Amid increasing scholarly attention to faith-based organizational values, this study examines how Islamic workplace spirituality and grit influence teachers' career commitment within private Islamic schools in Indonesia. Grounded in the constructs of istiqāmah (steadfastness), murāqabah (spiritual mindfulness), and taqarrub (closeness to God), the research introduces an integrative framework in which grit serves as a mediating psychological mechanism linking spiritual orientation to vocational dedication. Utilizing data from 429 teachers across elementary, middle, and high schools, this study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design and used a convenience sampling technique to recruit participants. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both the measurement and structural models. Findings demonstrate that istiqāmah and murāqabah significantly and directly predict career commitment, whereas taqarrub exerts an indirect effect through grit. Grit itself emerges as a critical psychological construct that amplifies the influence of spiritual dimensions on professional perseverance. By bridging theological and psychological perspectives, this research offers a nuanced understanding of career motivation in religious educational settings. The results provide actionable insights for school leaders and policymakers seeking to cultivate spiritually grounded strategies that foster long-term professional commitment among educators.

Women's recreational walking preferences in urban streets: A structural equation modeling approach

The present study examines the interaction between anxiety, job insecurity, organizational commitment, burnout, and job satisfaction in a sample of Romanian high school teachers, using Structural Equation Modeling. The sample consisted of 210 teachers (72.4 % female; M = 46.38; SD = 8.76), who completed standardized measures of the main variables. This research addresses two important gaps in the previous literature: the separate testing of anxiety, job insecurity, and organizational commitment, without integrating these predictors into a single framework, and the limited exploration of teaching environments in Eastern Europe. Results supported a model in which burnout functions as a central mediator between the predictors and job satisfaction. Specifically, anxiety and job insecurity were positively associated with burnout and negatively with job satisfaction, whereas organizational commitment was negatively related to burnout and positively to job satisfaction. Two structural models showed excellent fit indices and confirmed mediations. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. • Anxiety and job insecurity increase burnout and reduce job satisfaction. • Organizational commitment lowers burnout and enhances job satisfaction. • Burnout mediates effects of predictors on job satisfaction.

With the fast-paced technological innovation and escalating environmental issues, financial institutions globally are embracing fintech innovations and sustainability initiatives at an accelerated rate to stay competitive sustainably. Employee green behavior can play a central role in the operationalization of these fintech innovations and sustainability-oriented initiatives at the individual level. This study seeks to examine the influence of fintech adoption (FTA) and sustainability performance (SP) on employee green behavior (EGB) and, subsequently, sustainable competitive advantage (SCA), while exploring the mediating role of EGB based on evidence from commercial banks in Bangladesh. The study employed partial least squares structural equation modeling and machine learning (ML) approach to analyze the collected survey dataset. The study found that fintech adoption and sustainability performance significantly impact employee green behavior in the financial industry. The findings also revealed that fintech adoption, sustainability performance, and employee green behavior significantly impact the sustainable competitive advantage of banking institutions. The mediation analysis revealed that employee green behavior substantially mediates the relationship between FTA-SCA and SP-SCA. The findings of the ML-based XGBoost regression model suggested that fintech adoption is the most significant factor for achieving sustainable competitive advantage, followed by employee green behavior. This study advances psychological literature by explaining the role of organizational factors, such as fintech adoption and sustainability performance, as enablers of employee green behavior. This research proposes an integrated strategic framework in the literature and offers actionable guidance to financial organizations for effective decision-making to enhance employee green behavior and achieve a sustained market position.

