Subordinate Knowledge Research Articles

Supervisor bottom-line mentality and subordinate knowledge hiding: role of team climate

PurposeDrawing on social information processing theory, this study constructs a multilevel moderated mediation model. This model seeks to delve into the intricate and previously overlooked interplay between supervisor bottom-line mentality (BLM) and knowledge hiding. Within this context, we introduce self-interest as a mediating factor and incorporate performance climate as a team-level moderating variable.Design/methodology/approachThe time-lagged data involve 336 employees nested in 42 teams from 23 automobile sales companies in five regions of China. The analysis was meticulously executed using Hierarchical Linear Modeling, complemented by bias-corrected bootstrapping techniques.FindingsThe findings reveal that self-interest acts as a full mediator in the positive link between supervisor BLM and knowledge hiding. Furthermore, the performance climate plays a moderating role in both the relationship between supervisor BLM and self-interest, and the entire mediation process. Notably, these relationships are intensified in environments with a high performance climate compared to those with a low one.Originality/valueThis research stands as one of the pioneering efforts to integrate supervisor BLM into the discourse on knowledge hiding, elucidating the underlying psychological mechanisms and delineating the boundary conditions that shape the “supervisor BLM–knowledge hiding” relationship. Further, our insights provide organizations with critical guidance on strategies to curtail knowledge hiding among their employees.

THE LINKAGES BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE HIDING & KNOWLEDGE SHARING VIA LMX & AGREEABLENESS: A MEDIATED MODERATED MODEL

The study will contribute to the knowledge hiding literature by providing interesting insights in trickledown effect of supervisor knowledge hiding on subordinate knowledge sharing behavior with the co-workers, while; here, LMX as mediator would extend literature of knowledge hiding. Drawing on SET & COR theory by using cross-sectional data collected over structured questionnaire from employees of TEVTA organization, the research will be a considerable addition in both knowledge hiding and knowledge sharing literature. It would also provide the considerable knowledge in OB studies where personality traits i.e., agreeableness as moderator will influence upon relationship of LMX and knowledge sharing by subordinate with coworkers. It argues that, the effects of supervisor knowledge hiding (predictor) not stop at subordinate end while it transmits (trickledown) in coworker and badly affect their social well-being (outcome). More interestingly, agreeableness will moderate relation of LMX & subordinate knowledge sharing behavior with co-workers while the COR will support to author’s stance. In addition, theoretical and practical implications of the study are also a key point of the present research.

A Dialogue between Curriculum Development and Postmodern Perspectives: A Context of Local Knowledge

This article provides insights into curriculum development from a postmodern perspective on the sustainability and usability of local or indigenous knowledge systems. This paper examines the western thoughts that potentially affect local and indigenous knowledge by analyzing interviews with scholars involved in higher education and explores how western thoughts affect the existing Nepalese school curriculum. Although western thought permeates and pervades our educational practices, the benefits go to them implicitly by subordinating us. There is an argument in the article that postmodern ideas have originated in the womb of western understanding; the ideas in this article are argued to be adaptable to our curriculum development. The rationale behind it is that our current curriculum thinking, from Tayler to Hlynka and Yeaman’s outline of key postmodern thinking, ignores the indigenous nature of knowledge systems, largely othering them as subordinate knowledge. It explores that the developed curriculum should represent unheard voices, ignored realities, and the histories and experiences of underrepresented groups. The authors conclude by suggesting that policies, plans, and programs should be adapted to reflect the underrepresented and unheard voices of the society.

Congruence in leaders-subordinates' mindfulness and knowledge hiding: The role of emotional exhaustion and gender similarity.

