Surface Properties Of Materials Research Articles

Effects of using mobile devices compared to reading books while defecating

This research paper investigates the comparative effects of using mobile devices versus reading books while defecating like the pre-technology period, with a specific focus on the microbial contamination associated with each activity. The study includes experiments conducted to analyse microbial surfacing on toilet seats and mobile devices, as well as books, to understand the hygiene implications of these common bathroom practices. In recent years, the integration of mobile devices into daily routines has extended to their use in the bathroom, a trend that has raised concerns about potential health risks and hygiene practices. Previous studies have primarily focused on the psychological and physical effects of prolonged bathroom usage; however, there is a paucity of research examining the microbial aspects of this behaviour. Our study addresses this gap by employing microbial surfacing techniques to quantify the levels of bacteria and other microorganisms present on toilet seats, mobile devices, and books used during defecation. Results indicate that mobile devices exhibit significantly higher levels of microbial contamination compared to books, which can be attributed to their frequent handling and surface material properties. Additionally, the findings suggest that individuals who use mobile devices in the bathroom may be at a higher risk of transferring harmful microbes to their hands, faces, and other surfaces, thereby increasing the potential for infection and illness. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for public health and personal hygiene practices and recommends strategies to mitigate the risks associated with bathroom device usage. By shedding light on the hygienic consequences of using mobile devices versus reading books while defecating, this research contributes to a broader understanding of how modern technology impacts health and daily life.

Designing sandwich-zigzag multilayered TiN coatings for corrosion-erosion coupling damage protection

Coatings are utilized to enhance the surface properties of materials. This study aimed to modify the TiN coating with a novel sandwich-zigzag intermediate layer and delve into the intricate damage mechanisms under harsh corrosion-erosion coupling environments. Due to the infiltration of NaCl into the coating and the subsequent formation of TiO2, the sandwich-zigzag TiN coatings exhibited a reduction in mechanical behavior and erosion resistance when exposed to salt spray at 550 °C for 50 h. Moreover, the erosion rates of the as-corroded TiN coatings displayed an opposite trend compared to that of the as-deposited coatings, showing that the erosion rate was highest at the erosion angle of 30°. Nevertheless, the presence of the zigzag-TiN intermediate layer benefited the coating by preventing stress accumulation and heterogeneous interface. This ultimately improved the erosion resistance of the coatings by more than 2 times at universal erosion angle compared to that of the substrates under the synergistic effects of corrosion and erosion.

Impact of plasma-modified pretreatment on the tensile properties of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites

Abstract Low-temperature jet plasma modification technology is a surface treatment method designed to enhance the surface properties of materials without causing severe thermal damage. This technique modifies surface characteristics by creating plasma and utilizing ions and reactive groups within the plasma to chemically interact with the material’s surface. In this study, surface modification of carbon fibers was carried out by using low-temperature jet mixed oxygen plasma technology at treatment speeds of 25 mm/s, 50 mm/s, 100 mm/s, and 200 mm/s. Following the modification process, carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites were fabricated by using a hand-lay-up technique. Subsequently, the tensile properties of the carbon fiber composites were tested to evaluate the impact of the plasma treatment on their mechanical performance. The experimental results demonstrated a significant enhancement in the tensile properties of the composites when the carbon fibers were pretreated at a rate of 50 mm/s. This enhancement was evidenced by an impressive increase of 82.38% in tensile strength and 30.96% in tensile modulus compared to untreated samples. This signifies that low-temperature plasma treatment has a beneficial effect on enhancing the surface properties of carbon fibers and improving the performance of composites. This finding provides substantial support for the extensive application of carbon fiber composites.

