Sugarcane Waste Research Articles

Reducing Arsenic Uptake in Cereal Crop Plants with Sugarcane Waste Application: A Comparative Study on the Effects on Physiology, Biochemistry, and Grain Nutrient Status

Reducing Arsenic Uptake in Cereal Crop Plants with Sugarcane Waste Application: A Comparative Study on the Effects on Physiology, Biochemistry, and Grain Nutrient Status

Towards a circular economy: fabrication and characterization of biodegradable plates from sugarcane waste

Bagasse pulp is a promising material to produce biodegradable plates. Bagasse is the fibrous residue that remains after sugarcane stalks are crushed to extract their juice. It is a renewable resource and is widely available in many countries, making it an attractive alternative to traditional plastic plates. Recent research has shown that biodegradable plates made from Bagasse pulp have several advantages over traditional plastic plates. For example, they are more environmentally friendly because they are made from renewable resources and can be composted after use. Additionally, they are safer for human health because they do not contain harmful chemicals that can leach into food. The production process for Bagasse pulp plates is also relatively simple and cost-effective. Bagasse is first collected and then processed to remove impurities and extract the pulp. The pulp is then molded into the desired shape and dried to form a sturdy plate. Overall, biodegradable plates made from Bagasse pulp are a promising alternative to traditional plastic plates. They are environmentally friendly, safe for human health, and cost-effective to produce. As such, they have the potential to play an important role in reducing plastic waste and promoting sustainable practices. Over the years, the world was not paying strict attention to the impact of rapid growth in plastic use. As a result, uncontrollable volumes of plastic garbage have been released into the environment. Half of all plastic garbage generated worldwide is made up of packaging materials. The purpose of this article is to offer an alternative by creating bioplastic goods that can be produced in various shapes and sizes across various sectors, including food packaging, single-use tableware, and crafts. Products made from bagasse help address the issue of plastic pollution. To find the optimum option for creating bagasse-based biodegradable dinnerware in Egypt and throughout the world, researchers tested various scenarios. The findings show that bagasse pulp may replace plastics in biodegradable packaging. As a result of this value-added utilization of natural fibers, less waste and less of it ends up in landfills. The practical significance of this study is to help advance low-carbon economic solutions and to produce secure bioplastic materials that can replace Styrofoam in tableware and food packaging production.

Advancement in Microbial Fuel Cells Technology by Using Waste Extract as an Organic Substrate to Produce Energy with Metal Removal

Energy generation using microbial fuel cells (MFC) and removing toxic metal ions is a potentially exciting new field of study as it has recently attracted a lot of interest in the scientific community. However, MFC technology is facing several challenges, including electron production and transportation. Therefore, the present work focuses on enhancing electron generation by extracting sugarcane waste. MFC was successfully operated in a batch mode for 79 days in the presence of 250 mg/L Pb2+ and Hg2+ ions. Sugarcane extract was regularly fed to it without interruption. On day 38, the maximum current density and power density were recorded, which were 86.84 mA/m2 and 3.89 mW/m2, respectively. The electrochemical data show that a sufficient voltage generation and biofilm formation produce gradually. The specific capacitance was found to be 11 × 10−4 F/g on day 79, indicating the steady growth of biofilm. On the other hand, Pb2+ and Hg2+ removal efficiencies were found to be 82% and 74.85%, respectively. Biological investigations such as biofilm analysis and a recent literature survey suggest that conductive-type pili species can be responsible for energy production and metal removal. The current research also explored the oxidation method of sugarcane extract by bacterial communities, as well as the metal removal mechanism. According to the parameter optimization findings, a neutral pH and waste produced extract can be an optimal condition for MFC operation.

Bismuth Oxide Composite-Based Agricultural Waste for Wound Dressing Applications.

