Successful Restoration Research Articles

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abutment surface treatments (sandblasting and acid or alkali treatments) on the bonding of titanium dental implant abutments and zirconium-supported ceramic crowns with resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal surface conditioning method for titanium abutments by comparing the tensile bond strength of resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement after sandblasting, acid etching, and alkali treatment. Seventy-six dental implant abutments (AnyOne; MegaGen Co. Ltd., Kyungsan, South Korea) were used in this study. Zirconia-based ceramic crowns for mandibular first molars were fabricated on the titanium abutments. The abutment samples were divided into four groups: a) sandblasting, b) sandblasting followed by acid treatment, c) sandblasting followed by alkaline treatment, and d) a control group. The samples were subjected to surface treatment and imaged using an electron microscope (SEM). The samples of each group were cemented onto ceramic crowns using a glass ionomer reinforced with the radiopaque resin GC FujiCEM Evolve. The specimens were placed in copper anodes with acrylic resin, leaving the neck of the implant analogues and crowns on the exposed abutments. All samples were subjected to a thermal cycling test (5,000 cycles) prior to tensile testing, followed by a tensile test on a universal testing machine, and the bond strength values were recorded. The data obtained were statistically analysed using a one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test. This study showed that surface treatment significantly affects the tensile bond strength between titanium abutments and zirconia-supported crowns. The highest bond strength was observed in the group treated with 48% H2SO4 after Al2O3 sandblasting, while the lowest was in the untreated control group. Although sandblasting alone was effective, subsequent alkali treatment significantly reduced bond strength. SEM analysis confirmed that acid-treated surfaces had the most favorable roughness for micromechanical retention. Proper surface conditioning is essential for the long-term success of implant-supported restorations. This study showed that surface treatments significantly influence the bond strength between titanium abutments and zirconia crowns. The highest tensile strength was achieved with Al2O3 sandblasting followed by 48% H2SO4 acid etching. In contrast, alkali treatment reduced bonding effectiveness. Acid etching after sandblasting is recommended for improved long-term retention of implant-supported restorations.

Successful fertility restoration in AML: ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation three years post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A novel approach in colon cancer treatment: successful conversion of locally advanced colon cancer using endoscopic rendezvous technique combined with multimodal therapy-A case report and literature review.

Matching planting methods to species and site conditions is key in seed-based intertidal seagrass restoration.

Repairing composite mandibular defects with the chimeric deep circumflex iliac artery perforator flap.

Abstract IntroductionOutcomes of ecological restoration treatments can be highly variable and challenging to generalize, even for the same treatment type applied in similar ecological communities at different times and places. Notable examples are the herbicide and seeding treatments that have been extensively applied across the perennial sagebrush steppe of the United States to reduce impacts of fire‐promoting exotic annual grasses (EAGs) such as Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum).ObjectivesWe asked if statistically based generalizations about the effects of pre‐emergent herbicide and drill seeding of perennials, implemented following wildfires when threats of annual‐grass invasion are greatest, could be made from the available literature.MethodsWe conducted a meta‐analysis of these treatment effects for 1228 treatment‐control comparisons from 35 studies published from 1990 to 2023 that met basic criteria for topical relevance and repeatability.ResultsEAGs and forbs were each reduced by herbicides and by seeding perennial grasses. The combination of herbicide and seeding reduced annuals and led to the largest increases in perennials. Although these outcomes support the intended effects of the treatments, there was high variability in outcomes among studies.ConclusionsCombined use of pre‐emergent herbicides and seeding can increase the success of restoration interventions that are aimed at reducing the invasion of exotic annual grasses and increasing perennials after fire in sagebrush steppe. Our analysis revealed, however, that the available literature was not suited to answering more specific questions, in spite of the massive amount of post‐fire herbicide and seedings that have been applied in burned sagebrush steppe. Specifically, there were too few topically relevant studies with adequate scientific reporting to properly evaluate differences among specific treatment methodologies, including specific herbicides, that affect restoration success.