Many scholars have focused on understanding ways of how to suppress knowledge hiding by employees. Existing studies have demonstrated that mindfulness could effectively inhibit employees' knowledge hiding. This study aims to investigate the impact of leader-subordinate mindfulness congruence on subordinate knowledge hiding and its internal mechanisms. Based on the role theory, we collected 169 leadership data and 368 employee data at three time-points through collecting questionnaire of matching leaders and subordinates. In addition, we used polynomial regression and response surface analysis to validate our research hypotheses. The results demonstrated that: (i) Compared with the "high leader-high subordinate" mindfulness congruence condition, subordinates in the "low leader-low subordinate" mindfulness congruence condition were more likely to exhibit knowledge hiding. (ii) Compared with the "low leader-high subordinate" mindfulness incongruence, subordinates under the "high leader-low subordinate" mindfulness incongruence are more likely to exhibit knowledge hiding. (iii) The more incongruent the mindfulness between the leader and the subordinate is, the more likely an employee is to exhibit knowledge hiding. (iv) Emotional exhaustion mediated the correlation between leader-subordinate mindfulness congruence and knowledge hiding. (v) When the gender of the leader and the subordinate is different, the impact of mindfulness congruence on the inhibition of emotional exhaustion is stronger. This study provides a new perspective for researching the impact of mindfulness on individual behavior and provides a new idea for the research related to inhibiting knowledge hiding.

An analysis of the trickle-down effect of supervisor knowledge hiding on subordinate knowledge hiding based on displaced aggression theory.

The harm of horizontal knowledge hiding behavior (colleague–colleague) to individuals and organizations has been discussed and confirmed by many studies. The negative consequences of top-down (supervisor–subordinate) knowledge hiding have now emerged as a new focus of research. This study aims to enrich the understanding of the consequences of supervisor knowledge hiding by exploring its trickle-down effect and mechanism. Based on the displaced aggression theory in psychology, this paper analyses and examines the cognitive psychological process and mechanism informing employee knowledge hiding from colleagues when faced with their supervisor’s malicious knowledge hiding behavior. Using a three-stage time-lag questionnaire survey strategy, we collect 233 valid samples of full-time employees from representative provinces and cities in China, covering multiple industries. The following findings are observed: (1) Supervisor knowledge hiding from subordinates (SKHS) positively affects subordinate knowledge hiding from colleagues (SKHC); (2) Revenge motivation plays a mediating role; (3) Traditionality weakens the influence of supervisor knowledge hiding on a subordinates’ revenge motivation. This study confirms the trickle-down effects of supervisor knowledge hiding behavior, extends research on the consequences of top-down knowledge hiding and its mechanism and provides new insights for organizational practice.

Does small and medium enterprise differential leadership increase subordinate knowledge hiding? Evidences from job insecurity, territorial consciousness and leadership performance expectation.

Leadership is considered as a significant antecedent of knowledge hiding in SMEs (small and medium enterprises), but the differential dimension of leadership has been evidently neglected in both theoretical and empirical areas. Drawing on conservation of resource theory and social cognitive theory, this research investigates whether and how SME differential leadership influences subordinate knowledge hiding. Specifically, we analyze the underlying mechanisms of a chain-mediator—job insecurity and territorial consciousness and a boundary condition—leadership performance expectation. Multi-wave and multi-source data were collected from a sample of 704 Chinese SME employees and 140 relevant leaders and applied HLM meso-mediational frameworks, and Bootstrap technique with non-parametric percentile residuals for deviation correction. The results show that differential leadership plays a potential role in promoting subordinate knowledge hiding through the serial intervening mechanism of job Insecurity and territorial consciousness in SMEs. Furthermore, the positive relationship between SME differential leadership and job insecurity becomes stronger among subordinates under higher leadership performance expectation; the positive indirect relationship between SME differential leadership and subordinate knowledge hiding is stronger with higher levels of leadership performance expectation. This study contributes to the existing academic literature by empirically analyzing the under-investigated correlation between differential leadership and subordinate knowledge hiding in SMEs, and by exploring the underlying mechanisms and a boundary condition.