Fabrication of SiO2/PDMS/EP superhydrophobic coating for anti-icing

In low-temperature environments, the condensation and icing phenomena of water molecules on material surfaces may adversely affect the functionality and durability of various products, so it is critical to improve the anti-icing properties of material surfaces. In this study, the anti-icing mechanism of superhydrophobic coatings was analyzed based on the surface wettability theory, and SiO2/PDMS/EP superhydrophobic coating was fabricated by the spraying method. The surface wettability, surface micro-morphology, and surface chemical composition of the coating was characterized, and the stability of the coating as well as the anti-icing properties were investigated. The results show that the SiO2/PDMS/EP superhydrophobic coating sprayed on the Al-based surface has a contact angle of 163.3° and a sliding angle of 4°, and the coating maintains excellent superhydrophobicity at a low temperature of -15°. This coating can significantly delay the freezing time and temperature of droplets on its surface, reduce the shear force and natural deicing time required to remove surface ice, and exhibit excellent anti-icing performance. The excellent anti-icing durability of the coating was demonstrated by the icing-deicing cycle experiment. Subsequently, the anti-frosting performance was further investigated, and the results showed that it effectively slowed down the speed of frost formation. Therefore, the superhydrophobic coating fabricated in this study is suitable for a wide range of working conditions and has potential practicality. It also provides experimental guidance for the application of anti-icing coatings on Al surfaces.

An In Vitro Analysis of the Effects of Mouthwashes on the Surface Properties of Composite Resin Restorative Material.

Restorative composite resins have clinical prime importance in modern dental practice, but numerous factors influence their prognosis in the oral environment. Their interaction with oral care products, like mouthwashes, is one such factor. This study aimed to evaluate the quantifiable effects of different mouthwashes on the surface properties of the composite resin restorative material. The method involved formulating 90 samples of nanohybrid composite resins (Medicept Dental India Private Limited, Mumbai, India). The samples were treated with 1% alcohol, without alcohol, and with a saline solution (control). Surface roughness (Ra values) and microhardness had been checked before and after an exposure period of 24 hours. Data were thus tabulated, and from that, average values of surface roughness and microhardness were derived. This data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, V. 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a t-test were used to compare the means of the variables. The level of significance was fixed at p < 0.05. The surface roughness value was significantly highest in the ethanol-containing mouthwash-treated samples after 24 hours of exposure (p < 0.05). The microhardness was statistically lower in these samples (p < 0.05). These research data give quantitative information, however, about the mass effect of mouthwashes on the composite resin restorative material. The presented changes, which were illustrated by the values of surface roughness and microhardness, are drawing attention to the fact that a cautious approach must be taken in the recommendations for oral care in the provision of intensive treatments with restorative composite resins.

Transforming a mixture of real post-consumer plastic waste into activated carbon for biogas upgrading

Plastic waste management is a current environmental issue that demands potential solutions since complete mechanical recycling is limited to the complexity and feasibility regarding the quality and purity of plastic waste. Pyrolysis has emerged as a reasonable solution for the recycling of those fractions that are not further suitable for recycling. Although the implementation of this technology is mature, the generated solid fraction or char has not been completely inserted in the closed loop of plastic recycling. This work explores the possibility of using the carbonaceous char as a precursor for the preparation of porous activated carbons for environmental application as CO2 adsorbent and biogas upgrading. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature (450 or 500 ºC) on the obtained chars has been assessed for the benefits in the second stage of chemical activation, exploring the possibility of the use of diverse chemical agents. The composition, textural, and surface properties of the porous materials were characterized. N2 isotherms showed that the char prepared at 500 ºC provided the best textural properties with a performance of K2CO3 ∼ KOH > Na2CO3 > NaOH > ZnCl2 > FeCl3. Isotherms of CO2 adsorption showed that the activation with K2CO3 displayed the best uptake (130.2 mg g−1 at 273 K), closely followed by KOH (125.0 mg g−1 at 273 K), also confirmed by dynamic tests in a fixed bed column configuration. The uptake was well correlated with the ultramicropore volume and the oxygenated functional groups. The CO2 and CH4 adsorption were studied either in static or dynamic assays. The behavior of the sample activated with K2CO3 was studied in detail in column tests, suggesting that the activated material exhibits promising behavior for biogas upgrading.

In vitro antifungal and physicochemical properties of polymerized acrylic resin containing strontium-modified phosphate-based glass

Acrylic resins are widely used as the main components in removable orthodontic appliances. However, poor oral hygiene and maintenance of orthodontic appliances provide a suitable environment for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, strontium-modified phosphate-based glass (Sr-PBG) was added to orthodontic acrylic resin at 0% (control), 3.75%, 7.5%, and 15% by weight to evaluate the surface and physicochemical properties of the novel material and its in vitro antifungal effect against Candida albicans (C. albicans). Surface microhardness and contact angle did not vary between the control and 3.75% Sr-PBG groups (p > 0.05), and the flexural strength was lower in the experimental groups than in the control group (p < 0.05), but no difference was found with Sr-PBG content (p > 0.05). All experimental groups showed an antifungal effect at 24 and 48 h compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that 3.75% Sr-PBG exhibits antifungal effects against C. albicans along with suitable physicochemical properties, which may help to minimize the risk of adverse effects associated with harmful microbial living on removable orthodontic appliances and promote the use of various materials.

