Styles Of Men Research Articles

Shaun Cole, Gay Men's Style, Fashion, Dress and Sexuality in the 21st Century

Shaun Cole, <i>Gay Men's Style, Fashion, Dress and Sexuality in the 21st Century</i>

Bridging measurement and cultural interpretation: Experiencing the form-giving of men’s briefs

This article explores the first-hand experience of the diversity in styles of men’s briefs. It questions the standard categorization of briefs based on coverage and leg length. Due to the advent of internet-based sales channels, the scope for design has widened dramatically. The quality and experience of underwear styles is not captured in waistband dimensions and information on fabric. The article questions some ideas about designers’ ability to communicate product understanding given the tacit, non-verbal and haptic qualities inherent in briefs. It also raises questions about research paradigms common in industrial design research. This article is thus both about the subject (men’s briefs) and the means of research (research paradigm). The article combines aspects of design research used for industrial design and approaches such as wardrobe studies and interpretation used in fashion research.

Stylistics : A Contact between Linguistics and Literary Criticism

Quirk (1969) has remarked that a man's style is as specific as his&#x0D; fingerprints. Stylistic analysis can in fact settle many knotty problems in&#x0D; ltterature. A Writer's use of language, if studied carefully , can reveal his&#x0D; aesthetic personality , his deep – laid philosophy and world – view , the&#x0D; way he looks at the world , perhaps far more accurately than any study of&#x0D; his background and the literary movement he subscribes to . In fact , the&#x0D; question of the nature of stylistics , and its position among the various&#x0D; disciplines, its scope and its limits have aroused considerable discussion.&#x0D; The term "stylistics" can apply to various kinds of linguistic analysis.&#x0D; Anyhow, stylistics, which is, in general, incorporated within the&#x0D; terminology of linguistics, has not won the satisfaction of some linguists.&#x0D; therefore, they began to coin some other new terms . Thus, this research&#x0D; is intended to present discussion of the scope of stylistics, stylistic&#x0D; analysis, and stylistics as a middle ground between linguistics and literary&#x0D; criticism. In general, it is divided into three parts each to cover a certain&#x0D; aspect of the subject .the first part is a review of the definition of&#x0D; stylistics, its function, and its aims. The second part is concerned with&#x0D; stylistic analysis and kinds of stylistic studies. Whereas, the third part of&#x0D; this research discusses the role of stylistics as a contact between&#x0D; linguistics and literary criticism.

The Roles of Emotion Regulation, Alcohol Consumption, and Women’s Condom Request Style in Men’s Coercive Condom Use Resistance Intentions

ABSTRACT Condom use resistance (CUR) remains a significant problem, and many men employ coercive CUR strategies to avoid using condoms with partners who do not consent to unprotected sex. To assess the decision-making process underlying men’s coercive CUR, the present study administered alcohol to assess the effects of alcohol intoxication, condom request style, and emotion regulation (ER) strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) on intentions to use coercive CUR to have unprotected sex during a hypothetical sexual scenario. Sexually active, male social drinkers (N = 297) were randomly assigned to either consume alcohol or remain sober, and to project themselves into a hypothetical sexual scenario during which they received either indirect, direct, or insistent condom requests. Results showed that, although cognitive reappraisal had no relationship with coercive CUR or unprotected sex intentions, expressive suppression’s relationship with intentions to have unprotected sex was mediated by coercive CUR and moderated by alcohol intoxication and condom request. Specifically, suppression was positively associated with coercive CUR among sober individuals who received an indirect condom request only. Such results suggest that sober men with suppressive tendencies may use coercive CUR to regulate negative emotions, such as frustration at not being able to have unprotected sex.

Gender differences at the main stages of entrepreneurship

This paper proposes to analyse the existing differences in women's and men's style of entrepreneurship. The examined the levels of women's and men's participation in entrepreneurial activity in modern national economies. The study dealt with the problem of determining the indicator values, characterizing the early stage of entrepreneurship, mature entrepreneurship as well as quitting business activities. The results of the survey, conducted in 59 countries, through the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Project, were used as initial information. In the course of the research, nine indicators, characterizing such stages as start-up and mature entrepreneurship, were examined, along with the cessation of this activity. The results indicated that there was gender gap between the indicators of entrepreneurship in majority of countries, implying that women participated in it to a lesser extent than men.