Building Participatory Knowledge Infrastructure Against the GMO Agribusiness Regime: The Case of Los Campamentos Sanitarios

From 2010 to 2019, Argentinian medical students and faculty at the Universidad Nacional de Rosario worked with allies from grassroots movements to routinize new epidemiological data collection practices designed to call medical students’ attention to the public health consequences of industrial agriculture’s indiscriminate use of pesticides. This paper charts the rise and fall of their collective efforts to institutionalize participatory knowledge and pedagogy that directly challenged the political legitimacy of industrial agriculture. We anchor our study in a trio of concepts—sociotechnical regime, niche, and network—using these tools to describe the dynamic interplay among dominant and subordinate knowledge systems. Our analysis reveals that radical participatory projects cannot be understood without reference to the historical and institutional contexts that structure opportunities and constraints within which participatory knowledge research is developed, implemented, and sustained. Publisher’s Note: A Spanish language version of the article has been added after publication on 25 October 2023 and can be found in the Translations section below, or alternatively downloaded as one of the downloadable files for this article.

Alexithymia, social inhibition, affectivity, and knowledge hiding

Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of adverse personality traits (alexithymia, social inhibition, negative affectivity) and supervisor knowledge hiding on individual knowledge hiding. This study also explores the moderating role of positive affectivity. Design/methodology/approach Partial least squares path modeling and data collected from 518 Polish employees with higher education and extensive professional experience recruited via an Ariadna survey panel were used to test the research hypotheses. Findings Two dimensions of alexithymia were considered: difficulty identifying feelings (DIF) and difficulty describing feelings (DDF). DIF has a direct impact on individual hiding, whereas DDF has an indirect impact, via social inhibition. Negative affectivity is a predictor of social inhibition, which enhances knowledge hiding. Positive affectivity slightly weakens the positive and strong effect of supervisor knowledge hiding on subordinate knowledge hiding. Practical implications Because alexithymia, social inhibition and negative affectivity may predispose employees to knowledge hiding, managers should identify these personality traits among job applicants and hired employees to make appropriate employment decisions. Moreover, managers should be aware that hiding knowledge by a supervisor may be imitated by subordinates. Originality/value Based on conservation of resources theory, this study investigates previously unexplored relationships among alexithymia, social inhibition, affectivity and knowledge hiding.

Supervisor Bottom-Line Mentality and Subordinates Knowledge Hiding: A Moderated Mediation Study

This article exploits and test a moderated mediation model to examine the occurrence of knowledge hiding as a consequence of subordinates’ reactive toward their supervisors with BLM. More precisely, we examine indirect relationship between supervisor BLM and subordinate knowledge hiding through subordinate BLM, as well as subordinate gender play in strengthening or mitigating this relationship. Across a field study, we found strong support for our hypotheses; these findings have a lot of implications for literature and practice.

A natural field experiment examining the joint role of audit partner leadership and subordinates’ knowledge in fraud brainstorming

Research shows that audit partner leadership is critical to achieving fraud brainstorming objectives. We examine how partner leadership and subordinate knowledge jointly influence brainstorming processes and outcomes. We conduct a natural field experiment that manipulates partner leadership during actual brainstorming sessions to leverage naturally-occurring differences in the knowledge levels of managers versus seniors. Our design allows us to examine how knowledge differences within the organization influence judgments on actual engagements, thereby facilitating uniquely realistic inferences about partner leadership in interactive brainstorming. We predict and find that quality-differentiated leadership improves the mental representations of fraud risk for seniors, but not managers. Consistent with theory around shared mental models, these changes are, in turn, associated with the engagement team's planned fraud risk responses. Further analyses reveal that our leadership prompts are relatively more novel for seniors than managers, supporting the notion that seniors have more room for improvement in their mental representations than managers.

