Survival Rate Of Gastric Cancer Research Articles

Identification of the Prognosis-Related lncRNAs and Genes in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor with high occurrence and recurrence and is the leading cause of death worldwide. However, the prognostic value of protein-coding and non-coding RNAs in stage III gastric cancer has not been systematically analyzed. In this study, using TCGA data, we identified 585 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 927 protein-coding genes (PCGs) correlated with the overall survival rate of gastric cancer. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the prognostic genes positively correlated with death rates were enriched in pathways, including gap junction, focal adhesion, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, that are involved in the tumor microenvironment and cell-cell communications, suggesting that their dysregulation may promote the tumor progression. To evaluate the performance of the prognostic genes in risk prediction, we built three multivariable Cox models based on prognostic genes selected from the prognostic PCGs and lncRNAs. The performance of the three models based on features from only PCGs or lncRNAs or from all prognostic genes were systematically compared, which revealed that the features selected from all the prognostic genes showed higher performance than the features selected only from lncRNAs or PCGs. Furthermore, the multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that the stratification with the highest performance was an independent prognostic factor in stage III gastric cancer. In addition, we explored the underlying mechanism of the prognostic lncRNAs in the Cox model by predicting the lncRNA and protein interaction. Specifically, CTD-2218G20.2 was predicted to interact with PSG4, PSG5, and PSG7, which could also interact with cancer-related proteins, including KISS1, TIMP2, MMP11, IGFBP1, EGFR, and CDKN1C, suggesting that CTD-2218G20.2 might participate in the cancer progression via these cancer-related proteins. In summary, the systematic analysis of the prognostic lncRNAs and PCGs was of great importance to the understanding of the progression of stage III gastric cancer.

The Influence of Family History on Stage and Survival of Gastric Cancer According to the TGFB1 C-509T Polymorphism in Korea.

Background/AimsThe survival rate of gastric cancer (GC) is known to be higher in patients with a family history (FH) of GC. There is an association between a polymorphism in the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFB1) gene and the risk of GC in patients with first-degree relatives with GC. This study was performed to investigate whether a FH affects GC outcomes according to the TGFB1 C-509T polymorphism.MethodsTGFB1 was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method in 1,143 GC patients, including 216 patients (18.9%) with first-degree relatives with GC.ResultsThe proportion of stage I–II GCs was significantly higher in patients with a FH than in those without a FH of GC (83.8 vs 74.9%, p=0.005). The association between a FH of GC and stage I–II GC was not significant in subgroups divided based on the TGFB1 C-509T polymorphism and sex. A FH did not affect the overall survival rate of GC in patient with all stages and each stage. The overall survival rates were not significantly different between patients with the CC and CT/TT genotypes of the TGFB1-509 polymorphism.ConclusionsPatient with a FH of GC had lower cancer stage (I–II) at diagnosis than those without a FH of GC, but there was no significant difference in overall survival between the patients with and without a FH of GC. A FH did not influence the tumor stage or overall survival in patients stratified by the presence of the TGFB1 C-509T polymorphism.

Association of ABO Blood Groups and Risk of Gastric Cancer

This study sought to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and the risk of gastric cancer as well as clinical pathological parameters and prognosis. Gastric cancer patient data were collected from January 1995 to January 2012 at Jilin Cancer Hospital, and the blood group information of the blood donors at Jilin City Blood Center was recorded. The relationships between ABO blood group and both clinicopathological parameters and the risk of gastric cancer were analyzed retrospectively. The impact of ABO blood type on the 5-year survival rate of patients with gastric cancer was evaluated through outpatient and telephone interviews. (1) Compared with the healthy population, the frequency distribution of gastric cancer patients with the A blood group was significantly increased (χ2 = 4.708, P = 0.000), whereas the frequency distribution of gastric cancer patients with the AB blood group was significantly decreased (χ2 = 9.630, P = 0.002). However, there was no significant difference in the distributions of the B blood group and O blood group (P > 0.05). (2) The risk of gastric cancer in people with the A blood group was higher, whereas the risk of gastric cancer in people with the AB blood group was lower. There was no significant difference in the risk of gastric cancer between type B and type O patients (P > 0.05). (3) The ABO blood group was not related to pathological factors, including the size of the gastric tumor or the T stage or N stage of the disease (P > 0.05). (4) Univariate analysis results showed that the degree of differentiation, tumor size, T stage, lymph node metastasis, and type O blood were factors affecting the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis results showed that tumor size, T stage, lymph node metastasis, and O blood group were independent prognostic factors. The 5-year survival rate for gastric cancer was significantly better in patients with type O blood (hazard ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 1.67-3.92). (1) The risk of gastric cancer was higher in patients with the A blood group and lower in those with the AB blood group. (2) The ABO blood group showed no significant effect on the clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer. (3) The O blood group may be a prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients.

