Strategic Momentum Research Articles

Quantification Analysis of Sports Momentum Based on a Multi-Index Approach and TOPSIS

This study quantifies the concept of momentum in sports, inspired by Novak Djokovic's unexpected loss in 2023, and evaluates its impact on game outcomes. Utilizing a structured multi-index approach, we categorized performance into fourteen primary and three secondary indexes. The TOPSIS model enhanced by entropy weighting, along with the Delphi model, was applied for weight assessments of these indexes. Our analysis, incorporating the Mann-Kendall trend test and Spearman correlation coefficient, revealed a significant correlation of 0.51 between momentum and match results, underscoring its pivotal role. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of momentum, enabling coaches to refine strategies and optimize performance based on dynamic changes in momentum. This study provides a comprehensive framework for quantifying momentum, with potential applications extending beyond tennis to other sports where strategic momentum management could influence outcomes.

Momentum-stopping: Effects on performance

Does success breed success? Psychological momentum theory suggests that past achievements might influence future performance. However, distinguishing between psychological and strategic momentum — where a player's effort shifts based on relative position — is challenging. In this paper, using a novel dataset from professional Counter-Strike: Global Offensive matches, I focus on technical timeouts. These timeouts don't affect player position but may disrupt psychological momentum. I find that a winning [losing] team with significant momentum sees a 13 [11.7] percentage points increased chance of losing [winning] the following round after calling for such a timeout. This shows that psychological momentum significantly affects performance and that timeouts can reset the momentum.

Research on momentum conversion in sports

Momentum, traditionally examined in sports, is an ability to increase or develop continuously, impacting mental and physical performance in a pattern akin to human preferences, which are complex and non-linear. This research explores momentum in sports, particularly tennis, integrating it with the economic concept of diminishing marginal utility to analyze momentum shifts. Using data from the 2023 Wimbledon men's singles, the study dissects momentum into absolute and relative measures, revealing server advantage and precise models with an R-square value of 0.877. It employs macro and micro perspectives to link momentum with success, affirming its significant impact on win rates and performance dimensions. A GARCH model identifies influential factors in momentum transitions, informing strategies for game control. Applying the model to basketball, specifically a 2024 Clippers-Celtics NBA game, maintains strong predictive capabilities, indicating its broader applicability. Practical recommendations for tennis coaches and players, grounded in empirical findings, conclude the study, emphasizing strategic momentum utilization.

The role of lean, agility and learning ambidexterity in Industry 4.0 implementations

There is an increasing interest in understanding the interdependencies between conventional lean and agile implementations and Industry 4.0 technology adoptions. Our knowledge of how they interact and enable Industry 4.0 implementations in learning organisations is still immature. Informed by the Strategic Momentum Theory and the contextual ambidexterity framework, this paper empirically investigates the effects of lean and agile implementations on Industry 4.0 technology adoptions with exploratory and exploitative learning as mediators. Using the data collected from an online survey of 166 Australian firms and analysed using the PLS-SEM method, we found that only lean practices have significant and positive direct effects on Industry 4.0 implementations, and exploitative learning partially mediates the relationship. We also found that agility does not have direct effects on Industry 4.0 implementations, and exploitative learning fully mediates their relationship. However, the mediating role of exploratory learning is not empirically confirmed. This study confirms several recent exploratory research studies that found evidence for the significant role lean implementations play in Industry 4.0 technology adoption. Agile practices need to first translate into exploitative learning. The findings inform practitioners that firms with investments in lean, agility and exploitative learning capability development will have advantages in technology implementations.

A study on the strategic momentum of SMEs’ digital transformation: Evidence from China

The digital transformation of Chinese SMEs faces the reality of slow start-up and difficult deepening. Considering the multi-stage characteristics of SMEs' digital transformation, this article is drawn on the theory of strategic momentum and the TOE framework is improved to examine the process of Chinese SMEs' digital transformation from the dimensions of response speed and implementation depth. Data from 221SMEs is analyzed through the fsQCA to explore the complex interactions between digital technology, organization, environment and the initial and deepening stages of Chinese SMEs' digital transformation. Three key findings are revealed. Firstly, to effectively promote the initiation speed and implementation depth of SMEs' digital transformation, a collaborative effort is required by entrepreneurs, digital service companies, customers, and government. Secondly, external factors have a significant promoting effect on both the initial and deepening stage of SMEs' digital transformation. Of particular note is the usability of digital technology, which is indicated to be a crucial factor for both the initial and integration stage. This indicates that SMEs exhibit a heightened sensitivity to the complexity and future uncertainty of digital technologies. Thirdly, by promoting the digitalization of industrial clusters, the deepening stage can be facilitated effectively by governments.

