Surprising Effect Research Articles

CEA-regulated Oncolytic Virus Anticancer Therapy: A Promising Strategy for Rare Solid Tumors.

Rare solid tumors have attracted much more attention due to the great unmet clinical need, limited treatment options, and poor prognosis. As the most thoroughly studied tumor marker, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) can not only overexpress in various common solid tumors but also in several rare solid tumors. Oncolytic virus therapy has achieved excellent anticancer effects in the past decades. Due to the specific high expression of CEA in certain tumor tissues but not in normal tissues, CEA has been applied to improve the tumor specificity of gene expression. The studies of CEA expression in rare solid tumors and CEA-regulated oncolytic virus therapy were reviewed. We showed the types of rare solid tumors with the overexpression of CEA. Elevated serum CEA levels can indicate the diagnosis, response of surgery or system therapy, distal metastasis, recurrence, and survival. Due to high tumor specificity, CEA-regulated OA therapy has demonstrated a surprising antitumor effect for common CEA-positive tumors in preclinical trials. These data suggested that CEA could be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for several rare solid tumors. We proposed the hypothesis that CEA-regulated oncolytic virus therapy could be a promising therapeutic strategy for CEA-positive rare solid tumors.

The Role of Pathogens and Anti-Infective Agents in Parkinson's Disease, from Etiology to Therapeutic Implications.

Parkinson’s disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder whose etiology is still unclear, hampering the development of effective treatments. There is an urgent need to identify the etiology and provide further effective treatments. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that infection may play a role in the etiology of Parkinson’s disease. The infective pathogens may act as a trigger for Parkinson’s disease, the most common of which are hepatitis C virus, influenza virus, and Helicobacter pylori. In addition, gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to influence brain function through the gut-brain axis, showing an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, a series of anti-infective agents exhibit surprising neuroprotective effects via various mechanisms, such as interfering with α-synuclein aggregation, inhibiting neuroinflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, and preventing from cell death, independent of their antimicrobial effects. The pleiotropic agents affect important events in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, most of them are less toxic, clinically safe and have good blood-brain penetrability, making them hopeful candidates for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. However, the use of antibiotics and subsequent gut dysbiosis may also play a role in Parkinson’s disease, making the long-term effects of anti-infective drugs worthy of further consideration and exploration. This review summarizes the current evidence for the association between infective pathogens and Parkinson’s disease and subsequently explores the application prospects of anti-infective drugs in Parkinson’s disease treatment, providing novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

Persistent current of SU(N) fermions

We study the persistent current in a system of SU(N) fermions with repulsive interaction, confined in a ring-shaped potential and pierced by an effective magnetic flux. Several surprising effects emerge. As a combined result of spin correlations, (effective) magnetic flux and interaction, spinons can be created in the ground state such that the elementary flux quantum can change its nature. The persistent current landscape is affected dramatically by these changes. In particular, it displays a universal behaviour. Despite its mesoscopic character, the persistent current is able to detect a quantum phase transition (from metallic to Mott phases). Most of, if not all, our results could be experimentally probed within the state-of-the-art quantum technology, with neutral matter-wave circuits providing a particularly relevant platform for our work.

Asymmetric cooperative motion in one dimension

We prove distributional convergence for a family of random processes on $\mathbb{Z}$, which we call asymmetric cooperative motions. The model generalizes the "totally asymmetric hipster random walk" introduced in [Addario-Berry, Cairns, Devroye, Kerriou and Mitchell, 2020]. We present a novel approach based on connecting a temporal recurrence relation satisfied by the cumulative distribution functions of the process to the theory of finite difference schemes for Hamilton-Jacobi equations [Crandall and Lyons, 1984]. We also point out some surprising lattice effects that can persist in the distributional limit, and propose several generalizations and directions for future research.

The Effect of Surprise on Reaction Time and Memory and How Broadband Noise Moderates its Effect

The Effect of Surprise on Reaction Time and Memory and How Broadband Noise Moderates its Effect

Evakuacija iz trgovinskih objekata - slučaj objekta DIS u Nišu

Commercial objects present objects with lot of people inside in almost any time moment. The crowds and jams in these objects are very often. Although these objects have a lot of evacuation routes and exits, much of people and stuff in limited space can cause serious problem in evacuation sense, with presence of fear and panic. These and similar objects have clearly noted evacuation routes in the case of emergency, but experience proved that with the surprise effect almost no one pay attention on noted messages and warnings on object's walls, but try to leave the object as soon as possible, very often not paying attention on injured, wounded or unconscious occupants. So, the best way for evacuation is prediction. Optimal prediction can be realized by analyse of as much as possible potential evacuation scenarios. For precise, fast, safe and cheap analyse of evacuation scenarios, routes and calculation of evacuation times, evacuation software is used. One of the best evacuation software is Pathfinder. This paper was written to show the potential evacuation scenarios and calculation of evacuation times in Pathfinder for DIS commercial object in Niš.