Final results of early non-invasive gastric cancer detection study using the serum pepsinogen test method in Croatian patients.

e15551 Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the 8th most common cancer cause of cancer deaths in Croatia and 2nd most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. GC of the intestinal type is usually preceded by a chronic atrophic gastritis which is a precancerous change in the stomach. Methods: A reliable diagnostic tool for the early detection of the GC is essential. Screening programs have led to an improvement of overall 5-y survival rate for GC in Japan and Pepsinogen test method was suggested to reduce mortality from gastric cancer. The gold standard for the diagnosis of GC is the pathohistological study of biopsies obtained during an upper GI endoscopy, an invasive method that is too complicated for use in population screening and patients with comorbidity. We have conducted a prospective single center clinical study over a period of &gt; 2 years to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of reagents, and to determine if these reagents can be part of routine. Inclusion criteria for the study were: signed informed consent, life expectancy &gt; 12, and exclusion criteria were: previous treatments for any malignancy, current usage of IPP or NSAIDs medication, poor ECOG performance status ≥3, known history of H. pylori eradication treatment or gastric surgery. We previously reported preliminary results of PG test method in Croatian population. Here, we present mature data after median follow-up of 26 months. Statistical analyses were performed by using a Mann-Whitney U test, multiple logistic regression and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) to evaluate the predictive power of biomarkers. Results: Blood samples have been collected from patients with suspicious to GC attending for endoscopy or surgery. We used cut off points to evaluate gastric cancer risk: PGI ≤ 70 and PGI/II ratio ≤ 3.0. Of the 116 patients, 25 patients had GC and 91 had non-malignant pathology on tissue biopsy (like atrophic gastritis). Based on an optimal cut-off value calculated by ROC curve analysis had accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 86.2%, 60.0%, 93.4%, 65.2%and 89.47%, respectively, for the diagnosis of GC. AUC was 0.767 (95% CI 64.0-89.0). Conclusions: The single use of pepsinogen tests is not sufficient for stomach cancer detection; however, it provides a valuable test for selecting a population that needs further diagnosing. Meanwhile, its high specificity could also help to avoid unnecessary endoscopy, especially in older population or patients with heavy burden of comorbidity. Clinical trial information: 2016-0019-34.

CORO1C expression is associated with poor survival rates in gastric cancer and promotes metastasis invitro.

Coronin‐like actin‐binding protein 1C (CORO1C) is a member of the WD repeat protein family that regulates actin‐dependent processes by assembling F‐actin. CORO1C was previously reported to promote metastasis in breast cancer and lung squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we investigated the role of CORO1C in gastric cancer. Higher expression levels of CORO1C were detected in gastric cancer tissues as compared with normal gastric tissues. In addition, CORO1C levels were found to be positively correlated with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients. The expression levels of CORO1C were higher in stage III‐IV gastric cancer patients (80.8%) than in stage I‐II gastric cancer patients(57.1%). Gastric cancer patients positive for CORO1C expression showed lower relapse‐free survival and overall survival rates. Knockdown of CORO1C dramatically suppressed total cell number, cell viability, cell colony formation, cell mitosis and cell metastasis, and promoted apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, cyclin D1 and vimentin were found to be positively regulated by CORO1C. As cyclin D1 and vimentin play an oncogenic role in gastric cancer, CORO1C may exert its tumor‐promoting activity through these proteins.

Extract of Cycas revoluta Thunb. enhances the inhibitory effect of 5-fluorouracil on gastric cancer cells through the AKT-mTOR pathway.