The comparative performance of zirconia and fiber posts in endodontically treated teeth under simulated oral conditions, showsignificant differences in fatigue resistance and bond strength degradation. Zirconia posts initially exhibited superior bond strength;fiber posts maintained better long-term stability under thermocycling and mechanical loading conditions, with implications for clinicallongevity and restoration success rates.

Introduction: Apexification is a well-established endodontic treatment aimed at inducing apical closure in immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp and open apices, often resulting from trauma. The introduction of bioceramic materials has enhanced the predictability and efficiency of this procedure. Description of Case: An 18-year-old female presented with a discolored, non-vital maxillary right central incisor (tooth 11) with a history of trauma at age 10. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed an open apex, wide root canal, and periapical radiolucency, consistent with a diagnosis of pulpal necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis. Apexification was performed using a bioceramic root repair material as a 4 mm apical plug, followed by thermoplastic obturation. Subsequent visits included intracoronal bleaching and esthetic restoration using direct composite resin. The patient remained asymptomatic, and follow-up showed successful periapical healing and esthetic restoration. Discussion: Bioceramic materials offer numerous advantages over traditional calcium hydroxide, including superior biocompatibility, shorter setting time, and reliable sealing in moist conditions. This case supports existing literature indicating high success rates with bioceramic apexification, particularly in trauma-related necrotic teeth where regenerative endodontic therapy may be less predictable. Conclusion: Apexification using bioceramic putty is a predictable and efficient treatment for managing non-vital immature teeth. In this case, the treatment resulted in successful apical closure, symptom resolution, and restoration of function and esthetics, reinforcing the role of bioceramic materials in contemporary endodontic practice.

Erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser debonding has recently emerged as an alternative method for removing zirconia and lithium disilicate restorations. The optical and mechanical properties are critical factors influencing the success of ceramic restorations. However, limited research has focused on how the Er:YAG laser impacts the optical and mechanical properties of these ceramic materials. To investigate the effect of Er:YAG laser debonding treatment on the inherent optical and mechanical properties and surface roughness of different zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramic materials. Forty disc-shaped specimens (14 × 1.2 mm) were fabricated of three different tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (TZP) materials based on their yttria (Y) concentration (3Y-TZP, 4Y-TZP, and 5Y-TZP) and lithium disilicate (IPS E.max) as a control group (n = 10 per group). Each specimen was irradiated with the Er:YAG laser at 335 mJ, 15 Hz, 5.0 W, and 50-μs pulse duration (super short pulse mode). Color change (ΔE00), translucency parameter (TP), biaxial flexural strength (MPa), and surface roughness (Ra) values were measured before and after laser irradiation. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc tests (p < 0.05) at the 95% level of confidence. For ΔE00, except for 3Y-TZP, all groups displayed an increase in color change beyond the defined acceptability threshold of 1.8. No significant changes in the mean values were observed following Er:YAG laser treatment, except for the 3Y-TZP zirconia group (p < 0.05). TP values showed no significant differences (p > 0.05), except for the IPS E.max group, where TP increased significantly after laser treatment (p < 0.05). Regarding biaxial flexural strength, mean values revealed a significant increase in the 5Y-TZP zirconia and IPS E.max groups (p < 0.05). No significant change in surface roughness values was reported (p > 0.05). Er:YAG laser debonding treatment altered some optical and mechanical properties of certain dental ceramics. Nevertheless, the reuse of ceramic restorations remains a feasible and clinically valuable option in dental practice.

