Market Strategies Research Articles

The challenges of Internationalisation of Chinese companies in Africa and Europe: A comparative analysis

The current research is undertaken as an in-depth comparison of challenges related to the internationalization process into Africa and Europe for Chinese firms. This paper synthesizes the empirical evidence that identifies and contrasts the different obstacles and strategies associated with expanding into these two diverse regions through a systematic review methodology. The Chinese firms face regulatory unpredictability, infrastructural deficiencies, and cultural integration problems within African countries themselves, which call for strategies like local partnerships and community engagement. In Europe, challenging factors involve stringent regulatory standards, high market competition, and political-economic uncertainties, all calling for a "comply, differentiate, and adapt" approach. The study therefore gives emphasis to the fact that strategies have to be designed for the respective region and provides concrete recommendations of how Chinese companies can master these complex environments successfully. These findings add significant value to the field of international business and further support the need for tailored approaches toward effective internationalization. Keywords: Internationalisation, Chinese Companies, Africa, Europe, Regulatory Challenges, Market Strategies.

Artificial intelligence for marketing product strategy in the online education market

The online education market has experienced tremendous growth, creating a competitive landscape where effective marketing solutions are crucial for success. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool, offering innovative ways to enhance product marketing strategy. The purpose of the article was to highlight the integration of artificial intelligence into marketing product strategies in the online education market and to evaluate the chances of success for launching a new training course implemented through AI algorithms. A systematic review of advanced technologies and products in the AI market was carried out, along with a comparative analysis based on data from various authors and reports from organisations, considering the aspects of interpreting qualitative and quantitative market characteristics. Leaders in the global and Ukrainian online education market were analysed, and research was conducted on the marketing product strategy measures of successful players, indicating qualitative and quantitative data using SimilarWeb and Semrush online services. These results allowed for an analysis of the connection between the identified market segments and influencing factors to make practical recommendations for improving elements of marketing based on the identified issues of products and the online education market. To demonstrate the relevance and effectiveness of the proposals, an approach was applied to test if a product with enhanced AI marketing would fit into the market using the example of the Projector Institute company. The assessment obtained from the calculations showed that AI can strengthen the marketing of online education products, as they will fully meet the interests of interested economic counterparts. The results of the study could be used by marketing, AI experts, product experts, business owners in marketing, etc. to enhance marketing solutions

Analysis of the Pet Companion Robot Market

Pet robot is a kind of intelligent device with artificial intelligence and mechanical technology. These robots provide a solution to the challenges of balancing work responsibilities and caring for pets, while also enhancing the interaction between owners and pets to ensure the health of pets. The pet robot market is a new technology market, through the in-depth study of the pet robot market, it can fill the research gap in this field and provide new research opportunities for the academic circle. Through the research methods of questionnaire survey and literature review, we compared the global market strategies of large, small and medium-sized technology pet robot companies, combined with the quantitative literature review and questionnaire quantitative analysis, and drew the conclusion that the pet robot market has great potential, but the entry barrier is high, and the differentiation strategy is needed.

Analysis of the Pet Companion Robot Market

Pet robot is a kind of intelligent device with artificial intelligence and mechanical technology. These robots provide a solution to the challenges of balancing work responsibilities and caring for pets, while also enhancing the interaction between owners and pets to ensure the health of pets. The pet robot market is a new technology market, through the in-depth study of the pet robot market, it can fill the research gap in this field and provide new research opportunities for the academic circle. Through the research methods of questionnaire survey and literature review, we compared the global market strategies of large, small and medium-sized technology pet robot companies, combined with the quantitative literature review and questionnaire quantitative analysis, and drew the conclusion that the pet robot market has great potential, but the entry barrier is high, and the differentiation strategy is needed.

The challenges of Internationalisation of Chinese companies in Europe: A systematic review

This paper systematically reviews the challenges and strategic responses of the internationalization of Chinese companies into European markets. This research work has identified a number of key obstacles that Chinese firms meet in Europe concerning entry strategies and operational modes, resulting from regulatory barriers, cultural differences, and competitive pressures, which have adverse impacts on market entry and operations by Chinese firms in Europe. The review shows that the complex, fragmented European regulatory environment and its stringent requirements, especially under the General Data Protection Regulation, have remained a big challenge in terms of compliance. Cultural differences entail large adjustments in product offerings and market strategies to suit various European consumer preferences and business practices. Furthermore, the high competitive environment within the European markets has meant that these Chinese companies must continuously innovate and differentiate in order to generate and sustain competitive advantage. Indeed, strategic responses identified include investment in local regulatory expertise, cultural localization, and brand building and innovation. This paper provides an overview of the relevant challenges and strategies for Chinese firms in Europe, and it also points out that much more research is needed on the changing dynamics of internationalization in this context. Keywords: Internationalization, Regulatory Barriers, Cultural Differences, Competitive Pressures, Chinese Firms, European Markets.