BACKGROUNDGastric cancer is one of the most common and deadly malignancies worldwide. Despite recent medical progress, the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer is still unsatisfactory. 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) is one of the first-line antineoplastic treatments for gastric cancer, as it can effectively induce cancer cell apoptosis. However, the effect of 5-Fu is limited due to drug resistance of the malignant tumor. Previous studies have reported that Sotetsuflavone from Cycas revoluta Thunb. can markedly suppress lung cancer cell proliferation by apoptosis, though its effect on gastric cancer remains unknown.AIMTo investigate the inhibitory effect of Cycas revoluta Thunb. and to determine whether it can overcome gastric cancer cell drug resistance to 5-Fu.METHODSCell viability was examined to determine whether the natural extract of Cycas revoluta Thunb. induced gastric cancer cell death. The half-maximal effective concentration and the half-maximal lethal concentration were calculatede. Wound-healing and transwell assays were performed to examine gastric cancer cell motility. Clonogenic assays were performed to investigate the synergistic effects of Cycas revoluta Thunb. with 5-Fu, and apoptotic bodies were detected by Hoechst staining. Western blotting was performed to examine the expression of related proteins and to investigate the molecular mechanism of Cycas revoluta Thunb.-induced cancer cell apoptosis. The expressions of proteins, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-AKT, were detected in different combinations of treatments for 48 h, then analyzed by ECL detection.RESULTSGastric cancer cells were more sensitive to the natural extract of Cycas revoluta Thunb. compared to normal gastric epithelial cells, and the extract effectively inhibited gastric cancer cell migration and invasion. The extract improved the anti-cancer effect of 5-Fu by enhancing the chemosensitization of gastric cancer cells. Extract plus 5-Fu further reduced the expression of the drug-resistance-related proteins p-AKT and mTOR after 48 h compared to 5-Fu alone. Compared to 5-Fu treatment alone, mTOR and p-AKT expression was significantly reduced by about 50% and 75%, respectively. We also found that the natural extract of Cycas revoluta Thunb. further increased 5-Fu-induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis. Expression of apoptosis-related protein X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and apoptosis inducing factor were significantly reduced and increased, respectively, in the 5-Fu-resistant gastric cancer line SGC-7901/R treated with extract plus 5-Fu, while the expression of survivin did not change.CONCLUSIONThe natural extract of Cycas revoluta Thunb. effectively inhibited gastric cancer cell growth and enhanced the anti-cancer effect of 5-Fu through the AKT-mTOR pathway.

Integrative Analysis of CD133 mRNA in Human Cancers Based on Data Mining.

CD133 is a wildly used cancer stem cell marker. The purpose of this study was to explore the significance of CD133 mRNA in human cancers mainly based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Bioinformatic analyses were done by using public repositories, including BioGPS, SAGE Genie tools, Oncomine analysis, Regulome Explorer, COSMIC analysis, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. The main findings in this study were: 1) High CD133 mRNA was correlated with a benign survival rate of gastric cancer and lung cancer; 2) Transmembrane protein 125 (TMEM125) in bladder urothelial carcinoma and intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM2) in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma were closely related to CD133 expression; 3) The location and the topological structure of CD133 protein were not determined by its transcript variant in cancer cells; 4) CD38 and CD200 may be used as novel surface markers for solid cancers. However, the mechanism of these findings is not completely clear, further studies have to be performed in the future.

Estimating the Net Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer in Iran in a Relative Survival Framework.

Iran is an Eastern Mediterranean region country with the highest rate of gastric cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the 5-year net survival of patients with gastric cancer in Iran using a relative survival framework. In a cross-sectional study, using life-table estimation of relative survival, we reported 1- to 5-year relative survival regarding age, sex, disease stage, pathology, and adjuvant therapies via modeling excess mortality. All the analyses were done applying Stata 11.2 with a confidence level of 95%. Data on 330 patients (aged 32-96 y), who were comprised of 228 (69.1%) men and 102 (30.1%) women with gastric cancer and were followed up for 10 years, were analyzed. Adenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy (281 [85.2%] patients), and 248 (75.1%) patients were at stage 3 or stage 4. The 1- and 5-year net survival rates after surgery were 67.96 (95% CI: 62.35-72.98) and 23.35 (95% CI: 17.94-29.28), respectively. Higher stages (P=0.001), older ages (P=0.007), and less use of adjuvant therapies (P<0.001) were independently associated with excess mortality. It is recommended to use the relative survival framework to analyze the survival of cancer patients as an alternative approach not only to eliminate biases due to competing risks and their dependencies but also to estimate the cure at the population level concerning the most important individual characteristics. Our findings showed that the survival rate of gastric cancer in Iran is lower than that in most developed countries in terms of net survival.

