Supply Chain Network System Research Articles

Low-carbon scheduling of integrated hydrogen transport and energy system

The joint consideration of hydrogen supply chain networks and electric power systems can promote hydrogen-fueled transportation and the penetration of renewable energy. This paper develops a low-carbon scheduling approach for an Integrated Hydrogen Transport and Energy System (IHTES). To reduce carbon emissions, the environmental cost from the hydrogen supply chain network and electric power system is jointly minimized with the operational cost of IHTES. To consider the timeliness of hydrogen deliveries, hydrogen transport via tube trailers is innovatively modeled as an extended vehicle routing problem with time windows, and delays are penalized. The scheduling problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming problem so that it can be efficiently solved using the branch-and-cut method. Case studies illustrate and validate the proposed model, and demonstrate the computational efficiency of our approach. Carbon emissions are reduced by 47.8% when the emission cost is co-optimized with the operational cost. The operational cost of the hydrogen supply chain network is reduced by 7.3% when the timeliness of hydrogen deliveries is modeled.

Carbon Reduction Subsidy, Remanufacturing Subsidy or Consumer Recycling Subsidy? A Low-Carbon Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Operation Decision

To promote carbon emission reduction and resource reuse, this study is devoted to studying the impact of government subsidy policies on the operation decision of a low-carbon closed-loop supply chain system. In the production stage, governments can use carbon reduction subsidies and remanufacturing subsidies to reduce the green behavior costs of manufacturers; in the recycling stage, governments can use consumer recycling subsidies to increase the recycling willingness of consumers. In this study, we introduce these three subsidy policies into the target function of the subsidized members. Using the Nash non-cooperative game and variational inequality, we developed a low-carbon supply chain network equilibrium model to examine the impact of subsidy policies on the system operation decision. The results show that, under the three subsidy policies, raising the subsidy level can help to improve the recycling rate, promote the reduction in carbon emissions and improve the profits of retailers; however, manufacturers’ incomes increase only when the carbon reduction subsidy level is below a certain threshold. Notably, under the coexistence of three subsidy policies, the carbon reduction subsidy policy has a more significant impact on the system. Finally, the numerical results show that, when the subsidy level is higher than six, although the increase in carbon reduction subsidy level leads to a decrease in the profits of manufacturers, this policy has the best contribution to the environmental benefits of the system. Our results can serve as guidelines for governments when designing the optimal subsidy programs to achieve the ultimate goal of establishing an environmentally friendly supply chain network system.

Green innovation output in the supply chain network with environmental information disclosure: An empirical analysis of Chinese listed firms

Supply chain networks affect the ability of firms to obtain resources, and to meet the requirements of sustainable development, firms further seek green innovation from supply chain networks. Based on this context, we construct a supply chain network system, explore the influence of supply chain network power and network cohesion on corporate green innovation output, and discuss the potential moderating effect of corporate environmental information disclosure. We use an empirical sample comprising 1048 A-share listed firms in China from 2012 to 2019 to construct a supply chain network for focal firms. We also develop the focal firms' environmental information disclosure index via the environmental information revealed in the firms' annual and corporate social responsibility reports. Negative binomial model regression is adopted to analyse how supply chain network structures affect green innovation output. Our results show that both the network power and cohesion of the supply chain network positively influence corporate green innovation output, but the interaction of network power and cohesion negatively affects corporate green innovation, which suggests that excessive green knowledge and information can overload focal firms and reduce the efficiency of knowledge and information search. Furthermore, the empirical results indicate that environmental information disclosure positively moderates the relationship between network power and green innovation output as well as that between network cohesion and green innovation output. By analysing the factors influencing corporate green innovation output from a network perspective, we provide new guidance for sustainable corporate development.

The Importance Evaluation of Weighted Supply Chain Network Nodes Based on Big Data Considering the Degree of Coupling and Coordination

Through big data and computer intelligent software, it is possible to quickly and accurately calculate the supply chain coordination relationship between global enterprises, and due to comprehensively, quickly and objectively assess the importance and stability of each node in the supply chain network where the company is located in the wave of supply chain globalization, it is convenient for decision makers to effectively and accurately identify the key nodes in the supply chain network system, thereby improving the supply chain of the stability and sustainability of the network. The paper proposes an improved comprehensive evaluation method of weighted node entropy weight based on coupling coordination, supply chain and complex network theories, taking into account the coupling and coordination of nodes in the supply chain network system, as well as the importance and connection of nodes. The importance of edges. With the mining and support of big data technology, this improved method can comprehensively and objectively evaluate the importance of nodes in the supply chain network. Finally, taking 2827 companies as examples, the experimental results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the method.