크리에이티브 디렉터 교체를 통한 남성복 브랜드의 디자인 및 스타일 연구 : 루이비통 브랜드를 중심으로

크리에이티브 디렉터 교체를 통한 남성복 브랜드의 디자인 및 스타일 연구 : 루이비통 브랜드를 중심으로

SHAKESPEARES AS YOU LIKE IT: A POSTMODERN STUDY OF GENDER

William Shakespeare in As You Like It highlights the gender roles in the society. Gender is developed by society. It is not natural.The society assigns roles to distinct gender. This study investigated the gender roles present in As You Like It and deconstructs the specific gender roles through the postmodern study of gender. This study focuses on the distinctive roles associated with the dressing style and language of man and woman. This study also investigates the presence of homosexuality. Besides, this study explores the shifting nature of identity and androgyny. This is a qualitative study which is explorative in nature. Analytical and close- reading method have been used to conduct the research. Besides, critical discourse analysis has been applied. William Shakespeare reveals the difference in the roles performed by gender through the disguise of Rosalind. The dressing style of man gives Rosalind the power to act as a man. The discourse differs in case of man and woman. The acts like homosexuality which are not approved by the society cannot be performed freely. Besides, the disguise of Rosalind and her subsequent actions portray the presence of androgyny and the idea that gender is not fixed. Shakespeare subverts the stereotypical performances of gender through Rosalind.

COGNITIVE STYLE AND PERSONALITY ATTENTION PROPERTIES

COGNITIVE STYLE AND PERSONALITY ATTENTION PROPERTIES

Gender Inclusion in an Indian VUCA World

One of the most crucial talent identity strands (also referred to as a human resources dimension) in India Inc. is gender. Given that the rate of change in a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) environment is much faster (and less predictable) than in the past decades, corporate efforts towards managing this dimension of gender have a strong bearing on their ability to effectively combat VUCA. These efforts include those directed towards talent management—attracting, hiring, retaining and developing talent, catering to the differences in aspirations and working styles of men and women. Against this backdrop, this article draws insights from corporate India’s most comprehensive gender analytics exercise—The Working Mother and AVTAR 100 Best Companies for Women in India study—to shed light on the interlinkage between the intent and commitment in employing diversity and inclusion as a culture strategy towards thriving in a VUCA environment.

Humor as social risk-taking: The relationships among humor styles, sensation-seeking, and use of curse words

AbstractThe research investigated the view that using humor can be a form of social risk-taking, as the attempt at humor may not always be viewed positively by others. Prior research has shown that individuals’ levels of sensation-seeking, a personality variable related to risk-taking, was related to humor appreciation. Other research has shown that sensation-seeking also predicted the use of curse words, another form of verbal risk-taking. The present research tested two hypotheses: a) sensation-seeking positively relates to each of the four humor styles and b) the use of curse words also positively relates to each of the four humor styles. The results obtained from a large sample of undergraduate students partially supported the hypotheses. Multiple regression analyses using the hierarchical approach further showed that sensation-seeking predicted two of the four humor styles for men (i.e. affiliative, aggressive) and two of the four for women (i.e. aggressive and self-defeating). The use of curse words predicted variance not explained by variation in sensation-seeking in the use of the aggressive humor style in men and women and for the affiliative humor style only for men. Overall, men reported higher levels of aggressive humor, sensation-seeking, and cursing than women. Implications for theoretical perspectives on humor and social risk-taking are discussed.

