Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new assessment approaches that can help overcome the limitations of traditional Likert-item scales in measuring complex, subjective constructs. To demonstrate this, we introduce and validate a novel LLM-based methodology for psychological assessment by applying it to Future Self-Continuity (FSC), the perceived connection, including similarity, vividness, and positivity, between present and future selves. We used an LLM (Claude 3.5 Sonnet) to perform natural language processing (NLP) on transcripts of audio responses to 15 theory-based interview prompts. Data from 164 MTurk participants (including 93 with past-year suicide ideation, who were oversampled to examine clinical utility) yielded quantitative NLP-FSC scores that significantly correlated with the Future Self-Continuity Questionnaire (FSCQ; r = 0.57), supporting convergent validity. A Bland-Altman analysis also indicated acceptable agreement. Replication using one older and two updated LLM versions confirmed the method’s robustness (inter-model total score r = 0.91, 0.88, and 0.84). Exploratory analysis using the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire–Revised (SBQR) found that the NLP assessment captured unique variance in the perceived likelihood of a future suicide attempt beyond the FSCQ, suggesting potential clinical implications. This validated NLP approach offers a nuanced assessment of FSC, advancing psychological measurement methodology in research and, potentially, clinical practice.

Dari version of Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) in a sample of Afghan students

Objective Suicide is a significant global public health issue, with occupations like farming—marked by financial instability and isolation—facing elevated risks. Despite international evidence, suicidality among Austrian farmers remains unstudied. This study compared suicidal ideation between Austrian farmers (n = 2,006) and the general population (n = 2,007), while identifying sociodemographic, occupational, and behavioral risk factors of suicidality in farmers. Method Data were collected via online surveys (October 2024–February 2025), utilizing the PHQ-9 for suicidal ideation and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) for suicidality and analyzed with Chi-square tests and logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender disparities. Results Farmers reported significantly higher suicidal ideation (19.7%) than the general population (14.3%; χ2 = 20.62, p < .001), with 1.4 times greater age- and gender- adjusted odds (95% CI:1.17–1.64). Key risk factors for suicidality in farmers included financial distress (very poor vs. very good: aOR = 2.64, p = .008), high agricultural workload (aOR = 1.01/hour, p = .03), and residing in Eastern Austria vs. Western Austria (aOR = 1.76, p = .003). Protective factors included physical activity outside work (aOR = 0.65, p = .005) and living in a relationship (aOR = 0.61, p = .024). Conclusions This study highlights increased suicidal ideation among farmers compared to the general population. Financial instability, high workload, regional differences, physical activity, as well relationships seem influential. Community-based interventions promoting social support and physical activity may mitigate risks, highlighting the interplay of economic and psychosocial factors in farmer suicidality.

IntroductionStudies that have investigated the relationship between testosterone and psychiatric disorders in women report inconsistent results. Some studies suggesting that female depression patients have lower serum testosterone levels than healthy controls while others report higher serum testosterone levels in female depression patients. Testosterone has also been found to modulate depression and anxiety symptoms. Social research suggests high androgen levels cause aggressive behavior in men and women and as a consequence may cause depression and possible results with more often hospitalization.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a link between the intensity of psychological symptoms that required hospital psychiatric treatment and the level of testosterone in the blood.MethodsThe research is prospective and includes female patients with established diagnoses of depressive disorder, anxiety-depressive disorder, bipolar disorder (depressive episode) aged 18-65. The patients had their laboratory parameters determined, including sex hormones (testosteron, estrogen, progesterone, FSH, LH and prolactin), filled out a demographic questionnaire and questionnaires: The Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Matthey Generic Mood Question, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) i Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD).ResultsThe preliminary data of the prospective study showed that there was a statistically significant proportion of patients in whom higher testosterone levels are linked with higher number of hospitalizations (rho=0.511, p=0.036).ConclusionsPreliminary results show an association between testosterone levels and frequent psychiatric hospitalizations.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The paper presents reference values for the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) and population-based lifetime and 12-month prevalences on suicide related thoughts and behaviors (STBs). A representative sample of the general German population was assessed (n=2.513). Mean SBQ-R score was 3.8. Lifetime prevalence of STBs was 15.5% (n=388), with higher rates found in women and in middle-aged adults. Lifetime STBs were disclosed by 5.7% (n=142) of respondents. 12-month prevalence was 5.1%, with women showing higher rates. The results enable other researchers to compare their data to representative reference values on a widely used measure for STBs. Future studies might address the problem of low disclosure of STBs as well as the impact of methodological aspects, such as wording, on prevalence rates.

