Strategic Enablers Research Articles

Purpose This study investigates how the strategic alignment of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL), Green Human Resource Management (GHRM), and Green Organizational Culture (GOC) impacts Employee Green Behavior (EGB), with Green Self-Efficacy (GSE) serving as a mediating factor. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework, data were collected from 216 managerial employees of an Indonesian fertilizer company and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings GHRM and GOC significantly enhanced GSE and indirectly fostered EGB. However, GTL had no significant direct or indirect effect on GSE or EGB. This highlights a novel insight: leadership, without reinforcement from HR systems and culture, may not be sufficient to influence sustainable employee behaviors. The study underscores that GSE is a critical psychological pathway through which aligned systems promote green behavior. Research limitations/implications The cross-sectional design limits causal interpretation, and findings are based on a single industrial sector in a developing economy. Broader industry and cross-cultural studies are encouraged. Practical implications Organizations should prioritize aligning HRM practices and culture with sustainability objectives and invest in building employee self-efficacy to maximize the effectiveness of green leadership. Policy initiatives could support this alignment through environmental literacy programs and performance-linked incentives. Originality/value This research uniquely applies the SOR model to explore strategic alignment in organizational sustainability and uncovers the conditional impact of leadership effectiveness in green behavior transformation, an area previously underexplored.

This article develops a conceptual framework of Sustainable Human Resource Management (Sustainable HRM) by integrating three critical dimensions: Green HRM practices, ethical and responsible leadership, and digital resilience in HR systems. Positioned within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the study addresses the lack of theoretical integration across the fragmented literature. The framework highlights employee well-being as the central mediating construct linking HRM practices to sustainability outcomes, connecting micro-level engagement, meso-level HR systems and leadership ethics, and macro-level policy and ESG alignment. This explicitly demonstrates the multi-level (micro–meso–macro) nature of the framework. The proposed model advances theory by extending HRM beyond organizational boundaries, offering Sustainable HRM as a boundary-spanning and original perspective that links people management to global sustainability agendas. Using a five-stage conceptual development process including literature synthesis, construct definition, integrative framework building, formulation of conceptual propositions, and the design of a future research agenda—this study explicitly acknowledges its conceptual nature to set appropriate reader expectations and ensures methodological transparency in framework development. The study further contributes (1) to theory by clarifying how Green HRM, ethical leadership, and digital resilience interact through employee well-being to advance sustainability; (2) to practice by providing HR leaders with pathways to embed sustainability into core processes; and (3) to policy by informing regulators on HRM’s role in achieving SDGs. Ultimately, the framework positions HRM as a strategic enabler of sustainable development.

Social media marketing (SMM) is emerging as a transformative force in tourism, shaping how destinations engage travellers, construct brand identities, and promote sustainability narratives. Yet, despite its ubiquity, the intersection between SMM and sustainable tourism remains conceptually fragmented and empirically underexplored. This study applies a bibliometric and conceptual mapping approach to analyze global research trends from 2009 to 2023, using citation, co-authorship, and keyword co-occurrence analyses to uncover thematic patterns and research gaps. Findings reveal two dominant clusters: one focused on consumer trust, engagement, and destination image, and another on governance, climate action, and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The analysis exposes a pronounced geographic imbalance, with developed regions leading scholarship and limited representation from the Global South. It also identifies weak interdisciplinary integration across marketing, environmental science, and behavioral research. To bridge these gaps, the study advocates for a paradigm shift from short-term promotional strategies toward sustainability-oriented digital engagement that fosters long-term behavioral change. By highlighting underrepresented regions, emerging technologies, and cross-sector collaboration, this paper positions SMM as a strategic enabler of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and offers a roadmap for future research at the nexus of digital communication and sustainable tourism transformation.

Purpose This study aims to identify core capability gaps that hinder the development of business acumen and examine its role as a strategic enabler of innovation and sustained performance among Indonesia’s micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the digital era. Design/methodology/approach Based on a survey of 450 MSME executives, this study employs partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the relationships among business acumen, innovation creation, digital platform empowerment and sustainability. Findings MSME business characteristics, particularly strategic commitment and learning orientation, shape foresight and adaptability in dynamic markets, as reflected in the Enlightenment and Empowerment phases of the 5E model. Technological competence mediates the effect of government support on performance, while business acumen emerges as a central mechanism driving innovation and resilience. Research limitations/implications Theoretically, the study enriches the understanding of business acumen as a dynamic capability aligned with organizational learning and strategic foresight. Practical implications Practically, it offers a diagnostic roadmap for MSMEs and policymakers to strengthen innovation, commitment, and resilience. By framing business acumen as a cultivated capability, it emphasizes the role of digital literacy, adaptive learning, and institutional support in fostering inclusive and sustainable transformation. Social implications The study underscores the social value of MSME digitalization in promoting inclusive participation in the digital economy (SDG 8 and SDG 9). Through innovation and learning, particularly in the Enrichment and Empowerment phases, it supports socially inclusive and adaptive enterprise development. Originality/value The study offers an integrated mid-range conceptual model bridging organizational knowledge creation and dynamic capability theories. The novel 5E model outlines a developmental sequence for assessing how MSMEs build strategic agility through digital transformation.