Supply chain security evaluation model and index system based on a 5G information system.

Currently, the supply chain management model has been widely adopted worldwide. Internationally renowned companies such as IBM and Walmart have made significant achievements in supply chain management and have played a greater role in promoting the growth of their interests. However, while they are enjoying their own interests, they are also facing various risks in the supply chain. From the perspective of systems engineering, this paper uses complex network theory as a research tool to study supply chain networks and systematically study the important issues of supply chain network risks. This paper analyzes the new characteristics of the relationship between enterprises and suppliers in the supply chain and which indicators should be selected as the basis for evaluating suppliers from the perspective of cooperation and development, which more comprehensively reflects the characteristics of the new enterprise–supplier relationship in the supply chain environment. This highlights the evaluation of the supplier’s cooperation ability and development ability. Aiming at the problem of supply chain network system identification and integrated evaluation, a supply chain security evaluation model and index system research framework model are proposed, and the intercompany business risk and supply chain in supply chain network evaluation are introduced. As a model for evaluating transition parameters, the study of supply chain risk propagation introduces the theory of dynamic propagation in complex networks, the law of evolution, and the supplier's dynamic supply chain risk model. The experimental results of this paper show that when the global reputation value is 0.5 and the local reputation value is 0.8 and 0.7, the trust degree changes with the change of the confidence factor; when the value of the confidence factor decreases, the degree of trust converges more and more to the global reputation and vice versa. It can be seen that this model has high feasibility.

A robust multi-objective optimization model for sustainable closed-loop supply chain network design under demand uncertainty

At this stage, the clothing logistics industry still has some shortcomings in terms of rapid response performance and warehouse integration, and the operation of reverse logistics network planning is also in the primary development stage. Therefore, on the basis of considering the forward garment logistics, the return and replacement process of garments should be taken into account to achieve a win-win situation for economic, environmental and social benefits. In addition, the impact of the existence of uncertain factors on the network planning is considered to establish a scientific and reasonable clothing closed-loop supply chain network system. Based on the distribution characteristics of clothing enterprises and supporting facilities, the location model was proposed to determine the optimal location and quantity of the corresponding facilities. At the same time, taking into account the carbon emissions in the construction, manufacturing and transportation process and the social responsibility of the enterprise, the environmental and social risk assessment targets are added on the basis of maximizing the profit of the enterprise, and a multi-objective planning model of transportation vehicle path optimization is established. According to the characteristics of the model, a two-stage algorithm is designed. The first stage obtains the optimal initial solution through the greedy algorithm, and the second stage solves the bi-level programming model by the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, based on the data of a certain city, the parameter assignment of the model is carried out, and the problem is solved by CPLEX optimization software. The feasibility and correctness of the model and algorithm are verified by several numerical examples and sensitivity analysis of model parameters.

Intuitionistic fuzzy multi-stage multi-objective fixed-charge solid transportation problem in a green supply chain

This research mainly focuses on presenting an innovative study of a multi-stage multi-objective fixed-charge solid transportation problem (MMFSTP) with a green supply chain network system under an intuitionistic fuzzy environment. The most controversial issue in recent years is that greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide, methane, etc. induce air pollution and global warming, thus motivating us to formulate the proposed research. In real-world situations the parameters of MMFSTP via a green supply chain network system usually have unknown quantities, and thus we assume trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers to accommodate them and then employ the expected value operator to convert intuitionistic fuzzy MMFSTP into deterministic MMFSTP. Next, the methodologies are constructed to solve the deterministic MMFSTP by weighted Tchebycheff metrics programming and min-max goal programming, which provide Pareto-optimal solutions. A comparison is then drawn between the Pareto-optimal solutions that are extracted from the programming, and thereafter a procedure is performed to analyze the sensitivity analysis of the target values in the min–max goal programming. Finally, we incorporate an application example connected with a real-life industrial problem to display the feasibility and potentiality of the proposed model. Conclusions about the findings and future study directions are also offered.