Thinking styles, gender, and decision making in Latin American management

PropósitoDiversos estudios han analizado cómo la diversidad de género y las culturas locales condicionan los estilos cognitivos de los gerentes y afectan los procesos de toma de decisiones en las organizaciones. La diversidad de género se ha defendido desde una perspectiva de equidad y se ha argumentado que mejora los procesos de toma de decisiones e impacta positivamente en el retorno a las inversiones de las empresas. En el presente estudio se analizan las diferencias en los estilos de pensamiento entre hombres y mujeres en América Latina y Estados Unidos que sustentan los procesos de toma de decisiones en cada región y se argumenta en favor de la diversidad de género en los equipos gerenciales por sus implicaciones positivas en la toma de decisiones.MetodologíaEl instrumento de medición utilizado es el Neethling Brain Instrument (NBI) desarrollado con base en descubrimientos recientes en las neurociencias. La muestra está compuesta de 1216 ejecutivos de Estados Unidos y varios países de América Latina y el Caribe, participantes en programas de formación ejecutiva.ResultadosLos resultados muestran diferencias en los estilos de pensamientos según el género de los ejecutivos, pero no se encontraron diferencias en los estilos de pensamiento y la toma de decisiones entre hombres y mujeres para los mismos niveles gerenciales en las dos regiones. De igual manera, los resultados sugieren que los ejecutivos de Estados Unidos tienden a basar sus modelos de gestión en estilos de pensamiento estratégicos centrados en las relacionales interpersonales y que involucran toma de riesgos, mientras que los ejecutivos de los países latinoamericanos, suelen preferir los estilos de pensamiento y gestión enfocados en el análisis de datos, la ejecución, la planificación y el control de los procesos.ImpactoLos resultados del estudio muestran que en todas las regiones los hombres puntúan más alto en los estilos de pensamiento racionales asociados al ámbito cortical y las mujeres en los estilos de pensamiento donde tienden a prevalecer esquemas emocionales asociados a las áreas subcorticales. Estos resultados serían de utilidad para los líderes de las organizaciones responsables de asignar los roles y las tareas a las personas según sus fortalezas en estilos de pensamiento.

Entrepreneurship: Career Opportunity Has No Gender Discrimination

Gender and leadership are two different words but Gender discrimination refers to unfair rights between however our society connects this two as Man can be a male and female based on different gender roles which good leader, but women can't. Infact in addition to the workplace, women are frequently expected to play the traditional female roles of mother, cook, home-maker. We can also see the difference in pay scale of women as leads to unequal treat1ment in life. At the same time, the position of men and women in society is generally set. But as the time passes rules change and thus the society, now-a-days along with men, women have also the compared to men. Work has nothing to do with the gender. It depends on the quality of the work which both leadership capabilities. The term refers to the persons holding formal positions of leadership in men and women have to do. *Great Leadership is Genderless. It's been thinking from ages that women complex organisation in industry, government, education or profession. are meant only for household works, but this wrong Women leaders are more assertive and persuasive have perception was broken by great queen Rani Laxmibai. Not only in ancient times, but now-a-days a stronger need to get things done and are more willing to take risks than the male leaders. So women we can also see great leaders like Vandana Luthara, entrepreneurs create newjobs for themselves and others Chanda Kochar, Indra Nooyi and Ekta Kapoor & how also provide society with different solutions to can we forget our former Prime Minister Late. INDIRA management, organisation and business problems. The hidden entrepreneurial potentials of women are GANDHI. A woman's leadership style is more like mentoring and Coaching, while a man's style is centered gradually changing with the upcoming role and economic status of society. on command and control. As a result, women are likely Entrepreneurs perceive new opportunities and seize to be transformational leaders, helping employees them with super normal will power and energy, develop their skills and talents, motivating them and essential to overcome the resistance that social coaching to be more creative. A women's psychological environment. Development of entrepreneurship among frame of mind can make them lock less powerful than women is a major step to increase women participation man, but in the meantime dismissing any candidate on in the process of economic development. Women are the basis of gender not only denies opportunity to increasingly becoming conscious of their existence, talented individuals but also can decrease the amount of their rights and their work situation. genuine leaders in an organisation.

How do we love? Romantic love style in men is related to lower testosterone levels.

