Strategy Framework Research Articles

The Israel-Hamas war and the IDF strategy framework

ABSTRACT Hamas’s invasion of Israel on 7 October 2023, with the attendant massacre of some 1,200 Israelis and the occupation of population centres and military bases – something that no Arab army has done since the 1948 war – posed unprecedented challenges to Israel’s socio-political and security establishments. Based on Chief-of-Staff Eisenkot’s 2018 doctrinal manifesto ‘The IDF’s Strategy’, this article assesses Israel’s national security principles and the doctrines for the use of force in an attempt to evaluate whether its political and military actions were aligned with these doctrines during the 2023–24 war with Hamas, and to determine the strategy’s value and possible gaps. It concludes that while the political and military responses appear consistent with the outlined principles, unexpected problems like hostage dilemmas and urban warfare complexities present unforeseen challenges not directly addressed by the manifesto.

Modeling and control system optimization for electrified vehicles: A data-driven approach

Learning-based intelligent energy management systems for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are crucial for achieving efficient energy utilization. However, their application faces system reliability challenges in the real world, which prevents widespread acceptance by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). This paper begins by establishing a PHEV model based on physical and data-driven models, focusing on the high-fidelity training environment. It then proposes a real-vehicle application-oriented control framework, combining horizon-extended reinforcement learning (RL)-based energy management with the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) to enhance practical applicability, and improves the flawed method of equivalent factor evaluation based on instantaneous driving cycle and powertrain states found in existing research. Finally, comprehensive simulation and hardware-in-the-loop validation are carried out which demonstrates the advantages of the proposed control framework in fuel economy over adaptive-ECMS and rule-based strategies. Compared to conventional RL architectures that directly control powertrain components, the proposed control method not only achieves similar optimality but also significantly enhances the disturbance resistance of the energy management system, providing an effective control framework for RL-based energy management strategies aimed at real-vehicle applications by OEMs.

Navigating the Marine Strategy Framework Directive D11: Updates on Threshold Values and Future Perspectives

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), enacted by the European Union in 2008, seeks to achieve a Good Environmental Status for European seas through 11 qualitative descriptors. This paper specifically examines Descriptor 11 (D11), which focuses on the impact of anthropogenic noise on marine ecosystems. Despite significant advancements and extensive work done by expert groups and researchers to establish methodologies for assessing this issue, critical gaps remain, such as the effects of anthropogenic noise on many marine species, including cetaceans. As the second MSFD cycle concludes, this paper emphasizes the need for further research on other forms of energy, such as electromagnetic fields, and advocates for standardized approaches, including a unified Level of Onset of Adverse Biological Effects (LOBE) for species and habitat.

Industrial 6G-IoT and Machine-Learning-Supported Intelligent Sensing Framework for Indicator Control Strategy in Sewage Treatment Process

Industrial 6G-IoT and Machine-Learning-Supported Intelligent Sensing Framework for Indicator Control Strategy in Sewage Treatment Process

COGNITIVE ORGANISATION OF LITERARY IMAGE: METAPHORICAL FRAMING

Topicality of studying the artistic image, its ontological status and complex of functions in the paradigm of modern linguistics is determined by the need to understand the specifics of an artistic text as a result of the verbal and mental activity of the author and the receptive-interpretative activity of the reader in the process of aesthetic communication. An artistic image embodies the main qualities of an artistic text – its conceptual inability to reflect objective reality within the framework of conventionality or life-like strategies. A literary text appeals to the network of associative connections that arise for the addressee of an aesthetic statement in the process of perceiving such a text on the basis of everyday and spiritual experience, background knowledge, including those determined by the general cultural outlook of the individual. In the process of research, it was proven that an artistic image arises in the process of abstraction and in an artistic text can be realised through metaphors, as a result of which the reader gets the opportunity to decode implicit meanings with the help of visual representations and verbalise them. Based on the texts of novels by Vladimir Orlov “Danilov, the Violist”, “Pharmacist” and “Shevrikuka” it is established that the cognitive organisation of an artistic image is determined by metaphorical framing, which forms the foundation of artistic fiction: there is a transfer by similarity in relation to situations, events, characteristics of characters represented in artistic text, and knowledge, values and meanings that form the foundation of the addressee’s worldview.