«Conformez-vous!»: Les résistances et contestations à la marchandisation du savoir dans l’université néolibérale

This article is the result of the reflections and debates that have been generated about the contemporary university at the Doctoral Seminar in Political Science at the Universite du Quebec a Montreal. The economic and political changes of the 1970s stimulated a reorganization of the knowledge production process. In order to adapt to the new socio-political context of market liberalization and state efforts to establish the competitiveness of national economies, universities have had to undergo a major restructuring. The neoliberal university is then characterized by a demand for increased productivity, by budget cuts, by the accumulation of administrative tasks for teachers as well as by a commercialization of knowledge. In this sense, this article aims to question the neoliberalisation of the contemporary university and the practical transformations that characterize it in order to propose ways of thinking about the possible resistance to precariousness of the institution by the system. neoliberal. It presents a brief context on the emergence of the neoliberal university and the characteristics of this type of university. In a second step, the article tackles ways of resistance to the commercialization of knowledge and, finally, it proposes a reflection on the contestation of the hegemonic knowledges. In short, the article invites the questioning of the productivity logic underlying the neoliberal university and hides a system of homogenization of thought that contributes to the construction of hegemonic knowledge leading to the marginalization of subordinate knowledge.

Guidelines for Application of the Constituent Roadmap of Product Design Based on Axiomatic Design

The ‘Constituent Roadmap of Product Design’ (CRPD) is a framework that is applied to track the designers’ knowledge of a product design as it progresses during development. The Constituent Roadmap of Product Design was introduced in late 2015 and relies heavily on Axiomatic Design; it uses Axioms 1 and 2 to model understanding of the product- and manufacturing-design by the designer. A central theme when applying the Constituent Roadmap is a procedure of regularly updating the ‘Check Matrix’. The Check Matrix is a table that continuously monitors the designer's knowledge position. Correct application of the check matrix is bound to a number of behavioural characteristics that need to be taken into consideration, e.g.: (i) in a decomposed system, it is not possible that a knowledge score at a certain hierarchical level exceeds that of one of its sublevels. A lack of knowledge is, similar to information in design, the sum of its subordinate knowledge deficits. (ii) on the other hand, the score in the check matrix indeed may exceed that of its lower levels during the process of zigzagging, as zigzagging is a process that advances top-down through the hierarchy of the product design.This paper explains how to apply the check matrix under various circumstances without violating the hierarchical dependencies of good practice in design.

A Field Experiment Examining Audit Subordinates' Knowledge and a Partner-Led Intervention in Fraud Brainstorming

In a field experiment, we leverage differences in audit subordinates’ job-relevant knowledge about clients, fraud brainstorming objectives, and “normal” audit partner leadership to explore whether and how knowledge moderates the effect of a partner-led intervention on brainstorming processes and outcomes. Our research design allows us to examine how differences in subordinate knowledge (between seniors and managers) influence auditors’ judgment processes on actual audit engagements, thereby facilitating uniquely realistic inferences about the conditions under which prompt-based interventions influence brainstorming. We develop and test a theoretical model that articulates an indirect effect of quality-differentiated partner leadership on brainstorming outcomes through changes in subordinates’ mental representations of fraud risk, conditional on subordinate knowledge. We manipulate partner leadership in brainstorming sessions for actual audit engagements and induce quality-differentiated leadership in our treatment group. We measure changes in mental representations using retrospective recalls of targeted professional skepticism, the number of new fraud risks identified, and changes in fraud risk assessments as a result of brainstorming. We predict and find an effect of quality-differentiated partner leadership on changes in the mental representations of seniors, but not managers. We also predict and find an indirect effect on fraud risk response outcomes (i.e., planned procedures) through changes in mental representations of seniors, but not managers. Both effects are stronger for seniors than managers. Our findings suggest knowledge differences as an explanatory factor that can guide the interpretation of, and potentially reconcile, prior mixed findings regarding incremental benefits of interventions in teams that are already brainstorming interactively.