Feedback persistence matters! Uncovering the varying effects of success and failure persistence on firm risk-taking

The motivational effects of success and failure on firm risk-taking have been widely documented in research rooted in a behavioral theory of the firm, with the resultant body of work yielding divergent theoretical predictions and empirical findings. Despite scholarly progress, recent studies ruminate that envisioning success and failure through the lens of realized performance and aspiration foregoes its temporal considerations and takes a narrow view of its information content. Emphasizing the temporality of performance feedback, this study proposes success and failure persistence as reliable indicators of firm performance. In particular, we propose a curvilinear relationship between success (failure) persistence and firm risk-taking, such that risk-taking by firms initially decreases (increases) and then increases (decreases) with an increase in success (failure) persistence. Using a data set of publicly listed Indian manufacturing firms from 1995 to 2018, we find robust support for the above-proposed curvilinear relationships. Our findings highlight the nonlinear, asymmetric influences of success and failure persistence on firm risk-taking and disclose the presence of strategic momentum effects. This study contributes to the research on a behavioral theory of the firm and performance feedback theory and offers managerial guideposts for handling success and failure.

Optimal and fair prizing in sequential round-robin tournaments: Experimental evidence

We experimentally investigate how the prize structure affects the intensity, fairness, and dynamic behavior in sequential round-robin tournaments with three players. We compare tournaments with a second prize equal to either 0%, 50%, or 100% of the first prize. While theory predicts the 50%-treatment to be most intense, we find that aggregate effort is highest in the 0%-treatment. In contrast, our evidence supports the predictions that the 50%-treatment is fairest (though not perfectly fair), whereas the late mover is advantaged in the 100%-treatment and disadvantaged in the 0%-treatment. Also in line with the theory, we identify a strategic (reverse) momentum: after winning the first match, a player increases (decreases) effort in the second match of the 0%-treatment (100%-treatment). Additional findings suggest that dynamic behavior is also subject to a psychological momentum.

The moderating effect of strategic momentum on the relationship between big data analytics capabilities and lean supply chain practices

The present study aimed to explore the moderating role of strategic momentum in the relationship between big data analytics capabilities and lean supply chain practices in eight textile companies in Jordan. A quantitative research methodology incorporating a cross-sectional design was adopted to gather questionnaire-based responses to investigate the hypotheses put forth. The sample for the study consisted of 116 respondents, who were selected from a diverse group of senior executives from various fields, including IT, logistics, marketing, production, and strategic planning. These individuals possessed both knowledge and skills in data and business analytics disciplines. The data were analyzed utilizing SPSS version 28 and the PROCESS v3.5 macro developed by Andrew F. Hayes. The results revealed that the strategic momentum positively moderates the relationship between big data analytics capabilities and lean supply chain practices. These findings indicate that high levels of strategic momentum allow an organization to increase resources and focus on investing in and developing its big data capabilities, thereby supporting the implementation of lean supply chain practices.

Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Perpektif Manajemen Pendidikan Islam

The purpose of writing is to find out an independent curriculum for the learning of our peers. The curriculum holds a key position in an educational institution, as it deals with determining the direction, content and educational process, which ultimately determines the type and quality of graduates of an institution. This research is a type of literature research. The approach used is a qualitative approach. The results showed that Merdeka Learning returned educational literacy to its khittah as a strategic momentum to realize the goals of National Education so that religious spirituality literacy, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and the skills of students in restoring education.

Temporal Dynamics in Acquisition Behavior: The Effects of Activity Load on Strategic Momentum

AbstractMomentum theory suggests that acquisition experience leads to acquisition momentum in the form of a higher likelihood of subsequent acquisitions of the same type. However, this argument has been challenged theoretically and empirically. We reconcile conflicting predictions and findings of prior research and extend momentum theory by incorporating activity load as a novel causal mechanism to both replicate the base finding and explain deviations from it. We find that a high activity load due to increased acquisition activity acts as a counterforce to momentum, decreasing the likelihood of subsequent acquisitions of the same type. Moreover, we also find that the interplay of routines, cognitive frames, and activity load causes companies to alternate between different types of acquisitions – from small to large and from large to small – as management engages in attention modulation to preserve momentum. Taken together, our arguments and findings contribute to an improved understanding of temporal patterns of acquisition behaviour.

