Superoxide Dismutase In Patients Research Articles

Metabolic stress and stress-limiting mechanisms in bronchial asthma combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective: to study the indicators of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system in the blood and moisture condensate of exhaled air in patients with AD combined with type 2 diabetes, and in the blood of these patients — total metabolites of nitric oxide. Materials and methods: the study involved 215 patients with persistent BA of moderate severity aged (38.6±2.4) years, including 88 men (40.9%), 127 women (59.1%). Among the examined patients with BA there were 64 — group I, persons with BA combined with type 2 diabetes — 151 (group II). The parameters of the lipid peroxidation system (LPS) in the blood serum were studied: malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC), and the antioxidant system (AOS) according to the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), the amount of total metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx), in the condensate of exhaled air moisture (KEAM) was determined general oxidant (GOA) and antioxidant (AOA) activity. Results: in patients with BA combined with type 2 diabetes, an increase in the concentration of POL products in the blood was revealed: MDA was 2.6 times (p<0.05) compared with the control group and 1.3 times (p<0.05) compared with the indicator in patients with AD, DC, respectively, 2.0 times (p<0.05) compared with the control group and 1.2 times (p<0.05) compared with I group. The activity of the enzymes AOS catalase and SOD in patients with comorbidity of BA and type 2 diabetes was found to be lower than in patients of group I. In the KEAM of patients with comorbidity of BA and type 2 diabetes, a significant increase in OOA and a decrease in OAA were noted. The concentration of NOx in the blood serum of group II patients was 1.6 times higher than in the control group (p<0.05), but 1.4 times lower than in patients with AD without comorbidity with type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). The direction of the revealed correlations between the products of POL in blood serum and KEAM confirmed the systemic nature of metabolic changes in the body of patients with AD, and their strength in group II patients — the negative effect of comorbid type 2 diabetes on the greater severity of these metabolic changes. Conclusions: the resulting changes in the state of LPS and AOS in the blood and KEAM of patients with BA combined with type 2 diabetes can be characterized as systemic metabolic stress, both components of which: oxidative and nitrosive are supported by insufficient stress-limiting mechanisms — low activity of AOS enzymes and possible depletion of nitric oxide production, which should be reflected in the means of correcting metabolic disorders in patients with this comorbidity.

Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on Salivary and Plasma Superoxide Dismutase Levels of Patients Suffering from Periodontitis.

Antioxidant capacity is frequently measured by evaluating superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration in body fluids. The aim of this study was to compare SOD concentrations in the saliva and plasma of patients with periodontitis to those measured in a group of patients with healthy periodontium, as well as to evaluate the influence of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary and plasma SOD in periodontitis patients. For this purpose, 40 systemically healthy patients aged 30-70 years who had at least 20 teeth were recruited, 20 of whom had periodontitis, and 20 served as healthy periodontitis-free controls. In all participants, periodontal status was assessed via the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), papilla bleeding index (PIB), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL), and the SOD concentration in both saliva and plasma was determined by conducting a commercial immunoenzymatic ELISA test. In periodontitis patients, periodontal indices and saliva and blood samples were taken at the beginning of the study, as well as 3 months after periodontal therapy, while in the control group, these data were gathered at the beginning of the study only. SOD values in the saliva of patients with periodontitis (0.244 U/µL) were statistically significantly higher compared with patients with healthy periodontium (0.017 U/µL). Moreover, periodontal therapy led to a statistically significant decrease in this marker in the saliva of patients with periodontitis (p = 0.023), which was comparable with that measured in the control group. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences were noted in plasma SOD values either between the two groups or at follow-up compared with baseline in the group with periodontitis. These findings suggest that the elevated salivary SOD in patients with periodontal disease may represent a mechanism of tissue protection against oxidative stress that occurs in response to periodontal disease.

Status of Blood Levels of Superoxide Dismutase in Patients with Malaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aims: The evidence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the pathogenesis of malaria is inconsistent. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of blood levels of SOD in patients with malaria and determine the association of blood levels of SOD with the severity of malaria. Results: A total of 1874 articles were retrieved from database searches and 28 studies were included in the review. The blood levels of SOD were lower in individuals with malaria compared with those without malaria infection (p < 0.01, Cohen's d: -2.06, 95% CI: -2.99 to -1.14), I2: 98.96%, 2181 malaria cases/1186 uninfected cases). There were no differences in blood levels of SOD between severe and nonsevere malaria patients (p = 0.09, Cohen's d: -1.57, 95% CI: -3.39 to 0.26), I2: 96.02%, 69 severe malaria cases/256 nonsevere malaria cases). Innovation and Conclusion: The blood levels of SOD were lower in malaria patients compared with those without malaria infection. Further studies will be required to determine the extent to which SOD might prevent Plasmodium infections during pregnancy. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 222-235.

