Story Content Research Articles

Agency and Communion in Brief Entire Life Narratives Across the Life Span.

The evolving life story is integral to personality, and motivational themes are central features of the life story. Personality implies individual differences that are relatively stable over time, but still allow for developmental processes. This study explored both long-term stability and developmental change in thematic content of the life story. Fulfilled and unfulfilled agency and communion were studied in brief entire life narratives across 4 measurements in 12 years in a cohort-sequential design including six cohorts (n = 172; age 8-77). Fulfilled agency and communion, as well as unfulfilled agency exhibited moderate rank order stability over 4 and 8 years, fulfilled communion showed even a modest 12-year stability, whereas unfulfilled communion displayed an unsystematic pattern. Developmentally, multilevel analyses revealed an inverted U-shaped association between age and both fulfilled and unfulfilled agency, peaking in mid-life. Fulfilled communion declined after emerging adulthood, but unexpectedly did not increase again in old age. Unfulfilled communion showed no systematic age trends. Girls and women told life narratives with more fulfilled and unfulfilled communion, whereas genders did not differ in either kind of agency. The content of the life story exhibits rank-order stability over time and systematic mean-level development across the life span.

Jewelry of Eastern Lanna Identity: Strategies and Approaches for Contemporary Jewelry Design from Cultural Identity

Today’s jewelry designs look more contemporary, emphasizing self-expression by reflecting the perspectives and ideas of designers and artists in the context of society, culture, ethnicity, aesthetics, technology and ways of life through designs that are unique and in line with today’s lifestyles to create new artistic approaches. This research presents strategies and guidelines for designing contemporary jewelry from cultural capital by using the eastern Lanna area as a case study. The researchers conducted a unique analysis by studying the image and identity of the provinces in the eastern Lanna region, which led to the development of strategies and guidelines for jewelry design that reflect the eastern Lanna identity, as well as assessment of the perceptions of and satisfaction with jewelry prototypes designed by these strategies and such guidelines. The results showed that, in this research, the BLEND strategy was used in contemporary jewelry design, which was developed from the interpretation of the identity, image and characteristics of the provinces in the eastern Lanna group, into a design development in the form of a mixed design, or hybridization. These guidelines for creative design have generated design terms and conditions to present the value of work that expresses identity through four elements, namely 1) color, 2) materials, 3) patterns/shapes, and 4) story contents, which are synthesized through the perception of representative images to design and produce jewelry prototypes. The results of the evaluation of the jewelry prototypes as a whole revealed that the jewelry can express the eastern Lanna identity in an effective way, resulting in the creation of new knowledge in design, which is the development of concepts and processes to interpret new meanings in design in order to create value and worth as part of the utilization of cultural capital in the development of the country.

Analysis of Students Problem Solving Abilities Using Contextual Learning on Colloid Material at SMAS Pertiwi

Many students do not have good problem solving skills in solving problems in everyday life, especially in chemistry learning. Therefore, analysis of students' problem solving abilities is needed to determine the level of problem solving abilities in chemistry learning, especially in colloidal systems material in everyday life. The purpose of this study is to describe how students use cooperative learning, specifically contextual learning, to solve problems. The goals of this study will be accomplished since the data collected will take the shape of words or utterances derived from the outcomes of interviews and Polya's problem-solving abilities. The use of this innovative learning media is supported by a contextual learning model. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This research procedure includes: (1) preparation stage; (2) implementation stage and (3) Final Stage. The problem solving ability of class XI students of SMAS Pertiwi Medan is at the "very good" level with a total of 24 students and a percentage of 39% of the total 62 students. The difficulty in answering problem solving ability test questions that students often experience is not understanding the story content of the test questions given.