Decisions, Decisions, Decisions

Some examples of how missing information (often in the form of randomness) can have surprising effects on decision-making

Natural Extracts of Pistacia atlantica Leaves: a Disinfecting Effect

The goal of this research is to explore if a natural disinfectant can be made to replace the chemical disinfectant (Phenol) using an aqueous extract of Pistacia atlantica leaves. The leaves of the Atlas pistachio tree (Pistacia atlantica), a plant known for its medicinal powers and other uses, have piqued our curiosity. The study compares two techniques for drying Pistacia atlantica leaves: in a convection dryer and in the open air. We examine the effects of convective drying processes on the disinfecting effect of Pistacia atlantica leaves to those of drying in the shade in order to establish the most efficient technique of conservation. The goal of this study is to compare phenolic disinfectants to numerous natural disinfectants extracted from Pistacia atlantica leaves. The disinfectant has a surprising effect on the two bacterial strains investigated; development of Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus is significantly reduced. The influence of convective drying on the disinfecting effect of Pistacia atlantica leaves allowed us to remark that the disinfection effect reported on Salmonella typhimurium is increased after drying; by the first three aerothermal conditions: 40 °C/1, 1.5, and 2.5m3/s. This effect, on the other hand, is durable against Staphylococcus aureus after drying at 40 °C/2.5m3/s (disinfectant 4).

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a bitch caused by recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin treatment of suspected luteal insufficiency – a case report

Two bitches with a history of hypoluteoidism were treated by recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG) in repeated doses during early dioestrus. The level of progesterone increased, but the therapy led to hyperstimulation of the ovaries which resulted in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), with subsequent development of oestrogen toxicity. This is the first case documenting OHSS in a canine after administration of r-hCG. Although manifested during dioestrus in our case report, the occurrence of OHSS is associated with similar administration of r-hCG to women. The described use of r-hCG is not appropriate for luteal insufficiency treatment, but seems to have a place in assisted reproduction technology because of its surprising effects. Further research of luteotrophic factors in bitches is warranted because of these unpredictable results. Lower doses and frequency of administration need to be considered for a better outcome.

Investigation of anticorrosion properties of epoxy GO nanocomposites spin coated Aluminum Alloy 7075

The bisphenol A diglycidyl ether-polyaminoamide (epoxy resin)–graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites have been prepared by chemical methods. The aim of this study is to produce epoxy –GO coatings on Aluminum Alloy 7075 and study the anticorrosion properties. Thin films have been characterized by scanning electron microscope – Energy Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy (EDX) and Raman spectra. Raman spectra show the successful bonding of GO functional groups with epoxy. The composition of epoxy and GO is characterized by EDX. The Tafel plots were undertaken for analysis of corrosion of coating material. Therefore, the reduction of corrosion current of epoxy–GO nanocomposites coated Al alloy 7075 show its superior corrosion resistance properties. This is further confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization. The very high value of low frequency impedance modulus (i.e. 1010 Ω cm2) shows surprising anticorrosive effect on coating. The epoxy–GO spin coating in Al Alloy 7075 is significantly reduces the corrosion current density ( Icorr) and corrosion rate due to anticorrosion properties of GO.

On the ways of expressing irony in simultaneous interpreting

The paper deals with the ways of irony representation in simultaneous interpreting, which is regarded in a broader context with the notions of humour and alogism. The subject is interconnected with the translation quality issue determining the relevance of the research. It is based on the comparative analysis of speeches delivered by politicians, public figures and TV stars in English and their simultaneous interpreting in Russian provided by the second-year students of the corresponding master’s programme. The authors highlight various approaches to the notion irony, such as oppositions theory, The Direct Access Account, The Pretense Theory, Relevant Inappropriateness theory, Graded Salience Model, The Echoic Mention Theory. Kinds of irony and means of its production are reviewed including blame-by-praise, understatement, exaggeration, self-deprecation, creating the effect of surprise, ironic concession and defence. Considered from a cognitive-discursive perspective, the representation of irony in simultaneous interpreting is proved to be a difficulty of understanding the original and objectifying its idea by means of the target language. Irony is revealed to be completely or partially reduced due to the lack of background knowledge, in particular realia, and/or due to the interpreter’s inability to objectify ironic implications. The character of simultaneous interpreting is regarded as a factor complicating the task, because it limits time for comprehending irony and inventing ways to verbalize it. It is discovered that the main strategies of representing irony include exaggeration, understatement and the use of expressive lexicon.

