Streets Of London Research Articles

Churches and Adult Education in the Edwardian Era: Learning from the Experiences of Hampshire Congregationalists

Through their enthusiastic embrace of the doctrine of the ‘institutional church’, late Victorian and Edwardian Congregationalists demonstrated their commitment to, inter alia, the intellectual development of church members and adherents. Many churches, large and small, sponsored mutual improvement societies, literary and debating societies and programmes of public lectures, as well as ad hoc talks, covering every conceivable subject from the natural sciences to contemporary social and political issues. What motivated Congregationalists to engage in activities of this kind, and to what extent were they seen as an integral part of their religious vocation? In considering these questions, evidence is drawn from initiatives of two Congregational churches in Edwardian Hampshire: London Street, Basingstoke's Mutual Improvement Society and Avenue, Southampton's annual programme of lectures. What emerges is an approach to ministry that blurred the boundary between the sacred and the secular and a gradual weakening of commitment as churches were superseded by secular providers. In reviewing an under-explored aspect of the relationship between religion and education, the article serves as an addition to the limited literature on this subject.

TV White Space Spectrum Analysis Based on Machine Learning

Exploration of TV white space (TVWS) is a promising solution to mitigate the spectrum shortage and provide opportunities for new applications. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of spectrum utilisation over TVWS at different locations in London. Both short-term and long-term outdoor measurement campaigns are conducted over large scales to better understand the spectrum features and variations across multiple locations and time periods. Different from most fixed-location-only measurements, we also drive along the main streets of London with a portable moving node to measure the on-route spectrum density along with the corresponding geographical information, which allows us to study the features and variations of spectrum use through a continuous space. To better analyse the dynamic spectrum utilisation, a machine learning based analysis algorithm is developed over the real-world measurements. This approach allows us to characterise the similarity and variability in spectrum usage within and among different channels, locations, and time instances, which is critical for the secondary system deployment to efficiently exploit the white space.

A Return to Mental Health and the Police—New Learning from Innovation

Abstract Mental health is a core facet of policing demand, something that shows no indication of change—officers are often the first port of call and consequently can play an important role within enabling subsequent interventions. Historically, there has been a documented disjoin between the police and an effective mental ill-health response, evidenced by a number of high profile cases and reviews (i.e. Bradley or the Adebowale review). Such reviews set out a strong marker of where the police were in terms of understanding and responding to mental health. A number of years have passed since these reviews and a variety of innovations have been developed as a response. This article offers a reflection upon two such innovations (London Street Triage and Mental Health Awareness and Safeguarding Training Training both of which were implemented in London and supported by evaluation.

Risky Business at Rag Fair. On Interreligious Relations in the Mean Streets of Early Victorian London

ABSTRACTIn early Victorian times there was a notorious street market for old clothes located in the heart of East London’s Jewish quarter. Each day, the most disparate ensemble of rag traders came together here, including migrants from different origins and of different religions. What kind of contact did they establish with each other? To answer this question, it is important to note that the rag trade resembled more a bazaar economy than a market economy. The Old Clothes Market, or Rag Fair as it was popularly known, was a risky environment for business. Under these circumstances, the merchants preferred to trade with parties whom they knew by reputation or from personal experience. They built client relationships which regularly cut across ethnic and religious divides. These relations, in turn, tended to transcend a merely economic rationale. In other words, the risks and uncertainties of trading at the Old Clothes Market turned out to be an incentive for forming interreligious relationships.

Learning Technology Review: Memrise

Review of an online language learning platform called Memrise.
 Producer Details:Memrise3-5 Fashion StreetLondon E1 6PX United Kingdompress@memrise.comwww.memrise.com

Exploring Michèle Roberts’ Imagined Voices in The Walworth Beauty

The Walworth Beauty (2017) is Michèle Roberts’s haunting new novel, which links historical facts with imaginative fiction. Set in central London, the Anglo-French feminist writer’s novel explores certain Victorian women’s lives, lives which are simultaneously connected with those of twenty-first century men and women. A researcher from the nineteenth century, Joseph Benson, and a retired lecturer and writer from today, Madeleine, develop their stories in different times but in similar locations around a Walworth cul-de-sac and other London sites. Past and present, north and south London link to uncover the enigmatic accounts pictured by the protagonists of this sensuous work of fiction. Inspired by Henry Mayhew’s fourth volume dedicated to the villains, the poor and the prostitutes of the Victorian era, Michèle Roberts narrates the story that emerges from their unrecorded words, putting these women’s voices and personal testimonies on paper. Walking the streets of London will connect Joseph and Madeleine, two flâneurs who are witnessing and feeling the different pathways they encounter. The inner and the outer voices of the protagonists establish a dialogue between the man and the woman that celebrates human connection.