Comparative Study on the Aesthetic Characteristics of The Nightingale and the Rose and The Narrow Door from the Perspective of Aestheticism

Based on the aesthetic background of aestheticism, this paper studies the common and different aesthetic characteristics of the two works. By using the method of comparative research, this paper compares the characteristics of Wilde’s The Nightingale and the Rose and Gide’s The Narrow Door from the direction of tragedy, and analyzes the differences in story content, expression techniques, and emotional expression, to achieve a unique interpretation of beauty. Although the two have their emphasis on the expression technique and theme, they both embody strong aesthetic characteristics and a profound reflection on life, love, and faith. Through the comparative study of these two works, one can deeply explore their similarities and differences in tragedy, aesthetic view, and emotional expression, and reveal the unique interpretation and pursuit of beauty of the two writers under the background of aestheticism. Through the comparative study of this paper, can see that the two works have aesthetic characteristics, critical characteristics, death art characteristics, and faith complexes. Oscar Wilde’s The Nightingale and the Rose also has a scathing quality, while Andre’s “The Narrow Door” embodies a contradictory quality.

An Insight into developmental changes in reasoning skills among Indian Preschoolers: A cross-sectional study using a story-based approach

Background: Considering the importance of exploring the development of reasoning skills during preschool period and the suitability of using a culturally linguistically relevant story-based approach for the same, the present research intended to profile the reasoning skills in typically developing Indian preschool children between 36 and 72 months using a story-based approach. The specific objectives were to develop explanation, prediction, and inference based reasoning tasks around a story and assess the reasoning skills in typically developing Indian preschool children using the same. Method: Reasoning tasks across explanation, prediction, and inference domains were developed based on a story and evaluated for its psychometric properties. The developed tasks were then administered to 63 typically developing Indian preschool children attending English medium schools in Mangalore. The preschoolers were equally divided into three age groups, and the responses obtained across the age groups were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: The developed tasks were confirmed to have good psychometric properties like content validity and reliability. The age comparisons of reasoning abilities using one-way ANOVA suggested an increase in reasoning abilities with age during the preschool period. The qualitative analysis further suggested that with increasing age, the nature of reasoning changed from content-based reasoning to reasoning based on prior knowledge which was integrated with the story content. Conclusion: The study describes reasoning skill development using a story-based task in Indian preschoolers. The study findings further provide clinical and educational implications to assess and foster reasoning abilities among preschoolers.

Digital Stories Created by Children With Advanced Cancer.

Background: Legacy building is a priority for pediatric oncology. Storytelling is one strategy to help children document their legacies. Understanding story content would advance knowledge of how children want to be remembered but this has yet to be explored. This study explored content of digital stories created by children with advanced cancer. Method: Facebook advertisements were used to recruit families of children (7-17) with relapsed/refractory cancer to participate in a randomized controlled trial testing a legacy intervention through storytelling. Parent-child dyads (N = 150) were randomly assigned to an intervention or usual care group. A web program guided children to answer legacy questions and upload photographs, movies, and music. Families received the final digital stories. Experienced qualitative coders developed a hierarchical coding system to identify major categories/subcategories within 78 stories. Results: Stories included 1,516 unique story entries, including text, photographs, and movies. Two major categories emerged from the data: (a) story entry medium and (b) story content. Photographs frequently reflected people, objects, pets, and places while text often described personal preferences, goals, dreams, and other people. The story content overall included references to (a) people, (b) setting/location, (c) cancer, (d) objects/activities, and (e) expression of emotions/beliefs. Exemplar quotes, counts, and frequencies for each category are reported. Discussion: Children documented their legacies through stories that emphasized the value of family relationships and children's desires to be known for personal traits/preferences. Children chose to include cancer in their stories, indicating that cancer is a part of how children perceive their legacies. Registration Number: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04059393.

