Choice Of Topics Research Articles

Philosophy in Mordovia State University: Pages of History

Introduction. The article gives a brief overview of the main areas of work of the Department of Philosophy of the Mordovia State University, the works of teachers, events dedicated to scholars of the University. Attention is focused on the continuity of the tradition of philosophizing, the continuity of the transfer of knowledge, which is reflected both in the choice of research topics and in the preservation of the memory of predecessors. The purpose of the article is to trace the history of the development of philosophical ideas and education at the Mordovia State University, starting from its formation in 1931 and ending with the contemporary period. Materials and Methods. The main methods are biographical analysis in its philosophical interpretation and comparative historical method. Results. The first part of the article is devoted to the history of philosophy education at the Mordovia State University, which is viewed through the prism of the biographies of the most famous philosophers who worked at the university – Y. D. Betyaev, M. M. Bakhtin, A. L. Kiselev, S. P. Spiridonov, R I. Alexandrova, A. I. Sukharev, V. I. Kemkin, A. A. Gagaev and others. The second part discusses the latest period in the development of philosophy at the university. Discussion and Conclusions. It is shown that by the end of the 1980s in the republic, original traditions of philosophizing developed and new philosophical schools were organized. Liberation from ideological pressure allowed university scholars to freely develop various initiative areas of research in original perspectives (social philosophy, ethics, philosophy of science, philosophy of religion) while maintaining continuity with the heritage of the past.

Benefits and challenges of using comics in foreign language teaching

At the present time there is a large variety of technologies for teaching foreign languages. Various methods and tools that facilitate the learning process and make it more productive. One of the reserves of intensifying the process of learning a foreign language are visualization tools. After all, in comics, as a rule, spoken language is used, dialogues are concise, and the information presented in the comics is emotionally colored, which contributes to its more effective absorption. The vocabulary encountered in comics, refers to a variety of areas of life and human activities, which allows you to use a comic almost in any lesson, only the right choice of lexical topics depends on the teacher. Note that educational comics can be used not only as an additional source of knowledge in a foreign language, but also for self-realization of students, for example, as a product of project-research activities. The aim of this article is to study the advantages and problems of using comics in teaching foreign languages. The object of the article is the process of the influence of comics on the student. The theoretical basis of the article is the scientific works of foreign and domestic researchers. Keywords: advantages, problems, comics, foreign language, visual method, teaching, principles.

A study on the construction of “Bu A Bu B” in Modern Chinese

While identifying the format of ‘Bu A Bu B’ as a type of construction, this paper closely examines the construction in modern Chinese based on corpus. In a juxtaposition relationship, if A and B have the same or similar semantics, the construction forms ‘subjective increment emphasis negative definition.’ On the other hand, if A and B have the opposite semantics, the construction forms ‘subjective decrease choice negative definition.’ The construction also establishes a conditional relationship, in which case it means ‘the behavior of B will occur only when that of A reaches a full degree of the activity.’ In terms of pragmatics, the juxtaposition relation carries functions of subjective evaluation and objective narrative, while the conditional relation highlights the salient conditional function.

Исследование по ранней профилизации школьников в контексте Атласа новых профессий и компетенций Казахстана: результаты пилотного этапа

The article highlights current trends and trends in early professional self-determination of Kazakhstani schoolchildren. Based on the analysis of the works of foreign and Kazakh researchers, the need for profiling the educational process, starting from the middle level of a general education school, was revealed. Based on the results of the study, the authors of the article argue in favor of early profiling of schoolchildren in the context of the Atlas of new professions and competencies of Kazakhstan, since it is compiled in accordance with the methodology of forecasting the future based on technological foresight. Technological foresight as a means of assessing scientific and technological achievements in the short and long term can affect the personal and professional self-determination of a teenager, which, as a result, will have a positive impact on his future socioeconomic position in society. The authors conducted a study in a number of schools in Kokshetau, during which psychodiagnostics were carried out (identification of predisposition to subject scientific areas); analysis of empirical data; development of an individual learning trajectory based on the data obtained; psychological and pedagogical support for schoolchildren, parents, teachers; development of recommendations on the choice of specialized subjects for admission to universities. A model of early profiling of schoolchildren has been developed, which includes the active involvement of children in project activities (individual and group) through various formats of non-formal education (circles, educational centers, art studios, etc.), as well as through university areas of work on interaction with schools. For example, such as the Children's University, the Small Academy of Schoolchildren at the NAO «Kokshetau University named after. Ualikhanov». A distinctive feature of the proposed model is its focus on supra-professional (flexible) competencies, taking into account the emergence of new professions. In other words, already at the stage of obtaining a certificate of secondary education, a school graduate should have formed a sufficient level of supra-professional competencies that will be relevant and in demand not only at the time of graduation from a university, but will also remain relevant during lifelong learning. The author's method of early profiling of schoolchildren in the context of the Atlas of New Professions and Competences of Kazakhstan makes it possible to determine the orientation of a person to a particular professional area. The article presents an analysis of empirical data related to stage 1 of this study. Stage 2 of the study includes a survey with students on the choice of their subject specialization in order to determine the core subjects for admission to universities in accordance with the Model Rules for Admission to Higher Educational Institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan for vocational education and the development of an individual learning trajectory for selected core subjects. Training in specialized subjects will be carried out within the framework of university associations, such as the Small Academy of Schoolchildren.