Religion and spirituality have been introduced as a protective or risk factor for suicidal behaviors from different perspectives, so studies need to address this issue. The present study examined the role of religious-spiritual struggles and psychological well-being in predicting suicidal behaviors in a sample of adults in western Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 407 adults from Kermanshah city, western Iran, between February and April 2024. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), the Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Questionnaire (18 items). Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of suicidal behaviors. In the present study, 78 (19.2%) of the participants were included in the group with suicidal behaviors. The results of the main variables showed that higher PWB was associated with a lower chance of suicidal behavior (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.98, p-value = 0.007), and higher RSS were associated with a higher chance of suicidal behavior (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, p-value = 0.043). Women were approximately 2.5 times more likely to have suicidal behaviors than men (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.37-5.92, p-value = 0.005). History of suicide attempt in family and friends was associated with 3 and 1.7 times chance of being in suicidal behavior group, respectively. The results of this study indicated that PWB was associated with a lower likelihood, while RSS was associated with a higher likelihood of suicidal behaviors among Iranian adults. Additionally, being female and having a history of suicide attempts in family and friends were related to an increased probability of suicidal behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of considering psychological and religious-spiritual factors in understanding the correlates of suicidal behaviors, although longitudinal studies are needed to examine causal relationships.

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is linked to several psychosocial issues, including social isolation, perceived stigma, avoidance behavior, and suicidal ideation. Individuals with SUD often experience social rejection and internalize negative societal attitudes, leading to emotional distress and withdrawal from support systems. To cope, many engage in avoidance behaviors, which further isolate them and increase the risk of suicidal thoughts. These interconnected factors create a cycle of psychological pain that worsens over time. Despite their significance, these variables are not well studied together, especially in culturally sensitive contexts like Pakistan. Understanding these relationships is essential for developing effective interventions to reduce suicide risk and support recovery in individuals with SUD. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social isolation, perceived stigma, avoidance behavior, and suicidal ideation in adults undergoing treatment for substance use disorder (SUD). A cross-sectional design used with a sample of 120 adults participating in admitted in SUD treatment centers. Standardized scales, such as the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, Substance Use Stigma Mechanisms Scale, Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), will be utilized to assess core variables. Pearson correlations revealed that suicidal ideation was positively and significantly associated with social isolation (r = .35, p &lt; .01), perceived stigma (r = .33, p &lt; .01), and avoidance behavior (r = .41, p &lt; .01), with avoidance behavior showing the strongest relationship. Results showed that all three predictors were positively and significantly correlated with suicidal ideation, and the regression model accounted for 46% of the variability in suicidal ideation scores. The findings are significant theoretically as well as practically for suicide prevention. The findings show avoidance behavior to have the strongest correlation with suicidal Ideation (β = 1.34, p &lt; .001). Results showed that avoidance behavior mediates the effect of stigma on suicidal ideation. Findings also revealed that perceived stigma is a stronger predictor of suicidal ideation. It is concluded that these results highlight the importance of avoidance behavior and perceived stigma in the development of suicidal ideation among those with SUD. Interventions focus on these psychosocial constructs might thus substantially strengthen suicide prevention with patients in this population.