Abstract: In the contemporary digital era, organizations in the Information Technology (IT) sector are increasingly adopting data-driven Human Resource (HR) analytics to enhance the precision, fairness, and effectiveness of employee performance evaluation. This research examines the impact of HR analytics on performance appraisal systems and its role in supporting evidence-based decision-making within IT companies. The study explores how analytical tools and metrics are utilized to assess employee productivity, skill development, behavioral patterns, and contribution to organizational goals. A quantitative research approach is adopted, collecting data through structured questionnaires from HR professionals and employees across leading IT firms. The findings indicate that the integration of HR analytics significantly improves the accuracy, transparency, and objectivity of performance appraisals while minimizing human bias and subjectivity. Furthermore, data-driven insights enable managers to identify high performers, forecast future potential, and align individual goals with organizational strategy. However, challenges such as data privacy, lack of analytical expertise, and employee resistance to analytics-based evaluations persist. The study concludes that HR analytics serves as a strategic enabler for transforming traditional appraisal methods into dynamic, evidence-based systems, ultimately enhancing employee engagement, performance outcomes, and organizational competitiveness in the IT sector. Keywords: HR Analytics, Data-Driven Decision Making, Employee Performance Evaluation, IT Sector, Performance Appraisal, Predictive Analytics, Human Resource Management

Safety engineering is increasingly recognized as a strategic enabler of sustainable development and poverty alleviation, yet its role remains underexplored in global sustainable development discourse. This paper critically examined the intersection of safety engineering and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 13 (Climate Action). Drawing on an integrative literature review of peer-reviewed studies and international organizational reports, the article demonstrated how safety engineering enhances occupational health, safeguards the environment, and strengthens resilience against poverty-inducing shocks from workplace incidents and environmental hazards. The study employed theoretical perspectives from occupational health, environmental justice, and human capital development to position safety engineering as a cross-cutting tool that links individual well-being, environmental protection, and economic productivity. Case analyses from both developed and developing contexts revealed how weak regulation, resource constraints, and cultural attitudes towards risk limit safety engineering contribution to sustainability. At the same time, the study identified opportunities that exist through innovations such as digital safety technologies, safety-by-design in infrastructure, international cooperation, and safety education. The findings highlighted that safety engineering is not merely a technical add-on but a foundational element of sustainable societies. The paper calls for interdisciplinary approaches that embed safety principles into global development strategies, regulatory frameworks, and poverty-reduction programmes. Future research should prioritize comparative analyses of regulatory effectiveness, culturally adapted innovations, and participatory training approaches to bridge existing gaps. By reframing safety engineering as both a technical and socio-economic enabler, this article underscores its transformative potential in advancing the 2030 global sustainable development agenda.

The resurgence of financial distress across multiple industries has renewed scholarly and managerial interest in corporate turnaround strategies. Traditional approaches to turnaround focused primarily on operational restructuring and cost control have proven inadequate in a financial landscape characterized by rapid technological change, volatile capital markets, and complex stakeholder dynamics. This review critically examines the role of financial innovation as a strategic enabler of corporate recovery and renewal. Drawing on literature from corporate finance, strategic management, and financial technology, it argues that innovative financial instruments, restructuring mechanisms, and governance models can provide distressed enterprises with the flexibility and resilience needed to restore solvency and competitiveness. The paper synthesizes theoretical and empirical insights to propose an integrative framework for financial innovation driven turnarounds, highlighting implications for managers, investors, and policymakers.