An Insight into developmental changes in reasoning skills among Indian Preschoolers: A cross-sectional study using a story-based approach

Background: Considering the importance of exploring the development of reasoning skills during preschool period and the suitability of using a culturally linguistically relevant story-based approach for the same, the present research intended to profile the reasoning skills in typically developing Indian preschool children between 36 and 72 months using a story-based approach. The specific objectives were to determine the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of reasoning tasks within an existing story-based cognitive-communicative assessment tool and to use this tool to assess the reasoning skills of typically developing Indian preschool children. Method: Reasoning tasks across explanation, prediction and inference domains were evaluated for its psychometric properties and administered to 63 typically developing Indian preschool children attending English medium schools in Mangalore. The preschoolers were equally divided into three age groups. The responses obtained across the age groups were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: The developed tasks were confirmed to have good psychometric properties like test-retest and inter-rater reliability. The age comparisons of reasoning abilities using one-way ANOVA suggested an increase in reasoning abilities with age during the preschool period. The qualitative analysis further suggested that with increasing age, the nature of reasoning changed from content-based reasoning to reasoning based on prior knowledge which was integrated with the story content. Conclusion: The study describes reasoning skill development using a story-based task in Indian preschoolers. The study findings further provide clinical and educational implications to assess and foster reasoning abilities among preschoolers.

Analisis Sosiologi Sastra Cerpen Penthouse 2601 Karya Djenar Maesa Ayu dan Implikasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia

Short stories are part of a literary genre that describes the environment. One of the important things in short stories is how the author's events and thoughts can be expressed well so that they can be understood and enjoyed well by readers. To find information contained in short stories in more depth, research can be done in the form of analysis. The aim of this research is to examine the content of the short story entitled "Penthouse 2601" by Djenar Maesa Ayu using a literary sociology approach. In literary sociology, literary works are considered as a reflection of society's life which cannot be separated from consideration of fictional elements and social aspects of society's life. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method. By using listening and taking notes as a data collection technique. The results of this research show that in the short story entitled "Penthouse 2601" there are social aspects and cultural aspects. This research can have implications for Indonesian language learning, especially at the Senior High School (SMA) level

‘부분의 독자성’ 개념의 재조명과 그 확장적 활용 가능성

This study re-examines “independence of the part,” a key concept in explaining the narrative structure, compositional principles, recognition of reality, and aesthetics of pansori. Additionally, it explores how this concept can be used extensively today. To this end, this study first discusses the meaning categories of “independence of the part” when it was first created in 1969, and the problems that have been pointed out regarding this concept since then, including a proposal of the concept of “maximizing of the scene,” and why the concept of “independence of the part” is still valid. Furthermore, this study considers what premises are required to use this concept more effectively in the future. In an era abundant with cultural content, when the creative succession of pansori is required, this study suggests through three main aspects how “independence of the part” can be effectively utilized: as a channel for raising critical question about the social reality; a channel for reflecting contemporary elements of interest; and as a channel for experimenting with new versions and repertoires. It confirms that “independence of the part” has the power to make the meaning of the pansori text open to various interpretations, ensuring pansori remains a living heritage rather than just a remnant of past cultural heritage. Furthermore, it is crucial for efficiently eliciting other content. In the 21st century, Korean Wave and the rise of K-contents have attracted attention worldwide. Nevertheless, serious consideration of “Korean storytelling” seems necessary for sustainable development and strong competitiveness. The final suggestion is that “independence of the part” can function as a key principle and qualification of such Korean storytelling. It is hoped that the discussion presented here will serve as an opportunity to actively pay attention to the potential of “independence of the part” in the creation, criticism, and research of pansori and other Korean story contents today.

Perkembangan Kemampuan Bahasa Reseptif Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Melalui Penerapan Metode Read Aloud

Receptive language ability needs to be considered in early childhood, so that listening to understand the language that children hear. This study aims to describe the application of the read-aloud method in TK Islam El-Fash, South Tangerang City, its role in children's receptive language development of children aged 4-5 years. This research uses qualitative, with descriptive research methods, with 5 research participants. The data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. The result indicates the application of the read-aloud method with the teacher's consideration in choosing picture storybooks based on picture storybooks that are chosen to have fewer words, more pictures, and story content adapted to the conditions and the child's immediate environment, child involvement choosing story ideas. There are supporting factors, training that teachers have received, the availability of library space, and children's reading books. The inhibiting factors are if at the beginning of the school year, conditioning motivation is needed so that children are orderly when the teacher applies the read-aloud method and the need for a quality reading book collection. The impact of applying the read-aloud method can develop children's receptive language skills.