Construction of a novel OS/BiVO4 catalyst for enhancing the photocatalytic degradation performance of sulfonamide

Exploiting of high-value-added environmental materials related to oily sludge (OS) is an important development direction for OS resource utilization. A series of OS/BiVO4 catalysts were synthesized by activation-pyrolysis and hydrothermal methods. Photocatalytic performance was estimated through sulfanilamide (SA) degradation (SA) under visible light irradiation. The OS/BiVO4–20% has the best photodegradation ability for SA. The degradation rate of SA was about 97.8% after six hours of visible light irradiation. The first-order kinetics degradation rate constants of OS/BiVO4–20% for SA is 8.3 times that of pure BiVO4. The radical quenching and ESR experiments reveal that the hole (h+) and hydroxyl radical (·OH) were the primary active species for SA photocatalytic degradation. The presence of OS and H2O2 can significantly improve the charge separation efficiency, and inhibit electron-hole complexes, thereby extending the lifetime of electron carriers and producing many active hydroxyl radicals and holes on the surface of catalyst particles. Due to the introduction of OS, OS/BiVO4 has good texture properties and high oxygen absorption content, which is also conducive to the photodegradation of SA. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), in combination with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), indicated that the C–N (1351 cm-1), CC (1450 cm-1), SO2–N (1116 or 1182 cm-1), and N–H (1636 cm-1) groups can change in turn during the catalytic degradation process. This work improves the surface properties of BiVO4 semiconductor materials by introducing OS, thereby increasing the photodegradation efficiency of BiVO4 catalysts against antibiotics, which provides valuable insights into the design of next-generation photocatalysts.

Surface Roughness Examination of Glass Ionomer Restorative Cements Treated with Acidic and Basic Pediatric Medications: An In Vitro Study.

Consumption of different types of beverages and liquid drugs can affect of the surface properties of restorative material. This may lead to an increased probability of dental caries and periodontal inflammation. This study evaluated and compared the effect of amoxicillin suspension (AMS) and azithromycin suspension (AZS) on the surface roughness (SR) of silver-reinforced glass ionomer (SGI) and nano resin-modified glass ionomer (NGI). Thirty disks (2 mm height × 4 mm diameter) of each glass ionomer (GI) type were prepared and subdivided into three groups (n = 10), which were separately exposed to AMS, AZS, and artificial saliva (AS). SR was evaluated by atomic force microscopy before and after three-immersion protocols repeated over a 3-week duration with 2-day intervals. In each protocol, the GI samples were exposed weekly to AMS three times daily, AZS once daily, and a full day to AS. This study demonstrated, for the first time, the effect of a basic drug (AZS) on the SR of GIs. Intra- and inter-group comparisons showed significant changes (P ˂ 0.05) in the SR pattern of the GIs after immersion cycles in AZS, AMS, and AS. However, the acidic medication (AMS) exhibited significantly higher changes in SGI than in NGI. The SR of NGIs and SGIs can be significantly affected by the use of AMS and AZS suspensions. SGI demonstrated higher SR deterioration than NGI after immersion cycles in AMS.

Micro- and Nanoengineered Metal Additively Manufactured Surfaces for Enhanced Anti-Frosting Applications.

The greater geometrical design freedom offered by additive manufacturing (AM) as compared to the conventional manufacturing method has attracted increasing interest in AM to develop innovative and complex designs for enhanced performance. However, the difference in material composition and surface properties from conventional alloys has made surface micro-/nanostructuring of AM metals challenging. Frost accretion is a safety hazard in numerous engineering applications. To expand the application of AM, this study experimentally investigates the antifrosting performance of superhydrophobic and slippery lubricant-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) generated on AM alloy, AlSi10Mg. By strategically utilizing the subgrain structure in the metallography of the AM alloy, the functionalized superhydrophobic AM surface featuring hierarchical structures was shown to greatly reduce frost formation as compared to functionalized single-tier structured surfaces, hierarchical structures formed on conventional aluminum alloy surfaces, and SLIPSs. Optical observation of frost propagation demonstrated that the mechanism of frost delay is governed by the inhibition of spontaneous droplet freezing through exceptional Cassie state stability during condensation frosting. The Cassie stability results from the unique AM structure morphology, which creates a higher structural energy barrier to prevent condensate from infiltrating the cavities. This phenomenon also enables the formation of a high surface-to-droplet thermal resistance, which eliminates spontaneous droplet freezing down to a -15 °C surface temperature. Our work demonstrates a scalable structuring method for AM metals, which can result in delayed frost formation, and it also provides guidelines for the development of engineered surfaces requiring the antifrosting function for several industries.