Simulation-based lateral transshipment policy optimization for s, S inventory control problem in a single-echelon supply chain network

Since it affects the performance of whole supply chain significantly, definition of correct inventory control policy in a supply chain is critical. Recent technological development enabled real time visibility of a supply network by horizontal integration of each node in a supply network. By this opportunity, inventory sharing among stocking locations is also possible in the effort of cost minimization in supply chain management. Hence, lateral transshipment gained popularity and studies seeking the best lateral-transshipment policy is still under research. In this study, we aim to compare different lateral-transshipment policies for an s, S inventory control problem for a single-echelon supply chain network system. In this work, we consider a supply network with three stocking locations which may perform lateral transshipment among them when backorder takes place. We develop the simulation models of the systems in ARENA 14.5 commercial software and compare the performance of the policies by minimizing the total cost under a pre-defined fill rate constraint by using an optimization tool, OptQuest, integrated in that software. The results show that lateral transshipment works well compared to the scenario when there is no lateral transshipment policy in the network.

Applying a change-point control chart based on likelihood ratio to supply chain network monitoring

In this paper, a supply chain network system is viewed as a serial-parallel multistage process; and the application of a change point control chart based on likelihood ratio is explored to monitor this system. Firstly, state-space modeling is used to characterize complexity of the supply chain network system. Then, a change point control chart based on likelihood ratio is built to trigger potential tardy orders in the system. A case study is illustrated to indicate that the change point control charts can effectively signal process mean shift, and accurately estimate the change point and the out-of-control stage in term of power of detection and the accuracy of estimation of change point. We also investigate the effect of misspecified parameters of state space equations on the performance of the change point control chart. The results show that the performance of the change point control chart is relatively stable.

The consideration of opened facilities' operational volumes in designing supply chain network

In this paper, we deal with single-item, multi-period, two-echelon capacitated facility location problems where manufacturing plants and distribution centres (DCs) are decided to be opened or not at the pre-determined potential sites. At each opened facility, our model controls operational level over or under its minimum requirement volume. To do that, we use the big M technique to detect running status. If the opened facility runs at lower minimum requirement volume, penalty cost will occur and add to objective value, which should be as low as possible. This information helps the investors and managers to evaluate performance of their supply chain (SC) network system. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model with the objective to minimise the total cost including transportation costs, production costs, inventory holding costs, fixed costs for opening facilities, and penalty costs. Based on the specific structure of the developed model, we need one additional constraint set before using Lagrangian relaxation algorithm to solve the problem. Numerical experiments are then conducted to compare the solution of the proposed approach and the optimal solution obtained by the commercial lingo solver.

A Simulation Based Modelling Approach to Jointly Support and Evaluate Spare Parts Supply Chain Network and Maintenance System

This research aims at proposing a simulation-based modelling methodology to support the decision-making process related to the Spare Parts Supply Chain, which is a significant supporting system for maintenance operations in manufacturing systems. The proposed simulation-based modelling approach suits as a useful quantitative methodology to evaluate the performance of the Spare Parts Supply Chain along with its impact on the underlying Maintenance System. The joint modelling and performance evaluation of both the Spare Parts Supply Chain and the Maintenance System allows to support the assessment and selection of policies and strategies related to Spare Parts inventories (e.g. supplying processes, transport decisions and maintenance operations). This methodology may yield a better system costs balance between Spare Parts Supply Chain and Maintenance System, while ensuring desired system service levels. Finally, it worth to be mentioned that this proposed simulation-based approach is suitable to be embedded into a more general decision-making framework to support Spare Parts Supply Chain planning and control.