The role of design in corporate strategy is increasingly recognized as a catalyst for innovation, competitive differentiation, and organizational growth. This study explores the integration of design leadership, design thinking, and academic-industry collaboration as strategic enablers for business per- formance. Conducted within the Project in Product Design II (PDP II) at the Universidade de Aveiro, in partnership with Revigrés, a Portuguese ceramic tile manufacturer, the initiative served as a prototype for examining the role of the Chief Design Officer (CDO) in managing design processes and aligning them with business objectives.This study contributes to the discourse on design leadership by demonstrating how companies can embed design methodologies within corporate structures. Future research should examine the long-term impact of design governance, internal advocacy, and academic-industry partnerships in scaling design-led innovation within business environments.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how green human resource management (HRM) practices influence green innovation through the knowledge creation process. This work theoretically builds and empirically tests a conceptual model of the role of green HRM in fostering green innovation. Design Drawing on the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) theory and the knowledge-based view (KBV), this study uses survey data from 244 firms in the Spanish textile industry. A partial least squares structural equation modeling approach is used with a special focus on the mediating role of the knowledge creation process conceptualized by the socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI) model. Findings The results reveal that green HRM practices significantly enhance knowledge creation, which in turn promotes both green product and green process innovation. The knowledge creation process acts as a key mediating mechanism linking HRM systems to innovation outcomes. Originality This study offers a novel contribution by integrating the AMO framework with the KBV to explain how green HRM practices stimulate distinct knowledge creation processes based on the SECI model. It clarifies how people management systems contribute to green product and green process innovation through organizational knowledge processes. Practical implications This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of green HRM as a strategic enabler of green innovation and offers actionable insights for managers seeking to align human capital strategies with sustainability objectives.

The study addresses the research question of how ICT infrastructure can promote competitive advantage based on cloud accounting in Jordanian banks and moderated by the efficiency of cybersecurity. The issue discussed is the lack of knowledge about the ways in which secure ICT systems can be strategically used to transform financial operations within a digitally developing banking sector. Based on the paradigm of Design Scientific Research, the research design adopted a qualitative conceptual design, secondary data and expert opinion were used to produce a theoretical framework based on the Resource-Based View and the Market-Based View. The findings indicate that an efficient ICT infrastructure supports timely decision-making, flexibility in operations, and cost-efficiency, and that cybersecurity supplements such performance significantly. The study recommends investing additional capital into safe cyber infrastructure and regulatory disclosure. Among the implications are the ability to position cybersecurity as a strategic enabler and the ability to view cloud accounting as a fundamental source of sustained competitive advantage in emerging economies.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is perceived as a communication agent in identifying Shariah and regulatory aspects of halal audit in Malaysia. AI offers transformative potential to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and transparency in the monitoring process. It strengthens the compliance and verification process of the halal audit. It is found that past research has overlooked Shariah and regulatory perspectives in halal auditing. Therefore, this study seeks to identify dominant frames used in the existing literature regarding Shariah compliance and regulatory requirements in AI-powered halal auditing systems. Guided by Compliance Theory, which categorises motivations into normative, coercive, and instrumental compliance, the research adopts a qualitative meta-analysis of ten articles published between 2022 and 2025. The findings reveal that instrumental compliance driven by strategic benefits such as operational efficiency, digital transformation, and cost reduction is the most prevalent frame, followed by coercive compliance, which is motivated by external and regulatory enforcement. Normative compliance, rooted in ethical and religious obligations, was least emphasised, highlighting a risk of underrepresenting Shariah-based motivations in AI adoption. The results suggest that while AI can serve as a strategic enabler for halal auditing, over-reliance on instrumental and coercive approaches may undermine the deeper Shariah and Islamic ethical principles. The study highlights the importance of developing balanced communication strategies that integrate AI adoption with regulatory requirements and Shariah principles, ensuring the integrity of AI-powered halal audits throughout the entire halal ecosystem.

ABSTRACT This study investigates the factors influencing the competitiveness and sustainability of women-owned micro-sized and small enterprises (MSEs) in Indonesia. Employing a mixed-methods approach combining strategic assumption surfacing and testing, focus group discussions, and structured surveys, the research identifies key barriers and strategic enablers for women entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that leadership skills, social capital, financial and digital literacy, and government support are critical determinants of business success. Integrated support programs, particularly those emphasizing digital skills and mentorship, significantly enhance entrepreneurial capabilities and improve business outcomes. However, persistent challenges remain, including cultural norms and limited access to resources. The study underscores the need for targeted capacity-building and digital literacy initiatives to empower women entrepreneurs and foster an inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem. The conceptual framework, grounded in resource-based and resource-advantage theories, offers actionable recommendations for policy makers to strengthen women-owned MSEs’ sustainable growth.

The convergence of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) and digitalization has fundamentally redefined how emerging ventures and resource-constrained enterprises engage with dynamic, technology-mediated marketplaces. Entrepreneurial marketing, characterized by its opportunistic, agile, and resource-leveraging nature, aligns closely with digitalization—the systemic adoption of digital technologies to enhance value creation, customer interaction, and operational scalability. This paper critically examines the synergistic relationship between EM and digitalization, providing a comprehensive analysis of the inherent challenges, strategic enablers, and transformative opportunities that arise from this intersection. The discourse contributes to advancing a more nuanced understanding of marketing innovation in digitally evolving entrepreneurial ecosystems.