Expression and significance of lysine-specific histone demethylase 2B in gastric cancer

Objective To study the expression and significance of lysine-specific histone demethylase 2B (KDM2B) protein in gastric cancer and its correlation with clinicopathologic features and prognosis for gastric cancer. Methods The expression of KDM2B protein was detected by the immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between the expression of KDM2B and clinicopathologic characteristics in gastric cancer was analyzed by χ2 test and survival analyses were done by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, and the differences between the curves were tested with the two-tailed log-rank test. Results The positive rate of KDM2B protein was 58.9% in 236 cases of gastric cancer, and 11.4% in the adjacent gastric mucosa (χ2=25.690, P=0.000). The positive rate of KDM2B was correlated with histological classification, lymph node status, TNM stage and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her-2) expression (χ2=12.922, 6.817, 15.089, 5.143, P=0.002, 0.033, 0.001, 0.023, respectively). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed KDM2B was associated with poor prognosis [hazard ratio (HR)=2.340, P=0.000]. The 5-year survival rate of KDM2B positive gastric cancer was 22.3%, and the median survival time was 19 months. The 5-year survival rate of KDM2B negative gastric cancer was 49.5%, and the median survival time was 55 months. Furthermore, Cox stepwise hazard analysis revealed KDM2B was an independent prognostic index for gastric cancer. Conclusion KDM2B was an independent prognostic index for gastric cancer. Key words: Gastric cancer; Lysine-specific histone demethylase 2B; Prognosis; Immunohistochemistry

A Genetic Variant Located in miR-146b Promoter Region Is Associated with Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.

Background: SNPs in the promoter region of miRNAs have been reported to be associated with cancer prognosis. Our previous study found that miR-146b had a strong correlation with the stage classification of gastric cancer and contributed to tumor progression. The current study was aimed at investigating whether an SNP located in the promoter region of miR-146b could affect the survival rate of gastric cancer.Methods: Using bioinformatics tools, we identified one SNP (rs1536309) that is located in the miR-146b promoter. We genotyped this SNP site to assess its association with gastric cancer prognosis in 940 cases.Results: We found that the dominant model of miR-146b rs1536309 was associated with a higher survival rate of gastric cancer. The association remained significant in the subgroup analysis by age (≤60), sex (male), tumor size (≤5 cm), histologic type (diffuse), lymph node metastasis (N0), distant metastasis (M0), and TNM stage (I/II).Conclusions: Our results suggested that the miR-146b rs1536309 polymorphism may be a potential biomarker for the prognosis of gastric cancer.Impact: This is the first evidence showing that patients carrying the miR-146b-5p rs1536309 CC/CT genotypes exhibited better survival than those carrying the TT genotype, suggesting the protective effect of the C allele in the prognosis of gastric cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(7); 822-8. ©2018 AACR.

Relationship between expression of glucose transporter 1 and clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer: a Meta-analysis

Objective To investigate the expression of glucose transporters 1 (GLUT-1) in gastric cancer and its relation with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, Cochrane Library, WanFang Databases and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) were used to search literatures about GLUT-1 and gastric cancer. From the day of establishment to May 15, 2017, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 researchers independently screened studies, extracted data and assessed quality of the included studies. Effect value and 95% CI was calculated respectively. Then Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 11 articles were enrolled, including 1 714 cases in the gastric cancer group and 431 cases in the normal gastric mucosa group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that GLUT-1 expression was higher in the gastric cancer group than that in the normal group, and there was a significant difference (OR= 24.23, 95% CI 11.86-49.51, P 0.05), but related with differentiated degree (OR= 0.41, 95% CI 0.25-0.67, P= 0.000 4), lymphatic metastasis (OR= 5.11, 95% CI 2.73-9.56, P <0.000 1), and TNM staging (OR= 0.32, 95% CI 0.20-0.51, P < 0.000 01). Moreover, GLUT-1 had a correlation with the overall survival rate of gastric cancer (HR= 1.61, 95% CI 1.30-1.99, P < 0.000 1). Conclusions GLUT-1 protein expression is higher in gastric cancer tissues than that in normal gastric mucosa, and it is related to tumor differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, TNM staging. Besides, GLUT-1 may be correlated with poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Key words: Stomach neoplasms; Monosaccharide transport proteins; Meta-analysis

Increased survival rates in gastric cancer, with a narrowing gender gap and widening socioeconomic status gap: A period analysis from 1984 to 2013.