Oxidative stress impairs cognitive function by affecting hippocampal fimbria volume in drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia.

The aim of the present study was to explore influencing factors of cognitive impairments and their interrelationships in drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia (SCZ). Patients with drug naïve, first episode SCZ and healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Cognitive function was assessed by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Serum levels of oxidative stress indices, including folate, superoxide dismutase (SOD), uric acid (UA) and homocysteine (Hcy), were determined after an overnight fast. Hippocampal subfield volumes were measured using FreeSurfer. Mediation models were conducted using the SPSS PROCESS v3.4 macro. A false discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied for multiple comparisons. Sixty-seven patients with SCZ and 65 HCs were enrolled in our study. The patient group had significantly lower serum levels of folate and SOD and higher serum levels of HCY compared with the HCs (all p < 0.05). The patient group had a significantly smaller volume of the whole hippocampus than the HC group (p < 0.05). We also found significant volume differences between the two groups in the following subfields: CA1, molecular layer, GC-ML-DG and fimbria (all p < 0.05, uncorrected). The partial correlation analysis controlling for age and sex showed that the fimbria volume in the patient group was significantly positively associated with NAB scores (r = 0.382, pFDR = 0.024); serum levels of SOD in the patient group showed a significantly positive correlation with fimbria volume (r = 0.360, pFDR = 0.036). Mediation analyses controlling for age and sex showed that the serum levels of SOD in patients with SCZ had significant indirect effects on the NAB scores which were mediated by the fimbria volume [indirect effect = 0.0565, 95% CI from the bootstrap test excluding zero (0.0066 to 0.0891)]. Oxidative stress, a reduction in hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive impairments occur in early SCZ. Oxidative stress impairs cognitive function by affecting hippocampal subfield volumes.

Change in pulmonary function tests and their relation to the serum levels of ceruloplasmin, copper and superoxide dismutase in patients suffering from Type-1 and Type-2 diabetes.

To correlate the serum levels of ceruloplasmin (Cp), copper (Cu), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) with pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in non-diabetics (controls) and patients suffering from Type-1 and Type- 2 diabetes. The comparative cross-sectional study of 348 participants was performed at the Baqai Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (BIDE) - Karachi, Pakistan, from February 2019 to September 2020. Individuals having diabetes-related complications, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chest infection, pregnant women and smokers were excluded. A total of 348 participants were included into three groups after signing informed consent. The control group had 107 non-diabetic participants, with an age range of 6 to 60 years. The diagnosed T1D group (n=107) had an age range of 6 to 25 years. While diagnosed T2D group (n=134) had an age range of 26 to 60 years. During the fasting state, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, spirometry, and a venous blood sample (5ml) were collected to measure serum Cp, serum Cu, serum SOD, and HbA1c levels by using commercially available kits. The SPSS, version 21, was used for data analysis. The reduced FVC (p-value <0.001), FEV1 (p-value <0.001), and PEFR (p-value <0.001) were found in both groups of diabetes. However, the lower levels of serum Cu (p-value <0.001), SOD (p-value <0.001), and significantly increased values of FEV1/ FVC (p-value <0.001) and Cp levels (p-value 0.030) were found only in T2D group as compared to T1D and controls. The study found no significant correlation of PFTs and serum Cp, Cu, and SOD levels in patients suffering from T1D and T2D. Hyperglycemia leads to more non-enzymatic glycosylation of tissue proteins that reflects reduced PFTs and increased Cp; particularly in T2D, which may alter lung tissue's physiology. Moreover, the study showed no correlation of PFTs with the Cp, Cu, and SOD in patients suffering from T1D and T2D.

A comparative investigation of the activity of superoxide dismutase in patients with leukoplakia and healthy controls.