Exploring medication self-management in polypharmacy: a qualitative systematic review of patients and healthcare providers perspectives.

Purpose: Polypharmacy presents many challenges to patient medication self-management. This study aims to explore the self-management processes of medication in polypharmacy from the perspectives of both patients and healthcare providers, which can help identify barriers and facilitators to effective management. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative studies was performed by searching seven databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE, from their establishment until August 2024. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool was employed to evaluate the quality of the studies included. The extracted data were then analysed thematically and integrated into The Taxonomy of Everyday Self-management Strategies (TEDSS) framework. Results: A total of 16 studies were included, involving 403 patients and 119 healthcare providers. Patient management measures were mapped into TEDSS framework, including categories such as medical management, support-oriented domains, and emotional and role management. Conclusion: Enhancing patients' proactive health awareness, improving medication literacy, balancing lifestyle adjustments with medication therapy, dynamically reviewing and optimizing medications, strengthening patients' social support networks, and helping patients integrate medication management into their daily life are the key elements that can effectively assist patients in self-managing their medications. Future interventions to improve patient medication self-management ability should be designed for these issues. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024524742.

Framework for resilience strategies in agricultural supply chain: assessment in the era of climate change

Climate change is significantly and enduringly impacting global agricultural supply chains (ASCs), underscoring the urgent need to enhance their climate resilience. This study aims to identify key strategies for building agricultural supply chain resilience (ASCRes) in the context of climate change and their interrelationships. Through a comprehensive literature review and expert consultations, a framework of 12 strategies was developed. Using survey data from 312 Chinese ASC companies, BP-DEMATEL-ISM and PLS-SEM methods were employed to conduct causal analysis and factor level evaluation. The results indicate that “diversification of agricultural products and supply chain (SC) networks,” “Agriculture 4.0 and digital transformation,” and “taking proactive climate action” are critical strategies to enhance ASCRes in the context of climate change. These findings can provide theoretical basis for farmers, ASC companies, and governments to cope with the impact of climate change, so as to build more robust ASC systems.

Proposed Business Strategy In Sulawesi And Maluku Region: A Case Study of Xyz

The world economy is contracting because of war and widespread inflation. The Indonesian economy is still growing faster than the world average, though—roughly 5–6% faster. As a result, the company's growth and profitability in Indonesia depend on its growth plan. Services and consumables make up the Indonesia business area of XYZ. Although XYZ is already a key player in the services and consumables industry, to stay in line with the company's strategy, XYZ must grow in the Sulawesi and Maluku regions. According to current market understanding, mining is a rapidly expanding industry in Indonesia. As a result, mining is the best industry to investigate for XYZ services and consumables, and it is the best growth plan in this sector to increase the company's revenue. In order to perform this study, a framework for business strategy research is created, data is gathered, and research is reviewed. Structured interviews with respondents from all throughout Indonesia are used to gather data. Questions are posed to many departments inside the respondent's organization, including the management, sales, customer service, operations, repair, and logistics departments. The VRIO, PESTEL, PORTER Five Forces, and SWOT methods will be used to analyze the internal and external circumstances that are relevant to this investigation. Choosing the best approach to grow the Sulawesi and Maluku regions is crucial to increasing the revenue for XYZ in Indonesia. Using the Diamond Strategy framework is one of the methods used to formulate a strategy to achieve the objective. This framework can define each element of Arenas, Vehicles, Differentiators, Staging, and Economic Logic. Finally, XYZ anticipates it will include a clear implementation plan to execute this proposed strategy. With this, XYZ will be able to increase its revenue in Indonesia further.