Gastric cancer (GC) has the fifth highest incidence rate of all cancers and has a poor prognosis. However, no recent large-scale and long-term studies have evaluated the incidence and survival rates of individuals with GC. In order to explore the change of GC incidence and survival rates by age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status (SES), incidence data and survival status of patients with GC between 1984 and 2013 were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Totally, 87242 cases of GC were exported and were analyzed. During these three decades, the incidence of GC was 7.4, 6.8, and 5.5 per 100000 individuals in each decade. The 1-year relative survival rates (RSRs) improved from 42.4% to 44.3% to 49.0% (P<0.0001), with a larger increase seen in the third decade. However, the long-term survival rates remained low (from 17.8% to 20.3% to 22.9% for the 5-year RSRs, P<0.0001; from 14.1% to 16.4% to 18.6% for the 10-year RSRs, P<0.0001). Our analysis demonstrated the decreased incidence and increased survival rate of GC. In addition, lower SES was associated with lower survival rates. It is notable that others (primarily for Asians) had the highest incidence rate but had better outcomes than Whites and Blacks.

CEACAM6 is a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for gastric carcinoma.

This study aims to investigate the prognostic power of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) in gastric cancer (GC) and its potential role in cancer development and progression. Data mining results show that CEACAM6 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and is correlated with lymph node metastasis. Subsequently, immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine CEACAM6 protein levels in paraffin gastric tumor specimens. Real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted to detect CEACAM6 mRNA levels in fresh GC samples. CEACAM6 protein and mRNA levels were significantly up regulated in GC compared with paired normal mucosa. The IHC staining intensity of CEACAM6 was positively correlated with tumor size, Lauren's classification, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage. CEACAM6 expression was inversely correlated with the five-year survival rate of GC patients. Cox multivariate analysis results demonstrated that the overall survival was independently correlated with CEACAM6 expression. A significant association was observed between CEACAM6 and distant metastases. Network analysis of downstream gene signatures revealed several hub genes such as SRC and DNM1L etc. which may mediating tumor promoting functions of CEACAM6. Further data mining discovered that Tamoxifen etc. could be therapeutic alternatives for gastric patients with CEACAM6 overexpression. Collectively, CEACAM6 overexpression is a common characteristic of GC and is associated with poor 5 year survival rate in GC. Besides, potential molecular mechanisms and treatment options were also provided.

Survival Rates for Patients with Resected Gastric Adenocarcinoma Finally have Increased in the United States.

In the United States, the overall survival rates for gastric adenocarcinoma have remained low, with surgical resection as the only therapy for many patients. Given the advances in multimodality treatment and the development of guidelines recommending adequate lymph node evaluation, the authors determined whether overall survival rates for patients with gastric adenocarcinoma have increased in the United States. The study used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to examine overall survival for patients with the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma between 1988 and 2013. The study cohort was divided into five periods: 1988-1992, 1993-1997, 1998-2002, 2003-2007, and 2008-2013. Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to determine the effect that year of diagnosis had on overall survival. The diagnosis was determined for 13,470 patients between 1988 and 2013. The use of radiation therapy and the proportion of patients who had at least 15 lymph nodes evaluated significantly increased during the study period. Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier estimates demonstrated significantly better survival rates for the patients with a diagnosis of gastric cancer in the later periods (2003-2007 and 2008-2013) than for those in the three earlier periods. In our Cox proportional hazards model, recent period was associated with a significantly lower hazard of 5-year mortality. This analysis demonstrated for the first time that gastric cancer survival rates have significantly improved in the United States during the past 2decades. This observation likely reflects improved adherence to cancer treatment guidelines, including adequate lymph node evaluation and delivery of adjuvant treatment more consistently.