Set-level Strategic and Psychological Momentum in Best-of-three-set Professional Tennis Matches

We provide a theoretical and empirical analysis of strategic momentum and psychological momentum in best-of-three contests between players with unequal skills. As a theoretical benchmark, we develop a fully rational model of best-of-three contests and define psychological momentum as systematic deviation from the theoretical equilibrium. An empirical analysis of 66,262 professional tennis matches from 2002 to 2020 shows that our theoretical model closely matches first set outcomes, which is when set-level psychological momentum is absent. Overall, the empirical results show that both strategic momentum and psychological momentum contribute to the outcomes of best-of-three tennis contests.

The Impact of strategic momentum on achieving strategic flexibility - an exploratory study in a sample of Baghdad hotels

The research aims to show the extent to which hotel managements operating in the service sector are able to deal in a manner that responds to changes in demand forces in a smooth manner and the ability to interact without cases of confusion and chaos in performance. The performance of the departments of hotel organizations operating in the city of Baghdad and some indicators that the researcher diagnosed by surveying the opinions of a number of specialists in hotel work, as well as what some official and semi-official organizations interested in this matter showed from declining performance indicators, and the study sample represented (220) views in a number of hotels Baghdad operating within the classification of (4) and (5) stars, and their opinions were surveyed through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose, and the opinions were analyzed through the SPSS statistical program package. between the partners in the market to precede or parallel them in the trade name and profits. As for the most important recommendations, it is summarized that the hotel managements operating in the Iraqi environment When taking a step in terms of making deals, strategic planning, announcing an innovative service, or developing a product, studying the market situation and the political and material situation and how to implement it, there may be a better market to market a specific product or a better timing for an important deal, or an important emergency opportunity that requires a strategic plan Immediately, most uncontrolled risks lead to heavy losses.

Bioengineering of Microalgae: Recent Advances, Perspectives, and Regulatory Challenges for Industrial Application.

Microalgae, due to their complex metabolic capacity, are being continuously explored for nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and other industrially important bioactives. However, suboptimal yield and productivity of the bioactive of interest in local and robust wild-type strains are of perennial concerns for their industrial applications. To overcome such limitations, strain improvement through genetic engineering could play a decisive role. Though the advanced tools for genetic engineering have emerged at a greater pace, they still remain underused for microalgae as compared to other microorganisms. Pertaining to this, we reviewed the progress made so far in the development of molecular tools and techniques, and their deployment for microalgae strain improvement through genetic engineering. The recent availability of genome sequences and other omics datasets form diverse microalgae species have remarkable potential to guide strategic momentum in microalgae strain improvement program. This review focuses on the recent and significant improvements in the omics resources, mutant libraries, and high throughput screening methodologies helpful to augment research in the model and non-model microalgae. Authors have also summarized the case studies on genetically engineered microalgae and highlight the opportunities and challenges that are emerging from the current progress in the application of genome-editing to facilitate microalgal strain improvement. Toward the end, the regulatory and biosafety issues in the use of genetically engineered microalgae in commercial applications are described.

Separating psychological momentum from strategic momentum: Evidence from men’s professional tennis

Abstract In dynamic contests, strategic momentum and psychological momentum potentially coexist, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the two. We employ the setting of professional tennis, which allows us to separate psychological from strategic momentum. In tennis, converting a break point potentially triggers both strategic momentum—due to a change in the relative position of the players—and psychological momentum—due to a change in the perception of the players. To distinguish between these two momentum types, we employ exogenously given interruptions. Interruptions are predicted to affect psychological momentum negatively, while leaving strategic momentum unaffected. Using 4930 game-by-game observations from 141 Grand Slam men’s single matches, we show that the breaking players’ probability of winning a game increases after converting a break point, which provides evidence for momentum. Moreover, we show that this momentum effect is negatively affected by an interruption. Thus, psychological momentum seems to be the main trigger leading to a performance increase after a converted break point.

Strategic and Psychological Momentum in Professional Tennis

We provide a theoretical and empirical analysis of strategic momentum and psychological momentum in best-of-three contests where players have asymmetric abilities. As a theoretical benchmark, we develop a fully rational model of best-of-three contests and define psychological momentum as systematic deviation from the theoretical equilibrium. An empirical analysis of 67,730 professional tennis matches from 2002-2020 shows that our theoretical model closely matches first set outcomes, which is when psychological momentum is absent. Overall, the empirical results show that both strategic momentum and psychological momentum contribute to the outcomes of best-of-three tennis contests.