Marketing Strategy for Air Force Central Hospital Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Yogyakarta: A SWOT Analysis

The study titled "Marketing Strategy for Air Force Central Hospital Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Yogyakarta: A SWOT Analysis" aimed to develop a comprehensive marketing strategy framework for the hospital management to enhance service delivery and patient satisfaction. Utilizing primary and secondary data sources through interviews, questionnaires, and literature review, the SWOT analysis identified the hospital's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, leading to strategic recommendations. The study concluded that with effective marketing strategies, such as competitive pricing, strategic communication, and service excellence, the hospital could significantly improve its market position and patient intake.

Towards malum prohibitum: crime deterrence strategies for reducing illicit antiquities trade

AbstractFight against illegal antiquities trade has predominantly taken a reactive stance. This study operates with novel quantitative and qualitative data obtained through a survey and interviews with 42 law enforcement agents from 21 source and market countries. An empirical insight on illegal antiquities trade is provided, and a comprehensive reference framework of crime deterrence strategies is created. Incidence and efficiency rates of the identified strategies conceal that a law enforcement response at the market side, strengthened through policing, criminal prosecution, reverse of the burden of proof, market control and traceability, is deemed most effective deterrence-wise leveraging certainty of being caught, severity and celerity of punishment, the key mechanisms of Deterrence theory. By contrast, the existing international and EU legislation are considered inconsistent. The findings reveal the need for critically reviewing the current situation and defining a pathway for antiquities markets from malum non prohibitum environments to at least malum prohibitum climates: shaping proactive policy approaches through updated legislation and targeted crime deterrence and prevention activities to be applied mainly at the market side.

Higher Education Institutions’ appreciation and adoption of e-publishing in Macau, China

The rapid digitization of scholarly communication has globally transformed the landscape of academic publishing. Through descriptive research, this study explored the appreciation and adoption of e-publishing strategies within higher education institutions in Macau, China. It aimed to establish a framework for effective e-publishing strategies in educational management to enhance teaching methodologies, student engagement, and learning outcomes. The research objectives included profiling higher education institutions based on enrolment figures, teaching modalities, institutional types, and learning facilities. Additionally, it assessed the level of appreciation of administrators, teachers, and students regarding electronically published learning materials in terms of quality, content, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness. Comparative analyses were conducted to discern differences in assessments among the three respondent groups. Furthermore, the study examined the relationship between institutional profiles and the level of appreciation for e-publishing. It also evaluated the extent of e-publishing adoption in academic management, administration, resource accessibility, and learning outcomes. There is a moderate adoption on the level of adoption of electronically published learning materials in terms of academic management, administration, and learning outcomes as assessed by the administrators, the teachers and the students. Ultimately, the findings yielded for the development of a strategic plan to promote the effective integration of e-publishing in higher education institutions in Macau, China.

Intelligent decision-making algorithm for airborne phased array radar search tasks based on a hierarchical strategy framework

To address the guided search task of airborne phased array radar in the scenarios of large airspace with widespread distribution of cluster targets in Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air combat, a hierarchical strategy framework based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed to guide different stages of search tasks. Firstly, an airspace set-covering model and a radar parameter optimization model for the guided search task of cluster targets are established. Secondly, the hierarchical strategy framework including upper-level and lower-level strategies is constructed based on the above models. Finally, the happo-rgs algorithm is proposed for feature extraction from Markov continuous observation sequences, to enhance the training effectiveness and improve the algorithm convergence speed. Simulation results show that the trained agent can make precise autonomous decisions rapidly based on airspace-target covering situation and target guidance information which significantly improves the radar search performance in the forementioned scenarios compared to traditional algorithms.