Prognostic factors of lymph node-negative metastasis gastric cancer

To investigate the prognostic factors of patients with lymph node-negative metastasis gastric cancer (pN0). Clinicopathological data of patients with pN0 gastric cancer who underwent radical operation at the Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University from May 1980 to August 2012 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. (1) Patients were diagnosed as gastric adenocarcinoma; (2) Postoperative pathology confirmed T1a to 4bN0M0 gastric cancer; (3) Total number of harvested lymph node was more than 15. The patients, who died within 1 month after the operation, died of other diseases, had remnant gastric cancer, or had incomplete follow-up data, were excluded. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the clinical factors that may influence the prognosis of patients with stage pN0 gastric cancer, then, those significant variables were entered into the Cox's proportional hazards regression model for multivariate analysis to obtain the independent prognostic factors for patients with pN0 gastric cancer finally. Furthermore, the prognosis of patients with pN0 advanced gastric cancer (invasive depth ≥ T2) were analyzed using the same method. A total of 610 patients with pN0 gastric cancer were enrolled in the study, including 441 males and 169 females with age ranging from 19 to 83 (mean 56.4±11.0) years, D1 lymph node dissection in 45 cases, D2 lymph node dissection in 543 cases, D3 lymph node dissection in 22 cases, and 384 cases of advanced gastric cancer. The overall followed-up was 1 to 372 (median 32) months. Ninety cases (14.8%) were dead during the follow-up. The median survival was 277.7(95%CI: 257.6 to 297.8) months, and the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 96.5%, 87%, 83.2%. Univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter, depth of invasion, gross type, lymph node dissection and lymph vessel cancer embolus were related to the prognosis (all P<0.05). The 5-year survival rate of patients with tumor diameter >4 cm was significantly lower than those with tumor diameter ≤4 cm (75.6% vs. 87.8%, P=0.000). The 5-year survival rates of T1a, T1b, T2, T3 and T4 were 98.4%, 92.8%, 84.2%, 61.0% and 31.4% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000). In gross type, 5-year survival rate of early gastric cancer was 96.0%, and of Borrmann I( to IIII( type gastric cancer was 100%, 83.4%, 73.7% and 68.9% respectively, whose difference was statistically significant(P=0.000). The 5-year survival rates in patients undergoing lymph node dissection D1, D2 and D3 were 100%, 83.3% and 58.7%, and the difference was significant (P=0.005). The 5-year survival rate of patients with positive lymphatic cancer embolus was lower than those with negative ones (69.4% vs. 86.9%, P=0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that the gross type [Borrmann II(/early gastric cancer: HR(95% CI)=15.129(3.284 to 69.699), Borrmann III(/early gastric cancer: HR(95% CI)=14.613 (3.292 to 64.875), Borrmann IIII(/early gastric cancer: HR (95% CI)=15.430 (2.778 to 85.718),Borrmann IIIII(/early gastric cancer: HR(95%CI)=12.604 (1.055 to 150.642), P=0.025] and the positive lymphatic cancer embolus [HR(95% CI)=3.241 (2.056 to 5.108), P=0.000] were the independent prognostic factors of patients with pN0 gastric cancer. For pN0 patients with advanced gastric cancer, multivariate analysis showed that the depth of invasion [stage T3/stage T2: HR(95%CI)=1.520 (0.888 to 2.601), stage T4/stage T2: HR(95%CI)=2.235(1.227 to 4.070); P=0.031] and the positive lymphatic cancer embolus [HR(95%CI)=3.065 (1.930 to 4.868); P=0.000] were the independent risk factors influencing the prognosis. Positive lymphatic cancer embolus and worse gross pattern indicate poorer prognosis of patients with pN0 gastric cancer, which may be used as effective markers in evaluating the prognosis. As for pN0 advanced gastric cancer, invasion depth and positive lymphatic cancer embolus can play a more important role in the prediction.

Pathogenic roles of alterations in vitamin D and vitamin D receptor in gastric tumorigenesis.

Gastric cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, especially in Japan, Korea and China, and the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer is less than 30%. Thus, it is important to shed more lights on novel agents to prevent gastric cancer or to improve survival rate of the patients. Vitamin D not only maintains calcium and bone homeostasis, but also mostly inhibits tumor genesis, invasion, and metastasis through activation of vitamin D receptor. Although epidemiological results are not consistent, accumulating evidence from gastric cancer cells, animal models, and clinical trials suggest that vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk and mortality of gastric cancer, but vitamin D supplement might be a safe and economical way to prevent or treat gastric cancer. Here, we reviewed the current studies on vitamin D and its receptor and focused on the pathogenic roles of their alterations in gastric tumorigenesis.