Mental representation of brands: a schema-based approach to consumers’ organization of market knowledge

Purpose – This paper aims to review the notion of schemata in consumer behavior, placing particular emphasis on the conceptualization of brand knowledge, and illustrate how schema theory may act as a unifying conceptual framework to study what consumers know about products and brands. Extant research on how consumers conceptualize brands lacks a single, coherent theoretical framework. The literature is fragmented into different approaches that may prevent comparisons across studies and make it difficult to draw conclusive results. Design/methodology/approach – The paper discusses the central tenets of schema theory and then presents the structure of schematic knowledge and the main typology of consumer schemata. It focuses on the brand schema, delineating its internal properties and drawing analogies with other approaches used to describe consumers’ mental representation of brands. Findings – Schema theory can provide a comprehensive framework to analyze how consumers perceive brand information. A cognitive schema specifies the parameters of knowledge content, discriminates between different types of information and indicates how various pieces of information relate to one another. Importantly, the internal structure of schemata remains stable across conceptual domains, allowing to investigate brand-specific knowledge in different contexts and in conjunction with superordinate and subordinate knowledge structures. Originality/value – This is the first systematic review of the notion of schemata in consumer behavior. It thoroughly describes how schema theory from psychology has been applied in marketing research to describe the organization of market knowledge and illustrates how it may function as an analytical tool.

Knowledge flow from the top: the importance of teamwork structure in team sports

Research questions: Downward managerial knowledge flow is essential for teamwork to function, yet the capabilities that coaches utilize to transmit knowledge to their players remain understudied. Drawing on contingency theory and the tacit–explicit knowledge distinction, the paper explores how and why managerial capabilities are used for knowledge flow in two different sport teams, organized with tall and flat teamwork structures.Research methods: Case studies are presented of two Division I (National Collegiate Athletic Association, NCAA) sport teams in a major university located in the northeastern USA, representing tall and flat teamwork structures (American football and ice hockey). Data include a total of 30 in-depth interviews of coaches and players, along with observations of team meetings, games and practices collected during 11 months.Results and findings: Findings reveal different knowledge flow patterns in the two cases. In a tall teamwork structure, capabilities focused on turning tacit managerial knowledge into explicit, subordinate knowledge. In a flat teamwork structure, capabilities emphasized transmitting tacit knowledge to players.Management implications: The findings apply to team sports, franchises, sport leagues and, more broadly, to organizations that are concerned with understanding how knowledge flow is contingent upon the nature of the work. Specifically, the findings suggest that different knowledge flow capabilities can serve two functions: either to standardize work and maximize efficiency or to foster creativity and empowered learning.

THE ROLE OF TEACHER KNOWLEDGE IN ESP COURSE DESIGN

Abstract English for specific purposes (ESP) has been conceptualized by its leading scholars, like Hutchinson and Waters (1987) or Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998), as a multi-stage process, where the ESP practitioner fulfils a variety of roles, including that of learner needs researcher, course designer, language instructor, learning assessor, and course evaluator. The performance of these roles requires considerable knowledge of a linguistic, socio-cultural and pedagogical nature, necessary to inform the teacher’s cognitive processes, par- ticularly those involved in course decision making. The necessary professional knowledge of the ESP teacher, which is gained through professional school- ing, teacher training, and teaching experience, comprises both relevant theo- retical concepts (knowing what) and performance skills (knowing how). It di- rectly impacts on all stages of the ESP process, namely the planning, design, teaching, assessment and evaluation of a course, largely determining its quality. The present paper focuses on ESP teacher cognition, especially those cognitions (i.e. knowledge and beliefs) that are involved in course design, informing the teacher’s choices of course parameters and instructional practices. Elaborating on the concepts developed by language cognition scholars, like Shulman (1987), Andrews (e.g. 2007), and Borg (e.g. 2006), the author tries to outline the in- ternal structure of ESP teacher cognition and describe the function of each subordinate knowledge base. The paper also presents the preliminary results of a small-scale exploratory study into the professional cognition of 13 teachers of Legal and Business English employed at the University of Warsaw.