Strategic Directions of the Capital Market Development of Georgia

The development of the capital market in Georgia is an important prerequisite for the creation of a free and competitive environment, which naturally ensures the need for capital and investments in the country. It will become effective, innovative, focused on high results and a guarantee of economic development. The purpose of the study is to study the current situation in the sector in order to identify the main problem in the sector and by analyzing the shortcomings identified as a result of comparison with the desired situation, the main problem was identified. The diagnosis of the current situation in the sector is based on the conclusions of the overview of the development of the capital market made within the framework of the financial sector assessment program developed by the World Bank, the Asian Bank and other financial institutions. The mentioned conclusions were also used to determine the main problem-causing factors and negative consequences. The purpose of the capital market development strategy in Georgia is to create the most important action mechanism for the coordinated and consistent development of the capital market. The strategy reviews the current situation in the direction of the capital market, challenges in the field and ways to overcome them. The strategy defines the strategic position and future direction of the capital market of Georgia in the coming years. The capital market strategy defines the framework for the consistent introduction of new supervisory, regulatory and legislative acts, which is important for market participants to operate in a transparent and predictable environment. Keywords: Capital market strategy; Operating in a stimulating environment for market participants; Guarantor of economic development.

From Fields to Futures: Examining the Socioeconomic Shifts from Cardamom Cultivation in Eastern Nepal

Large-scale cardamom cultivation in Eastern Nepal is primarily concentrated in six districts, namely Dhankuta, Taplejung, Panchthar, Ilam, Terhathum and Sankhuwasabha, contributing over 80% of the national production and engaging approximately 60,000–70,000 families. The study aims to investigate how cardamom farming has impacted farmers' livelihoods compared to traditional farming methods and how the volatility of cardamom prices underscores the complex dynamics of capitalist market structures. This study focused on Ward No. 2 of Mahalaxmi Municipality in Dhankuta District and spans a five-year period from 2019 to February 18, 2024. Through census-based data collection from 27 households using interviews and observations, the research examined the impact of cardamom production on local livelihoods. The analysis incorporates insights from Marx's Mode of Production, along with perspectives from Jagannath Adhikari, Mark Liechty, and Ian Carlos Fitzpatrick. The findings reveal that earnings from cardamom cultivation did not only elevate living standards but also encouraged self-sufficiency and reduced reliance on foreign employment through borrowing, highlighting changing economic opportunities, self-esteem, and job prospects within the community. The study reveals that cardamom farming has the potential to significantly influence farmers' economic stability and highlights the need for better market strategies and government policies to address price volatility and enhance cardamom productivity.

Trends and Challenges after the Impact of COVID-19 and the Energy Crisis on Financial Markets

This review aims to examine the impact of increasing energy costs on the global economy, social cohesion, economic growth, and capital markets, with a particular focus on the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the energy crisis intensified by the war in Ukraine. The methodology involves an extensive review of recent academic literature to cast light on these impacts. The study identifies significant disruptions in supply chains and heightened volatility in international capital markets due to these crises. Furthermore, the findings highlight the resulting challenges for policymakers, academics, market analysts, and professionals in addressing corporate sustainability in an increasingly uncertain environment. This paper underscores the continued relevance of energy issues as a central concern, both independently and in connection with broader economic sectors. Additionally, it discusses the importance of policy measures to enhance energy security and the transition towards sustainable energy solutions to mitigate these challenges and foster economic resilience.