Virtual navigation tested on a mobile app is predictive of real-world wayfinding navigation performance.

Virtual reality environments presented on tablets and smartphones have potential to aid the early diagnosis of conditions such as Alzheimer’s dementia by quantifying impairments in navigation performance. However, it is unclear whether performance on mobile devices can predict navigation errors in the real world. We compared the performance of 49 participants (25 females, 18-35 years old) at wayfinding and path integration tasks designed in our mobile app ‘Sea Hero Quest’ with their performance at similar tasks in a real-world environment. We first performed this experiment in the streets of London (UK) and replicated it in Paris (France). In both cities, we found a significant correlation between virtual and real-world wayfinding performance and a male advantage in both environments, although smaller in the real world (Cohen’s d in the game = 0.89, in the real world = 0.59). Results in London and Paris were highly similar, and controlling for familiarity with video games did not change the results. The strength of the correlation between real world and virtual environment increased with the difficulty of the virtual wayfinding task, indicating that Sea Hero Quest does not merely capture video gaming skills. The fact that the Sea Hero Quest wayfinding task has real-world ecological validity constitutes a step toward controllable, sensitive, safe, low-cost, and easy to administer digital cognitive assessment of navigation ability.

“Soldiering By Consent” and Military–Civil Relations: Military Transition Into the Public Space of Policing

Growth in the armed forces undertaking public policing is occurring in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, and as such, a complex security landscape emerges, both practically and conceptually. The aim here is to pose questions of the manifest and latent issues in the assemblage of multiple actors in public policing. It asks the reader to consider the implications of military actors transitioning from defense duties ordinarily associated with military work, to policing activities in public spaces. Taking the London 2012 Olympic Games as our point of reference, this article argues that to understand military presence, their role must be considered in the broader context of military and policing functions, the “war on terror,” accountability, and future priorities for public policing. We must be careful not to assign the presence of the military into preexisting understandings of how megaevents should be secured—the military patrolling the streets of London represents more. Instead, as their presence comes to be legitimate in certain geopolitical contexts, critical questions must be asked especially as public and private arrangements are continually reworked in the domestic fight against terrorism.

Detection of clusters in traffic networks based on spatio‐temporal flow modeling

AbstractSpatio‐temporal clustering is a highly active research topic and a challenging issue in spatio‐temporal data mining. Many spatio‐temporal clustering methods have been designed for geo‐referenced time series. Under some special circumstances, such as monitoring traffic flow on roads, existing methods cannot handle the temporally dynamic and spatially heterogeneous correlations among road segments when detecting clusters. Therefore, this article develops a spatio‐temporal flow‐based approach to detect clusters in traffic networks. First, a spatio‐temporal flow process is modeled by combining network topology relations with real‐time traffic status. On this basis, spatio‐temporal neighborhoods are captured by considering traffic time‐series similarity in spatio‐temporal flows. Spatio‐temporal clusters are further formed by successive connection of spatio‐temporal neighbors. Experiments on traffic time series of central London's road network on both weekdays and weekends are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.

Aliphatic carbonyl compounds (C<sub>8</sub>–C<sub>26</sub>) in wintertime atmospheric aerosol in London, UK