The purpose of this study was to enhance the antimicrobial activity of bagasse paper by coating the paper with bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and using it to accelerate the process of wound healing. Paper sheets were prepared from sugarcane waste (bagasse). First, the paper sheets were coated with different Bi2O3 concentrations to improve the antimicrobial activity of the paper. After that, the paper sheets were allowed to dry in an oven at 50 °C for 3 h. Then, in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated against different microbial species, including Gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes). The obtained results showed that the paper coated with 25% and 100% Bi2O3 had activity against all models of bacteria; however, the paper coated with 100% Bi2O3 composite had the strongest inhibitory effect. Then, bagasse paper was coated with 100% Bi2O3 and different antibiotics, to investigate their wound-healing potency in a wounded rat model for 14 days. Moreover, the paper coated with 100% Bi2O3 inhibited the cellular migration in vitro. Conclusively, coating paper with Bi2O3 enhances the wound-healing potential when applied to wounds. This impact could be ascribed to Bi2O3's broad antibacterial activity, which reduced infection and accelerated the healing process.

Interaction between organic substrates of the southern region of the Ecuadorian Amazon and the presence of Eisenia foetida

This study aimed to evaluate the possible interaction between the chemical properties of some organic substrates of the southern region of the Ecuadorian Amazon and the development and reproduction of the red earthworm (Eisenia foetida), to obtain a bioproduct that can be used as organic fertiliser by producers of the region. The treatments used in the experience were: domestic organic waste (DOW), guinea pig excreta (GPE) and sugar cane waste (SCR), the control (CT) was a clay loam soil from the area. The chemical characterisation of the substrates was carried out before and during the introduction of the earthworms. After the pretreatment period (15 days), 30 individuals of E. foetida were placed in each bed, totalling 360 individuals. Initially, all the substrates showed low nutritional contents, as well as high C/N ratios, a trend that was maintained until the end of the experiment. After 25 days of composting, it was observed that the GPE treatment showed a pH close to neutrality, as well as greater nutrient availability. GPE and DOW were the organic residues with the best conditions for the development of E. foetida. After 45 days of the introduction of the earthworms, the vermicompost obtained could already be used as organic fertiliser, given the availability of nutrients.

Microbial Synthesis of Lactic Acid from Cotton Stalk for Polylactic Acid Production.

Cotton stalk, a waste product in agriculture, serves as a beneficial, low-cost material as a medium for microbial synthesis of lactic acid as desired for polylactic acid synthesis. Cotton stalk was used as a substrate for microbial lactic acid synthesis, and a novel strain of Lactococcus cremoris was reported to synthesize 51.4 g/L lactic acid using cellulose recovered from the cotton stalk. In total, 18 Lactobacillus isolates were isolated from kitchen waste, soil, sugarcane waste, and raw milk samples screened for maximum lactic acid production. It was found that one of the Lactococcus cremoris isolates was found to synthesize maximum lactic acid at a concentration of 51.4 g/L lactic acid in the hydrolysate prepared from cotton stalk. The upstream process parameters included 10% inoculum size, hydrolysate containing reducing sugars 74.23 g/L, temperature 37 °C, agitation 220 rpm, production age 24 h. Only the racemic (50:50) mixture of D-LA and L-LA (i.e., D/L-LA) is produced during the chemical synthesis of lactic acid, which is undesirable for the food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries because only the L-form is digestible and is not suitable for biopolymer, i.e., PLA-based industry where high optically purified lactic acid is required. Furthermore, polylactic acid was synthesized through direct polycondensation methods using various catalysts such as chitosan, YSZ, and Sb2O3. PLA is biocompatible and biodegradable in nature (its blends and biocomposites), supporting a low-carbon and circular bioeconomy.

Sugarcane Waste: Adding Value by Developing Nonwovens

Sugarcane Waste: Adding Value by Developing Nonwovens

The Use of Sugar Cane Waste (Molasses) in the Production of Lactic Acid by L. paracasei CAU 9836 and its Identification by Infrared Spectrum (FT.IR)

The Use of Sugar Cane Waste (Molasses) in the Production of Lactic Acid by L. paracasei CAU 9836 and its Identification by Infrared Spectrum (FT.IR)

Investigations on sensing capability of waste sugarcane bagasse for arsenic ions from aqueous medium