Adolescence is a period which is considered critical for beginning of suicidality, yet very limited empirical evidence is provided for how much suicidal risk exists and how much it varies within different age groups. The study aimed to examine the distribution of suicidality risk within adolescence in Chitral, KPK. A cross-sectional study was conducted in lower chitral among 2000 school/college going adolescents aged 12-19 years. The participants were assessed for suicidality risk using suicidal behavior questionnaire – revised (SBQ-R) and the sample was categorized into three group’s early adolescence (12-14 years), middle adolescence (15-16 years) and late adolescence (17-19 years). The data was analyzed using cross-tabs to identify age wise suicidality risk among adolescence in lower chitral. The findings revealed that suicidality risk increased with age. Among which the high risk were the middle adolescence n = 327 (46.8%) then the late adolescence with risk of 42.2% and the least risk was found in early adolescence. Cross-tabs using chi-square test showed statistically significant results (p&lt; .001).Along with that among the middle aged adolescents the most at risk age was 16 years old, results showing that the adolescents from were highest in number for low risk (33.8%) and high risk (26.0%), making 16 years old as the most vulnerable age in Chitral. These findings show that there is a need for age specific mental health intervention in chitral particularly targeting who are more vulnerable to suicidality. This study provides a large scale stratifies empirical evidence of suicidality existing among adolescents in chitral, indicating early interventions for preventive strategies for mental health problems in educational settings or community.

This study aimed to explore the developmental trajectories of suicide risk among college students and examine the influence of demographic, psychological, and social factors on these trajectories. A three-year follow-up study was conducted with 3,723 first-year college students from a university in Guangdong Province, China. Data were collected in October 2020, 2021, and 2022 using the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), University Personality Inventory (UPI), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Latent Growth Mixed Modeling (LGMM) was employed to analyze the trajectories of suicide risk. Three distinct trajectories were identified: a "slowly decreasing suicide risk group" (81.1%), a "slowly increasing suicide risk group" (15.7%), and a "rapidly increasing suicide risk group" (3.2%). Female gender, left-behind experience, history of suicide among close relatives or acquaintances, positive psychological symptoms, and depressive symptoms were significant risk factors for higher suicide risk trajectories (all p < 0.05). The findings highlight significant heterogeneity in suicide risk trajectories among college students, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions based on individual risk profiles.

BackgroundPediatric suicide is a critical global public health issue. Discovering protective factors which can effectively block the progression from suicidal ideation (SI) to suicidal plan (SP) and suicidal attempt (SA) is essential for prevention. This study examined the role of resilience in preventing the transition of suicidal indicators among children and adolescents.MethodsA case-control study nested within a two-wave longitudinal survey was conducted in Yunnan province, China, involving 5,924 children and adolescents. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect relevant information from the participants. Resilience was evaluated by using the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA), suicidal indicators (SI, SP, SA) were measured by the Modified Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). Cases and controls were matched at a 1:3 ratio using propensity score matching. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to examine the sequential associations between resilience and the suicidal indicators.ResultsThe two-wave survey revealed high transition rates from SI to SP (18.5%), SI to SA (7.75%), and SP to SA (11.13%). A 10-point increase in baseline resilience score was significantly associated with a 14% odds reduction in SI to SP progression (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75–0.99) and an 18% odds reduction in SI to SA progression (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69–0.96). Stratified analysis showed that resilience was most protective among adolescents, females, and those with baseline mood disorders. For the specific dimensions of resilience, emotion regulation demonstrated a protective effect in SI-SP transition, but not in SI-SA transition. Besides, family support played a prominent role in protecting against the progression from SI to SP among adolescents, minority groups, and subjects with baseline anxiety.ConclusionsThe major findings of our study can provide important longitudinal evidence in guiding the construction of resilience-based suicide prevention strategies among vulnerable juvenile suicidal ideators.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Background: The sudden outbreak of coronavirus disease in 2019 resulted in major changes in mental health of healthcare workers as the front line of fighting against thedisease. Medical students who were from the main members of healthcare workers suffered double pressure. The goal of current study was evaluation of suicidal behavior and psychological distress in medical and paramedical students to determine the mental health status of these students by identifying the mentioned factors. Methods: This is an applied, comparative and cross-sectional study. The sample members (302 participants) were selected by accessible method from medical students in Masih Daneshvari Hospital in 2023-2024. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) were completed by all the participants. Data were analyzed by T, Chi square, Pearson and ANOVA tests by SPSS-22. Results: The highest and lowest risk of suicide was between interns (M=7.37) and fellowships (M=3.71), respectively. The highest and the lowest score of psychological distress was between interns (M=10.82) and paramedical PhD students (M=6.9), respectively. Men had suicidal thought or attempt more than twice as likely as women (7.69% vs. 2.35%). The probability of suicide in future was more in men than women (1.53% vs. 0). There was a strong and significant (P ≤0.00) correlation between questions of suicidal behavior questionnaire and psychological distress. Conclusion: The higher scores of suicide and psychological distress of medical students in primary educational years, can reflect the high pressure volume, which they gain more compatibility, skill and ability for coping with the problems over time. By achieving the results of the current study, researchers would pay attention to psychological issues in healthcare workers, probable problems would be solved, and eventually, treatment of patients would done by more confidence.