Роман Джо Аберкромби «Красная страна» как фэнтези-вестерн: особенности жанровой природы

The article analyzes the novel Red Country (2012) written by the outstanding modern British fantasy author Joe Abercrombie. All his works can be characterized as postmodern play with genre conventions and genre mixing. Red Country unites the characteristics of the fantasy and the Western – genres that seem to be incompatible. The aim of the article is to look into how the elements of each of the genres are connected in the novel and how they are transformed in this process. The article gives a short overview of the characteristic features of both fantasy and Western based on works by Russian and foreign researchers. The text of Red Country is analyzed at the levels of plot, conflict, characters, setting, values, and ideology. For this novel, inside the already existing world of his books, Abercrombie creates a new territory organized in accordance with the story setting principles of the Western genre. The writer uses a lot of plot devices characteristic of the Western and some elements of a typical Western character, although depriving him of his traditional mysteriousness by employing a character known from his previous novels. However, most of Red Country’s characters do not conform to the stereotypes about Westerns, and the ideas and values conveyed in the novel undermine those of the Western genre. Responsibility, cooperation, freedom, reprehension of violence come in place of order, lawfulness, masculinity, and self-sufficiency. Such values are much more typical for the fantasy in general and for Abercrombie’s works specifically. The number of Western clichés in the novel itself indicates their unusual interpretation by the author. At the plot level, these shifts create a game with the reader, who is provoked to predict the outcome of events basing on his knowledge of the Western genre. Such expectations are often not met, which creates a strong effect of surprise and arouses more interest in the plot.

Nanotechnologies Brooding Smart and Economic Green Architecture

More than six decades ago, surprising nanotechnologies with its so effective dynamic research became the passage for approaching a dream of existing smart and economic tools with its accuracy of synergy. Nanotechnologies, currently, cover a multinomial discipline including construction industry. However, an economic assessment , proved that nanotechnology has a significant impact for resulting smart and economic construction. However, architecture as a core field in construction industry became more sustainable with nanotechnologies and their applications through the use of nanomaterial brooding smart and economic buildings that are so friendly with the hoped healthy environment. This results in green architecture with high durability, performance, energy efficiency, and safety. That green architecture having smart components with their self-senses, self-repairing and self-cleaning results in friendly usage and optimum sustainability. This paper highlights on the surprising effectiveness of nanotechnologies as a brooding facility for smart and economic green architecture

Behavioral evidence of a harmonic surprise effect on preference in popular music

• Listeners prefer stimuli with moderate increases in harmonic surprise • Moderate increases in both absolute and contrastive surprise lead to increased preference • Participants with increased consistency in responses are more likely to prefer increases in • contrastive surprise • Using novel stimuli, controlling for other factors, there is evidence of increased harmonic • surprise causing preference, as opposed to correlations shown in previous studies Recent statistical studies have suggested a relationship between increased harmonic surprise and music preference. Conclusive behavioral evidence to establish this relationship is still lacking. We set out to address this gap through a behavioral study using computer-generated stimuli designed to differ only in contrastive and absolute harmonic surprise. We produced the stimuli with both experimental control and ecological validity in mind by engaging the help of studio musicians. The stimuli were rated for preference by 84 participants (44 female, 40 male) between 18 to 65 years old. Participants rated items featuring moderately increased absolute and contrastive surprise significantly higher than items with lower harmonic surprise. This effect applied only to levels of surprise within a range typically found in popular music, however. Excessive surprises did not yield an increase in preference. We discuss different mechanisms of consistency and how they may mediate the selection of neural strategies leading to preference formation. These findings provide evidence of a causal behavioral relationship between harmonic surprise and music preference.

The influence of humor in advertising: Explaining the effects of humor in two‐sided messsages

AbstractResearch on advertising containing negative information, such as two‐sided messages, has neglected the potential of including humor in the advertisements, although both theory and practical examples suggest that humor might help to sell negative information. This paper presents the results from three studies that showed that humor can increase the persuasive influence of two‐sided advertising due to a positive surprise effect. However, it can also reduce this effect for high‐involvement consumers due to a negative distraction effect. Because two‐sided advertising is particularly effective in targeting high‐involvement consumers, this study established humor–product fit as a boundary condition to help mitigate the negative effects on high‐involvement consumers who are exposed to two‐sided advertising messages. When the fit between product and humor is high, the persuasiveness of two‐sided advertising for high‐involvement consumers increases. The study's findings have implications for theory and for the practice of including negative information in advertising. Humor can be applied in two‐sided advertising if consumers are highly involved and the humor is appropriate to the product.