Superhydrophobic performance of aluminum textured with a picosecond laser

Aluminum is a common and light engineering metal with high strength, good processability, corrosion resistance, high electrical conductivity, and strong recyclability, properties that allow its wide use in different fields. Strengthening the surface properties of aluminum materials can not only enable aluminum materials to be applied to complex environments but also extend their service life. In this study, two kinds of micro–nano structures—unidirectional micro-grooves and grid micro-grooves—were prepared on the surface of 1060 aluminum using picosecond-laser direct etching, so that its surface can attain superhydrophobic properties and enhance its application performance. The effect of the scanning interval of picosecond laser on the hydrophobic performance was investigated, and the findings indicate that the hydrophobic properties are most effective by using scanning interval of 20 μm. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) analyses revealed the formation of a micro-nano structure resembling nanoflower particles on the laser-treated aluminum surface, which contributed to increased surface roughness. EDS analysis indicated an increase in carbon (C) content, likely due to the adsorption of organic molecules from the air, which further promoted hydrophobicity. X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provided insights into the surface chemistry and the presence of various elements and compounds. The superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces demonstrated remarkable stability and self-cleaning capabilities, desirable traits for many practical applications. This study provides a simple and rapid method for preparing superhydrophobic materials on aluminum surfaces and has potential practical application value.This innovation paves the way for the development of high-performance aluminum materials suitable for a wide range of environments and uses.

Prospects of coating application for improving surface properties of cast composite materials

Foundry production is a versatile industry that allows the production of products of almost any configuration and geometric dimensions. These products can be made from materials based on various metals and alloys, bimetallics, and composite materials. The obtained products can have uniform or gradient properties. However, to obtain a product with significantly different properties on the surface and in the volume from the casting, it is expedient to apply coatings with desired properties on the castings that complement the properties, allowing the improvement of coating performance. The paper focuses on the production of cast composite materials with improved surface properties. Various types of coatings based on high‑entropy alloys, cermets, polymers, carbon nanotubes, capable of enhancing the properties of cast composite materials, are considered. The classification and peculiarities of applying these coatings on the surface of composite materials are presented. The prospects of using these coatings to improve the properties of cast composite materials are shown.

Evaluation of wear resistance and surface properties of additively manufactured restorative dental materials

ObjectivesTo evaluate the wear resistance of three additively manufactured dental crown materials (NextDent C&B MFH, Saremco print CROWNTEC and Bego VarseoSmile Crown) under two environmental conditions (dry and artificial saliva), two loads (49 N and 70 N) and two surface treatments (polished and glazed). MethodsA total of 120 specimens were divided into 24 groups and tested for wear under two loads (49 N and 70 N), surface treatment (polished or glazed), and environment (dry or submerged in artificial saliva). All samples underwent reciprocating wear testing at 1 Hz using a wear simulator, replicating 48 months of In Vivo conditions with a stainless-steel ball as the antagonist. The coefficient of friction (CoF), surface roughness, volumetric and vertical wear loss were measured and statistically analysed. Confocal microscopy assessed the surface properties of crown materials and the antagonists. ResultsThe NextDent material demonstrated the most homogenous wear, with relatively low vertical and volumetric loss across all groups (p < 0.004). NextDent and Bego materials performed similarly in artificial saliva regardless of the load type (p > 1.000). The CoF remained below 0.3 for all groups. All groups exhibited significant increases in surface roughness after testing, however, this did not correlate with an increase in the CoF. Confocal analysis revealed material deformities due to load and notable scratch marks on the stainless-steel antagonists. ConclusionIt was found that all investigated addtively manufactured materials can be suggested for provisional use. Both vertical loss and volumetric loss results should be included for material evaluation. CoF and surface roughness should be implemented into wear evaluation. Clinical significanceThis study highlights the practical value of additively manufactured dental crown materials, particularly for provisional restorations. However, their extended use requires careful consideration of individual patient needs, emphasising the need for judicious clinical application evaluation.