To perform an adaptation and psychometric validation of the Polish version of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) screen version in a clinical sample of patients admitted to the psychiatric hospital. This was a single-center, observational and cross-sectional study. A total of 318 consecutive patients completed a set of questionnaires upon their admission to acute psychiatric units. The set comprised C-SSRS screener and the reference measures: the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire - Revised (SBQ-R), the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS), the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale - Revised (CESD-R), the Scale of Psychache, the Purpose in Life scale (PIL), and alcohol misuse screen test (CAGE). Cronbach's α of the C-SSRS was 0.89. Two latent components were identified in the factor analysis: (1) suicidal thoughts, intentions and plans, and (2) history of suicidal attempts. There were differences in the mean scores of all the utilized questionnaires (namely, SBQ-R, the Psychache scale, CAGE, SIDAS, PIL and CESD-R) between the C-SSRS risk groups (p=0.01). The C-SSRS risk group was associated with the category of the primary psychiatric diagnosis (p<0.001). The Polish version of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale screener is a questionnaire with good psychometric features to assess the suicidal risk among psychiatric in-patients. It can be used for the purposes of a routine assessment of suicidal risk among hospitalized patients.

BackgroundThe Suicidal Intrusions Attributes Scale (SINAS) is a brief self-report measure designed to assess the frequency, distress, and controllability of suicidal intrusions—vivid, uncontrollable mental images and thoughts related to suicide or its aftermath. Despite its clinical relevance, its psychometric properties remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the SINAS.MethodsA cross-sectional design was employed. 304 outpatients (aged 18 to 65, M = 27.27, SD = 8.53) including 243 males and 61 females with a history of suicide attempts were recruited using a convenience sampling method from psychiatric clinics and hospitals in Tehran. Participants completed the SINAS along with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to assess depressive symptoms, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) to measure negative expectations about the future, the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) to evaluate suicidal thoughts and intentions, and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) to assess past suicidal behaviors and future risk.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor structure of the SINAS, which was invariant across gender groups. The scale demonstrated strong internal consistency and good test-retest reliability over a two-week interval. Additionally, the SINAS showed significant associations with depressive symptoms, hopelessness, suicide ideation, and suicide risk behaviors, supporting its convergent validity.ConclusionsOverall, the findings indicate that the Persian version of the SINAS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing suicidal intrusions in both clinical and research settings in Iran.

Various studies have suggested that perseverative cognitions play an important role in the occurrence of suicide. However, the mediating mechanisms underlying the relationship between perseverative cognitions and suicidality remain largely unknown. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate whether positive and negative valence systems and social disconnection temporally mediated the association between perseverative cognitions and suicidal behaviors. 256 university students participated in this study. The data were collected using the Perseverative Cognitions Questionnaire (PCQ), Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ), Social Connectedness Scale-Revised (SCS-R), and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). The results showed that perseverative cognitions had a direct and significant effect on suicide (p <.001). Positive and negative valence systems and social disconnection significantly mediated the relationship between perseverative cognitions and suicide. Our findings showed that multiple factors including perseverative cognitions, positive and negative valence systems, and social disconnection may have a role in the occurrence of suicide among university students.