Green Supplier Selection Using Advanced Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Tools

In today’s competitive and environmentally conscious industries, the ability of organizations to adapt and respond is more important than ever. This study focuses on overcoming the obstacles faced by the Iranian automobile sector by highlighting the significance of incorporating green supply chain techniques. The research intends to integrate organizational operations with environmental sustainability goals by utilizing a MULTIMOORA strategy for supplier selection. The Iranian automobile sector, facing substantial environmental challenges, requires a strategy framework for selecting environmentally friendly suppliers in order to sustain competitiveness and fulfill ecological obligations. The study develops a supplier selection model based on extensive research and expert knowledge. The Delphi and MULTIMOORA techniques are employed to assess and prioritize suppliers according to green criteria, assuring conformity with environmental goals. Data are collected by conducting a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature and engaging in conversations with industry experts in order to acquire information for the construction of the model. The results emphasize the crucial significance of trust-based relationships with suppliers, rigorous compliance with quality standards in new product development, and substantial investment in employee training and development. Sector analysts view these characteristics as crucial for promoting sustainability and gaining a competitive advantage in the Iranian vehicle sector. This study provides firms with strategic instruments to effectively negotiate the intricacies of green supply chain management, with a particular focus on the need for adopting sustainable practices while selecting suppliers in the dynamic and competitive context of the Iranian automobile industry.

HLA-E and NKG2A Mediate Resistance to M. bovis BCG Immunotherapy in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the primary treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), known to stimulate inflammatory cytokines, notably interferon (IFN)-γ. We observed that prolonged IFN-γ exposure fosters adaptive resistance in recurrent tumors, aiding immune evasion and tumor proliferation. We identify HLA-E and NKG2A, part of a novel NK and T cell checkpoint pathway, as key mediators of resistance in BCG-unresponsive NMIBC. IFN-γ enhances HLA-E and PD-L1 expression in recurrent tumors, with an enrichment of intra-tumoral NKG2A-expressing NK and CD8 T cells. CXCL9+ macrophages and dendritic cells and CXCL12-expressing stromal cells likely recruit CXCR3/CXCR4-expressing NK and T cells and CXCR7+ HLA-EHIGH tumor cells. NK and CD8 T cells remain functional within BCG-unresponsive tumors but are inhibited by HLA-E and PD-L1, providing a framework for combined NKG2A and PD-L1 blockade strategy for bladder-sparing treatment of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

Effectiveness of demographic policy measures in addressing population decline in contemporary Russia

Demographic policy is one of the key tasks of almost any state at the present time. It correlates with the solution of pressing problems in the economic and social spheres, directly depends on the state of healthcare, education, migration policy and other factors and directly affects the socio-economic development of both individual regions and the country as a whole. Many Russian and foreign researchers believe that demographic indicators very accurately reflect the socio-economic and political situation of the state. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that for the progressive socio-economic development of any country, positive demographic dynamics are necessary. The main sign of the negative demographic situation that has developed in modern Russia and a number of countries, primarily European, is the growing scale of depopulation (population extinction). The purpose of this work was to analyze the existing demographic policy of Russia and compare demographic trends in Russia and other countries. The work uses methods of statistical data analysis, comparison of statistical indicators of fertility, mortality, natural population decline, migration, marriage rates in Russia and the Republic of Srpska, methods of retrospective analysis, research of the institutional environment created by the action of state and national programs “Demography”, “Providing accessible and comfortable housing and public services for citizens of the Russian Federation”, “Strategy of socio-economic development for the period until 2024”, Presidential decrees, etc. Research has shown that despite measures taken to overcome the demographic crisis, Russia’s population continues to decline. According to the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Rosstat), as of 1 January 2023, 146.45 million people lived in Russia. By 1 January 2046, according to a Rosstat forecast published in October 2023 the country’s population will decrease to 138.77 million people. To solve demographic problems in the Russian Federation, a national project “Demography” was developed and approved. The government has allocated more than 3 trillion rubles for its implementation. However, it is not possible to completely overcome the negative trend. The authors proposed a number of economic and ideological measures within the framework of agglomeration, migration, and family support policies that can be used within the framework of socio-economic development strategies and national programs aimed at overcoming the demographic crisis.