Arsenic contamination of water bodies remains an unresolved problem and should be addressed. In this study, an investigation based on the first principle ab-initio calculations was used for the adsorption of As(III) and As(V) ions by sugar cane bagasse waste was. The study aims to investigate the potential of sugarcane bagasse waste for developing sustainable adsorbents for the water treatment of the water containing heavymetals. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin monomers were used for adsorption studies, accounting for 96 % of sugarcane bagasse. The changes in the electronic properties of the adsorbent monomers and the arsenic ions were examined by obtaining the electrostatic potential maps and the distributions of the HOMO and the LUMO of the monomers. The adsorption energies, based on which the thermodynamic viability of the interactions were validated, were computed using the relaxed structures as well. The time of recoverys were estimated for the As(III) and As(V) ions adsorption over the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin monomers to investigate the recovery of the adsorbent monomers and the reversibility of the adsorption process. Lastly, the Koopmans theorem was used to estimate chemical hardness and chemical potential values. Quantum chemical analysis has demonstrated that sugar cane bagasse waste can potentially eliminate arsenic contamination in aqueous streams. In particular, the sugarcane bagasse showed better adsorption of As(V) ions over the As(III) ions.

Conversion of Lignocellulosic Wastes into Biofertilizer using Bacterial Consortium

Lignocellulosic biomass abundantly and ubiquitously occupies the earth. However, their complex molecular structure prevents their use as a source of organic material for fermentable sugars and nutrients to be used as foods, fertilizers and biofuels. For an efficient carbon cycle, microbial enzymes play a key role in slow biodegradation of lignocellulosic wastes in nature. Microbiological applications can enhance the rate of biodegradation to utilize agro-industrial and organic municipal solid wastes, containing up to 50% lignocellulose substrates, as an inexpensive and sustainable source of plant nutrients. With this hypothesis, the current study was carried out to prepare a consortium of lignocellulose degrading bacteria and use it to convert lignocellulosic substrates in garden, sugarcane, rice, cotton and fruit waste into biofertilizer. Overall, 7-14% reduction in cellulose and 3-6% reduction in lignin content, along with decrease in pH was observed on treatment of above wastes with microbial consortium in 42 days. In spite of the low conversion rates observed in our study, better root, shoot as well as leaf development was observed in moong seedlings grown in soil amended with biofertilizer (3:1 ratio) as compared to controls. Another interesting observation was the biofertilizers with low pH prepared from sugarcane wastes (pH 3.1) and fruit wastes (pH 3.6) supported plant growth more efficiently as compared to other biofertilizers (pH 5.0 to 5.7). Thus, in addition to feasible conversion of lignocellulosic wastes into biofertilizer, our study further suggests the use of selective wastes as raw material depending on the preference of plants for slightly acidic to neutral soil pH for growth.

Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Selulolitik Bakteri Asal Limbah Bagas

Bagasse is one of the by-products of granulated sugar industries or processed beverages that become waste in the environment. The bagasse will be overgrown by cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulase enzymes. This study aims to isolate, characterize, and measure bacterial cellulase activity qualitatively and quantitatively. The research phase included isolation and characterization of bacteria, qualitative cellulase activity test, preparing standard curves and bacterial growth curves, crude extract cellulase production, constructing standard glucose curves, quantitative enzyme activity tests, and data analysis. Six isolates with macroscopic characteristics varied in color, elevation, margins, and colony shape; three bacillus isolates, one short bacillus isolate, and two cocci isolates were obtained. All isolates showed positive test results of amylum, triple sugar iron agar, and catalase; five citrate-positive isolates, and three motile-positive isolates. From the cellulase qualitative test, two bacterial isolates had the highest cellulolytic index, namely AT1 (1.79) and BAW3 (1.72) on 0.5% CMC media. The quantitative cellulase test results of the two selected isolates were 0.01176 U/mL for AT1 and 0.01170 U/mL for BAW3, both of which are still classified as low degradation capabilities.
 