Background Alcohol abuse and suicide are significant public health problems. Specifically, more than three million people die each year from alcohol abuse and 700,000 from suicide. Research indicates that alcohol abuse is associated with suicidality, and that there are significant gender differences in both. By means of a large representative population sample, this study quantifies the associations between suicidal ideation and alcohol misuse in the German population. Methods Based on a survey of 2,513 individuals from 2015, prevalence estimates and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between suicidal ideation (i.e., past-year suicidal ideation according to the Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire Revised [SBQ-R] and alcohol consumption (i.e., past year high-risk drinking according to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT-C]). Results High-risk drinking (24.78%) and suicidal ideation (5.09%) were highly prevalent in this representative German population sample. These estimates differed significantly between men and women: Men were more likely to report high-risk drinking (30.14%) compared to women (20.56%), while a greater proportion of women (5.95%) reported suicidal ideation when compared to men (4.00%). Moreover, the association of suicidal ideation and high-risk drinking was weaker in women (OR = 1.64 CI 95% [1.03–2.62]) than in men (OR = 5.62 CI 95% [2.72–11.60]). Conclusion The high prevalence of suicidal ideation and high-risk drinking in women and underscores the necessity for low-level interventions and public health initiatives aimed at prevention and intervention against the escalation of high-risk drinking and suicidal behavior. Prevention efforts should consider gender-specific patterns of risk.

Background: This study examined if firefighters (an occupational group at elevated suicide risk) who have made a suicide plan involving a firearm reported higher suicidal intent than those whose plans did not involve a firearm. Methods: Participants included 173 firefighters (M [SD] age = 32.0 [9.9], 95.8% male) who reported having made a suicide plan during their tenure as firefighters. We used a self-report version of the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview-Short Form (SITBI-SF) to determine the presence and nature of suicide plans during firefighter tenure. We used Item 4 of the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) to assess suicidal intent. Results: Overall, 44.5% of suicide plans involved firearms. Firefighters who reported a suicide plan involving a firearm reported significantly higher mean levels of suicidal intent than firefighters who did not report a suicide plan involving a firearm. Limitations: This investigation relied on a cross-sectional convenience sample which limits our ability to establish causal claims. Conclusions: Firefighters who report a suicide plan specifically using a firearm may represent an especially at-risk group. Clinicians should assess for both suicidal intent and means during risk assessments and deliver rigorous lethal means safety counseling to mitigate suicide risk among firefighters.

IntroductionSuicide rates in the United States have increased over the past two decades, with rural areas, particularly the Appalachian Region, facing unique challenges that elevate suicide risk. These include economic hardships, social isolation, and limited access to mental health services.PurposeThis study addresses critical gaps in understanding lifetime suicide risk in West Virginia (WV), a predominantly rural state entirely within the Appalachian Region. By identifying the factors driving urban-rural differences in suicide risk, this research seeks to inform interventions tailored to the state's distinct needs and provide insights applicable to the broader AppalachianRegion MethodsUsing 2021 Mountain State Assessment of Trends in Community Health (MATCH) survey data, we examined socioeconomic and related factors associated with lifetime suicide risk in WV, measured by the first item of the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). Logistic regression models identified significant risk and protective factors. Models were stratified by rural residence using 2023 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC) to examine rural-urban disparities, given WV’s predominantly rural yet urban-diverse geography.ResultsIn the weighted sample (N=372,665), 27.5% reported lifetime suicide risk. Those with suicidal thoughts were younger (median age 41), unmarried, in poorer health, and often enrolled in Medicaid. Despite WV’s rural profile, 60.21% of respondents resided in urban-classified counties. Rural residents showed lower odds of suicidal thoughts or behaviors (aOR = 0.87), but factors such as substance use (aOR = 3.75), unmarried status (aOR = 1.51), and mental health disorders (aOR = 2.93) were significant risk factors.ImplicationsSuicide risk factors in WV differ from broader suicidology findings, underscoring the need to address substance use, chronic pain, and mental health in prevention strategies. Further research is needed to explore regional differences in the Appalachian Region for better-targeted interventions.