Managing commercial actors in strategic networks in emergency preparedness

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the management of commercial actors in strategic networks of emergency preparedness management (EPM) in developed countries and how these strategies connect to the emergency response efficiency. This study uses collaboration, strategy, and efficiency to evaluate the private governance of the food, healthcare, and transportation sectors and follows an analysis of these sectors’ management that finds an ambivalent impact on the efficiency of the worldwide supply chain network (SCN) system. This study discusses many strategic networks and nets of commercial standards with different management structures and emphasizes illustrating the EPM context, thereby offering directions for future research.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical research approach and triangulation methodology was adopted to design the selection, evaluation, and contribution of the observed data and the humanitarian and business literature. An overview of strategic networks’ role in EPM in Sweden comprises several network approaches and considers the strategic value of three SCNs for response efficiency.FindingsThe study finds that strategic networks are relevant for EPM and response efficiency and can be delimited and adapted to developing countries’ demands. However, growing interest in networks’ strategic value for EPM stresses public-private collaboration as a strategic choice to achieve response efficiency. To offer strategic planning that ties demand with supply, public-private actors must collaborate in SCNs.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing literature on strategic networks, for example, industrial networks, by illustrating their strategic value for developed countries’ SCNs. It also contributes to the business literature, for example, on strategic net management. The work is original because it adopts a practical perspective involving buyers and suppliers in planning, the delimitation of their capability in nets, and the strategic value of SCN collaboration.

A new transshipment policy in cluster supply chains based on system dynamics

In this paper, the cross-chain inventory emergency supplementary of two single supply chains is investigated to simulate the transshipment of the supply chain network system in the industrial cluster supply chains. We assume that each single supply chain is composed by a manufacturer, a wholesaler and a retailer. Besides, a new transshipment policy based on system dynamics (SD) is proposed in this paper, called the model of the cross-chain inventory transshipment between two enterprises from both the same tier and different tiers. The new proposed model is different from the model of the cross-chain inventory transshipment between two enterprises at the same tier and the model of the cross-chain inventory transshipment between two enterprises at different tiers, which have been researched by previous scholars. Some comparisons are made among the three models. It is proved that the new proposed model can improve the customer satisfaction level (CSL) and lower the total inventory level than the two other models existing currently.

Study on Innovation Strategies of China Petroleum Supply Chain Optimization

With China's sustained and rapid development of economy and industrial modernization and urbanization process continues to advance, the greater demand for oil and other energy and foundation. Due to lack of oil production, China's oil imports rose steadily in recent years, the import dependence continues to expand, coupled with the frequent fluctuation of the oil price, the oil supply chain in China has huge potential safety problems. Therefore, the optimization of existing oil supply chain network system, and give full play to the role of market allocation of resources, is one of the effective ways to solve the shortage of petroleum resources. This article first elaborated the petroleum status of supply chain optimization problem, points out the problems in present research. Further research on the strategic petroleum reserve value, and constructed and put forward suggestions for perfecting China's petroleum reserve system. The purpose is to enrich the petroleum supply chain optimization strategy, further improve the supply chain management of our country actual oil.

Research on Supply Chain Network System Based on Industrial Cluster

The reliability of supply chain network system design and optimization based on the industrial cluster was discussed, that is, the operational platform of multi-objective supply chain network was moved to industrial cluster, so the platform has the effects of both regional radiation and scale of economy. Instead of some static research methods such as former traditional mathematic planning, systematic and dynamic analysis, this paper put forward a coordinative mechenism construction, this mechenism used dynamic simulation method which combined the supply chain system with industrial cluster multi-objective weighing in the region, the mechenism should be cost efficient and satisfy the application in the industrial cluster radiation region, the mechenism should integrate all possible resources in the industrial cluster and consider heterogeneity, layout, nonlinear, limitation and dynamics of the supply chain network system.

