Submission Decision Research Articles

A Matter of Journal Choice: A Conjoint Experiment on Submission Choices of Latin American IR Scholars

Abstract This article addresses the underrepresentation of Global South scholars in Global North journals. In order to explore this issue, we conducted a study on the submission decisions of Global South scholars, with a focus on International Relations (IR). We collected novel data on IR scholars based in Latin America and conducted a conjoint experiment on a sample of 446 scholars. Our study provides the first experimental evidence of journal submission choice in Political Science in the Global South. Our findings indicate that both journal attributes and individual characteristics impact the choice of journal, including factors such as language, editorial location, and acceptance rates. This research has important implications for the discipline and for journal editors in the Global North, as it provides valuable insights on how to promote diversity in academic publishing as well as the limits of such strategies.

Meta-Analysis of 49 Roche Oncology Trials Comparing Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR) and Local Evaluation to Assess the Value of BICR.

Blinded independent central review (BICR) of radiographic images is frequently conducted in oncology trials to address the potential bias of local evaluation (LE) of endpoints such as progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). Given that BICR is a complex and costly process, we evaluated the agreement between LE- and BICR-based treatment effect results and the impact of BICR on regulatory decision-making. Meta-analyses were performed using hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS and odds ratios (ORs) for ORR from all randomized Roche-supported oncology clinical trials during 2006-2020 that had both LE and BICR results (49 studies with a total of over 32 000 patients). Overall, the evaluation bias of LE overestimating the treatment effect compared with BICR based on PFS was numerically small and not clinically meaningful, especially for double-blind studies (HR ratio between BICR and LE: 1.044). A larger bias is more likely to occur in studies with open-label design, smaller sample sizes, or an unequal randomization ratio. The majority (87%) of the PFS comparisons led to the same statistical inference by BICR and LE. For ORR, a high degree of agreement between BICR and LE results was also observed (OR ratio of 1.065), although the agreement was slightly lower than for PFS. BICR did not notably impact the study interpretation nor drive the sponsor's regulatory submission decisions. Hence, if bias can be diminished by appropriate means, LE is deemed as reliable as BICR for certain study settings.

Overcoming Covid19 Effect to Implement NAAC: Mind Mapping

Abstract :The sudden impact of Covid19 in India coincided with the NAAC assessment submission decision at Sreyas Institute of Engineering & Technology at Hyderabad, India. Institute decided to document the upgraded National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) version and submit it to the NAAC board during February 2020; Covid19 started spreading in India. By March first week, a total lockdown started, and all educational institutions were closed. Along with quickly adapting to online classes, online examinations for the benefit of student's the staff also adopted the online media to complete the NAAC documentation as per the new standards laid by NAAC. To motivate the staff, who were technically knowledgeable, a lateral thinking approach was adopted. The criteria aspects were mapped to the socio, spiritual, scientific, and management aspects to bring the group together to focus on achieving their common goal for the institute of achieving the assessment and approval of the upgraded NAAC procedures and standards. Within the Covid locked down period of about five months, the required five years of data of all aspects of all criteria were collected with co-operation among the staff, and the submission was completed in September of 2020. This report is to focus on the mind mapping used initially to bring the faculty team together forpreparing the NAAC Document. All seven criteria of the NAAC system were mapped to socio, scientific and spiritual practices through which all humans were brought up. The relationship is communicated via zoom meetings to all staff and the criteria in charge. Commitment improved as they related the known imbibed knowledge they possessed. Keywords: Covid19; Mind Mapping; NAAC; Baghavad Gita; Engineering Institute; Pedagogy

Utilizing restricted mean duration of response for efficacy evaluation of cancer treatments.

In oncology clinical trials, response-based endpoints (time to response, objective response, duration of response [DOR]) are commonly used to detect therapeutic effect to support proof-of-concept or submission decisions. The restricted mean DOR (RMDOR) was recently proposed as a composite nonparametric method to efficiently quantify the treatment effect related to tumor reductions, which offers an intuitive way to perform statistical inference in cross-arm comparison and has since been applied in some Phase III studies. In this paper, we provide further technical details and asymptotic properties of the RMDOR method and discuss the selection of the truncation time. A simulation study is conducted comparing the performance of the proposed method with existing standard methods in hypothesis testing and quantification of treatment efficacy. We use two oncology Phase III examples to illustrate the method. An R package PBIR and a SAS macro are available to perform statistical inference based on the RMDOR.