Cultivating Disconcertment

In this paper we explore a moment of intersection between ‘Western’ and Taiwanese social science knowledge that took place in a Taiwanese seminar in 2009. Our interest is post-colonial: we treat this as an encounter between dominant and subordinate knowledge systems, and follow Helen Verran by conceiving of the bodily disconcertment experienced by the participants as an expression of metaphysical difference. We then provide three contexts for that disconcertment: one, the post-1949 story of Taiwanese economic development; two, the syncretism of Taiwanese street Daoism; and three, the history of philosophy where we draw on contrasts between Western and Chinese traditions. We suggest that each of these contexts is embedded in and informs the disconcertment experienced in the exchange. We then argue that rendering the origins of this disconcertment discursively accountable is performative. Our conclusion is that the cultivation and articulation of disconcertment is a crucial tool for interrogating and moving beyond the metaphysics, the subjectivities, and the institutional organisational forms that together help to reproduce hegemonic Western knowledge traditions.

Lost in semantic space: a multi-modal, non-verbal assessment of feature knowledge in semantic dementia

A novel, non-verbal test of semantic feature knowledge is introduced, enabling subordinate knowledge of four important concept attributes--colour, sound, environmental context and motion--to be individually probed. This methodology provides more specific information than existing non-verbal semantic tests about the status of attribute knowledge relating to individual concept representations. Performance on this test of a group of 12 patients with semantic dementia (10 male, mean age: 64.4 years) correlated strongly with their scores on more conventional tests of semantic memory, such as naming and word-to-picture matching. The test's overlapping structure, in which individual concepts were probed in two, three or all four modalities, provided evidence of performance consistency on individual items between feature conditions. Group and individual analyses revealed little evidence for differential performance across the four feature conditions, though sound and colour correlated most strongly, and motion least strongly, with other semantic tasks, and patients were less accurate on the motion features of living than non-living concepts (with no such conceptual domain differences in the other conditions). The results are discussed in the context of their implications for the place of semantic dementia within the classification of progressive aphasic syndromes, and for contemporary models of semantic representation and organization.

Semantic Memory Functioning and the Left Temporal Lobe

Abstract The authors report further investigations of patient HA who suffered a head injury in a road traffic accident at the age of 21, which resulted in her left temporal and parietal lobe being largely replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Despite this devastating lateralized brain damage acquired in adulthood, she presented with relatively normal neurological and neuropsychological functioning, including preservation of verbal memory. Further analysis of her brain structure revealed a preserved strip of inferior and medial left temporal cortex. The focus of the present investigation was to carry out additional studies of HA's semantic memory functioning. Naming, category fluency, visual attribute, superordinate and subordinate knowledge were assessed, as well as both abstract and concrete comprehension, autobiographical memory and knowledge of semantic property information. The results indicate that HA demonstrated relatively normal semantic memory functioning for a woman of her age. It is proposed that the preserved strip of inferotemporal cortex may account for this normative performance, providing further support for the theoretical importance of this region in relation to semantic memory functioning.

Semantic memory functioning and the left temporal lobe

The authors report further investigations of patient HA who suffered a head injury in a road traffic accident at the age of 21, which resulted in her left temporal and parietal lobe being largely replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Despite this devastating lateralized brain damage acquired in adulthood, she presented with relatively normal neurological and neuropsychological functioning, including preservation of verbal memory. Further analysis of her brain structure revealed a preserved strip of inferior and medial left temporal cortex. The focus of the present investigation was to carry out additional studies of HA's semantic memory functioning. Naming, category fluency, visual attribute, superordinate and subordinate knowledge were assessed, as well as both abstract and concrete comprehension, autobiographical memory and knowledge of semantic property information. The results indicate that HA demonstrated relatively normal semantic memory functioning for a woman of her age. It is proposed that the preserved strip of inferotemporal cortex may account for this normative performance, providing further support for the theoretical importance of this region in relation to semantic memory functioning.