Mögliche Verbesserungen der psychosozialen Arbeitsbedingungen in Hausarztpraxen: Entwicklung eines Gesprächsleitfadens für Medizinische Fachangestellte zur Nutzung für Mitarbeitergespräche

BackgroundStaff appraisals can provide employees and their supervisors with the opportunity to improve their communication and collaboration. However, one can assume that staff appraisals are not yet common instruments for human resources management in physician practices. The aim of this study was to develop a discussion guide for medical assistants (MAs) in general practices to support MAs in preparing, carrying out and documenting staff appraisals. MethodsMAs were recruited through their professional organization [Verband medizinischer Fachberufe e. V.] and social media (06/2020-10/2020). An early draft of the discussion guide was devised comprising an introduction, a checklist for logistic preparation, a documentation sheet and a section to prepare the content of the meeting. The discussion guide was revised based on interviews with MAs who also rated the instrument. Data collection, analyses and the revision of the guide were carried out in an iterative process to the point where no further significant suggestions for improvement were made. ResultsIn total, 20 interviews were conducted. Revisions were based on recommendations pertaining to a) how to interact with the supervisor (e. g., raising awareness of and responding to changes of the topic; anticipating counterarguments, scheduling of follow-up meetings), b) the choice of topics, c) additional measures to respond to MAs’ needs (e. g., rotation to distribute tasks), and d) the preparation of the staff appraisal (e. g., rehearsals with an experienced colleague). Both the likelihood to use the guide in the future and its usefulness for staff appraisals were considered to be high. Discussion and conclusionWe developed a discussion guide for and with MAs in general practices which can be helpful in preparing, conducting and documenting staff appraisals. This serves the purpose of bringing one’s psychosocial working conditions to the supervisor’s attention and to possibly improve them. To further improve the tool, future research should explore the experiences of MAs and physicians who actually use the discussion guide.

Robust weighted aggregation of expert opinions in futures studies

AbstractExpert judgments are widespread in many fields, and the way in which they are collected and the procedure by which they are aggregated are considered crucial steps. From a statistical perspective, expert judgments are subjective data and must be gathered and treated as carefully and scientifically as possible. In the elicitation phase, a multitude of experts is preferable to a single expert, and techniques based on anonymity and iterations, such as Delphi, offer many advantages in terms of reducing distortions, which are mainly related to cognitive biases. There are two approaches to the aggregation of the judgments given by a panel of experts, referred to asbehavioural(implying an interaction between the experts) andmathematical(involving non-interacting participants and the aggregation of the judgments using a mathematical formula). Both have advantages and disadvantages, and with the mathematical approach, the main problem concerns the subjective choice of an appropriate formula for both normalization and aggregation. We propose a new method for aggregating and processing subjective data collected using the Delphi method, with the aim of obtaining robust rankings of the outputs. This method makes it possible to normalize and aggregate the opinions of a panel of experts, while modelling different sources of uncertainty. We use an uncertainty analysis approach that allows the contemporaneous use of different aggregation and normalization functions, so that the result does not depend on the choice of a specific mathematical formula, thereby solving the problem of choice. Furthermore, we can also model the uncertainty related to the weighting system, which reflects the different expertise of the participants as well as expert opinion accuracy. By combining the Delphi method with the robust ranking procedure, we offer a new protocol covering the elicitation, the aggregation and the processing of subjective data used in the construction of Delphi-based future scenarios. The method is very flexible and can be applied to the aggregation and processing of any subjective judgments, i.e. also those outside the context of futures studies. Finally, we show the validity, reproducibility and potential of the method through its application with regard to the future of Italian families.