The rapid expansion of e-commerce logistics has transformed agricultural value chains, creating new opportunities for efficiency, traceability, and sustainability. However, the integration of logistics systems with sustainable agriculture remains limited in both practice and policy. This study develops a conceptual framework called the Digital Green Supply System (DGSS) by extending the model proposed by Zhou et al. (2024) on optimal logistics strategies for green agricultural e-commerce. Using a theory-extension approach based on secondary quantitative findings and system-level interpretation, the research explores how digital logistics can serve as a catalyst for sustainable agricultural transformation. The analysis reinterprets key parameters game-theoretic model logistics service cost coefficient (k), consumer sensitivity to logistics quality (γ), and platform commission rate (ρ) to explain how cost–service trade-offs influence environmental and economic outcomes. The proposed DGSS framework comprises four interconnected layers: digital integration, green logistics, value chain optimization, and sustainability feedback. Together, these components form an adaptive ecosystem that balances profitability, carbon efficiency, and social inclusivity through data-driven coordination and real-time feedback loops. The findings highlight that e-commerce logistics integration can reduce post-harvest losses, lower emissions, and enhance market accessibility for rural producers. Policy implications include promoting green logistics subsidies, digital infrastructure investment, and open data systems to strengthen environmental accountability. Overall, the DGSS framework positions e-commerce logistics as both a strategic enabler of sustainable agriculture and a foundation for low-carbon, resilient, and inclusive agri-food systems.

This study investigates the role of Resource Consumption Accounting (RCA) in improving cost accuracy and supporting sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in the cement industry of the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Using empirical cost data from a leading cement company, the study compares unit costs of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Sulphate-Resisting Cement (SRC), and Pozzolanic Block Cement (PBC) under traditional costing and RCA systems. The analysis shows substantial differences, with RCA increasing OPC costs while reducing SRC and PBC costs, yielding potential annual savings exceeding 8.6 billion IQD and directly enhancing the cost dimension of SCA. While direct evidence for innovation, quality, and delivery improvements was not captured, managerial insights indicate that these savings can be strategically reinvested to improve production flexibility, quality control, and responsiveness. Framed within the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities perspectives, the findings highlight RCA’s role as a strategic resource, emphasizing its potential to drive broader organizational capabilities, guide pricing and capacity decisions, and strengthen competitiveness across multiple dimensions. These findings demonstrate that RCA is not merely a costing tool but a strategic enabler, capable of transforming financial insights into actionable decisions that enhance efficiency, flexibility, and long-term competitiveness in emerging-market industries.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the E-Surat program implemented by the Surabaya City Department of Industry and Manpower (Disperinaker) as a digital administrative innovation to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and transparency in internal correspondence. A descriptive qualitative approach was applied, combining in-depth interviews with employees, systematic observation, and document analysis. Campbell’s evaluation indicators goal achievement, system stability, and user satisfaction served as the analytical framework. Findings reveal that since its introduction in 2018, E-Surat has improved administrative workflows, reduced paper consumption, and accelerated document circulation. The system is reliable, supported by adequate infrastructure, and integrated into daily organizational routines. It strengthens transparency, accountability, and interdepartmental coordination, while user satisfaction remains high due to its accessibility, security features, and responsive technical support.Despite these achievements, challenges persist in enhancing digital literacy, technical capacity, and employee involvement in system development. Overall, the program meets key success indicators but requires ongoing capacity building and participatory improvements to function as a strategic enabler of adaptive and inclusive digital governance. This study contributes to digital governance scholarship by providing empirical evidence from local government innovation in Indonesia, illustrating how administrative digitalization can drive transparency and efficiency in developing contexts.

The rise of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) imperatives has transformed finance from a compliance-driven function into a strategic enabler of sustainability and corporate accountability. Traditional ERP systems such as SAP ECC were not designed to capture and report ESG data, resulting in fragmented processes, manual reporting, and compliance risks. SAP S/4HANA, with its Universal Journal, embedded analytics, and integration with SAP Sustainability Control Tower, provides a digital core capable of embedding ESG into finance operations. Drawing on my experience architecting large-scale digital finance transformations, this paper explores how enterprises can integrate ESG into their financial architecture, ensuring compliance by design, transparency in reporting, and predictive insights into sustainability performance. By aligning financial and non-financial data within a single platform, organizations can move beyond regulatory compliance to achieve competitive advantage, resilience, and stakeholder trust. This positions digital finance not only as the backbone of business operations but as an infrastructure for sustainable growth.