Oral leukoplakia has recently been re-defined as "a predominantly white lesion of the oral mucosa that cannot be characterised as any other definable lesion". Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the enzymatic anti-oxidants which form the first line of defence in the cell. There are very limited data available on the analysis of SOD in leukoplakia patients. Therefore, the present study was planned to analyse anti-oxidant SOD levels in leukoplakia patients. The study group consisted of 29 subjects of oral leukoplakia, and the control group consisted of 25 healthy individuals. All the subjects were evaluated for SOD enzyme in plasma. The results for each determinant were calculated using one-way ANOVA test, Student 't' test, Pearson Chi square test, and 't' test for equality of means wherever applicable. The study revealed that among the different clinical entities of oral leukoplakia, the enzymatic anti-oxidant SOD is shown to have decreased in all forms of oral leukoplakia, but without any statistical significance. A statistically highly significant decrease (at P < 0.0001) of SOD in oral leukoplakia patients compared to normal healthy patients was observed in the present study. The study revealed a difference in the free-radical activity and oxidative stress in blood of leukoplakia patients compared to healthy patients, which is reflected by the variation in the levels of blood SOD, thus showing vulnerability to cellular damage and tendency towards further malignant changes.

Oxidative and antioxidant changes in blood of young people with premature coronary artery disease and abdominal obesity

Aim. To study the oxidative and antioxidant blood profile in young people with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and abdominal obesity (AO).Material and methods. The study included 169 people. The main group consisted of 47 patients diagnosed with premature (&lt;45 years of age) CAD, while 22 of them with AO and 25 without AO. The control group included 122 people without CAD, comparable with the main group in sex, age and body mass index. Among them, there are 67 people with AO and 55 people without AO. In all examined patients, the blood levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, MDA-modified oxidized high-density lipoprotein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase 1, and whole blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined. Statistical processing was carried out in the SPSS 13.0 program.Results. The blood TAC was 2,3 times lower in persons with CAD than in those without CAD, and amounted to 1,58 mmol of trolox. The blood level of SOD in patients with CAD was 1,16 times higher than in the group of people without CAD. The relative odds of premature CAD were associated with decreased TAC (B=-2,855; Exp(B)=0,058; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0,008-0,392; p=0,004) and increased level of SOD (B=0,105; Exp(B)=1,076; 95% CI, 1,031-1,196; p=0,006), regardless of sex, age, risk factors. Conclusion. Thus, an increased SOD and reduced TAC can be potential biomarkers for premature CAD in people under 45 years of age.

Increased Markers of Oxidative Stress and Positive Correlation Low-Grade Inflammation with Positive Symptoms in the First Episode of Schizophrenia in Drug-Naïve Patients.

Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental illness usually diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. Many studies indicate that oxidative stress causes membrane dysfunction and cell damage, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The purpose of our study was to evaluate oxidative stress markers (the main primary products of lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and end products of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP)) in the plasma of patients with the first episode of schizophrenia in drug-naïve patients (22 men and 12 women aged 17–29). The control group (Ctrl) comprised 26 healthy subjects (19 men and 7 women, aged 18–30 years). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied to evaluate psychotic symptoms. Analyses of the oxidative stress variables revealed an increased level of SOD (U/mL) in subjects with schizophrenia versus control group. In addition, lipid damage measured as LOOHs µ (mol/L) and MDA was significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia in comparison to control subjects. There was a positive correlation between MDA µmol/L and PANSS P and a positive correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) and the PANSS P scale. The elevated level of superoxide dismutase in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia can be explained by compensatory mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde can be used as a simple biomarker of low-grade systemic inflammation associated with oxidative stress. A positive correlation between CRP and PANSS P scale and MDA and PANSS P scale may indicate a significant relationship between the development of low-grade inflammation and damage associated with oxidative stress in the development of the first symptoms of schizophrenia.

DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Abstract. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death in recent decades worldwide, especially in developed countries. Cardiovascular pathology can begin with risk factors that can cause local vascular damage and end with systemic complications leading to organ failure and death, which makes it necessary to understand the biochemistry of events associated with the entire process of progression of cardiovascular diseases and is crucial for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. It is known that the state of blood vessels is influenced by multiple factors of hemodynamic conditions, extracellular signaling proteins, including interleukins, cytokines, and intracellular biochemical molecules, including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The aim of the work was to evaluate the factors of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection in patients with coronary heart disease. The study included 96 patients of working age with a verified diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. 2.6.5. To assess the diagnostic significance of quantitative signs in predicting a certain outcome, the method of analyzing ROC curves was used. The article presents data on the quantitative content of nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase in the blood serum of patients with coronary heart disease (acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris), describes the relationship between changes in their level, and assesses the diagnostic significance of the studied parameters. The obtained data on the production of nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase in patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina indicate an important prognostic value of assessing oxidative stress and the antioxidant system for early risk stratification of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease.