Used car marketing strategy recommendation: a structural equation modeling approach

<p><em>Based on data from the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector in Indonesia reached 64.2 million units and contributed 61.07% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). West Java Province ranks first with the largest number of MSMEs, including the Jatinangor area which is experiencing rapid growth of MSMEs along with its development as an educational area. However, most MSME players in this region face obstacles in business development due to low financial literacy and limited access to formal financing, such as the People's Business Credit (KUR). Bank Mandiri, as one of the largest KUR channeling banks, has developed digital innovations and strategic partnerships to increase the financial inclusion of MSME players. This study aims to analyse the effect of KUR facilities and financial literacy on the welfare of MSME actors, with business productivity as a mediating variable. The research method used is quantitative with a Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. Based on the results of the analysis of data obtained from MSME actors in Jatinangor, it was found that KUR and financial literacy have a direct and significant effect on productivity and welfare. In addition, productivity is proven to mediate the relationship between the two variables and welfare. The results of this study suggest that strengthening access to financing and improving financial literacy are key strategies in encouraging the productivity and welfare of MSMEs in a sustainable manner, especially in semi-urban areas such as Jatinangor.</em></p>

Quantifying determinants of students’ active engagement in experiments: A structural equation modeling approach grounded in SE and TAM

ABSTRACT Based on the OpenAI ChatGPT, generative AI (Gen-AI) in education has transformed science by using contextual awareness to produce messages that resemble those of a person. Gen-AI, like ChatGPT, which OpenAI frequently employs, has gained popularity, particularly in the educational field. This study looks at many aspects that affect the uptake and real-world application of Gen-AI, such as ChatGPT, to enhance learning outcomes for students. The current study uses the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) to bolster our conceptual framework. This study examines data gathered from 482 university students in Pakistan using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. According to the results, Gen-AI adoption intention is significantly influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, self-efficacy, hedonic motivator price value, and habit. This study also demonstrates that adoption intention has a substantial impact on Gen-AI actual use. Instructors must encourage the safe use of Gen-AI, such as ChatGPT, in order to preserve students’ critical thinking, abilities, and creativity in their assessments. In order to ensure that Gen-AI tools are used in assessments ethically and appropriately, educators will be essential in providing clear instructions and rules.

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive power of working memory and processing speed on general fluid intelligence (Gf) in adults with high functioning autism. One-hundred-seven participants were included in the study. They were adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Pearson correlation and moderated hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was evaluated. The two independent variables (working memory capacity, processing speed) when put together yielded a coefficient of multiple regression (R) of 0.667 and a multiple correlation square of 0.641. This shows that 64.1% of the total variance in general Gf of those who participated in the study is accounted for by the combination of working memory capacity and processing speed.

This study investigates teachers’ perceptions of sustainable ecotourism in Düzce Province, Türkiye, with particular attention to how environmental perceptions shape evaluations of economic and socio-cultural benefits. Drawing on survey data collected from 320 teachers, the study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to validate a multidimensional perception framework and to examine the structural relationships among its components. Following confirmatory factor analyses, Multiple Group SEM is applied to assess whether these relationships differ across key socio-demographic groups. The results indicate that perceptions of the environmental dimension of ecotourism constitute the strongest predictor of both perceived economic and socio-cultural benefits. Moreover, the magnitude of these relationships varies systematically by gender, marital status, and teaching level, with female and married teachers exhibiting stronger perception–benefit linkages. These findings underscore the importance of socio-demographic context in shaping sustainability-related attitudes and highlight teachers as influential educational and social intermediaries in the diffusion of ecotourism awareness. By integrating environmental perception theory with Multiple Group SEM, the study contributes to the ecotourism and sustainability education literature and offers policy-relevant insights for the design of education-oriented ecotourism governance, sustainable forest management and planning strategies.

Food addiction (FA) is characterized by the presence of dependence symptoms associated with the consumption of calorie-rich, sugary, and fatty foods, typical of ultra-processed foods. The growing prevalence of childhood obesity has been linked to the increased consumption of ultra-processed foods. This study aimed to analyze the direct and indirect associations between FA symptoms, food consumption, and body mass index for age (BMI-for-age) in children from 7 to 10 years of age from a Brazilian low-income region. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 259 children of both genders, enrolled in public schools in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil. The Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children (YFAS-C) was used to assess FA symptoms. A food frequency questionnaire assessed food consumption, and the BMI-for-age was used to evaluate nutritional status. Structural equation analysis was employed for data analysis. The measurement model incorporated the seven FA symptoms from the YFAS-C, yielding favorable fit indices. FA symptoms had an inverse direct effect on the consumption of in natura and minimally processed foods (β = -10.878; SE = 4.919; p = 0.027), while exhibiting a positive direct impact on the consumption of ultra-processed foods (β = 10.025; SE = 4.898; p = 0.001). The relationship between FA symptoms and BMI-for-age was not mediated by the consumption of ultra-processed foods (β = -0.054; SE = 0.081; p = 0.041). FA symptoms are associated with an increase in ultra-processed food consumption and a decrease in healthy food consumption among children from low-income families.