In an increasingly volatile financial environment, effective risk monitoring has become a cornerstone of sustainable banking performance. This study investigated the effect of risk monitoring practices on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya, focusing on how systematic observation, evaluation, and reporting of risks influence profitability, liquidity, and asset quality. Anchored on the Dynamic Capabilities Theory, the study posited that the ability of banks to continuously monitor and adapt to changing risk conditions enhances competitive advantage and financial resilience. The research adopted a positivist philosophy and employed a descriptive and explanatory research design. The target population consisted of 2,293 senior management employees from 38 commercial banks licensed by the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK). Using stratified random sampling, a sample of 266 respondents was selected. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and supplemented with secondary data from audited bank reports and CBK supervisory publications (2019–2023). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression via SPSS (Version 27). Empirical results revealed a strong and significant positive relationship between risk monitoring and financial performance (r = 0.673, p < 0.05). Regression analysis further indicated that risk monitoring accounted for 75.9% of the variance in financial performance (R² = 0.759), with a regression coefficient of β = 0.411 (p < 0.05). The study established that effective risk monitoring practices—such as regular compliance audits, timely risk reporting, and the use of digital dashboards—enhance operational efficiency, profitability, and shareholder returns. Conversely, banks with weak monitoring mechanisms faced higher non-performing loan ratios and declining return on equity. The study concluded that continuous, technology-driven risk monitoring frameworks are essential for maintaining financial stability and improving institutional performance. The study recommends that commercial banks strengthen real-time monitoring systems, integrate advanced analytics into decision-making, and enhance staff training in risk oversight. Furthermore, the CBK should enforce standardized risk monitoring frameworks to ensure consistency across institutions. The findings contribute valuable insights to risk management literature, emphasizing that proactive monitoring is not only defensive but a strategic enabler of financial sustainability in Kenya’s banking sector

This paper introduces cognitive adaptivity as a novel framework for addressing human factors in cybersecurity during the Industry 5.0–6.0 transition, with a focus on hard-to-abate industries where digital transformation intersects sustainability constraints. While the integration of IoT, automation, digital twins, and artificial intelligence expands industrial efficiency, it simultaneously exposes organizations to increasingly sophisticated social engineering and AI-powered attack vectors. Traditional resilience-based models, centered on recovery to baseline, prove insufficient in these dynamic socio-technical ecosystems. We propose cognitive adaptivity as an advancement beyond resilience and antifragility, defined by three interrelated dimensions: learning, anticipation, and human–AI co-evolution. Through an in-depth case study of the ceramic value chain, this research develops a conceptual model demonstrating how organizations can embed trust calibration, behavioral evolution, sustainability integration, and systemic antifragility into their cybersecurity strategies. The findings highlight that effective protection in Industry 6.0 environments requires continuous behavioral adaptation and collaborative intelligence rather than static controls. This study contributes to cybersecurity literature by positioning cognitive adaptivity as a socio-technical capability that redefines the human–AI interface in industrial security. Practically, it shows how organizations in hard-to-abate sectors can align cybersecurity governance with sustainability imperatives and regulatory frameworks such as the CSRD, turning security from a compliance burden into a strategic enabler of resilience, competitiveness, and responsible digital transformation.

In the face of intensifying competition, private universities in Kenya are increasingly adopting technology-driven strategies to enhance institutional performance. This study explored the strategic role of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) technologies in boosting institutional competitiveness. It examined the impact of CRM platforms, system interoperability, workflow automation, self-service portals, and CRM-driven data analytics. A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed, targeting 36 private universities. The data was collected from 204 respondents across 17 institutions using structured questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS v30 and AMOS v29, employing Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, hierarchical regression, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Findings revealed a strong, positive, and statistically significant relationship between CRM technologies and institutional competitiveness (r = .654; β = .278; p = .001), with CRM technologies explaining 58.4% of the variance. Qualitative insights revealed limited integration of CRM platforms with academic systems, underutilization in predictive analytics, and a gap in real-time support functions. The findings underscore the need for institutions to shift CRM technologies from basic administrative tools to strategic enablers of personalization, intelligence, and institutional agility. The study concludes foundational CRM infrastructure and advanced capabilities such as automation, self-service, and analytics are critical to driving competitiveness. It recommends investing in integrated, student-centered CRM systems supported by AI-powered tools, robust data platforms, and staff capacity building. These technologies should be embedded in institutional strategy to enhance service delivery, foster student engagement, and position universities for long-term competitive advantage.