Malondialdehyde value as radical oxidative marker and endogenous antioxidant value analysis in brain tumor

IntroductionOxidative stress has been considered as one of many contributor in developing risk of cancer. Oxidative stress may also promote the increasing number of free radical. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of radical oxidative marker, while Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) play role as endogenous antioxidant. It has been postulated that in cancer cells there is an increase of oxidative stress compared to normal cell. MethodThis study is a case controlled analytical study to find the relationship between levels of MDA and SOD in patients with brain tumours. The sample obtained was 35 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on this analysis, it will be determined whether there is a significant relationship between levels of MDA and SOD in each type of brain tumours. ResultThere is no significant relationship from all groups brain tumour and all tumours have a low correlation (r = 0.187) in the value of superoxide dismutase level. There is also no significant relationship from all groups (p = 0.302) and a low correlation (r = 0.187) to the value of Malondialdehyde level. DiscussionThere was no relationship between superoxide dismutase in any type of intracranial tumour in this study. These concluded that superoxide values could not be a risk factor for primary intracranial tumours. Levels of MDA which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, were significantly higher in patients consisting of meningiomas and gliomas. In high grade gliomas, the MDA increases due to the progressive progression of glioma tumours due to an increase in Reactive oxygen species levels. ConclusionThis study shows no correlation between SOD as an endogenous antioxidant and MDA as radical oxidative marker in primary brain tumour.

Comparative Study of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase in Urolithiasis Patients: A Case Control Study

Background: Urolithiasis i.e. stone firming disease in the urinary passages is one of the frequently encountered diseases in man. Perhaps the disease is as ancient as the man himself as has been revealed by the archaeological excavation done in different parts of the world such as in Egypt.&#x0D; Aim: Comparative Study of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase in Urolithiasis Patients: A Case Control Study&#x0D; Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Datta Meghe Medical College Nagpur in collaboration with Department of Surgery, Division of Urology and Department of Pharmacology.&#x0D; Results: The urolithiasis patients have shown a marked increase in plasma MDA levels. There was a significant increase in the values of superoxide dismutase in patients suffering from urolithiasis (6.26 ± 0.86 µmol/l RBC lysate) as compared to the normal control values (3.40 ± 1.09 µmol/l RBC lysate) in human volunteers (p&lt;0.01).A significantly decreased value of glutathione peroxidase has been observed in patients suffering from urolithiasis as compared to the control group.&#x0D; Conclusion: Enhanced SOD can reduce the formation of Calcium Oxalate crystals and reduce the damage of renal tubular epithelial cell.

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment impacts oxidative stress markers in patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infection

Necrotizing soft-tissue infection (NSTI) is a rare, severe, and fast-progressing bacterial infection associated with a high risk of developing sepsis or septic shock. Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress is...

Evaluation of Efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy and Its Effect on Crevicular Superoxide Dismutase in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis.

Objectives To assess the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy and its effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and Methods A total of 16 patients aged between 30 and 50 years having mild to moderate CP of both sexes having pocket depth of 5 to 7 mm in four nonadjacent interproximal sites were selected. The sites were randomized and divided into treatment and control groups. CoQ10 and a placebo gel were administered in the treatment and control sites, respectively, at baseline after scaling and root planing (SRP). GCF was collected using microcapillary method at baseline and 3 months and was assessed for SOD using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader at 450 nm wavelength. Probing pocket depth, gingival index, and plaque index were assessed at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, respectively. Statistical analysis For each assessment point, data were statistically analyzed using Student’s t -test and paired t -test. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results On intergroup comparison, there was no statistically significant difference between the clinical parameters of both the groups at all the time intervals ( p > 0.05), but there was a significant increase in the level of SOD in the test group ( p > 0.05) compared with the control group at 3 months. Conclusions Adjunctive use of CoQ10 with SRP can boost the antioxidant concentration, but it is not superior to SRP in the treatment of CP.