Implementasi Literasi Baca Tulis Siswa Kelas Rendah Di Sekolah Dasar

The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of literacy reading and writing students of class I in the Basic State School 2 Banjar Tegal, Buleleng district, buleleng-Bali. The research approach is qualitative research with the type of phenomenological research. This research data is a description of implementation the literature reading and written students of grade I in Basic state school 2 Banjer Tegal. The research instruments used are interview guidelines and documentation. The results of the study show that the student's literacy is in the developmental phase. As for the teacher's efforts in developing literacy, the following are: 1) When literacy hours are carried out especially for students with low literacy levels, the teacher invites the student to read the story first from the teacher, whether it's a folk story book, fairy tale or fiction. Then the teacher guides the students to recount the story that has been read by the class teacher in their own language. In the course of recounting the story content, the professor invites students to learn to read some of the pronouns from the contents of the story which makes it difficult for students to read, 2) the teacher uses the media of literature board made of board covered with plates as a place to paste pictures, letters and tribes. With the literacy board media, teachers easily introduce letters and pronouncements to the student whom the teacher first puts a picture on the literation board.

RAISE A SENSE OF PERSISTENCE IN LEARNING TO BECOME QUALITY STUDENTS THROUGH THE SHORT STORY "THE FORM OF INDONESIAN EDUCATION" BY DEVILLA ARDRAILSA TANDI WITH AN OBJECTIVE STUDY AND HERMENEUTIC APPROACH

This research seeks to examine a short story "Wujud Pendidikan Indonesia" by Devilia Ardrailsa Tandi, in a short story there are words that are interesting to analyze, researchers try to find intrinsic elements and meanings contained in short stories. Analyzing the content of short stories by reading and understanding repeatedly each paragraph listed. The type of analysis used is qualitative by applying descriptive methods, namely describing the results of the analysis through objective and hermeneutic approaches. It can help researchers in analyzing the content of short stories. The objective approach is a literary approach that prioritizes the intrinsic aspects of the literary work in question. Such as focusing on finding intrinsic elements which include theme, character/character, plot, setting, point of view, language style, and mandate in it. Meanwhile, the Hermeneutic approach is an approach that wants to find out other meanings or symbols described by words. Of course, in finding this approach, researchers must know the content contained in literary works, so that readers can enjoy literature and capture the messages conveyed by the author. Keyword: Objective, Hermeneutics, Short Story, Meaning

Investigation of midwifery students' opinions on the digital storytelling method in midwifery education and assessment of their digital stories

BackgroundIn today's digitalized world the use of innovative technologies in education systems is very important. In midwifery education, where learning by researching, applying, and experiencing is important, research on the effects of digital storytelling, which involves the use of innovative technology, is limited. AimThe aim of this study was to investigate midwifery students' views on the digital storytelling method in midwifery education and to assess the digital stories they produced. DesignThis is a qualitative descriptive study. ParticipantsThe research was conducted with senior students of the midwifery department of a state university. A total of 26 students participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. MethodsInterview data were evaluated using content analysis and the Digital Storytelling Evaluation Scale was used to evaluate the digital stories produced by the students. FindingsStudents' opinions about the digital storytelling method in midwifery education reflected three main themes: “benefits of the digital storytelling method,” “difficulties in preparing digital stories,” and “the place of digital storytelling technique in midwifery education.” At commencement, students did not think that the digital storytelling method would have an effect, but they found this method quite effective. The digital stories prepared by the students were evaluated by the researchers between 28 and 36 points and it was determined that the content of the digital stories was sufficient. ConclusionStudents reported that the digital storytelling method was very effective, encouraged creativity and supported learning through fun activities. However, they also stated that this method was time-consuming and they had difficulties. It is recommended that the use of this innovative teaching method in midwifery education should be expanded and its effect should be evaluated.