Abstract. Three groups of aliphatic carbonyl compounds, the n-alkanals (C8–C20), n-alkan-2-ones (C8–C26), and n-alkan-3-ones (C8–C19), were measured in both particulate and vapour phases in air samples collected in London from January to April 2017. Four sites were sampled including two rooftop background sites, one ground-level urban background site, and a street canyon location on Marylebone Road in central London. The n-alkanals showed the highest concentrations, followed by the n-alkan-2-ones and the n-alkan-3-ones, the latter having appreciably lower concentrations. It seems likely that all compound groups have both primary and secondary sources and these are considered in light of published laboratory work on the oxidation products of high-molecular-weight n-alkanes. All compound groups show a relatively low correlation with black carbon and NOx in the background air of London, but in street canyon air heavily impacted by vehicle emissions, stronger correlations emerge, especially for the n-alkanals. It appears that vehicle exhaust is likely to be a major contributor for concentrations of the n-alkanals, whereas it is a much smaller contributor to the n-alkan-2-ones and n-alkan-3-ones. Other primary sources such as cooking or wood burning may be contributors for the ketones but were not directly evaluated. It seems likely that there is also a significant contribution from the photo-oxidation of n-alkanes and this would be consistent with the much higher abundance of n-alkan-2-ones relative to n-alkan-3-ones if the formation mechanism were through the oxidation of condensed-phase alkanes. Vapour–particle partitioning fitted the Pankow model well for the n-alkan-2-ones but less well for the other compound groups, although somewhat stronger relationships were seen at the Marylebone Road site than at the background sites. The former observation gives support to the n-alkane-2-ones being a predominantly secondary product, whereas primary sources of the other groups are more prominent.

INTERVIEW: Charlotte Stilwell: 'The prosthodontic spectrum is very wide now'

Charlotte Stilwell is a specialist in prosthodontics. She qualified from the Royal Dental College in Copenhagen in 1983 and moved to London to pursue her interest in removable prosthodontics. After five years of post-graduate training in the Prosthetic Department, Royal London Hospital Dental School she practised for nine years in general practice in West Wickham, Kent. She then moved to her current practice position as a referral specialist in Harley Street in London. Charlotte has an interest in conventional and implant prosthodontics and management of occlusion. She is also a lecturer at the Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University of Geneva, and an examiner for the Royal College of Surgeons Edinburgh.

Julian Murphet and Mark Steven, eds. Styles of Extinction: Cormac McCarthy’s The Road

Julian Murphet and Mark Steven, eds. Styles of Extinction: Cormac McCarthy’s The Road London and New York: Continuum, 2012. Pp 163. ISBN: 9781441185051 Thomas Mantzaris Since its publication in 2006, Cormac McCarthy’s The Road has received critical acclaim, exemplified by the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2007. In the present collection of essays, the editors Julian Murphet and Mark Steven bring together a diverse spectrum of pathways that critically explore the post-apocalyptic environment ...

Dreaming of Palestine: James Joyce's Ulysses and Plantation Modernism

Dreaming of Palestine:James Joyce's Ulysses and Plantation Modernism Amy Clukey (bio) Agendath Netaim: planters' company. To purchase wastesandy tracks from Turkish government and plant witheucalyptus trees. Excellent for shade, fuel and construction. Orangegroves and immense melonfields north ofJaffa. You pay eighty marks and they plant a dunam ofland for you with olives, oranges, almonds or citrons.Olives cheaper: oranges need artificial irrigation. Everyyear you get a sending of the crop. Your name enteredfor life as owner in the book of the union. Can pay tendown and the balance in yearly installments. Bleibtreustrasse 34, Berlin, W. 15. —James Joyce, Ulysses1 The plantation has long been central to conceptions of Caribbean and southern US literature, but it is rarely considered in relation to European and American modernism.2 Modernist fiction that depicts urbane cosmopolitanism, bohemian revelry, and flânerie may seem far from Haitian sugarcane fields and Georgian cotton estates, except perhaps in the most indirect of ways: if colonialism enables European modernity, then those scattered colonies provide raw materials for commodity production, which in turn generates the cosmopolitan culture of metropoles. On closer inspection, however, the plantation is not the exclusive purview of modernists from the peripheralized West Indies or US South like Jean Rhys, William Faulkner, or Eric Walrond. Plantation fiction is, in fact, a significant genre of global modernism, and the plantation haunts metropolitan literatures as surely [End Page 167] as it does the supposedly regional literatures of the Caribbean, southern, and Harlem renaissances of the early to mid-twentieth century. Metropolitan novels like Henry James's The Bostonians (1886), E. M. Forster's Howards End (1910), and James Joyce's Ulysses (1922) present the colonial periphery at the imperial core where the plantation irrupts into the streets of Boston, London, and Dublin. Such instances provides insistent—if frequently unrecognized—reminders that these urban centers are shaped by plantation colonialism, agriculture, labor, culture, and ideology. Joyce's work has been thoroughly examined from postcolonial perspectives, including its influence on West Indian writers like Derek Walcott.3 Such criticism does not explicitly consider Joyce's fiction in relation to transnational, national, or regional plantation cultures. I read Ulysses as a case study for plantation modernism to show that plantation culture undergirds a vast range of modern and modernist cultural production in Europe itself. Situating Joyce within a network of plantation modernists brings him into dialogue with a range of both metropolitan and colonial writers in ways that go beyond implicitly hierarchical models of influence. My comparative plantation framework puts Joyce on equal footing with writers from throughout the global plantation complex to reveal shared aesthetic and political concerns at work in his fiction. Within this context, Stephen Dedalus's famous declaration "History … is a nightmare from which I am trying to awake" resonates with Faulkner's assertion that "The past is never dead. It's not even past" and Rhys's statement that "the past exists—side by side—with the present, not behind it; that what was—is" (Joyce, Ulysses, 28).4 Like his contemporaries Rhys, Faulkner, and Walrond, Joyce interrogates narratives of the plantation constructed by previous generations of writers. This literature includes early official histories of plantation colonialism from metropolitan perspectives like Edmund Spenser's A View of the Present State of Ireland (1633) and Médéric Louis Élie Moreau de Saint-Méry's history of Saint Domingue (1789). It also includes nineteenth-century romances like Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent (1800), William Earle's Obi; or, the History of Three-Fingered Jack (1800), Victor Hugo's Bug-Jargal (1826), and Thomas Nelson Page's In Ole Virginia (1887). Much of this early literature adopts planter perspectives to legitimate colonialism and the African slave trade in the New World; it constructs deceptively linear narratives that obscure the violent gaps and silences that constitute plantation culture. Modernist writers inherited the ideological and aesthetic legacies of plantation literature, and, as I discuss, they grapple with the representational challenges it presents. Modernism limns the plantation past, maps its present, and imagines its future. In Tropic Death (1926), Walrond compiles ten stories about the United States–occupied...