Biofunctionalisation strategies of material surface and the inspired biological effects for bone repair

AbstractDue to trauma and disease, bone defects endanger the healthy life of human beings. At present, the gold standard for bone defect repair is still autologous bone transplantation and allogeneic bone transplantation. However, its insufficient source, potential disease transmission and immune rejection limit its clinical application. Therefore, the development of bone repair materials plays an important role in promoting bone repair. As the interface between material and tissue, the surface of the material plays an important role in the reaction after implantation, which determines the effectiveness of defect repair treatment. With the development of surface engineering and technology, bone repair materials have developed from biological inertia to biological activity by endowing various biological functions by controlling the composition, topological morphology and structure of the material surface etc. The inspired biofunctionalisation of material surface includes the capacities of inducing osteogenesis, promoting angiogenesis, antibacterial, immune regulation etc., as well as integration of postoperative repair and treatment. The authors review the biofunctionalisation of biomaterial surface and the inspired biological effects for bone repair, mainly including physical and chemical properties of material surface to regulate osteogenesis, and functional strategy of bone repair material surface.

Radiation-induced cross-linking polymerization: Recent developments for coating and composite applications

Abstract Radiation-initiated cross-linking polymerization of multifunctional monomers is an attractive method used for drying solvent-free liquid coatings, inks, and adhesive as well as for fabricating high-performance composite materials. The method offers a number of advantages compared with thermal curing processes. Free radical and cationic polymerization have been investigated in detail over the past years. A high degree of control over curing kinetics and material properties can be exerted by adjusting the composition of matrix precursors and/or by acting on the process parameters (overall dose, dose rate, dose increment, initial temperature). Several pending issues that require deeper investigations are as follows: (i) the fast polymerization of multifunctional monomers generates micro-heterogeneous networks requiring detailed characterization and quantification by microscopic, thermal, and spectroscopic analyses; (ii) the adhesion and surface properties of radiation-cured coatings are quite sensitive to processing parameters; and (iii) significant enhancement of the toughness is needed to qualify potential matrices based on simple difunctional monomers for high-performance composites. Recent results show that the bulk and surface properties of radiation-cured materials can be improved by advanced formulation of matrix precursors and by a parametric study of the processing factors.

Ultrathin Al2O3 film modification on waterborne epoxy coatings by atomic layer deposition for augmenting the corrosion resistance

The polar channels formed by the curing of waterborne anticorrosive coatings compromise their water resistance, leading to coating degradation and metal corrosion. To enhance the anticorrosive performance of waterborne coatings, this study proposed a novel method of depositing ultrathin Al2O3 films on the surface of waterborne epoxy coatings by atomic layer deposition, a technique that can modify the surface properties of polymer materials by depositing functional films. The Al2O3-modified coatings exhibited improved sealing and barrier properties by closing the polar channels and surface defects and cracks. The surface structure and morphology of the modified coatings were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The hydrophilicity and corrosion resistance of the modified coatings were evaluated by water contact angle measurement, Tafel polarization curve, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicated that the water contact angle of the Al2O3-modified coating increased by 48° compared to the unmodified coating, and the protection efficiency of the modified coating reached 99.81%. The Al2O3-modified coating demonstrated high anticorrosive efficiency and potential applications for metal anticorrosion in harsh marine environments.

Evaluating surface mechanical properties and wear resistance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy subjected to ultrasonic pulsed waterjet peening