Wishes, beliefs, and jealousy: use of mental state terms in Cinderella retells after traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) negatively impacts social communication in part due to social cognitive difficulties, which may include reduced mental state term (MST) use in some discourse genres. As social cognitive difficulties can negatively impact relationships, employment, and meaningful everyday activities, assessing and treating these difficulties post-TBI is crucial. To address knowledge gaps, the present study examined MST use in the narrative retells of adults with and without severe TBI to compare between-group performance, evaluate changes over the first two years post-TBI, and investigate the impact of participant and injury-related variables. The total number of MSTs, ratio of MSTs to total utterances, and diversity of MSTs were identified in the Cinderella narratives of 57 participants with no brain injury and 57 with TBI at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24-months post-TBI. Reduced MST use in participants with TBI was found at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post-TBI, but these reductions disappeared when story length (total utterances) was accounted for. Further, MST diversity did not differ between groups. Similarly, although the total number of MSTs increased over time post-TBI, no changes were observed in the ratio of MSTs to total utterances or MST diversity over time. Injury severity (post-traumatic amnesia duration), years of education, and verbal reasoning abilities were all related to MST use. Overall, although individuals used fewer MSTs in complex story retells across the first year following severe TBI, this reduction reflected impoverished story content, rather than the use of a lower ratio of MSTs. Further, key prognostic factors related to MST use included injury severity, educational attainment, and verbal reasoning ability. These findings have important implications for social communication assessment and treatment targeting social cognition post-TBI.

Improving First-Year English-Majored Students’ Speaking Skills through Using Digital Storytelling

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of digital storytelling on Vietnamese first-year English-majored students' English-speaking learning at a university in Vietnam. In this study, the students were asked to create English-dubbed animated stories with different topics relating to their speaking lessons by using the Movie Adventure application. Methods for data collection were speaking pre-and post-tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The findings revealed that using digital storytelling as a pedagogical tool for practicing English speaking benefited students' speaking ability. The findings also showed that engaging in the content of stories not only encouraged students' motivation but instilled their confidence to speak in English. The results of the given questionnaires and interviews showed that students responded positively to the implementation of digital storytelling, which facilitated learning by allowing learners to interact and collaborate in English. From the results gained, it was concluded that digital storytelling can be used to create a dynamic speaking learning environment that helps students participate actively in their English-speaking lessons during their learning time.

Ancient Indian Stories in the Oirat Collection “The Tale of the Nectar Teaching

Questions about the similarity of the plots of Oirat written monuments with ancient Indian ones still remain insufficiently studied. Most of the Oirat works have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation or translated into Russian and other European languages. The article examines the origin of the plots of 17th and 18th century Oirat religious and didactic collection. “Aršān nomiyin tuuǰi” (“The Tale of the Nectar Teaching”), dating back to the literary monuments of Ancient India. The collection consists of sixty-four short Buddhist stories. It is framed by a diagram of the Tibetan Buddhist treatise “Lamrim,” presented in thesis form. The main provisions of the treatise are revealed in the collection with the help of artistic examples from various Indian and Tibetian sources. The collection is distinguished by a strict functional purpose; it introduces the laity to the course of Buddhist teachings and instructs them on the path of virtue. It was used by Buddhist monks as a guide in his preaching practice until the beginning of the 20th century. The article examines the structure and content of Oirat and ancient Indian stories in their narrative presentation, identifying similarities and local differences. As a result of the study, it was established that genetically similar plots help to better understand the content of short stories in the Oirat collection, which have lost their essential structural components due to various reasons. The stories of “The Tale of the Nectar Teaching” differ from the source texts by the extreme conciseness of their plots: they lack any descriptions or comparisons, the main focus is exclusively on heroes’ actions, the action unfolds abruptly and dynamically. We noted a significant similarity between the plots of “The Tale of the Nectar Teaching” and ancient Indian works both at the plot-compositional and at content levels. This fact indicates their genetic relationship. The identification of the local differences in the Oirat collection demonstrates the genesis of the plots of ancient Indian monuments and their fate outside India.