Pilot Study of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Chlamydia trachomatis in Female Patients with Spontaneous Abortions

The aims of the present study were i. asses the biomarkers of oxi- dative stress including superoxide anion radical, Nitrite measurement and reduced glutathione in female patients with spontaneous abortions Asses the prevalence of C. trachomatis antibodies IgA and IgG in those patients, iii. Correlate the levels of the oxidative biomarkers to the presence of C. trachomatis antibodies. The study included one hundred female patients with 2 or more spon- taneous abortions in addition to one hundred healthy control females with normal gravidity and parity history. Blood samples were obtained from each subject and subjected to laboratory determination of super- oxide anion radical, Nitrite measurement and reduced glutathione by biochemical methods. Determination of specific immunoglobulin A and G (IgA, IgG) was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The prevalence of IgA and IgG for C. trachomatis in patients was 4% and 8% respectively and, in the control, subjects the prevalence of IgA and IgG were 1% and 2% respectively. The concentration of oxidative stress products was significantly higher in the patients group compared to the control group (P=0.0001). The concentrations of nitrite and reduced glutathione were 27.9± 4.7, 31.4± 1.9 nmol/ml respectively in patients and the concentrations of nitrite and reduced glutathione were 18.9± 2.1 and 27.9± 3.9 respectively in the control group. The concentration of SOD was significantly reduced in the patients group compared to the control group (P=0.0001). The concentration of SOD was 55.1 6.9 in the patients and in the control the concentration was 64.5± 7.7 nmol/ml In the study of oxidative stress markers in the patients with positive serology for C. trachomatis, there was significant increase in nitrite concentrations compared to patients negative for C. trachomatis sero- logical markers (P=0.005). While reduced glutathione concentration had insignificant increase in patients positive for C. trachomatis with reduced SOD compared to patients with negative serology to C. tra- chomatis, P=0.6, P=0.07, respectively. The present study highlights that there was significant increase in oxi- dant stress biomarkers nitrite and reduced glutathione with significant reduction in superoxide dismutase in patients with repeated abortions. The prevalence of IgG to C. trachomatis was significantly prevalent in patients with recurrent abortion compared to control subjects. The nitrite was significantly correlated with positive serology to C. tracho- matis.

Sex differences in the association between symptoms and superoxide dismutase in patients with never-treated first-episode schizophrenia

Objectives Considering the sex differences and oxidative stress in the pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia (SCZ), we explored the sex differences in clinical characteristics and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as their relationship in never-treated first-episode (NTFE) patients with SCZ in the Han Chinese population, which has not been reported yet. Methods Total SOD and manganese SOD (MnSOD) activities were examined in 165 NTFE patients with SCZ (male/female = 98/67) and 133 healthy controls (male/female =70/63). Psychopathological symptoms were evaluated by a five-factor model of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results SCZ patients had higher plasma total SOD activity than healthy controls (p < .01). In healthy controls, the total SOD activity was significantly higher in males than that in females (p < .001), but not in patients group (p > .05). Further, Multiple regression analysis revealed that in male patients, the PANSS depressive factor was independently positively correlated with MnSOD or total SOD activity (both p < .01), while in female patients, the MnSOD activity was positively related to the PANSS positive symptom score (p < .05). Conclusions Our findings indicate sex differences in the relationship between SOD activities and psychopathological symptoms in the early stage of SCZ.

Acute mitochondrial antioxidant intake improves endothelial function, antioxidant enzyme activity, and exercise tolerance in patients with peripheral artery disease.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis in the leg arteries, which causes claudication. This may be in part due to vascular mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ) has been shown to improve vascular mitochondrial function that, in turn, led to improved vascular function in older adults and animal models. However, the roles of vascular mitochondria in vascular function including endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with PAD are unknown; therefore, with the use of acute MitoQ intake, this study examined the roles of vascular mitochondria in endothelial function, arterial stiffness, exercise tolerance, and skeletal muscle function in patients with PAD. Eleven patients with PAD received either MitoQ or placebo in a randomized crossover design. At each visit, blood samples, brachial and popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), peripheral and central pulse-wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure (BP), maximal walking capacity, time to claudication (COT), and oxygen utility capacity were measured pre- and-post-MitoQ and placebo. There were significant group by time interactions (P < 0.05) for brachial and popliteal FMD that both increased by Δ2.6 and Δ3.3%, respectively, and increases superoxide dismutase (Δ0.03 U/mL), maximal walking time (Δ73.8 s), maximal walking distance (Δ49.3 m), and COT (Δ44.2 s). There were no changes in resting heart rate, BP, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, PWV, or oxygen utility capacity (P > 0.05). MitoQ intake may be an effective strategy for targeting the vascular mitochondrial environment, which may be useful for restoring endothelial function, leg pain, and walking time in patients with PAD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The results of this study reveal for the first time that acute oral intake of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ, 80 mg) is effective for improving vascular endothelial function and superoxide dismutase in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Acute MitoQ intake is also effective for improving maximal walking capacity and delaying the onset of claudication in patients with PAD. These findings suggest that the acute oral intake of MitoQ-mediated improvements in vascular mitochondria play a pivotal role for improving endothelial function, the redox environment, and skeletal muscle performance in PAD.