A note on performance indicators for agricultural economic journals

AbstractWe investigate various performance indicators of ten leading journals in the field of Agricultural Economics and Policy over the period from 2000 to 2020. More specifically, we combine various data sources to derive a coherent record of indicators including acceptance rates, times between submission and first response and impact factors. We show that, for the discipline at large, the turn‐around times have decreased, and impact factors have increased substantially over time. However, this has been accompanied by a sharp decrease in the proportion of accepted articles. Our analysis also reveals large differences across journals in all dimensions. Results show there is no free lunch, that is, authors face trade‐offs. For example, submitting to a higher impact factor journal means on average longer turn‐around time and lower acceptance rates. The dataset compiled and presented here gives the first coherent overview of relevant information to guide authors’ submission decisions, and inform our fellow professionals.

Information diffusion, trading speed and their potential impact on price efficiency – Literature review

The continuous debate and research related to High Frequency Trading emphasises the importance of performing analysis on topics associated with the interaction of traders with different trading speeds, and the effects of this interaction on price efficiency and market quality. The aim of this paper is directly related to the analysis on how information diffusion may affect order submission decisions of traders, with different trading speeds and how these may affect price efficiency or market quality. The incorporation of information in submitted orders evidently affects prices, but it may also affect market quality for different reasons e.g., the use of low-quality information, or the fact that slower traders may be considering information that has already been incorporated in the market prices by faster traders, hence leading to the mispricing of the fair value. This paper provides findings on the above-mentioned topics, based on a literature review - both theoretical or of empirical studies (which are scarcely available) and leads to the conclusion that High Frequency Traders could be treated as natural “insider traders” leading to significant price efficiency, as understood by the Efficient Market Hypothesis.

The impact of weather on order submissions and trading performance

Using an account-level dataset consisting of the complete order submissions of various types of traders on the Taiwan Futures Exchange, we perform intraday analyses to investigate whether the weather influences investors' order submission behaviors and subsequent trading performance. The results of our empirical study show that the weather conditions exclusively affect the order aggressiveness of domestic individual traders, not of institutional investors or individual day traders. We also find that the weather negatively affects the trading performance of individual traders. The average daily returns of the most weather-sensitive individual traders are approximately 0.06% (22% per year) lower than those of the least weather-sensitive individual traders. Our study is the first to verify the impact of weather on trader order submission decisions; in addition, our findings provide an alternative explanation for the generally inferior trading performance of individual traders—they are just too weather-sensitive when submitting orders.

"Just Bring Us the Real Ones": The Role of Forensic Crime Laboratories in Guarding the Gateway to Justice for Sexual Assault Victims.

Throughout the United States, hundreds of thousands of sexual assault kits (SAKs; also termed "rape kits") have never been submitted by law enforcement personnel to a crime laboratory for forensic DNA testing. Prior research indicates that negative stereotypes about victims influence police decisions to submit kits for testing, but forensic crime laboratory personnel may also be involved in SAK submission decisions. The purpose of the current study was to explore the communication and collaboration between police and crime lab personnel regarding SAK submissions within a community with large numbers of unsubmitted rape kits. Drawing from 3 years of ethnographic observations and longitudinal qualitative interviews, we found that the police department's crime lab did not have sufficient resources to test all rape kits in police custody, which is a problem forensic laboratories are facing throughout the United States. However, we also found that access to this limited resource was controlled by crime lab personnel and their rape myth beliefs about which victims and which cases were considered worthy of the time, effort, and attention of the criminal justice system. Lab personnel emphasized that police should only submit "real" cases for forensic DNA testing, which they typically defined as physically violent stranger-perpetrated sexual assaults; "shady" cases did not merit testing, which they defined as known-offender assaults, reports made by adolescent victims, and cases in which the victim may have been engaged in sex work. We noted marked similarities in police and lab personnel's rape myth acceptance, and stakeholders readily agreed that they did have a common understanding about which victims were not credible and therefore which SAKs did not merit testing. We discuss these findings in light of recommendations from the National Academy of Sciences for the independence and autonomy of the forensic sciences from law enforcement.

Who knows more and makes more? A perspective of order submission decisions across investor types

This research examines the impacts of order submission decision across investor types on overall stock returns and trading performances by using a unique dataset and new measures that present several new findings. In terms of order aggressiveness and trade size, different types of investors display distinct order submission behaviors· Professional investors outperform other investors in the near term following their current-day trading, while aggressive and large sells derive better trading performance for all institutional investors. Only foreign investors and other institutions have better performance from more aggressive buys· Finally, individual traders contribute to total trades more than institutions do, but they tend to use the least aggressive price and smallest trade size per order. Compared to professional investors, individuals perform poorly.