ABSTRACTAim:The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative in vitro evaluation of the color stability of two contemporary bulk fill resin composites, Filtek One Bulk Fill (FO-BF), and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (TNC-BF), following immersion in four common pigmenting beverages at distinct time intervals.Materials and Methods:Eighty composite discs (n = 40 per resin type) were fabricated and subdivided into four groups for immersion in Coca-Cola®, coffee, red wine, or green tea. Color measurements were performed using a digital spectrophotometer at baseline and after 3, 12, and 24 h of immersion. Color variation (ΔE) was calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. The data were analyzed using Welch’s analysis of variance, Student’s t-test, and Friedman’s test, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.Results:Red wine induced the most substantial and rapid color change in both FO-BF and TNC-BF resins at all evaluation times (P < 0.05). Coffee also produced significant discoloration in TNC-BF after only 3 h (P < 0.05). The color variation produced by red wine surpassed the clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE > 3.3) in both composites within 3 h. Coffee produced clinically unacceptable staining in TNC-BF at 3 h and in FO-BF at 12 h. By 24 h, all tested beverages caused clinically unacceptable discoloration in both materials (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The color stability of bulk fill composites is significantly influenced by the type of beverage and exposure duration. Red wine is a potent staining agent, causing rapid and clinically unacceptable discoloration in both tested materials. These findings underscore the importance of material selection and patient counseling on dietary habits to ensure the long-term aesthetic success of composite restorations.

To determine the effect of bruxism on the success of posterior composite restorations (PCRs) in endodontically treated teeth (ETT). This cross-sectional, case-control study included 40 case patients (bruxists with PCR post-ETT) and 40 controls (non-bruxists). A matching case-control model was used based on sex, age, follow-up period, cavity classification, and caries risk group. Potential risk factors affecting restoration success, such as sociodemographic characteristics and clinical findings, were recorded. The PCRs were evaluated according to revised FDI criteria. Fisher's exact test and binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical evaluation (p < 0.05). Considering caries at restoration margins (p = 0.007), color match (p = 0.039), dental hard tissue defects at restoration margins (p = 0.001), occlusion and wear (p = 0.001), and surface luster and texture (p = 0.035), bruxists achieved significantly lower success than non-bruxists. Cases had lower overall success than controls (p = 0.001). Bruxism (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.00-1.58), periodontal status (OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.03-1.15), TMJ disorders (OR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.00-1.15), and presence of enamel cracks (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 0.00-1.68) significantly affected restoration success (p < 0.05). Bruxism significantly affects functional, esthetic, and biological success of PCRs in ETT. In bruxists, PCRs in small/medium-sized cavities failed primarily because of wear, followed by color mismatching, roughness, caries, and dental hard tissue fractures. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06881355.

As biodiversity has decreased dramatically in recent decades, the importance of conservation efforts and, specifically, ecological restoration, in preserving natural ecosystems has grown in importance. To achieve necessary biodiversity outcomes, it is crucial that the public support policies and engage in behaviors that contribute to restoration. Individuals also play a crucial role in the actual process of restoration. This research tests the impact of messaging that emphasizes the effect of human intervention in ecological restoration relative to nature‐centric messaging. We conducted a survey with a sample of students, staff, and faculty at a Midwestern university. Respondents were randomly assigned to read a narrative accompanied by a detailed scientific illustration that emphasized responsibility for successful restoration to human volunteers or bison as the primary agents of ecosystem repair. Our results show that centering people in restoration messaging led to respondents being more likely to engage in pro‐restoration behaviors than centering nature in messaging. People‐centric messaging resulted in similar pro‐restoration attitudes and policy preferences when compared to nature‐centric messaging. These findings have implications for how restoration managers, science communicators, and others can most effectively message in promoting restoration to the public.

Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) has attracted global attention with the recent declaration of the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030) by the United Nations (UN), the Bonn Challenge 2011, and New York Declaration 2014 with the aim to bring 350 million hectares of deforested and degraded land into restoration by 2030. FLR serves as a key strategy to bring communities together in identifying and implementing practices that balance ecological, social, and economic benefits across landscapes. The findings from various studies revealed that there are multiple factors behind limited success of restoration despite strong commitment from the national governments. Various studies also highlighted the significant role of local communities in forest management, and recognition of land and forest rights on their behalf as vital elements in ensuring effective forest landscape restoration. However, the significance of community contribution mainly through community based forest management (CBFM) and the need for the security of local communities' rights over forest land resources are so far largely ignored. This paper analyses the overall situation of forest landscape restoration taking the context of Asia region as reference cases with quantitative data and establishes the interrelation between success and failure of restoration with the extent of involvement of local communities and devolution of rights. Finally, the paper suggests specific strategic directions to move forward to recognise the significance of CBFM model in forest landscape restoration.