The significance of the change from "movie" to "movie view" to the evolution of Chinese films

"Movie" is an appellation of early Chinese films. "Shadow" uses light as a pen to write a summary of screen behavior; "Drama" is an abstract meaning of plot and dramatic conflict. "Film drama" reflects the creative idea and direction of early Chinese films, and also reflects the origin between it and drama. In the history of Chinese film, this unique concept of national film was formed through multiple washes of subjective choice and the promotion of historical opportunities, and has gradually become the dominant concept of art and film in the development of Chinese film.

The significance of the change from "movie" to "movie view" to the evolution of Chinese films

"Movie" is an appellation of early Chinese films. "Shadow" uses light as a pen to write a summary of screen behavior; "Drama" is an abstract meaning of plot and dramatic conflict. "Film drama" reflects the creative idea and direction of early Chinese films, and also reflects the origin between it and drama. In the history of Chinese film, this unique concept of national film was formed through multiple washes of subjective choice and the promotion of historical opportunities, and has gradually become the dominant concept of art and film in the development of Chinese film.

The Comparsion of Stock Return Prediction for Random Forest, Ordinary Least Square, and XGBoost

With the stock market growing larger and the violent fluctuation becoming more frequent after the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, investors and researchers urgently need a method to predict the behavior of the stock market accurately. This research is determined to find out the performance of random forest (RF), XGBoost and ordinary least square (OLS) models in terms of predicting the return of given subjects. This research uses tushare to collect data and Jupyter Notebook to run the models. Libraries such as numpy, pandas, scikit-learn, and stockstats are also used in this paper. According to the analysis, XGBoost and RF model outperformed OLS model in all three subjects and the difference between RF and XGBoost model is subtle. Meanwhile, the results also revealed that the choice of subjects may affect the performance of model. Finally, only technical indicators were included in the process of model setup and this may negatively impact the results. These results shed light on the performance difference of the three models and lay a foundation for future high-efficiency hybrid models.

Latviešu valodas elektroniskā rokasgrāmata – didaktikas un tehnoloģiju korelācija

The concept of correlations as an indicator of cross-compliance and relations has been widely used not only in natural sciences and in engineering. It is also increasingly viewed in the sub-sectors of social sciences and the humanities, to describe the interrelation between phenomena, concepts, events, etc. In this study, correlation is used as a measure of relation to determine how strong and interacting the relationship between two different systems is – the principles of modern didactics and the functions of a learning tool, respectively, application capabilities. The handbook essentially is a compilation of the main information for practical purposes. It is a type of teaching aids in which development and preparation of certain didactic principles, such as scientific and visualization, systematic and sequence, readability, accessibility, are respected. However, a modern learning process is inconceivable without several other didactic principles as well (e.g., free creative activities, positive emotional background of learning, linking learning experience to real life, intellectual activities and self-expression options of pupils, etc.). When designing a handbook for use in the electronic environment, a balance between the conditions of good practice in the didactics and opportunities and limitations of technologies must be found. The handbook uses various technological solutions: (1) Multimedia allows using text, pictures, audio, and video in the explanation of study content. (2) Hyperlinks allow providing quick access to appropriate information both in different sections of the handbook and on the Internet. (3) Interactivity, which ensures the involvement of the learner in the learning process, the choice of topics and the order in which they are acquired, and to perform self-testing tasks, etc. The handbook is developed by implementing best practices in responsive design, i.e., the content of the material is equally well-comprehensible on different screens (computer screen, tablet, smartphone). The object of the research is the “Latvian Language Handbook” („Latviešu valodas rokasgrāmata”; valodasrokasgramata.lv), which has been developed as a multifunctional informative practical electronic tool for any Latvian language learner. The study aims to characterize a tripartite correlation between 1) adherence to didactic principles in the development of electronic teaching aid, 2) human learning habits, and 3) the opportunities and limitations of modern technology. To achieve the aim of the study, it is important to clarify several issues: - Whether technology is a sufficiently motivating language learning tool that could lead to a waiver of one or another of the didactic principles; whether the correlation can be characterized as a mutually positive factor, i.e., the more limited the potential of the electronic learning tool, the more effective the respect of didactic principles should be, and vice versa. - How current capabilities (text, audio, images, and interactivity) offered by an electronic learning tool correlate with the learner’s creativity, and self-expression; tests and self-tests do not allow for several correct solutions, they must be “unambiguous”, verifiable with computer tools.

487P Randomized phase II study of trabectedin/olaparib compared to physician’s choice in subjects with previously treated advanced or recurrent solid tumors harboring DNA repair deficiencies

Genomic aberrations affecting the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by homologous recombination (HR) are found in various cancers and result in sensitivity to inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme PARP1. Trabectedin induces DNA DSB and PARP1 activation and may thus increase the effect of PARP inhibitors in HR-deficient cancers. Whole-exome/genome sequencing (WES/WGS) can identify mutations in DNA repair pathways and mutational signatures generated by these aberrations.