A Review of Journal Impact Metrics and Characteristics to Assist Emergency Medicine Investigators with Manuscript Submission Decisions.

IntroductionA crucial, yet subjective and non-evidence-based, decision for researchers is where to submit their original research manuscripts. The approach of submitting to journals in descending order of impact factor (IF) is a common but imperfect strategy. The validity of the IF as a measure of journal quality and significance is suspect, and a number of other journal impact scores have emerged, such that no one scale is universally accepted. Furthermore, practical considerations, such as likelihood of manuscript acceptance rates and times for decisions, may influence how authors prioritize journals. In this report, we sought to 1) review emergency medicine (EM) journal impact metrics, and 2) provide a comprehensive list of pertinent journal characteristics that may influence researchers’ choice of submission.MethodsWe systematically reviewed five impact metrics (IF, H Index, CiteScore, Source-Normalized Impact per Paper, and SCImago Journal Rank) and other relevant characteristics of 20 EM journals.ResultsWe found good to excellent agreement in ordinal rankings of four of the journal impact metrics, as measured by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The median acceptance rate for original research manuscripts in the EM category was 25% (interquartile range [IQR] 18, 31%), and the median initial decision time was 33 days (IQR 18, 56 days). Fourteen EM journals (70%) accepted brief reports, and 15 (75%) accepted case reports/images.ConclusionWe recommend replication, expansion, and formalization of this repository of information for EM investigators in a continuously updated, open-access forum sponsored by an independent organization.

Price limit changes, order decisions, and stock price movements: an empirical analysis of the Taiwan Stock Exchange

This study examines the relationships among price limit changes, order submission decisions, and stock returns in the Taiwan Stock Exchange. Specifically, we first investigate whether price limit changes affect overall investors’ order aggressiveness and trade size. We then analyze the relationships across trader types. Finally, we analyze the effects on future stock returns. Our analysis yields the following findings. (1) Stock traders’ order submission decisions are quite different in the post- versus pre-event periods, as they place orders at more aggressive prices but with smaller sizes after the price limit changes. (2) Buy and sell orders demonstrate asymmetric effects with sell orders responding to a policy change in a more diversified way than do buy orders. (3) The sensitivities of order submission decisions to a policy change are significantly different across trader classes. Foreign investors are conservative while investment trusts drastically change their post-event order submission behaviors. (4) Professional institutions’ trade size is a better predictor of future stock returns than order aggressiveness.

Markets for Ideas: Prize Structure, Entry Limits, and the Design of Ideation Contests

Contests are a popular mechanism for the procurement of innovation. In marketing, design, and other creative industries, firms use freelance marketplaces to organize contests and obtain high-quality ideas for ads, new products, and even business strategies from participants. A central question faced by contest sponsors is how to appropriately structure prizes and entry regulations. I develop an empirical model of idea generation (ideation) contests and investigate the impact of the number of prizes, prize amount, and submission limit on participation and quality outcomes using data from a popular marketing ideation platform. The model explains participant submission decisions, jury ratings, and sponsor rankings of winning submissions. Counterfactuals reveal the impact of design parameters on outcomes and provide guidance for the optimal design of ideation contests and platforms.

Speeding up the Review Process Towards the Final Decision: an Ethical Pathway

In the almost dictatorial academic scenario of “publish or perish”, the time elapsed between submission and final decision has become one of the biggest concerns of authors and their institutions. Although expectations about a new submission are usually high, publication of peer-reviewed articles demands its own time, so that only those which really bring new contributions to the subject area are selected. In fact, this selection is part of an ethical responsibility assumed by everyone involved in scientific publishing, including authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers.

Markets for Ideas: Prize Structure, Entry Limits, and the Design of Ideation Contests

Contests are a popular mechanism for the procurement of innovation. In marketing, design, and other creative industries, firms use freelance marketplaces to organize contests and obtain high-quality ideas for ads, new products, and even business strategies from participants. A central question faced by contest sponsors is how to appropriately structure prizes and entry regulations. I develop an empirical model of idea generation (ideation) contests and investigate the impact of the number of prizes, prize amount, and submission limit on participation and quality outcomes using data from a popular marketing ideation platform. The model explains participant submission decisions, jury ratings, and sponsor rankings of winning submissions. Counterfactuals reveal the impact of design parameters on outcomes and provide guidance for the optimal design of ideation contests and platforms.

A Fine Balance: How Authors Strategize Around Journal Submission.