From Humour to Impact: Internet Memes in Political Discourse through (de)legitimization

Internet memes, as artifacts of digital culture, quickly spread political ideas and critiques, transcending traditional media. Despite their prevalence, understanding how memes use semiotic elements and (de)legitimization strategies to shape political narratives on social media is limited. This research investigates how semiotic representations and (de)legitimization processes materialize in political discourse through social media memes. Using Van Leeuwen's (2005, 2007) framework of social semiotics and (de)legitimization strategies, we analyzed the visual and textual elements of 47 memes collected from January to July 2024; we selected 11 memes that represent Van Leeuwen's (de)legitimization strategies. The study revealed that memes convey complex political messages using semiotic resources, including color, gesture, and text. Intertextuality, humor, irony, rationalization, and moral evaluation are commonly used to criticize or support political figures and ideologies. This highlights the dynamic role of social media in political communication, where memes rapidly influence public perception. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding semiotic and rhetorical strategies in political communication analysis. The study contributes to the discourse of digital political communication by showing how memes, as cultural artifacts, shape political narratives and legitimacy. The research has significant implications for political strategists, communicators, and academics interested in the intersection of media, politics, and culture.

Research on Key Issues and Pathways to Address Agriculture, Rural, and Farmers under the Background of the Rural Revitalization Strategy

The rural revitalization strategy is crucial for addressing the Agriculture, Rural, and Farmers in China, which encompass agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. This paper explores the key issues and pathways to effectively solve these challenges under the framework of the rural revitalization strategy. It highlights the importance of agricultural modernization, improvement of rural infrastructure, enhancement of education and healthcare services, diversification of farmers income, and the establishment of a modern rural governance system. By integrating resources, policy support, and technological innovation, this strategy aims to create an ecological, prosperous, and harmonious rural environment. The comprehensive implementation of these measures will bring new hope and opportunities to rural areas.

Management of Public Health: A Study on Novel Strategy for Securing Health Data

The effective management and security of sensitive health data is becoming exponentially important to public health administration. This research examines and evaluates innovative ways to improve health data security in public health management systems to provide accessibility for authorized stakeholders. The study introduces the War Strategy Optimized Elliptic Curve Cryptography (WSO-ECC) encryption method for improving the security of primary healthcare medical records. The WSO-ECC technique, based on a war strategy framework, optimizes encryption and decryption processes by balancing exploration and exploitation phases, enhancing security while maintaining efficiency. It significantly reduces encryption and decryption times compared to traditional methods.The proposed method offers a robust solution for safeguarding medical information in public health management systems, demonstrating superior performance of 24.6 in encryption time, 23 decryption times, execution efficiency, and delay.

The evaluation of professional potential of medical personnel in preventing medical risks at medical care support of patients with inflammatory diseases of maxillary antrum based on integral assessment of quantitative indicators of sociological surveys

The article presents results of quantitative sociological surveys based on original on-line questionnaire that allows to assess professional competence of otorhinolaryngologists in prescribing antibiotics to patients with acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. The professional potential of otorhinolaryngologists within the framework of national security strategy in the field of public health. The pilot approbation was carried out in February-December 2023 by means of quantitative sociological on-line survey of 627 otorhinolaryngologists from 32 subjects of the Russian Federation. The results of sociological survey permit to obtain valuable data to detect problematic aspects of activity of physician. To standardize survey data processing, automated system of collection and processing of information was developed. The proposed evaluation algorithm was successfully adapted for other profiles of medical care and taken as basis of methodology of studying professional potential of specialists of different profiles.

Navigating protection mechanisms and innovation models: A literature-based configurational framework of intellectual property strategies

This study constructs a configurational framework to examine the complex relationships of factors influencing firms' mechanisms in intellectual property (IP) protection within the dichotomy of open and closed innovation models. Our methodology synthesizes an extensive literature review to identify and explicate four configurations of intellectual property and innovation strategies: open/formal, open/informal, closed/formal, and closed/informal. These configurations reflect the multifaceted decision-making firms face in aligning their innovation models with suitable IP mechanisms. By integrating factors such as industry sector, innovation nature, market dynamics, and legal context, we offer a comprehensive framework that captures the strategic considerations of intellectual property management, highlighting the importance of various factors in shaping firms' protection and innovation decisions. Our findings propose a nuanced understanding of IP strategy selection, setting the stage for future empirical investigations to test and refine this framework across diverse industries and markets.