Material wear significantly impacts the clinical success and longevity of dental ceramic restorations. This in vivo study aimed to assess the wear behavior of IPS Empress® glass-ceramic inlays and onlays over 14 years, considering the influence of different antagonist materials. Fifty-four indirect restorations of 21 patients were available for comprehensive wear analysis, with complete follow-up data for up to 14 years. Three-dimensional measurements relied on digitized epoxy resin models produced immediately post-insertion (baseline) and subsequently at 2, 4, and 14 years. The occlusal region on the baseline model was delineated for comparative analysis. Three-dimensional superimpositions with models from subsequent time points were executed to assess wear in terms of average linear wear and volumetric loss. Statistical analyses were conducted in R (version 4.4.1), employing Mann-Whitney U tests (material comparisons) and Wilcoxon signed rank tests (time point comparisons), with a significance threshold of p ≤ 0.05. During the entire study period, an increase in wear was observed at each assessment interval, gradually stabilizing over time. Significant differences in substance loss were found between the follow-up time points, both for mean (-0.536 ± 0.249 mm after 14a) and integrated distance (-18,935 ± 11,711 mm3 after 14a). In addition, significantly higher wear was observed after 14 years with gold as antagonist compared to other materials (p ≤ 0.03). The wear behavior of IPS Empress® ceramics demonstrates clinically acceptable long-term outcomes, with abrasion characteristics exhibiting stabilization over time.

ABSTRACT Agriculture in the Upper Mississippi River basin (UMRB) has greatly boosted production and regional economic growth over the past century. However, this success has brought unintended negative impacts to streams and aquatic life in the basin, including increased sedimentation, nutrient loading, eutrophication, and hypoxia. Additionally, thousands of miles of streams have been channelized, impounded, or altered for irrigation, flood control, power, water supply, and transportation. The Fishers and Farmers Partnership (hereafter, “Partnership”) was founded in 2010 to address longstanding challenges in stream habitat degradation and limited success from traditional restoration approaches (i.e., scattered, short-term, site-scale projects with limited biological monitoring and reporting). The mission of the Partnership is to support locally led conservation projects that add value to farms while restoring aquatic habitat and native fish populations. The effort unites fisheries professionals, farmers, and conservationists to restore stream health, while supporting sustainable agricultural practices. Emphasizing voluntary, nonregulatory solutions, this partnership focuses on engaging farmers directly in the planning, implementation, and long-term maintenance of fish habitat conservation projects. Peer-to-peer farmer workshops and a tailored communication strategy have played key roles in expanding engagement and fostering trust. The Partnership has approved 41 projects across 19 subbasins, addressing instream and upland restoration needs through practices such as oxbow restoration, bank stabilization, riparian buffers, and nutrient reduction. Lessons learned highlight the importance of respect, independence, and local knowledge in gaining farmer support, as well as the necessity of scalable strategies to extend restoration impacts basinwide. The Partnership demonstrates that shared stewardship between fishers and farmers can deliver ecological and community benefits, building a foundation for long-term restoration success.

Restoration is a powerful tool to ameliorate global change, but unreached goals cast doubt on its efficacy. Here, we call for prioritizing long‐term, continued intervention and increased inclusivity within the field of restoration, particularly in North America. Many have called to re‐examine the field of restoration; we are not the first. The prevailing paradigm, though, of applying discrete restoration interventions to achieve a final “restored” state yields inconsistent outcomes. Additionally, collaboration gaps between researchers, managers, and the community do little to garner restoration success. To answer the call for continued intervention and increased inclusivity, the authors founded Hands on the Land (HOTL), an organization that gives all people free, repeated restoration experience. HOTL prioritizes inclusion through socio‐ecological thinking, equity, safety, and support. Lastly, we address challenges to adopting the HOTL model. Ultimately, the benefits of combining long‐term restoration with inclusivity are multiplicative and go beyond standard outcomes of restoration.

