Digital Data Storage Research Articles

An attempt of digitalization Bali Strait purse seine capture fisheries data

Similar situations with most small-scale fisheries globally, data collection remains the most highlighted issues in Bali sardine purse seine fishery. Nowadays, one of the promising approaches in fisheries data monitoring is through a technological application. This study attempts to conduct the digitalization of capture fisheries data through a tablet application development and implementation, namely MICT-L. It develops since June 2018 based on an existing paper recorder system and operated by the fishing-port officer. MICT-L was fully established in November 2018 in Muncar and September 2019 in Pengambengan fishing port, and this system has been collected and store digital landing data successfully. In addition to the initiation, a GPS-trackers system, namely TREKFISH, was installed in November 2019 and successfully collected fishing ground position data from 19 vessels until February 2020. During the study, a total of 8,248 landings in Muncar and 6,598 landings in Pengambengan were collected and stored accordingly. MICT-L and TREKFISH data successfully support the faster near real-time statistical analysis and spatial grid productivity. These two initiations are potent tools for collecting and visualizing digital catch data and fishing grounds for Bali purse seine fisheries.

Android-Based application system for monitoring baby’s growth and development

The use of Growth Chart (Kartu Menuju Sehat) all this time was conducted at Posyandu (Integrated Health Service Posts) for monitoring baby’s growth and development is not effective and efficient anymore since the cadres at Posyandu only record the baby’s height and weight that does not determine the nutritional status yet. Several studies on information technology to decrease the human error factors and optimum data storage has been widely developed via some applications, such as web server-based and android-based applications. This study aimed at developing an android-based application system of nutritional status assessment (NSA) for monitoring a baby’s growth and development using a weight-for-age index, weight-for-height index, height-for-age index. The method for developing this android-based application was using supporting devices, such as Android Studio and Visual Studio Code, as the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and Flutter application as a unit of interface development (UI) and the development of database-driven applications, such as XAMPP software as a bundle for a web server, (Apache) and a database system (MySQL). The result of the study on designing an android-based application of nutritional status assessment at Posyandu could identify the menu of baby’s nutritional status assessment and the database for digital data storage. Furthermore, all in all, the use of this application can perform based on the instruction and be used for baby’s nutritional assessment at Posyandu. For further development, this application can be used for data synchronization in the programs of Posyandu at Public Health Centers.

An Empirical Comparison of Preservation Methods for Synthetic DNA Data Storage.

Synthetic DNA has recently risen as a viable alternative for long-term digital data storage. To ensure that information is safely recovered after storage, it is essential to appropriately preserve the physical DNA molecules encoding the data. While preservation of biological DNA has been studied previously, synthetic DNA differs in that it is typically much shorter in length, it has different sequence profiles with fewer, if any, repeats (or homopolymers), and it has different contaminants. In this paper, nine different methods used to preserve data files encoded in synthetic DNA are evaluated by accelerated aging of nearly 29000 DNA sequences. In addition to a molecular count comparison, the DNA is also sequenced and analyzed after aging. These findings show that errors and erasures are stochastic and show no practical distribution difference between preservation methods. Finally, the physical density of these methods is compared and a stability versus density trade-offs discussion provided.

A Low-Cost, Ear-Contactless Electronic Stethoscope Powered by Raspberry Pi for Auscultation of Patients With COVID-19: Prototype Development and Feasibility Study.

BackgroundChest examination by auscultation is essential in patients with COVID-19, especially those with poor respiratory conditions, such as severe pneumonia and respiratory dysfunction, and intensive cases who are intubated and whose breathing is assisted with a ventilator. However, proper auscultation of these patients is difficult when medical workers wear personal protective equipment and when it is necessary to minimize contact with patients.ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to design and develop a low-cost electronic stethoscope enabling ear-contactless auscultation and digital storage of data for further analysis. The clinical feasibility of our device was assessed in comparison to a standard electronic stethoscope.MethodsWe developed a prototype of the ear-contactless electronic stethoscope, called Auscul Pi, powered by Raspberry Pi and Python. Our device enables real-time capture of auscultation sounds with a microspeaker instead of an earpiece, and it can store data files for later analysis. We assessed the feasibility of using this stethoscope by detecting abnormal heart and respiratory sounds from 8 patients with heart failure or structural heart diseases and from 2 healthy volunteers and by comparing the results with those from a 3M Littmann electronic stethoscope.ResultsWe were able to conveniently operate Auscul Pi and precisely record the patients’ auscultation sounds. Auscul Pi showed similar real-time recording and playback performance to the Littmann stethoscope. The phonocardiograms of data obtained with the two stethoscopes were consistent and could be aligned with the cardiac cycles of the corresponding electrocardiograms. Pearson correlation analysis of amplitude data from the two types of phonocardiograms showed that Auscul Pi was correlated with the Littmann stethoscope with coefficients of 0.3245-0.5570 for healthy participants (P<.001) and of 0.3449-0.5138 among 4 patients (P<.001).ConclusionsAuscul Pi can be used for auscultation in clinical practice by applying real-time ear-contactless playback followed by quantitative analysis. Auscul Pi may allow accurate auscultation when medical workers are wearing protective suits and have difficulties in examining patients with COVID-19.Trial RegistrationChiCTR.org.cn ChiCTR2000033830; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=54971.