Legal Scholars Engaging with Social Anthropology: Hardships and Gains

AbstractThis special issue of the German Law Journal showcases through concrete examples the conceptual and methodological toolbox that social anthropology has to offer and the added value of applying an anthropologically informed approach to legal thinking, argumentation, and practice. The contributions address a wide variety of highly topical, controversial social issues that are at the heart of the human condition, including gender recognition for non-binary people, family disputes brought before international courts, non-majoritarian language use in administrative settings, forced migration, and the impact of climate change and infrastructural development on local communities worldwide. This introduction outlines the research program into which the contributions gathered here fit; the choice of topics; and finally, the challenges the authors face in the process of integrating their intellectual encounter with anthropology into their reflections on law. The article concludes that taking recourse to anthropology can help jurists trained in state law to develop a more refined understanding of today’s societal complexity and challenges and, ultimately, to reach more nuanced, sensitive, and just decisions.

Combining spatial planning and ecosystem services value to assist ecological compensation decision-making—A case study of Yangtze River Delta ecological barrier, China

China’s ecological compensation (EC) is based on the property rights structure of public ownership of natural resources, which should be based on the spatial planning, which is defined by local government as the boundary of property right management and the distribution of development power. This study combined spatial planning and ecosystem service value (ESV) accounting to design a decision-making framework of EC, which includes “Subject choice, Value accounting, Priority evaluation, Policy supply”. We selected 32 counties (districts) in the Yangtze River Delta region as the research object with the consideration of spatial planning and expert advice, and found that the implementation of EC slowed down the urbanization process and promoted the increase of ecological space. We conducted an accounting and sensitivity analysis on the spatial and temporal changes of ESV in the region from 2000 to 2019, and finally determined the amount and priority of accepting EC. The research results show that the ESV in the study area shows a general trend of increasing and then decreasing in time, and a spatial pattern of high in the south and low in the north and high in the east and low in the west. Forestland and water area are the main providers of ESV in the study area. The sensitivity coefficients of each type of ESV do not change much in each period, but the coefficients between the types have large differences. The total amount of EC in the Yangtze River Delta ecological barrier (YRDEB) is RMB 38,098.11 billion, and Shitai County is the area with the highest priority for compensation. We believe that this decision-making framework has the potential to be applied to the implementation of EC in other regions of China. At the same time, it can also be used to enrich the international views on EC research.

Matching in the Dark? Inequalities in Student to Degree Match

This paper examines inequalities in the match between student and degree quality using linked administrative data from schools, universities and tax authorities. We analyse two measures of match at the university-subject level: undergraduate enrollment qualifications, and graduate earnings. We find for both that disadvantaged students match to lower quality degrees across the entire distribution of achievement, in a setting with uniform fees and a generous financial aid system. While there are negligible gender gaps in academic match, high-attaining women systematically undermatch in terms of expected earnings, driven by subject choice. These inequalities in match are largest among the most undermatched.

The past, present, and future of China-related accounting research

This discussion makes several observations regarding the past 25 years of China-related accounting research reviewed in Lennox and Wu (2022). First, we discuss factors of supply and demand that led to the rise of China-related studies and how this growth has contributed to the internationalization of accounting research. We note that the taxonomy of the literature by geographic region rather than topic or methodology is unusual and makes it difficult to formulate a common framework that would help organize the many contributions. Next, we distill distinct patterns in authorship, choice of topics, and asserted contributions of China-related studies. Studies are increasingly shaped by the availability of new data and regulatory reforms. These features should be interpreted carefully, as most reforms are interconnected and reflect the purposeful outcome of a tightly controlled economy. As a result, issues of generalizability arise. Alternatively, researchers could embrace the China setting and strive to identify the local institutional forces that make it special. We see such a more institutional, context-specific view of China-related—or better—international research as an opportunity for the field. We close by presenting five broad themes we view as promising areas for future China-related research.

Low-stakes, VLE intensive, formative approach to maths teaching as a pedagogic strategy for improving assessment outcomes

Functional numeracy skills in the UK workforce have been an issue for at least 20 years and are of mounting concern due to the increasing use of technology in the workplace and the need for mathematical problem solving skills. Surveys reveal anxiety related to maths (MA) has a negative impact on Higher Education (HE) subject choices and subsequent career options. This at a time when Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects, requiring maths and data handling skills, are in high demand globally. This case study relates the journey from discovering the need for maths support in science students to the use of low-stakes, VLE intensive, formative maths support as a means of overcoming MA and improving student outcomes.