Background: Minimally invasive cavity preparation (MIC) is an evolving restorative technique aimed at preserving sound tooth structure while ensuring effective caries removal. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of minimally invasive cavity preparation in terms of patient comfort, restoration success, and post-operative sensitivity by comparing it to the conventional cavity preparation method. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted involving 80 patients, randomly divided into two groups: MIC (n=40) and conventional (n=40), by a random sampling technique. The study took place at the Department of Operative Dentistry at BMDC and LUMHS, Karachi, from January to May 2023 (EC/Ref/812-23-2023). Sample size was determined with the help of OpenEpi 3.0.0 using a power of 80% and an alpha of 0.05. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. A chi-square test and an independent t-test were performed for the variables measured. A p-value was considered significant when less than 0.05. Results: Patients in the MIC group showed significantly reduced cavity size (mean depth: 1.8 mm vs. 2.5 mm, p&lt;0.001), lower discomfort scores (mean 3.2 vs. 6.5, p&lt;0.001), and fewer reports of post-operative sensitivity (4 (10%) vs. 12 (30%), p=0.02) compared to the conventional group. Restoration success was higher in the MIC group (38 (95%)) than in the conventional group (33 (82.5%)), although this was not statistically significant (p=0.07). Conclusion: MIC proved to be better for patients in terms of comfort and keeping tooth structures intact than conventional treatments. Although both techniques had the same rate of successful restorations, the MIC approach is more favorable.

Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) is a non‐native tree invading riparian areas across the western United States. It is frequently the target of restoration through removal, but restoration success has been variable, and reinvasion and secondary invasion can occur in restored areas. Revegetation following removal is often considered necessary to reduce secondary invasion because of the substantial soil disturbance involved with tree removal. We experimentally assessed the long‐term impact of Russian olive removal and subsequent revegetation with different plant functional groups on ecological function in an invaded riparian ecosystem. We found that revegetation treatments reduced perennial grass invasion but did not contribute to ecological function in other capacities. As such, revegetation is necessary if the primary post‐removal goal is preventing non‐native perennial grass reinvasion. However, it will not increase native riparian woody species abundance, reduce secondary annual grass invasion, limit reinvasion by Russian olive, or increase floral resources.

This study examined the relationship between microhardness, morphology, and phase composition of dental yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP), which directly impact their long-term clinical performance and durability. The primary objective was to investigate the effects of yttria content and polishing on the surface properties and hardness of these materials. Samples from ZirCAD Prime, Cercon ht ML, ZIRCONIA YML, and ZirCAD LT were analyzed using Vickers hardness testing, Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM analysis revealed a gradual increase in grain size and porosity with higher yttria content in unpolished samples. Polishing resulted in a relatively uniform surface morphology with observable striations across all samples, subsequently leading to similar Vickers hardness values for all polished samples. PXRD and SEM analyses identified that these similar hardness values were likely due to the predominant monoclinic phase on the surface, induced by polishing. These findings underscore the significant influence of yttria content and polishing on Y-TZP microstructure and surface hardness, highlighting their critical role in the long-term success and clinical applicability of dental restorations.

Abstract Efforts to combat land degradation globally have led to the widespread promotion of sustainable land management practices (SLMPs) aimed at reducing surface runoff and erosion. Despite their extensive implementation, long-term evaluations of these practices are limited, especially in data-scarce regions. In our study, we assess the long-term impact of large-scale SLMPs in Ethiopia using remotely sensed data from the past 24 years on 122 watersheds. Using a synthetic control method that does not require an explicit control group, we find statistically significant positive effects of SLMPs in both wet and dry seasons. These benefits persist at least eight years beyond the intervention period. Our findings highlight the need for multi-season impact assessments. Focusing only on the wet season may overlook key outcomes in dryland regions, underestimating the effectiveness of large-scale, multi-year projects. We further find that effects were most positive in drought-prone agricultural highlands, and that some administrative zones appear more effective than others at implementation. Efficient and affordable monitoring of sustainable agricultural water and land management and watershed conservation is crucial for understanding which interventions are effective and can provide opportunities for alternative financing mechanisms.