Testosterone has been widely investigated in associations with many aspects of social interactions, emotions and behavior. No research has been conducted on its contribution to the variability of love styles in human. The aim of this paper was to uncover the possible relationship between not only the actual plasma testosterone levels, but also the prenatal testosterone level (expressed as 2D:4D ratio) and the sensitivity of androgen receptor and love typology in young healthy men. There are six love styles which are primary including Eros (passionate romantic love), Ludus (playful) and Storge (friendly) and secondary love consisting of Mania (obsessive), Pragma (practical realistic) and Agape (altruistic). Our results pointed out that low testosterone concentrations are associated with higher score for Eros, Ludus, Pragma, Mania love style. No significant association was proved for other tested parameters of androgenicity (2D:4D, sensitivity of androgen receptor) and love style after correction was applied. Different attitudes and behavior in relationships do have a biological foundation related to endogenous testosterone levels in plasma. Future studies should address questions about the family and social background of participants to differentiate here between moral rules or/and social-conventional rules.

Power, Dominance and Homosocial Solidarity in Young Men’s Cyber Talk

Men and women speak differently as their linguistic behavior reflects their gender identity and signifies their position in the society. This article discusses the conversational style of men in the online communication environment, using the Kiesling’s framework of men’s language. A documentation of naturally occurring conversations on Facebook was made over a 12-month period whereby data is categorized and analysed using Content Analysis, WordSmith Tools 5.0 and MS Word Advanced Find Function. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting the participants. The sample consisted of 60 males and 60 females to allow for comparison. Language produced by the male participants, however, remained as the central issue of the analysis as well as discussion. If Kiesling’s framework discusses men’s language from the western sociocultural perspectives, findings of the present research indicated a list of variables of men’s discourse in the specific context of the Malaysian online communication environment. Apart from that, the findings have demonstrated some culturally-embedded elements of power, dominance, and homosocial solidarity as well as a strong use of masculine speech forms in this specific context of male’s interaction. Finally, the findings have also suggested some significant aspects of men’s discourse in the specific context of the Malaysian online communication environment.

Event-related potentials technique using in affective fashion design

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to utilize the spontaneous brain potentials as an index to quantifying the consumers’ inner emotions, and propose an objective method to obtain the clothing recognitions of consumers by only monitoring brain activities. Design/methodology/approach – Different styles of men’s casual jacket were studied as a case. The research included four phases: first, stimuli samples were constructed by clustering algorithm. Second, self-report for the perception of stimuli samples were recorded by self-assessment manikin. Third, real-time brain potentials while viewing stimuli samples were recorded and analyzed. Finally, the output data were compared with the classical research achievements of visual evoked emotional ERPs to examine the effectiveness. Findings – The results indicated significant difference in main effect of different emotional categories which was identified a corresponding relationship between the emotional trigger and the emotional reaction, of which the early components were the typical components that provided the major physiology characteristics for emotional fashion design. The middle components could be used as the assist reference indexes. The negative stimuli were first noticed because its shorter processing times and larger amplitudes. The comparison confirmed that the proposed method was capable of quantifying cognitive activities of consumers by only monitoring brain activities and then transferred the analyzed data to the design references. Originality/value – The results quantifying the qualities of consumers’ emotional preference for men’ casual jackets based on the neural mechanism of human brain, which could eliminate the systematic biases associated with the uses of words and semantic comprehension in self-report methods. The proposed method may help to enrich and complete the sentimental fashion design for the cognitive experience of consumer oriented. Moreover, it also could be beneficial to optimize design process and improve efficiency and core competitiveness for clothing producers.

Sex Differences in Jealousy Are Not Explained by Attachment Style in Men and Women From Chile

Romantic jealousy is a sexually-differentiated emotion designed to secure reproductive liaisons. However, some suggest that sexual differences observed in the kind of infidelity that triggers jealousy cross-culturally could be only an artifact of attachment, shaping the masculine mind to develop a dismissing/avoidant attachment style, while the feminine attachment style is more likely to be anxious. This assumption was tested on a sample of 88 men and 170 women from Chile. The kind of infidelity that was more distressing was compared by sex and attachment style. As expected, results showed that men feel more jealousy distress by sexual infidelity scenario, while women by emotional infidelity scenario. However, Logistic Regressions did not support the proposition that attachment style may underlie sex differences in jealousy, because sex was the only significant predictors of the kind of jealousy that was more distressing. The discussion addresses the consistency of the evolved jealousy mechanism as plastic, but opened to specific contextual inputs other than attachment style.

Women's stress in compulsory army service in Israel: A gendered perspective.