Character, contact, and stigma reduction: investigating mediated contact and U.S. digital stories of opioid use disorder

ABSTRACT Communication may play a key role in deconstructing existing stigmas. One popular initiative to reduce the stigma of opioid use disorder (OUD) is to increase contact between people in recovery and the public through digital storytelling. Why do some stories and storytellers make a more powerful impact? We drew upon the theory of character construction to offer new explanations for why mediated intergroup contact can facilitate positive intergroup outcomes. Across two studies (N = 209 and N = 191), exposure to recovery stories increased positive stereotypes and promoted future, interpersonal contact via transportation, intergroup ease, and outgroup variability. Two storyteller perceptions – fluid and multidimensional character – facilitated contact effects. The findings advance our understanding of how story content shapes a form of narrative persuasion, and its ability to improve intergroup relations.

Cultural Encounters: Puppetry Performing Arts (Wayang) and Dangdut Music as a Reflection of India-Indonesia Integration

The purpose of this research is to reveal the relationship or social and cultural influence of the Indian nation on the expression of performing arts (wayang) and dangdut music in Indonesia. The hope of this research is to increase public awareness of the identity of national performing arts and music, which is rarely realized to be heavily influenced by Indian culture. Specifically, the aspects examined in this research include changes in the content of stories from Indian epics in the adaptation of Indonesian performing arts, as well as dangdut music that adapts the energetic spirit of music and dance from India. The method used in this research is qualitative with primary data sources derived from scientific articles and books related to the research. The data validation analysis technique used in this research is triangulation. Triangulation is used as a means of comparing the amount of data, to determine its consistency and accuracy, which will be displayed in the research. The results of this study show that, the culture brought by India is not really one hundred percent imitated or copied by the Indonesian people. The author concludes that the hybridity that occurs between Indian and Indonesian culture actually forms a new innovation in the field of art itself or can also be called a new work. The Mahabharata and Ramayana stories, which were originally the source of puppetry, changed and adapted to Indonesian culture. As a result, there are many compositions of the two epics, character changes, and the emergence of new characters that do not exist in the Mahabharata and Ramayana themselves, such as the punakawan characters that are closely related to the spread of Islam in Indonesia. The same goes for dangdut, a music that was originally based on the character of Malay music from Indonesia, now transformed into a new genre called dangdut due to the influence of India, through political elements and the spread of Indian movies in the 20th century.

Preliminary Study of Personalized Character Generation Technique Application in Immersive Virtual Reality Story Contents for Resolving Ethical Dilemmas in the Sports Violence

Preliminary Study of Personalized Character Generation Technique Application in Immersive Virtual Reality Story Contents for Resolving Ethical Dilemmas in the Sports Violence

Struktur Naratif Kakawin Nirartha Prakreta : Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya

Bali is one of the regions in Indonesia helping maintain the richness of the archipelago in the form of literary works, one of which is Old Javanese literary works which are still well preserved today. Old Javanese literary works are special and relatively old literary ones because most of the literary works are from the IX and XV centuries (Zoetmulder, 1985: 18-25). The method used is the library study method and manuscript reading, namely using the listening method. The listening method is a method used to obtain data by listening to language use. The term listening here is not only related to the use of language orally, but also in writing (Mashun, 2005:90). Heuristic and hermeneutic reading is also used and assisted by note-taking and translation techniques. Based on the corpus of Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕta, it can be concluded that the storyline contains a life picture of good and bad behavior in life which in Hinduism is called Subha Asubha Karma. This proves the narrative unit about dharma teachings (dharmasastra) which dominates the story content of Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕta. It can be concluded that before interpreting a kakawin text we must first know its structureThe narrative structure that builds Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕtha includes Manggala "opening section", corpus "content section", epilogue "concluding section". The three parts of the Kakawin Nirartha Prakrĕtha narrative structure certainly have a very close and interrelated relationship.