We aimed to examine associations between multiple community-level social determinants of health and two biological markers: frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) and telomere length (TL) in early childhood. We also probed pathways from community-level social determinants to biological markers and subsequent psychopathology symptoms. Using a longitudinal design, 211 families were followed during the first 2years of life. Social determinants were assessed using US Census data, FAA using resting-state electroencephalogram, TL from infant saliva samples, and child psychopathology symptoms using the ITSEA. Statistical analyses included bivariate correlations (unadjusted and with false discovery rate adjustment for multiple comparisons) and SEM. For FAA, higher rates of uninsurance (healthcare) were associated with greater right lateralization at 2months (r=-0.233, p=0.028), and higher rates of food insecurity were also associated with greater right lateralization at 9months (r=-0.250, p=0.036); however, these associations were not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. In our SEM model, we found that both social determinants had paths to FAA (i.e., healthcare uninsurance rates to FAA at 2months; food insecurity rates to FAA at 9months), which had paths to child psychopathology symptoms at 2years. Two community-level social determinants (greater poverty levels/lower home ownership rates) were significantly associated with shorter TL at 9months (r=-0.395, p=0.007; r=0.293, p=0.048), although only community poverty levels remained significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.In the SEM model, community poverty levels had paths through TL at 9months to child psychopathology symptoms at 2years; home ownership rates only covaried with poverty levels. Distinct social determinant domains may influence markers of biological stress at specific time points. These findings underscore the importance of structural-level policies and early interventions addressing multiple aspects of the environment.

Modeling the impact of interactive ethno-STEM learning materials on students 21st-century skills: A structural equation modeling approach

Whereas diabetes-related stigma is increasingly recognized as a barrier to diabetes management, little is known about this social phenomenon in collectivist African settings. The purpose of this study was to examine diabetes-related stigma among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Ghana, highlighting behavioral and psychological mechanisms underpinning the impact of stigma on hemoglobin A1C. Cross-sectional analytical design. Adults with T2D (n = 190), seeking care at a tertiary hospital in Ghana, were recruited. A battery of questionnaires assessing psychological (diabetes-related stigma, depression, anxiety, diabetes distress) and behavioral constructs (diabetes concealment and diabetes self-management) were administered. Venous blood samples were obtained for A1C assessment. A latent variable, "adverse psychological outcomes" comprising anxiety, depression, and diabetes distress, was derived and validated using confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modeling was used to test multiple psychological and behavioral pathways through which stigma was associated with A1C. Participants had an average age of 59.44 (SD = 10.7) years, were mostly female (70.5%, n = 134), and had T2D diagnosis for a median of 14.5 years. We found significant indirect effects of T2D stigma on HbA1c through adverse psychological outcomes alone (β = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.32, p = 0.038), as well as the combination of adverse psychological outcomes and self-management behaviors (β = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.32, p = 0.048). We also found that the association between T2D stigma and diabetes self-management was fully mediated by adverse psychological outcomes, and participants who conceal their diabetes tend to report greater adverse psychological outcomes. We note that adverse psychological outcomes play a central role in how T2D stigma is associated with HbA1c. Our findings provide preliminary insight into potential aspects of diabetes that may be targeted in future stigma-reduction interventions. Our results do provide some indication that addressing mental health issues in individuals with T2D may be an effective intervention strategy in curtailing the adverse clinical effects of T2D stigma. Additionally, our results highlight the importance of incorporating mental health care as part of routine diabetes management in Ghana and other similar African countries where mental health issues are often not prioritized by the healthcare system.