 Keywords: cellulase activity, cellulolytic index, Sugarcane waste

Acceleration of Sugarcane Waste Composting with Mol of Stale Rice

Acceleration of Sugarcane Waste Composting with Mol of Stale Rice

Acceleration of Sugarcane Waste Composting with Mol of Stale Rice

Acceleration of Sugarcane Waste Composting with Mol of Stale Rice

Modulation of the best conditions for improved engine performance and reduced exhaust emissions using an eco-friendly nano additive in parsley biodiesel blend

This research work aims to assess the optimal conditions that would lower exhaust emissions and enhance engine performance using a green synthesized silica nano additive added parsley biodiesel blend. Hence, the process variables were optimized and the interactive influence of engine speed, engine load, and biodiesel blend (B20SNP) concentration was examined using the central composite design tool integrated into the response surface methodology design. The findings of this study showed that the studied variables had a substantial effect on the responses. Also, the ideal conditions for improved efficiency and reduced emissions were predicted to be B20SNP (100 ppm), engine speed (1458.60 rpm), and engine load (98.07%) while the best responses for improved engine characteristics were BTE (31.91%), BSEC (5.97 MJ/kW), BSFC (0.388kg/kWh), HC (19.18%), NOx (198.21 ppm) and CO (0.050 %) at the desirability of 1.000. The results of the ANOVA analysis revealed that B20SNP had the most influence on the behavior of the investigated four-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine. Furthermore, the results of this study asserted that silica nanoparticles made from waste sugarcane bagasse greatly enhanced the diesel engine’s efficiency and reduced emission behavior.

Sugarcane-derived Bio‐Amine‐Responsive Colorimetric Films for real-time visual monitoring of the seafood freshness

A new type of bio-amine-response colorimetric film with excellent flexibility and biodegradability was fabricated by the main components of sugarcane, including sugarcane skin anthocyanin (SSA), bagasse cellulose fibers (CF), and cellulose nanofibers (CNF). Benefiting from the rich hydroxyl groups and large specific surface area of CNF, the sample of adding 10 wt% CNF in CF (CF/CNF10/SSA) presented good mechanical properties (33 Mpa), reusability (10 cycles), excellent color change (ΔE＞5), and excellent antioxidant properties (the free radical scavenging rate of ABTS: 86%). Furthermore, the film had good water resistance (water contact angle only decreases about 20° after 60 s), color stability up to 28 days, and rapid response to ammonia (1–2 s). Thus, CF/CNF10/SSA was successfully used as a low-cost, inoxidizable, and pH/NH3 responsive smart tag to monitor the freshness of seafood in real-time, achieving the high-value utilization of sugarcane waste components.

Utility of acrylic acid grafted lignocellulosic waste sugarcane bagasse for the comparative study of cationic and anionic dyes adsorption applications

Novel effective and eco-friendly advantageous acrylic acid grafted biosorbent derived from sugarcane bagasse (SB) have been explored for the degradation of cationic (MB and Rh 6G) and anionic (MR) dyes from wastewater. Analytical characterization of manufactured biosorbents was performed. To optimize operational conditions, batch adsorption studies were carried out. Cell-g-AAc is a biosorbent made by grafting acrylic acid onto the cellulose backbone. Dye adsorption as a function of pH, dye concentration temperature and contact time was analyzed. Opting several kinetics and adsorption models, the mechanism of adsorption and interactions between biosorbent Cell-g-AAc and various adsorbates were investigated. The Temkin adsorption isotherm has a larger R2 than the other two adsorption isotherms, indicating that the Temkin adsorption isotherm model better fits the adsorption data for MB and Rh 6g (cationic) dyes, but the adsorption of MR (anionic dye) matched the Langmuir model. The MR (anionic) dye followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model during adsorption, while the pseudo-second-order model fits better for MB and Rh 6G (cationic) dyes and dye absorption (mg/g) that is substantially nearer to the observed value. Under ideal conditions, cellulose showed maximum dye removal efficiencies of 87.4 %, 90.2 %, and 73.9 % for the MB, Rh 6G, and MR dyes, respectively. The MB, Rh 6G, and MR dyes, on the other hand, showed 92 %, 97.1 %, and 80.6 % for Cell-g-AAc, respectively.

Waste sugarcane skin-based composite phase change material for thermal energy storage and solar energy utilization

Organic phase change materials (PCMs) with stable melting temperature can efficiently store/release energy, but the leakage and dependence on ambient temperature are hindering their application in a specific environment such as occasions with extremely low temperatures. In this work, porous carbon material was prepared by using waste sugarcane peel (SP) with high fixed carbon as raw material. After loading octadecanamine, the SP porous carbon-based composite PCM reached the phase change enthalpy of 228.6 J/g and showed cycle stability. Meanwhile, composite PCM has excellent solar absorption and photothermal conversion ability. This work demonstrated that the waste SP can be utilized to fabricate highly efficient thermal energy storage and solar energy-utilizing composites, and the obtained results may provide inspiration to researchers.