Sports Participation and Value of Elite Sports in Predicting Well-Being.

This work contributes to an emerging literature focused on the role of physical activity on the subjective well-being of populations. Unlike the existing literature, it proposes an approach that uses algorithms to predict subjective well-being. The aims of this study were to determine the relative importance of sports participation and perceived value of elite sports on the subjective well-being of individuals. A total of 511 participants completed an online questionnaire. The statistical analysis used several machine learning techniques, including three algorithms, Decision Tree Classifier (DTC), Random Forest Classifier (RFC), and Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC). In the three algorithms tested, sports participation, expressed as the weekly frequency and the time spent engaging in vigorous physical activity, showed a greater importance (between 47% and 53%) in determining subjective well-being. It also highlights the effect of perceived value of elite sport on the prediction of subjective well-being. This study provides evidence for public sport policy makers/authorities and for managers of physical activity and sport development programs. The surprising effect of the perceived value of elite sport on the prediction of subjective well-being.

The Effect of Nurse Aide Retention on Ohio's Nursing Home Resident Care Experience Scores: A Facility-Level Analysis

The objective of the study was to analyze whether higher nurse aide retention was related to better resident care experiences using an overall score and seven domain scores among a sample of Ohio nursing homes. The 2017 Ohio Biennial Survey of Long-Term Care Facilities was used in combination with the 2017 Ohio Nursing Home Resident Satisfaction Survey. These data were merged with the Ohio Medicaid Cost Report, Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reports, LTC Focus, Area Health Resource File, Rural Urban Commuting Area data, and Payroll-based Journal Public Use Files. The analytic sample (N=690) represents freestanding facilities with a full-year cost report. The analysis included means and frequencies, ANOVAs with Tukey adjustments, and linear regressions that controlled for heteroskedasticity. Quartiles of the CNA retention rate were used to define four groups: low, medium, high, and extremely high. After controlling for facility and county characteristics, facilities with high CNA retention (61-72%) had significantly higher overall resident care experience scores by 1.27 percentage points and better environment scores by 1.35 percentage points compared to those with low CNA retention (0-48%). Medium retention (49-60%) also had significantly better environment scores than low retention. Compared to the high retention group, facilities with extremely high retention (73%+) had significantly lower scores for the overall resident care experience, facility culture, caregivers, and spending time. Maintaining a high retention rate of CNAs is important, but there were surprising negative effects from having extremely high retention potentially due to high burnout or poor person-job fit.

Reverse flows and flattening of a submerged jet under the action of a transverse magnetic field

The application of a transverse magnetic field to a turbulent free jet can not be reduced to a damping or smearing effect. A detailed analysis shows surprising effects such as the development of two strong reverse jet flow zones adjacent to the main jet (flowing upward in the picture).

La saisie emotive du kairos avec des enfants : entre acte philosophique et geste didactique

Emotional Grasping of the Kairos in Children Talk: between Philosophical Act and Didactical Gesture. An essential gesture of animating a philosophical dialogue with children consists in grasping within their talk, an opportune word or turn of phrase, the kairos, and bouncing off it to advance reasoning. Based on the analysis of expert practices, we propose a typology of the emotional grasp of Kairos that reflects the tension between investigative and educational aims in these exchanges. Beyond the effect of surprise, regulation makes it possible to welcome and share one's emotions and to make them evolve into wonder, astonishment or doubt. Such trajectories are decisive for the future of the new idea. But other reactions are frequent, offering other opportunities for the current activity and children training in the long term. Keywords: educational dialogue, emotional regulation, kairos, opportunity, philosophical inquiry.

P-Curve analysis of autonomous and controlling motivation priming effects supports their evidential value

Extant literature consistently demonstrates the level of self-determination individuals experience or demonstrate during an activity can be primed. However, considering most of this literature comes from a period wherein p-hacking was prevalent (pre-2015), it may be that these effects reflect false positives. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether published literature showing autonomous and controlling motivation priming effects contain evidential value or not. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant priming research, while set rules determined which effects from each study would be used in p-curve analysis. Two p-curves including 33 effects each were constructed. P-curve analyses, even after excluding surprising effects (e.g., effects large in magnitude), demonstrated that literature showing autonomous and controlling motivation priming effects contained evidential value. The present findings support prior literature suggesting the effects of autonomous and controlling motivation primes exist at the population level. They also reduce (but do not eliminate) concerns from broader psychology that p-hacking may underlie reported effects.