Modeling Metropolitan-Area Ambulance Mobility Under Blue Light Conditions

Actions taken immediately following a life-threatening personal health incident are critical for the survival of the sufferer. The timely arrival of specialist ambulance crew in particular often makes the difference between life and death. As a consequence, it is critical that emergency ambulance services achieve short response times. This objective sets a considerable challenge to ambulance services worldwide, especially in metropolitan areas, where the density of incident occurrence and traffic congestion are high. Using London as a case study, in this paper, we consider the advantages and limitations of data-driven methods for ambulance routing and navigation. Our long-term aim is to enable considerable improvements to their operational efficiency through the automated generation of more effective response strategies and tactics. A key ingredient of our approach is to use a large historical dataset of incidents and ambulance location traces to model route selection and arrival times. Working on the London road network graph modified to reflect the differences between emergency and civilian vehicle traffic, we develop a methodology for the precise estimation of expected ambulance speed at the individual road segment level. We demonstrate how a model that exploits this information achieves best predictive performance by implicitly capturing route-specific persistent patterns in changing traffic conditions. We then present a predictive method that achieves a high route similarity score while minimising journey duration error. This is achieved through the combination of a technique that correctly predicts routes selected by the current LAS navigation system and our best performing speed estimation model. This hybrid approach outperforms alternative mobility models. To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents the first attempt to apply a data-driven methodology for route selection and the estimation of arrival times of ambulances travelling with blue lights and sirens on.

Musical direction in theatre: Interpreting, composing and singing the ‘real’ – An interview with David Shrubsole

David Shrubsole is best known for his extensive theatre work as composer, lyricist, arranger/ orchestrator and musical director. He studied music at Trinity College of Music and regularly composes for the National Theatre. Shrubsole talks to George Rodosthenous about his experiences in the theatre, musical direction as interpretation and how the musical director is the ‘heartbeat of the show’, giving examples from his practice. Composing for theatre is contextualized here, and analysed within the practicalities, opportunities and challenges of each genre. The interview finishes with Shrubsole’s creative contribution to the revolutionary London Road (2011) and includes a detailed account of the innovative process of learning a score backwards.