Dual Role of Sugarcane Waste in Benthic Microbial Fuel to Produce Energy with Degradation of Metals and Chemical Oxygen Demand

One of the most advanced systems of microbial fuel cells is the benthic microbial fuel cell (BMFC). Despite several developments, this strategy still has a number of significant flaws, such as instable organic substrate. Waste material (sugarcane) is used as a substrate in this work to address the organic substrate instability. The process was operated continuously for 70 days. A level of 300 mV was achieved after 33 days of operation, while the degradation efficiencies of Pb (II), Cd (II), and Cr (III) were more than 90%. More than 90% of the removed chemical oxygen demand (COD) was also recorded. The measured power density was 3.571 mW/m2 at 1000 external resistance with 458 internal resistance. This demonstrates that electrons are effectively transported throughout the operation. The Bacillus strains are the most dominant bacterial community on the surface of the anode. This research’s mechanism, which involves metal ion degradation, is also explained. Finally, parameter optimization indicated that pH 7 works efficiently. In addition to that, there are some future perspectives and concluding remarks enclosed.

Synthesis of bagasse nanocellulose-filled composite polyurethane xerogel for the efficient adsorption of Rhodamine-B dye from aqueous solution: investigation of adsorption parameters.

In this study, polyurethane (PU)-based xerogels were synthesized by using the biobased polyol derived from chaulmoogra seed oil. These polyol was used for the preparation of PU xerogels using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate hard segment and polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) as soft segment with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2, 2, 2]octane as catalyst. Tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide were used as the solvents. Nanocellulose (5wt %) prepared from bagasse were added as filler, and the obtained composite xerogels were evaluated for chemical stability. The prepared samples were also characterized by using SEM and FTIR. Waste sugarcane bagasse nanocellulose proved as a cheap reinforcer in the xerogel synthesis and for the adsorption of Rhodamine-B dye from the aqueous solution. The factors that affect the adsorption process have been studied including the quantity of the adsorbent (0.02-0.06g), pH (6-12), temperature (30-50) and time (30-90). Central composite design for four variables and three levels with response surface methodology has been used to get second-order polynomial equation for the percentage dye removal. RSM was confirmed by the measurement of analysis of variance. Increase in the pH and quantity of the adsorbent was found to increase the sorption capacities of the xerogel (NC-PUXe) towards rhodamine B, maximum adsorption.

Bioresoursed Nano-SiO2/Styrene-Co-Vinyl Acetate Nano-Composite: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation as Nano-Pour Point Depressant and Paraffin Inhibitor for Waxy Crude Oil

The problem of wax precipitation and deposition in crude oils at low temperatures causes severe problems in the petroleum industry. Among the various developed approaches to solve this issue is the injection of polymer nano-composites into waxy crude oil. Herein, the bagasse of sugarcane waste as a bioresource was used for silica nano-particles (Nano-SiO2) extraction. Also, a new copolymer of styrene-co-vinyl acetate was prepared then, a novel nano-composite; Nano-SiO2/styrene-co-vinyl acetate composed of the produced bioresoursed Nano-SiO2 and styrene-co-vinyl acetate was prepared. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and gel permeation chromatography analytical techniques were used to characterize the produced materials. Additionally, the synthesized Nano-SiO2/styrene-co-vinyl acetate was applied as a cheap nano-pour point depressant and paraffin inhibitor for the waxy crude oil and its performance was compared with the pristine styrene-co-vinyl acetate copolymer. Various concentrations (100 ppm-800 ppm) of the synthesized additives were injected into the collected crude oil samples at 60 ºC. The results indicated that the dosages of the injected pour point depressants have a significant impact on their performance. Optimum dosages of 400 ppm and 600 ppm of Nano-SiO2/styrene-co-vinyl acetate and styrene-co-vinyl acetate respectively were found to be efficient in depressing the pour point temperature and inhibiting the paraffins aggregation at low temperatures.