Investigating the Level of Vitamin E, C and Superoxide Dismutase in Patients with Allergic Asthma and Allergic Asthma with Helminths Infection

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of antioxidant activity, vitamin E, vitamin C and superoxide dismutase with the severity of allergic asthma by estimating their level in the patients’ sera, as well as evaluating their association with the level of total and specific serum IgE in allergic asthmatics and allergic asthmatics with helminths infection. The study applied on 180 subjects divided into three groups, 100 patients with allergic asthma and 50 patients having allergic asthma with helminths infection. The group of patients included 50 males and 100 females age 15-60 years. The control group comprised of 30 healthy individuals, included 14 males and 16 females age range 16-60 years. For each participant, the medical history was considered; the total and specific IgE levels, vitamin E, vitamin C and superoxide dismutase levels were determined in the patient’s sera using ELISA technique. The present study has demonstrated an increased level in serum total IgE in the patients’ groups (allergic asthma group and allergic asthma with helminths) compare to the control group, mean 374.54 IU/mL; 472.24 IU/mL; 29.21 IU/mL respectively. The level differences among the three groups are highly significant when compared statistically

Oxidative stress and risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome in women with epilepsy: implications of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase serum levels on female fertility

BackgroundEpilepsy is a common neurologic disease and has important implications for women’s fertility, as approximately half of the epileptic women have reproductive disorders. Oxidative stress is a key contributor in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and epilepsy. We aimed to investigate the role of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels as predictors of PCOS in women with epilepsy (WWE) and to evaluate the possible relationship between oxidative stress and epilepsy characteristics as well as clinicomorphological features of PCOS.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional study enrolled 130 WWE. They were classified to two subgroups; women with PCOS (n=50) and women without PCOS (n=80) according to Rotterdam criteria. Metabolic markers and markers of PCOS were measured. Serum MDA and SOD concentrations were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsOur results revealed higher levels of MDA and SOD in WWE, in particular, women with PCOS. Moreover, serum MDA and SOD levels were significantly positively correlated with PCOS phenotypes. Linear regression test revealed that Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were the main predictors of serum MDA levels in PCOS, whereas BMI and LH were the main predictors of serum SOD levels. Regarding antiepileptic medication, there were significantly higher levels of MDA and SOD in patients treated with valproic acid compared with the ones treated with carbamazepine.ConclusionThe high levels of MDA and SOD among WWE, in particular, women with PCOS, were positively correlated with obesity indices and PCOS phenotypes. Thus, we recommended avoid using valproic acid in women during childbearing period.

Serum levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in patients with chronic viral hepatitis

Serum levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in patients with chronic viral hepatitis

Serum Levels of Oxidative Stress Indicators and Antioxidant Enzymes in Bell Palsy

We conducted a prospective study to comparatively evaluate serum levels of malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress indicator, and the antioxidant enzymes glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in patients with Bell palsy. Our study population was made up of 30 patients with Bell palsy—15 men and 15 women, aged 25 to 68 years (mean: 50.4)—who were seen in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care medical center. For comparison purposes, we recruited 26 healthy age- and sex-matched controls—16 men and 10 women, aged 40 to 67 years (mean: 54.3). Serum samples were obtained from all participants before the initiation of steroid treatment to the Bell palsy patients. A correlation was sought between demographic data and serum levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. We found that the serum level of malondialdehyde was significantly higher in the Bell palsy group and that the levels of glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were all significantly lower (p &lt; 0.001 for all comparisons). Correlation analysis revealed that only superoxide dismutase levels were positively correlated with age (r = 0.347, p = 0.009). We suggest that oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of Bell palsy. In this context, serum levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase may serve as biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of Bell palsy. Confirmation of the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of these findings necessitates further prospective, randomized clinical trials in larger populations.