The moderating effects of national cultural practices on the relationship between international diversification strategies and corporate environmental responsibility disclosures

This study examines the relationships between an important market strategy (international diversification) and corporate environmental responsibility disclosure (CERD), a nonmarket strategy. We rely on institutional theory and the stakeholder perspective and hypothesize a positive relationship between international diversification and CERD. We also hypothesize a direct effect of performance-based cultural practices (PBC) and socially supportive cultural practices (SSC), derived from the GLOBE culture database on CERD and its moderating effect on the international diversification – CERD link. The sample includes 335 large Multinational enterprises (MNEs) from 31 countries then distributed among three corporate social responsibility (CSR) regimes: European, Anglo-Saxon, and Asian and emerging markets. The results show support for the hypothesized relationships between international diversification strategies and CERD and that the direction of the relationship varies by region of the world. We find significant support for the moderating role of national cultural practices on the international diversification-environmental disclosure links.

Navigating Geopolitical Tensions: MNEs’ Market and Nonmarket Strategies

Navigating Geopolitical Tensions: MNEs’ Market and Nonmarket Strategies

ANALISIS POSITIONING COFFEE SHOP LOKAL DI WILAYAH JABODETABEK

This research aims to examine the concept of coffee shop brand positioning in Indonesia, namely Kopi Janji Jiwa, Kopi Kenangan, Point Coffee, Kopi Lain Hati, and Kopi Kulo. The data collection method used was by distributing questionnaires online with samples taken using non-probability sampling techniques with purposive sampling to respondents who enjoy 5 coffee shop brands in Indonesia. Descriptive testing is used to analyze the influence of positioning on the coffee shop brand. The data used in this research is primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to 41 respondents. This research uses cross sectional research, namely a research method carried out over a relatively short time and in a certain place. The data analysis method used in this research is to analyze the attributes owned using the attribute based approach. In this research, three outputs will be produced, namely canonical discriminant function, preference map, as well as market strategy and marketing mix.

Digital News Audiences in Mexico: Age Segment Analysis

This study aims to determine whether news consumption, media trust, interest in news, and political affinity are correlated with the generational segment of the market, measured by the age of the digital audience. Furthermore, this study seeks to verify whether age is associated with digital audiences’ paying attention to journalists or news brands. This research is based on a survey of 2,005 people in Mexico by YouGov in 2022, commissioned by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford as part of its annual Digital News Report. The statistical method used was the chi-square test of independence between qualitative variables. The results showed that age correlates with consumption habits, media trust, interest in news, and citizens’ political affinity for digital audiences in Mexico. Moreover, age relates to whether digital audiences focus on journalists or news brands in Latin America. This study delves into the characteristics of digital audiences in Mexico and contributes from a media economics, media management, and media marketing perspective. It also helps media organizations assess their market strategy, market segmentation, and target markets based on the characteristics of digital news audiences in Mexico.

The Effect of Customer Relationship Management, Digital Advertising, and Discount Programs on Customer Loyalty at Start-ups in Jakarta

This study investigates the influence of Customer Relationship Management (CRM), digital advertising, and discount programs on customer loyalty at a start-up company in Jakarta. Utilizing a quantitative research methodology, data were collected from 180 respondents through a structured questionnaire employing a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3). The findings indicate that all hypotheses are positive and significant, demonstrating that effective CRM practices, strategic digital advertising, and attractive discount programs significantly enhance customer loyalty. Specifically, CRM showed a path coefficient of 0.293, digital advertising 0.223, and discount programs 0.351, with all paths being statistically significant. These results underline the critical role of integrated marketing strategies in fostering strong customer relationships and loyalty in the competitive start-up environment.

Development Status of Integrated PET/MR Products

Integrated PET/MR is one of cutting-edge technologies in functional and molecular imaging. A review of the current development status of integrated PET/MR products can provide inspiration and promote the development of related fields. This study introduced the technical characteristics and research and development difficulties of integrated PET/MR products from both hardware and software aspects, summarized the publication of English and Chinese papers related to the clinical application of PET/MR products from 2008 to 2022, analysed the differences and current status of clinical application of integrated PET/MR products at home and abroad, and pointed out the development status and direction of integrated PET/MR products in China. Finally, the development of integrated PET/MR products was discussed in terms of technology, clinical application prospects, and market strategies.