Does Success Breed Success? a Quasi-Experiment on Strategic Momentum in Dynamic Contests

AbstractWe study how agents adapt their behaviour to variations of incentives in dynamic contests. We investigate a real dynamic contest with large stakes: professional tennis matches. Situations in which balls bounce very close to the court’s lines are used as the setting of a quasi-experiment providing random variations in winning probability. We find evidence of a momentum effect for men whereby winning a point has a positive causal impact on the probability to win the next one. This behaviour is compatible with a reaction to the asymmetry of incentives between leaders and followers. We do not find momentum for women.

Best-of-five contest: An experiment on gender differences

Prior gender literature has focused on whether men and women differ in their willingness to enter competition. We conduct a laboratory study to examine, instead, gender differences while in competition. We analyze effort choices in a best-of-five probabilistic contest. The longer contest and the careful manipulation of the gender composition allow us to identify gender differences in competitiveness in an environment where success requires repeated interaction. We find that women exert significantly greater effort only when competing against other women, but for men the gender of the opponent is of no consequence. Our multi-battle structure also enables us to identify the psychological impact of immediate prior outcomes and the strategic impact of early round wins or losses, as well as their differential impact on genders. Across both genders, we find evidence supporting strategic momentum, but not psychological momentum. Finally, subjects who exhibit lower level of confidence and those who have higher utility of winning choose higher effort levels.

Best-of-five Contest: An Experiment on Gender Differences

Prior gender literature has focused on whether men and women differ in their willingness to enter competition. We conduct a laboratory study to examine, instead, gender differences while in competition. We analyze effort choices in a best-of-five probabilistic contest. The longer contest and the careful manipulation of the gender composition allow us to identify gender differences in competitiveness in an environment where success requires repeated interaction. We find that women exert significantly greater effort only when competing against other women, but for men the gender of the opponent is of no consequence. Our multi-battle structure also enables us to identify the psychological impact of immediate prior outcomes and the strategic impact of early round wins or losses, as well as their differential impact on genders. Across both genders, we find evidence supporting strategic momentum, but not psychological momentum. Finally, subjects who exhibit lower level of confidence and those who have higher utility of winning choose higher effort levels.

Is there no ‘I’ in team? Strategic effects in multi-battle team competition

Individuals may respond differently to their own past performance than to their teammates’ performance in a multi-battle competition. Using field data from professional squash team tournaments, we show that while previous individual success begets more success, teammates’ past performance has little impact on players’ immediate and overall battle performance. It could be argued that players follow the heuristic of doing their best for their teams while at the same time succumbing to a psychological momentum effect, which suggests that responses to their own previous performance depend on the full history of previous battle outcomes. Our analysis, however, cannot reject that players are motivated by a strategic momentum effect, which predicts that responses only depend on the current state of battle outcomes irrespective of its precise realization in history.

Organizational improvisation and the reduced usefulness of performance measurement BI functionalities

Firms are increasingly turning to business intelligence (BI) systems to support their management control activities, while management accounting researchers are increasingly focused on studying beneficial roles of such systems. The extant research focusses on how performance-enhancing effects of BI systems occur via enhanced managerial learning and knowledge creation. The research has however failed to consider how managerial learning and knowledge creation processes can be shaped by fundamental organizational contingencies. This paper ventures into this unexplored space to consider how organizational improvisation may moderate beneficial roles played by BI. We derive the concept of “semi-structuring heuristics” and apply it to theorize that the impact of BI functionalities on performance measurement capabilities is negatively moderated by organizational improvisation. Our hypotheses include two BI constructs (BI-planning functionality and BI-reporting functionality) and two organizational improvisation competences (strategic momentum and organizational flexibility). We test our hypotheses with partial least squares procedures using survey data from 324 top-level managers. We find that BI-planning functionality has a positive effect on performance measurement capabilities that is negatively moderated by both organizational improvisation competences. The only significant effect of BI-reporting functionality is as a positive moderator of the effect of BI-planning functionality. Organizational improvisation competences are quite common and entail managers using only “minimal forms” of performance measurement information. By implication, if the term BI “functionality” connotes usefulness and fitness-for-purpose, then this term appears a misnomer in contexts reliant on organizational improvisation.