У. Шекспир в тезаурусе Ю. О. Домбровского

<p>В статье рассматривается персональная модель творчества Ю. О. Домбровского, а также влияние, оказанное на него У. Шекспиром и его наследием. Автор анализирует цикл «Три новеллы о Шекспире» («Смуглая леди», «Вторая по качеству кровать», «Королевский рескрипт»), ряд других художественных произведений и эссе, а также биографию советского писателя.</p><p>Известно, что Ю. О. Домбровский многие годы изучал жизнь и творчество Шекспира, а также «шекспировский вопрос». Он даже читал лекции о британском драматурге, будучи в ссылке в Алма-Ате. В новеллах Домбровского мы встречаем самого Шекспира в театре «Глобус», на улицах Лондона, в оксфордской гостинице «Корона», наконец, на смертном одре в своем доме в Стратфорде. Домбровский — человек непростой судьбы — проецировал на себя жизнь и наследие британского драматурга, размышляя над проблемой трагичности бытия истинного художника в обществе. Шекспировский цикл Домбровского является яркой частью отечественной шекспиросферы.</p><p>Анализ творчества Ю. О. Домбровского выполнен в свете тезаурусного подхода и идей доктора филологических наук, профессора, Заслуженного деятеля науки РФ Вл. А. Лукова (1948–2014). Статья подготовлена на основе доклада автора на Международной научной конференции «XXX Пуришевские чтения: тезаурус и личность ученого» (11–13 апреля 2018 г., Московский педагогический государственный университет).</p>

Authorship of the 1593 Dutch Church Libel

On 5 May, 1593, a poem was fixed to the Stranger Church on Broad Street in London,1 threatening violence against the congregations of the Dutch Protestant church and the neighbouring French Protestant churches. These churches were for merchants and refugees of the Religious Wars on the Continent, who were given exemptions from the dictates of the Church of England bishops. They were founded in 1550 with the help of William Cecil, who in 1593 was one of the few remaining puritans in the Privy Council. These churches were a conspicuous instance of tolerance for the congregations of separatist Protestant churches, similar to that advocated for Lutherans and Puritans, as well as Huguenots, in Marlowe’s Massacre at Paris just months before, in January, 1593.2 These Nonconformist churches were also a model of churches functioning without bishops. The poem was supposedly by an anonymous poet, but the author left some overt clues suggesting he was Kit Marlowe. He threatened to spill more blood than the ‘Paris massacre’, the author’s pseudonym was ‘Tamburlaine’, and the text was in iambic pentameter, Marlowe’s favoured meter.

Breathless Rictus: Ken Currie’s Krankenhaus

This article reviews Ken Currie’s show Rictus, which ran at the Flowers Gallery on Cork Street in London from 8 November – 9 December 2017. While Currie had many paintings in the show, Krankenhaus is the eerie, unsettling, and powerful zenith of Currie’s work. It contains many of the themes on which Currie continuously ruminates (like the distrust of doctors or the fragility of the human body) but Krankenhaus also curiously focuses on the rhythms and weaknesses of breath and breathing. The painting visually touches on themes of suffocation, rupture, violence and death while also inspiring breathlessness and unease in viewers. This review focuses on Krankenhaus as the linchpin of Currie’s show and an explanation of his thoughts regarding medicine, humanity, and art.

Performing Mrs Dalloway (1925)

1. Before the curtain rises One writes for a very few people, who understand. A glorious June day in 1923: the “hot sun”; the “humming traffic ”; the people “walking the streets of London ” ; the “sound of Big Ben striking the half hour.” Clarissa Dalloway has “just broken into her fifty-second year.” She is giving a party in the evening, which the Prime Minister is due to attend. She decides on a dress suitable for the occasion, then goes out to “buy the flowers herself.” Meanwhile, Septimus...

Such Means of Locomotion: Transits of Voices in Gay’s Trivia

All current accounts of John Gay’s poem Trivia, or the Art of Walking the Streets of London (1716) assume that it is narrated by a single figure, the ‘Walker/Poet’. This essay treats it instead as a medley of voices and values shared mainly among the Poet, the straightforward and everyday Walker, and the Author, who writes the poem’s Index and the preliminary Advertisement, and whose tones and attitudes infiltrate the poem. The Poet’s culture is classical and upmarket, the Author’s modern and brash. These presences are partly personae or aspects of Gay himself – a voice identifiable as ‘John Gay’ narrates one of the poem’s paragraphs – but they are also voices in a dramatization of the clash of different kinds of literature and readership. Stressing the flexibility of the poem’s rhetorical address brings forward the ‘lower’ range of discourse occupied in Gay’s other works by ballads, songs and fables, and apparently missing from Trivia. This allows Gay’s poem to appear more modern, and more fun.