support and Basic Clarification indicators. These findings suggest that integrating eco-pedagogy and science literacy within IPBA learning effectively strengthens higher-order thinking skills while fostering environmental awareness. In conclusion, the IPBA-EcoLisa module represents a promising instructional approach for supporting sustainable science education and enhancing essential cognitive competencies in physics education students.

Robust and transferable approaches for evaluating research capacity—whose measurable expression is reflected in research output—are essential for evidence-based science policy and strategic research management. This study develops an integrated framework to assess global scholarly capacity and regional disparities by combining semantic-similarity-based literature filtering, bibliometric mapping, dynamic performance assessment, and spatial analytical techniques into a coherent and replicable model. A Sentence-BERT model ensures thematic precision and dataset consistency, while CiteSpace 6.1.R3 is used tomap publication trajectories, thematic evolution, and influential contributors. A dynamically weighted TOPSIS model incorporates temporal variation to quantify national research capacity, and spatial analyses—including gravity center analysis, Theil index decomposition, spatial autocorrelation, gray relational analysis, and the Geographical Detector Model—identify disparity patterns and their explanatory associations. Applied to urban ecosystem security research (2001–2023), an emerging interdisciplinary field within sustainability science, the framework shows that China and the United States dominate research output, whereas European journals exert strong academic influence. The field has advanced through three stages, with increasing emphasis on ecosystem services and sustainable development. GDP, environmental pressure, and urbanization rate show the strongest explanatory associations with research capacity, and interactive effects—especially those involving GDP—exceed single-factor explanatory strength. Ecological baseline conditions such as NDVI and climate exhibit only limited associations, functioning mainly as contextual factors. Policy implications highlight four priorities: strengthening interdisciplinary and cross-regional collaboration in developing regions; promoting equity-oriented research agendas in developed regions; establishing unified definitions and validated evaluation frameworks; and advancing dynamic, systems-based approaches to ecosystem security analysis. By shifting attention from ecological status assessment to the dynamics of scientific knowledge production and research capacity, this study advances methodological foundations for research evaluation and enriches analytical approaches in urban ecosystem security, offering a generalizable framework for identifying capacity differences and supporting evidence-informed policy design.