Background:Suicide is a major global public health concern, particularly among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). While depression is a well-known risk factor, not all patients with MDD attempt suicide, indicating the need to explore additional contributors such as impulsivity.Aim:To assess the role of impulsivity in suicidal behavior among patients with MDD, comparing those with and without a history of suicide attempts.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 150 patients diagnosed with MDD at a tertiary care center, divided into two groups: those with (n = 73) and without (n = 77) suicide attempts. Psychiatric assessments included the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), which evaluates three domains of impulsivity: attentional, motor, and non-planning. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests, Spearman’s rank correlations, and Pearson’s correlations.Results:Patients with suicide attempts had significantly higher SBQ-R (mean = 12.38) and BIS-11 scores (mean = 85.03) compared to non-attempters (SBQ-R mean = 8.22; BIS-11 mean = 61.34; P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in depression severity (HAM-D scores). Among attempters, suicidality was strongly correlated with impulsivity (ρ = 0.423, P < 0.001) and moderately with depression (ρ = 0.336, P = 0.004). Attentional (r = 0.42, P = 0.001) and motor impulsivity (r = 0.31, P = 0.015) were significantly associated with suicide risk.Conclusion:Impulsivity, particularly attentional and motor domains, is a significant independent predictor of suicide attempts in patients with MDD, beyond depression severity. Incorporating impulsivity assessment into routine psychiatric evaluations may enhance suicide risk prediction and inform targeted interventions.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to predict suicidal tendency in individuals with borderline personality disorder based on thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide, as per the Joiner model. Methods and Materials: The research method was correlational, utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the structural relationships. The study population comprised all male and female adults aged 18 to 40 years who visited psychiatric wards and clinics in Tehran during 2021, were diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, and had a history of suicide attempts, suicidal tendency, or suicidal thoughts as determined by screening questions. The sampling was done purposefully through patient screening. According to Kline's theory for SEM designs, the sample size was 500 participants. Suicidal tendency was assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicide Tendency (BSSI), acquired capability for suicide was measured using the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and perceived burdensomeness was assessed using the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ). Data analysis was performed in SPSS and AMOS using SEM. Findings: The results of the structural equation analysis indicated that the proposed research model had an acceptable fit, and the model predicting suicidal tendency in individuals with borderline personality disorder through thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide, as per Joiner's model, was confirmed. Additionally, the secondary results showed that among these variables, acquired capability for suicide played the most significant role in suicidal tendency in individuals with borderline personality disorder. The direct effect of thwarted belongingness, or the experience of alienation from others, on suicidal tendency was approximately 0.23, the effect of perceived burdensomeness was approximately 0.26, and the effect of acquired capability for suicide on suicidal tendency in individuals with borderline personality disorder was approximately 0.28. Consequently, a total of 0.78% of the variance in suicidal tendency in affected individuals can be explained by these three variables, which are the variables of Joiner's model. Conclusion: Thus, the interpersonal theory of suicide proposed by Joiner was confirmed in individuals with borderline personality disorder who participated in this study.

Purpose: Adolescent suicidal ideation is a challenging and concerning problem in mental health, often stemming from a variety of factors. This study aims to analyze how depression, behavioral disorders, and problematic smartphone use can impact the likelihood of suicide attempts in young males, taking into account the role of coping strategies as a mediator. Methodology: The present study is a combination of descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional research methods, with the utilization of a structural model and path analysis. The statistical population for this study consists of all male adolescents in the 10th to 12th grades in Tehran from July to September of 2023. A sample of 165 adolescents was selected using multi-stage random cluster sampling. The research instruments employed were the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ), Mobile Phone Dependence Questionnaire (MPDQ), Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 27 for descriptive statistics, and SmartPLS version 4 was used for path analysis and standard coefficients analysis. The P-value of the study was set at 0.05. Findings: The findings of the study showed that problematic smartphone use was positively and significantly associated with suicidal attempts through the Cognitive evaluation variable. Additionally, depression was also found to have a positive and significant impact on suicidal attempts through the Cognitive evaluation variable. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that depression, behavioral disorders, and problematic smartphone use can contribute to a higher risk of suicide attempts in young male adolescents, leading to a decrease in coping strategies. However, enhancing problem-solving skills and cognitive evaluation can help mitigate this risk. These results are valuable for professionals such as counselors, psychologists, parents, and educators who work closely with adolescents.