The alloy Ti–6Al–4V is widely utilized in various industrial applications, yet its inherent susceptibility to mechanical wear and friction has led to performance limitations. Addressing this, surface modification techniques have been employed to improve material surface properties. Among these, ultrasonic pulsed waterjet (UPWJ) peening emerges as a viable solution due to its ability to improve surface characteristics without causing excessive plastic deformation, unwanted thermal effects, or surface contamination. This study is focused on the influence of UPWJ peening parameters, particularly traverse speeds ranging from 200 to 1000 mm/s, on wrought Ti–6Al–4V (grade 5). Comprehensive characterization encompassed surface roughness, scratch hardness, and reciprocating wear analysis. Post-test examinations, including FE-SEM, CLSM, and EDS were employed to provide detailed microstructural and elemental insights. The results revealed that traverse speeds between 800 and 1000 mm/s yielded a remarkable 55 % enhancement in scratch hardness. Additionally, wear behavior exhibited a correlation with UPWJ traverse speed; notably, a speed of 900 mm/s indicated a 12 % improvement in wear resistance under a 40 N load. This research highlights the interplay relationship between UPWJ peening parameters and Ti–6Al–4V's wear performance, contributing to its broader understanding and application potential.

Development of New Polyimide/Spirulina Hybrid Materials: Preparation and Characterization

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of polyimide (PI-2) films incorporated with spirulina powder for potential biomedical applications. The synthesis of PI-2 was achieved through a two-step polycondensation reaction using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent. The incorporation of spirulina was systematically varied to investigate its effects on the structural and surface properties of the hybrid materials. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a tightly bound interface between spirulina and the PI-2 matrix, indicating effective dispersion and strong interfacial adhesion. Profilometry and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the homogeneous integration of spirulina within the polymer matrix, with resulting variations in surface roughness and chemistry. Contact angle measurements demonstrated altered wettability characteristics, with increased hydrophilicity observed with spirulina incorporation. Furthermore, blood component interaction studies indicated the variations in adhesion behavior observed for red blood cells, platelets, and plasma proteins. Water uptake studies revealed enhanced absorption capacity in PI-2 films loaded with spirulina, highlighting their potential suitability for applications requiring controlled hydration. Overall, this comprehensive characterization elucidates the potential of PI-2/spirulina hybrid materials for diverse biomedical applications, offering tunable properties that can be tailored to specific requirements.

Optimized 2D Bi[formula omitted]Se[formula omitted] thickness for broadband, high-performance, self-powered 2D/3D heterojunction photodetectors with multispectral imaging capability

The hybrid 2D/3D heterostructure, which synergistically combine the high surface area and superior surface properties of 2D materials with the volumetric advantages and mechanical stability of 3D materials, offer an efficient and unique platform for electronic, optoelectronic, and energy conversion applications. Although this structure offers numerous advantages, optimizing the performance of 2D/3D heterojunction devices still faces challenges such as interface control difficulty, doping uniformity, and scalability for mass production. To simplify and effectively optimize the performance of 2D/3D heterojunction devices, this study delves into the impact of the thickness of 2D Bi2Se3 films on the performance of Bi2Se3/GaN heterojunction photodetectors. In thinner Bi2Se3 films, a higher surface defect density increases carrier recombination efficiency, while in thicker films, an increase in internal defects impedes carrier transport. Our findings reveal an optimal film thickness that balances surface and internal defects, enhancing carrier dynamics and device performance. Remarkably, the Bi2Se3 (14.8 nm)/GaN heterojunction detector exhibits superior broadband response from ultraviolet to near-infrared, with a maximum responsivity of 0.07 A/W, a detectivity of 1.79 × 1012 Jones, and an on/off ratio of 1.02 × 104. Additionally, the device demonstrates prolonged stability in response and multispectral imaging capability. This research not only underscores the critical role of film thickness in modulating device performance but also provides novel theoretical and practical guidance for designing high-performance, self-powered, broadband heterojunction photodetectors, offering significant implications for scientific research and practical applications.

Influence of Laser Treatment of Ti6Al4V on the Behavior of Biological Cells.

This article explores the enhancement of material surface properties of Ti6Al4V, potentially applicable to dental implants, through ultra-short pulse laser systems. This study investigates potential connections between surface wettability and biocompatibility, addressing the challenge of improving variability in material properties with specific laser treatment. Several designed microstructures were manufactured using a picosecond laser system. After that, the wettability of these structures was measured using the sessile drop method. The basic behavior and growth activity of biological cells (MG-63 cell line) on treated surfaces were also analyzed. While the conducted tests did not conclusively establish correlations between wettability and biocompatibility, the results indicated that laser treatment of Ti6Al4V could effectively enlarge the active surface to better biological cell colonization and adhesion and provide a focused moving orientation. This outcome suggests the potential application of laser treatment in producing special dental implants to mitigate the issues during and following implantation.