Publishing in peer-reviewed journals is essential for medical education researchers. Competition remains fierce for top journals, and authors are advised to consider impact factor (IF), audience, and alignment of focus. However, little is known about how authors balance these factors when making submission decisions. The authors aimed to explore decision making around journal choice. Using constructivist grounded theory, the authors conducted and analyzed 27 semistructured phone interviews (August-November 2016) with medical education researchers. Participants were recruited from a larger study, and all had presented abstracts at medical education meetings in 2005 or 2006. When deciding where to submit an article, participants weighed a journal's IF and prestige against other factors, such as a journal's vision and mission, finding the right audience, study-specific factors including perceived quality of the work, and the peer review process. The opportunity cost of aiming high and risking rejection was influenced by career stage and external pressures. Despite much higher IFs, clinical journals were viewed as less desirable for establishing legitimacy in the medical education field and were often targeted for less novel or rigorous work. Participants expressed dissatisfaction with peer review in general, citing overly critical and poorly informed reviewers. Authors strategize around a particular article's submission by attempting to balance many interrelated factors. Their perceptions that high-IF clinical journals are viewed as less prestigious in this field can lead to publication strategies running counter to advice given to junior faculty. This has implications for mentorship and institutional leadership.

Open Access as a Crude Solution to a Hold‐Up Problem in the Two‐Sided Market for Academic Journals

We analyze a model in which journals cannot commit to subscription fees when authors (who prefer low subscription fees because this boosts readership) make submission decisions. A hold‐up problem arises, manifested as excessive subscription fees. Open access is a crude attempt to avoid hold up by eliminating subscription fees. We assess the profitability and efficiency of traditional relative to open‐access journals in a monopoly model (with extensions to nonprofit, bundled, hybrid, and competing journals). We apply the theory to understand the evolving market for academic journals in the Internet age and policies currently being debated such as an open‐access mandate.

Coming Early to the Party: High Frequency Traders in the Pre-Opening Phase and the Opening Auction of NYSE Euronext Paris

This paper examines the strategic behavior of High Frequency Traders (HFTs) during the pre-opening phase and the opening auction of the NYSE Euronext Paris exchange. Using data provided by the Base Europeenne de Donnees Financieres a Haute Frequence (BEDOFIH), we find that HFTs actively participate in the pre-opening phase. Contrary to common wisdom, HFTs do not delay their order submission decisions until the very last moment of the pre-opening phase of the trading day. They are able to successfully extract information from the pre-opening order flow, as manifested by the potential profits they make on the positions they take in the opening auction. Furthermore, HFTs make profits on orders submitted in the last second before the opening auction; however, so do slow traders, suggesting that speed is not a necessary condition to make profits in these last second orders. HFTs lead the price discovery process during the pre-opening phase, and neither harm nor improve liquidity provision in the opening auction. Our analysis highlights that HFTs who “come early to the party” enjoy the party (they make profits), however, they also help the other market participants to enjoy the party (they improve market quality) and do not have a privileged entrance to the party (speed advantage is not a necessary condition to make profits).

New web services that help authors choose journals

The motivations for an author to choose a journal to submit to are complex and include factors relating to impact and prestige, service quality, and publication costs and policies. Authors require information about multiple characteristics of journals that may be difficult to obtain. This article compares and contrasts the new author‐oriented journal comparison tools and services that have emerged to assist researchers in this important step of the scholarly publishing process. Many of these tools combine factors to provide full web‐based manuscript submission decision tools; however, they all have limitations that reduce their usefulness.

Order Aggressiveness, Trading Patience, and Trader Types in a Limit Order Market

This study examines the order aggressiveness and trading patience of foreign institutional traders, futures proprietary firm traders, individual day and non‐day traders in the Taiwan index futures market. We consider order choice given a completely transparent limit order book. Our empirical results show that individual (foreign institutional) traders use a more aggressive (patient) order submission strategy than the other trader types. We find significant differences among trader types in the timing of order aggressiveness and trading patience over the intraday time period. Both top and rest‐of‐the‐order‐book activities affect traders’ order submission decisions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 37:1094–1123, 2017

Considering all microstructure effects: The extension of a trade indicator model

By considering various market microstructure effects, this letter proposes a comprehensive trade indicator model incorporating trade duration, order sizes, bid–ask spreads, and market depth into a unified framework. Examining the intraday price behavior of the KOSPI200 futures market, we find that (i) fast trading indicates informed trading, (ii) stealth trading does not prevail, (iii) order-processing costs reach economies of scale, and (iv) liquidity significantly affects investors’ order submission decisions in the highly liquid market.