Gastrointestinal cancers represent a significant global health burden, particularly in East Asia where incidence and mortality rates remain high. Although chemotherapy is a primary treatment strategy, its adverse effects often undermine treatment adherence and patient well-being. This study aimed to examine the psychosocial determinants of self-management behaviors in gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy by applying a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 753 gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at eight tertiary hospitals in China. Participants completed validated instruments assessing self-management behaviors, self-efficacy, medical coping strategies, perceived social support, and psychological distress. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the direct, indirect, and mediating effects among the variables. The SEM analysis revealed that self-efficacy had both a direct and indirect positive effect on self-management behaviors, mediated by adaptive coping strategies. Perceived social support was significantly associated with increased self-efficacy and adaptive coping, while psychological distress negatively influenced self-management, primarily through reduced self-efficacy and increased maladaptive coping. The final model demonstrated good fit indices (CFI = 0.950, TLI = 0.933, RMSEA = 0.065), supporting the hypothesized relationships. Self-management in gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is influenced by a complex interplay of psychosocial factors. Interventions that target self-efficacy enhancement, encourage adaptive coping, and strengthen social support systems may be critical to improving treatment adherence and patient outcomes.

This research rigorously examines the determinants of environmentally sustainable packaging products purchase behaviour among Vietnamese consumers. The research model comprises four antecedents: perceived green value, advertising, ecological concern, and attitudes, with the moderating sway of consumers' construal level taken into account. Utilizing a rigorous research design, the study employs a Structural Equation Modeling approach to analyze the survey of 543 Vietnamese participants. The results show significant positive interrelations in the middle of purchasing behaviour and three primary drivers: attitudes toward environmentally friendly packaged products, perceived green value, and ecological concerns. Additionally, attitudes were the primary mediator in converting ecological concerns, advertisement, and perceived green value into actual purchase behaviour. The research also reveals that consumers' construal level can help elucidate the attitudes-behaviour gap, which provides theoretical implications for future research. Finally, managerial implications are proposed to enhance consumers' environmental consciousness, foster green values, and promote environmentally conscious consumer purchase behaviour in the Vietnamese market.

Anthropomorphism’s impact on chatbot adoption: A meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach

This study investigated the role of ideal L2 self, self-efficacy, emotions in self-perceived listening gains in out-of-school English exposure contexts. Data were collected from English majors in central China, and multi-group structural equation modeling approach was employed to analyze the data. Results showed that participants with a stronger ideal L2 self demonstrated increased out-of-school exposure to English, heightened self-efficacy, greater enjoyment, and enhanced self-perceived listening gains compared to those with a weaker ideal L2 self. Out-of-school English exposure positively influenced self-efficacy; self-efficacy positively affected enjoyment, which in turn positively affected self-perceived listening gains for both high- and low-ideal L2 self groups. The findings suggest ideal L2 self may activate the mechanism transforming incidental learning into autonomy-supportive learning, and this mechanism is stable across groups. It offered insights into pedagogical implications for language learning.

Efficacy of cultivating human strengths and virtues on well-being: A one-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach.

Innovative Work Behavior is an employee's innovative work behavior that is the main focus of human resource management research due to its crucial role in generating new ideas, implementing creative solutions, and driving organizational change. The influence of Authentic Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior is the main focus of this study. This research aims to analyze the influence of Authentic Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior with Work-Life Balance as a mediating variable. This research utilizes a quantitative approach with a causality design, with the study population covering all 104 State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in the Indragiri Hilir Regency Education Office. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The research data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) with Smart PLS 3.2.9 software. The findings of this research identify that Authentic Leadership has a positive and significant impact on Innovative Work Behavior, both directly and through the mediation of Work-Life Balance. In addition, Work-Life Balance has also been shown to have a positive and significant impact on Innovative Work Behavior.