Modeling in Confidentiality and Integrity for a Supply Chain Network

ABSTRACT Bell-LaPadula Model and Markov Chain Model are used for supply chain networks in the previous literature. However, Bell-LaPadula Model only considers the confidentiality aspect of security. Markov Chain Model is used to simulate the dynamics of the states. In a typical supply chain network, the integrity of business transactions should be as important as confidentiality of those transactions. The purpose of this paper is to apply Clark-Wilson model to the supply chain network integrity. The major concepts of the Clark-Wilson model such as separation of duty, constrained data items, well-formed transactions, and transform procedures are applied to different situations of a supply chain network. INTRODUCTION A supply chain is a sequence of processes that take place between customers, manufacturers/distributors and suppliers (Chopra & Meindl, 2006). Narrow definition of supply chain network, or suppliers relationship management (SRM) is limited to the management of relationship between suppliers and manufacturers (or retail-chain distributors). The broader definition of a supply chain network includes all the parties from customers to suppliers. Therefore, it further includes customer relationship management (CRM), warehousing, production, and product design. Most textbooks use the broader definition for supply chain management. Today most large manufacturers such as General Motor or retail-chain distributors such as Wal-Mart are in the form of supply chain networks. One of the major goals of supply chain management is to minimize the total system costs from customers to suppliers so it can attract and retain customers in a competitive environment. Another major goal of supply chain management is to achieve the efficiency of supply chain network so it can meet the philosophy of just-in-time manufacturing/delivery. The efficiency of a supply chain network is relied on the success of the supply network software system and IT infrastructure. A broader supply chain network system includes Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems. The Intranet or extranet are examples for IT infrastructure for the supply chain network. Another important issue of a supply chain network is the of the system. In a supply chain network, most suppliers may have conflict of interests so the integrity and confidentially of the is important in a supply chain network. Chen et. al. (2006) proposed the application of Bell-LaPadula model in the design of a supply chain network. In the Bell-LaPadula model a subject has a clearance and an object has a classification. The goal of the Bell-LaPadula model is to prevent read access to objects at a classification higher than the subject's clearance (Bishop, 2003). However, the Bell-LaPadula Model only considers the confidentiality aspect of security. In a typical supply chain network, the integrity of business transactions should be as important as confidentiality of those transactions. The Clark-Wilson model is one of the models for integrity for a business environment. This paper attempts to model the on a supply chain network using the Clark-Wilson Model by applying the major concepts such as separation of duty and transformation procedures (TP) in different supply chain situations. LITERATURE REVIEW Information Security The word information is defined as Knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction; Intelligence, News; Facts, Data (Merriam-Webster Online, 2006). And the word security is defined as measures taken to guard against espionage or sabotage, crime, attack, or escape. Therefore, after combine these two definitions, can be defined as measures, for which knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction; intelligence, news taken to guard against espionage or sabotage, crime, attack, or escape. …

The Total Entropy Model of Fractal Supply Chain Network System

It is pointed out that the entropies of structure, information and the effectiveness entropy between knowledge and organization structure are main entropy sources of supply chain network in this paper. Firstly, establish entropy model of fractal supply chain network organization structure. Secondly, fractal knowledge management network outside independently organization structure is set up. Moreover, knowledge and organization structure to have the whole similarity, and its entropy model is established. Furthermore, the effectiveness entropy model is builded. Finally, the entropies of structure, information and the effectiveness entropy are summed to research. And the model shows that fractal structure has prominent effect of dropping entropy.

The Entropy Model of Fractal Supply Chain Network System Based on Fuzzy AHP

The entropies of structure, information and the effectiveness entropy between knowledge and organization structure are main entropy sources of supply chain network. Entropy model of fractal supply chain network organization structure is established. Moreover, the basic principle and process of fuzzy AHP are introduced. Fractal knowledge management network outside independently organization structure is set up based on fuzzy AHP. Knowledge and organization structure have the whole similarity, and its entropy model is established. Finally, the entropies of structure, information and the effectiveness entropy are summed to research. And the model shows that fractal structure has prominent effect of dropping entropy.

The Total Entropy Model of Fractal Supply Chain Network System

The entropies of structure, information and the effectiveness entropy between knowledge and organization structure are main entropy sources of supply chain network. Entropy model of fractal supply chain network organization structure is established. Fractal knowledge management network outside independently organization structure is built. Finally, the entropies of structure, information and the effectiveness entropy are summed. The model shows that fractal structure has prominent effect of dropping entropy.

Supply chain partnership for Three-Echelon deteriorating inventory model

The different facilities in a supply chain usually develop their partnership through information sharing and strategic alliances to achieve the overall benefit of the system. In this study, we propose a supply chain network system with two producers, a single distributor and two retailers. Each retailer has a deterministic demand rate. A mathematical model of deteriorating item is developed to consider a vertical integration of the producer, the distributor and the retailer and a horizontal integration of the producers. We show how the integrated approach to decision making can achieve global optimum. Numerical examples and a sensitivity analysis are given to validate the proposed system.