A growing number of women are serving in the military in a variety of roles, yet information on their experience of stressors not associated with either combat or sexual harassment is not commonly reported. To present phenomenological data on stressors experienced in military service, together with the use of coping strategies as a way to focus on women's mental needs following deployment from service. Twenty women who had recently completed their compulsory army service in Israel drew a picture expressing stressors they experienced in the army. They analyzed their own pictures on three levels: the content, context, and the composition as expressing stress and the resources they used in coping with stress. Six themes were raised: proximity to war situations, coping with accidents in training soldiers under their command, a conflict between political values and military orders, witnessing the injury of another female soldier, responsibility for accidental injury of a civilian, and distress over the army placement. Coping resources were relational, primarily family and friend support, rather than from the army framework. This reliance on relational sources of support was both a resource and a source of vulnerability and is viewed as distinct from men's style of coping.

Sportsmania and American Men’s Undergarments: 1880–1930

In the late nineteenth century men’s interest in smart dress combined with an addiction to sports engendered stylish men’s undergarments that combined functionality, sensuality, and color. I traced the evolving style of men’s underwear as a result of their unprecedented participation in social sports and their desire to be fashionably undressed. The muscular body and its association with masculinity was valued by both men and women and has continued to be valued into the twenty-first century. I have examined men’s underwear from the collections of the Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology and the Costume Institute, New York as well as Munsingwear online collections. Other sources I studied included fashion publications, trade journals, retail store catalogues and advertisements.

Relación entre los estilos atribucionales y los estilos de aprendizaje en estudiantes de secundaria de Lima Metropolitana

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo estudiar la relación entre los estilos atribucionales y los estilos de aprendizaje en estudiantes de secundaria de Lima Metropolitana. Se trabajó con 364 sujetos de 14 a 17 años, de ambos sexos, de 4.º y 5.º grado de educación secundaria. Se aplico el Cuestionario de Estilos Atribucionales propuesto por Alonso (1991) y Alonso y Sánchez (1992) adaptado por Matalinares (2009) y el inventario de Estilos de Aprendizaje de Kolb (1979) adaptado por Escurra (1991). Los resultados mostraron que existe relación entre los estilos atribucionales y los estilos de aprendizaje. Se halló relación significativa entre las áreas que componen el aprendizaje experiencial y los estilos atribucionales. Existen diferencias entre los estilos atribucionales de varones y mujeres en las dimensiones de atribución del éxito académico a la habilidad y en la atribución del fracaso a la falta de habilidad. Los estilos de aprendizaje de varones y mujeres difieren en el área de experimentación activa. Por último, se halló que existe mayor preferencia de atribución al éxito en las relaciones interpersonales y una menor percepción de la atribución de fracaso al profesor. En el caso de los estilos atribucionales en el área de relaciones interpersonales, se presenta una preferencia por la Atribución del éxito en las relaciones interpersonales a la habilidad, así mismo se usa en menor medida la creencia sobre Externalización del fracaso.

The Comparative Aspect of Theoretical Analyze and Leadership Styles vs. Methods of Assessing Leader Roles

In recent years many social scientists management consultants and other writers have addressed the topic of gender and leadership style. Same authors with extensive experience in organizations who write nontechnical books for management audiences and the general public have argued for the presence of sex differences in leadership style. For example Olden (1985) maintained that there is a masculine mode of management characterized by qualities such as competitiveness, hierarchical authority high control for the leader and unemotional and analytic problem solving. Olden argued that women prefer and tend to behave in terms of an alternative feminine leadership model characterized by cooperativeness collaboration of managers and subordinates lower control for the leader and problem solving based on intuition and empathy as well as rationality . Our Meta analysis thus provides a systematic quantitative integration of the available research in which the leadership styles of men and woman were compared and statistical analysis were performed on the resulting data. The fact that investigators have examined many facets of leadership style requires that reviewers decide which facets to include and how to organize them into types. In examining this issue we found that the majority of the studies had assessed the extent to which leaders or managers were concerned with two aspects of their work. The first of these aspects we termed task accomplishment that is organizing to perform assigned tasks .The second aspect we termed maintenance of interpersonal relationships that is tending to the morale and welfare of the people in the setting. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2014.v3n1p81