Practicing Diversity in Higher Education in Geography: Exploring Spaces of Diversity and Their Barriers in a Geography Department in Switzerland

Recent feminist geographic scholarship has urged geographers to distance themselves from androcentric and Eurocentric approaches, and to open up the discipline to diverse perspectives. Whereas numerous studies have focused on diversifying and decolonizing geography through recruitment practices, mentoring, and knowledge production, only a few have analyzed how diversity translates into teaching practices, particularly in contexts where diversity is relatively well-established among staff. Based on a questionnaire survey among the teaching staff, a content analysis of course syllabi, and a quantitative analysis of the department’s employee data, this article explores to what extent diversity within the department leads to diversity in teaching practices. By developing a framework of spaces of diversity, we analyze three spaces that potentially enable practicing diversity in teaching: The department’s academic space promotes free choice of research and teaching topics and flexible working conditions; the department space enables individuals to engage in shaping geographical teaching; and the knowledge space promotes diversity as an ideal. We found, however, that practicing diversity in geography is challenged through traditional and neoliberal university structures and formal and perceived hierarchies. Moreover, there is a need for concrete diversity practices on individual and institutional levels to actively bring diverse perspectives into the classroom.

Towards a multitracer timeline of star formation in the LMC – II. The formation and destruction of molecular clouds

ABSTRACT The time-scales associated with various stages of the star formation process represent major unknowns in our understanding of galactic evolution, as well as of star and planet formation. This is the second paper in a series aiming to establish a multitracer timeline of star formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), focusing on the life cycle of molecular clouds. We use a statistical method to determine a molecular cloud lifetime in the LMC of $t_{\text{CO}}=11.8^{+2.7}_{-2.2}$ Myr. This short time-scale is similar to the cloud dynamical time, and suggests that molecular clouds in the LMC are largely decoupled from the effects of galactic dynamics and have lifetimes set by internal processes. This provides a clear contrast to atomic clouds in the LMC, of which the lifetimes are correlated with galactic dynamical time-scales. We additionally derive the time-scale for which molecular clouds and H ii regions co-exist as $t_{\text{fb}}=1.2^{+0.3}_{-0.2}$ Myr, implying an average feedback front expansion velocity of 12 km s−1, consistent with expansion velocities of H ii regions in the LMC observed directly using optical spectroscopy. Taken together, these results imply that the molecular cloud life cycle in the LMC proceeds rapidly and is regulated by internal dynamics and stellar feedback. We conclude by discussing our measurements in the context of previous work in the literature, which reported considerably longer lifetimes for molecular clouds in the LMC, and find that these previous findings resulted from a subjective choice in timeline calibration that is avoided by our statistical methodology.

Psychological features of experiencing a sports injury in athletes.

The article examines the concept of sports injury and provides a research overview devoted to this phenomenon.A sports injury is considered as special life event. Unlike domestic injuries, its probability is determined by the subject's voluntary choice of a sports career, and the normative moment of its realization. It has been established that it has a high intensity of experience, combines painful sensations and emotional stress, and the significance of the consequences. It was determined that a sports injury has different consequences for the subject: it can be both positive gains (post-traumatic personal growth) and negative consequences (post-traumatic stress disorder, termination of a sports career, new injuries).
 A total of 90 respondents made up the empirical base of the study, including: 60 athletes and 30 non-athletes. The article analyzes the results of using the standardized interview «My trauma». It was shown that sports injuries differ from everyday ones in content, dynamics and phenomenology as a whole and therefore can be studied as a special life event using special research tools.
 Biographical (number of events before the injury) and personal (locus of control) were identified as prerequisites for traumatization in athletes. Differences in the prerequisites and experiences of athletes with a sports injury and non-athletes with a household injury have been revealed. Athletes are twice as likely to indicate the presence of significant events before receiving an injury. A comparison of emotional and painful experiences accompanying trauma in athletes and non-athletes showed that their variability and nuances are much higher in the group of athletes.
 In general, athletes show a higher level of negative affect compared to people who do not play sports.

Istantanee della vita moderna: l’impressionismo tra realtà, fotografia e colore


 
 
 The essay aims to investigate the ways in which Impressionist art participates in socio- cultural modernity. Emancipation from the academic tradition, the choice of subjects from everyday reality, the influence of photography and the study of color are some of the elements through which the Impressionists investigated the reality of their time.