Optimizing Online Channels: Exploring the Interplay of E-Commerce in Customer Journey of Smartphone & Gadget Retail

The rise of e-commerce has transformed the global retail industry, including the smartphone and gadget sector. In Indonesia, while online shopping has become more popular due to its convenience, smartphone brands still face challenges. Despite the growth of online platforms, many customers prefer shopping in physical stores, especially after the pandemic. This research aims to understand what drives consumers to shop online for smartphones and gadgets, and to offer insights and strategies for both smartphone manufacturers and e-commerce platforms to boost their online presence and attract more customers. The study addresses key questions about consumer behavior: What motivates people to buy smartphones and gadgets online rather than in-store? How do they perceive their online shopping experience, and what factors affect their satisfaction? What obstacles do they face when shopping online, and how do they overcome them? How do they react to personalized marketing and recommendations? And what drives their loyalty and repeat purchases in the online market? By using the Customer Decision Journey, Marketing Technology, and Porter’s Five Forces analysis, the research identifies important factors like delivery, promotions, store information, and ease of finding product details. The study will provide actionable business solutions and recommendations to help smartphone manufacturers and e-commerce platforms tackle challenges and improve their online market strategies.

Study on Overseas Market Strategy of Chinese E-Commerce Enterprises

Study on Overseas Market Strategy of Chinese E-Commerce Enterprises

A Study on Management of Administrative Challenges and Market Strategies in the Implementation of Carbon Tax in Indonesia

This research discusses administrative challenges and market strategies in implementing a carbon tax in Indonesia. The carbon tax was introduced through the 2021 Harmonization of Tax Regulations Law to control CO2 emissions from fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Key challenges include administrative complexity, strong inter-agency coordination, effective monitoring systems, and consistent law enforcement. The global carbon market in 2023 shows great potential for economically efficient emissions reductions, but implementing this model requires adapting to Indonesia's socio-economic landscape. The research method used is a qualitative approach with case studies, combining data from policy documents, interviews with tax experts, and local carbon market analysis. The research results show that the implementation of a carbon tax is faced with several major challenges, including a lack of accurate data on emissions, an immature monitoring system, and resistance from certain industrial sectors. Effective market management strategies, such as the allocation of tax revenues to sustainable projects, are key to mitigating negative economic impacts and encouraging investment in green technologies. This research makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the complexity of carbon tax implementation in developing countries and its relevance in the global context for achieving climate change goals.

Data-Driven Customer Online Shopping Behavior Analysis and Personalized Marketing Strategy

In today's highly competitive market environment, personalized marketing has become an important means for enterprises to gain competitive advantages. In order to better meet customer needs, companies need to accurately identify and classify customers to implement more refined market strategies. This study focuses on the customer classification problem. Based on several classic deep learning models, the BiLSTM-TabNet model is designed, and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is introduced to further improve the model performance, thereby improving classification accuracy and practicality. Experimental results show that this model has achieved excellent performance on each data set, has higher accuracy and AUC value than the baseline method, and has advantages over other control models in comparative experiments. This research provides solid support for the implementation of personalized marketing strategies.

AI and big data in economic regulation: A comparative analysis of China and the United States

This paper examines the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in economic regulation within China and the United States, highlighting the differing approaches and outcomes. In China, the centralized governance structure allows for the swift and uniform implementation of AI-driven strategies, optimizing government strategies, and balancing economic growth with social equity. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the People's Bank of China (PBOC) are key players in utilizing AI to forecast economic trends and stabilize the economy. Conversely, the U.S. employs a decentralized approach, with AI applications driven primarily by the private sector and academia. The Federal Reserve leverages AI for policy decisions, while private firms use predictive models to enhance market strategies. Big data analysis supports decision-making in both nations, but differing governance structures lead to unique challenges and benefits. This study compares the centralized and decentralized systems, assessing their impact on economic performance and policy flexibility. The findings provide insights into how AI and big data can be optimized for economic regulation, offering lessons for other countries in adopting these technologies.

Research on Trade Risk and Preventive Measures of Domestic Anti-wear Hydraulic Oil Products

With the acceleration of global economic integration, the international trade activities of domestic anti-wear hydraulic oil products continue to increase, and the trade risks of chemical products such as anti-wear hydraulic oil products brought by export are also highlighted. In order to prevent the trade risk of domestic anti-wear hydraulic oil products, this paper puts forward some strategies, such as strengthening market research, implementing diversified market strategy, strengthening communication with international partners and establishing trade risk early warning mechanism, to solve the problems of unstable market demand, price fluctuation, trade barriers and policy risk faced by the trade of domestic anti-wear hydraulic oil products. In order to provide a useful reference for ensuring the stability and sustainable development of China's anti-wear hydraulic oil industry and further enhancing national economic security.