Abstract B55: Gastric Cancer Epidemiological Trends among Hispanics: A 10-year Population-Based Analysis

Abstract Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the top five diagnosed cancers in US Hispanics, while it's not a common cancer in Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). In Puerto Rico (PR), GC is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in men and the eighth most common in women. Although the incidence of GC has decreased during the last two decades in all US racial/ethnic groups, the mortality associated to GC continues to be high and disproportionately affects Hispanics. We aimed to determine and compare the overall five-year relative survival of PR Hispanics with GC during two study periods (1998-2002 and 2003-2007) and examine the geographical distribution to establish priorities for screening and health policy. Methods: Data was obtained from the PR Central Cancer Registry (PRCCR). All occurring cases with a diagnosis of primary GC, those arising primarily from the gastroesophageal junction to the pylorus, ICD-O-3 codes C16.0 to C16.9, with histological confirmation (using ICD-O-3 codes) from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2007 were included. Five-year overall survival rates were calculated using the incidence case file database of the PRCCR and estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. Results: For the period 1998-2002 the age-adjusted incidence rate for GC was 10.0 per 100,000 (n = 1,696), while for 2003-2007 was 8.4 per 100,000 (n = 1,595). The overall five-year relative survival for GC was 22.1% and 28.2% for the periods of 1998-2002 and 2003-2007, respectively. Age-adjusted incidence rates of GC were lower in the Metropolitan (costal) Area and its surrounding municipalities while higher in the municipalities of the mountainous regions. Conclusion: GC continues to be a common cancer among Hispanics despite decrease burden among other US racial groups. Moreover, the survival rate of GC continues to be abysmal with less than 30% 5-year survival rate. There is a geographical distribution with higher GC incidence rates in the mountainous regions. Studies evaluating biologic and environmental risk factors for GC are of utmost importance to understand this cancer disparity and establish GC screening algorithms among US Hispanics. Citation Format: Marcia Cruz-Correa, Adrian Cora-Morges, Ariel Gonzalez-Cordero, Jennifer Serrano-Rosario, Yaritza Diaz-Algori, Marievelisse Soto-Salgado, Carlos Torres-Cintron, Douglas Morgan, Guillermo Tortolero-Luna. Gastric Cancer Epidemiological Trends among Hispanics: A 10-year Population-Based Analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B55.

Five-year Survival Rate for Gastric Cancer in Yazd Province, Central Iran, from 2001 to 2008.

BACKGROUND The number of patients with gastric cancer is growing worldwide. In Iran (in 2009) of 74067 new cases of cancer, 6886 were diagnosed as having gastric cancer. This study was conducted to investigate 5-year survival rate for gastric cancer in Yazd province, central Iran. METHODS In this descriptive study, the medical records of patients with gastric cancer were collected from the archives of Yazd hospitals from 2001 to 2008. The data gathered included age, sex, type of histopathology, site of involvement, cancer staging, and mode of treatment, which were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5. To investigate the survival and the factors influencing the survival time of patients, which are the main objectives of this study, Kaplan-Meier method was used and Cox proportional hazards model was fitted to the data. To compare survival function in different subgroups, the log rank test or generalized Wilcoxon test was used. RESULTS 295 cases of gastric cancer were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 59.3 ± 9 years. 5-year survival rate of the patients was calculated as 18% where the highest rate was 39% for the age group of 50-60 years and the lowest was 3% for the age group of above 80 years. 5-year survival rates in different groups were as follows: 32% in women, 13% in men; 16% in adenocarcinoma, 46% in other pathologies; 16% in gastric cardia involvement, 17% in antrum; 59% in stage 1, 31% in stage 2, 13% in stage 3, and 3% in stage 4. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that age, stage of the cancer, mode of therapy, and type of histopathology affected the survival rate of gastric cancer. No significant association was found between the site of involvement and survival rate. In general, the survival rate for gastric cancer was low, which might be due to slow but steady progress of the disease and delayed referral of the patients.

Trop2 as an oncogene in gastric cancer by regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

High Trop2 expression relates to aggressive tumor behavior and contributes to poor overall survival rates in gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of Trop2 in the carcinogenesis of GC. We found that over-expressed Trop2 induced cell proliferation and clone formation, inhibited cell apoptosis and induced S cell cycle arrest in GC cell lines, meanwhile, knockdown Trop2 inhibited cell proliferation and clone formation, induced cell apoptosis and inhibits S cell cycle arrest in vitro. Moreover, Trop2 depletion inhibited tumor growth , the anti-tumor rate in this report being 22.53% in vivo. In addition, Trop2 activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to promote GC malignant progression. These results indicated that Trop2 is a critical regulation factor in the progression of GC, which may help to lead a novel insight into understanding the mechanism of the Trop2 in the pathogenesis of GC.

Proposal of a Dukes-MAC-like staging system for gastric cancer

The aim of this study was to present an epidemiological update regarding the classical prognostic parameters of gastric cancer (GC) in 3 countries from Eastern Europe and to suggest a...