Robust direct digital-to-biological data storage in living cells.

DNA has been the predominant information storage medium for biology and holds great promise as a next-generation high-density data medium in the digital era. Currently, the vast majority of DNA-based data storage approaches rely on in vitro DNA synthesis. As such, there are limited methods to encode digital data into the chromosomes of living cells in a single step. Here, we describe a new electrogenetic framework for direct storage of digital data in living cells. Using an engineered redox-responsive CRISPR adaptation system, we encoded binary data in 3-bit units into CRISPR arrays of bacterial cells by electrical stimulation. We demonstrated multiplex data encoding into barcoded cell populations to yield meaningful information storage and capacity up to 72 bits, which can be maintained over many generations in natural open environments. This work establishes a direct digital-to-biological data storage framework and advances our capacity for information exchange between silicon- and carbon-based entities.

Boundary Ghosts for Discrete Tomography

Discrete tomography reconstructs an image of an object on a grid from its discrete projections along relatively few directions. When the resulting system of linear equations is under-determined, the reconstructed image is not unique. Ghosts are arrays of signed pixels that have zero sum projections along these directions; they define the image pixel locations that have non-unique solutions. In general, the discrete projection directions are chosen to define a ghost that has minimal impact on the reconstructed image. Here we construct binary boundary ghosts, which only affect a thin string of pixels distant from the object centre. This means that a large portion of the object around its centre can be uniquely reconstructed. We construct these boundary ghosts from maximal primitive ghosts, configurations of $$2^N$$ connected binary ( $$\pm 1$$ ) points over N directions. Maximal ghosts obfuscate image reconstruction and find application in secure storage of digital data.

講演 6-1] デジタルデータの保存・管理 − 現場視点からの共有課題を考える

講演 6-1] デジタルデータの保存・管理 − 現場視点からの共有課題を考える

The future of healthcare in Singapore. How an integrated use of Industry 4.0 Technologies will radically redefine the industry, firms' business models, and the doctor-patient relationships.

Industry 4.0 in the pharmaceutical, medical devices, and healthcare sectors could have a significant impact as they can help maximize productivity by analyzing the data of patients. This is helpful as different medical technologies can be used concurrently. For example, the digital storage of medical data, providing awareness about the next virus mutation or outbreak of diseases, may increase the accuracy of data and analysis. It may also provide more personalized therapeutic treatments and medications, better patient care and a significant improvement in time and cost-efficiency. The application of Industry 4.0 technologies to the pharma, medical, and healthcare sectors may also play an important role in addressing and helping overcome the COVID-19 pandemic, thanks to the latest innovations in the space of biopharma and biotech.This research will examine how likely medical industries will adopt the integration of industry 4.0 technologies and the full integration of Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Internet of Medical Things, Digital Health, and Telemedicine to elevate their competitiveness, to improve doctor-patient relationships, and to sustain innovation. This study will also examine how receptive the public is to use these technologies; the integration of technologies into the healthcare industry, and the future of digital health. This research focuses on the Singapore medical industry and on the opinions of Singaporeans and the predictions of industry experts. Using qualitative methodology, this research is exploratory in nature, given the early-stage developments in the implementation of integrated 4.0 technologies in the digital health space. In addition, this study aims to assess the future potential benefits of integrating these advanced technologies into the medical and biopharma industries for the healthcare system of Singapore and its citizens. Finally, this study will seek to contribute to the existing literature in the fields of digital health, Blockchain-based health devices, Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), and Telemedicine, and to the integrated use of these technologies to create new value innovation opportunities and business models in the rapidly expanding digital health space of Singapore.

The methodological approach to the evaluation of the stability of the digital data in the information systems

When developing information systems aimed at long-term storage of digital data, it is necessary to think over solutions that allow not only to ensure storage security, storage reliability, but also to ensure the safety of digital data in the event of a possible destabilizing effect, including a catastrophic one. That is, there is a need to ensure the stability of digital data under natural, man-made, anthropogenic or other stored influences. The first step towards digital data resilience is to assess data resilience. The aim of the work is to develop a methodological apparatus for assessing the stability of digital data in information systems operating in conditions of disasters and destabilizing factors. The article presents a methodological approach to assessing the stability of digital data, including long-term storage. The stability of digital data to destabilizing influences in the article is understood as the ability to recover in a minimum period of time both the data itself and the operability of applications responsible for the interpretation of this data, as well as the operability of other software and hardware, without which the use of digital data is not possible. The author of the article proposes a methodology for creating a mathematical model for assessing sustainability, presents a model for assessing the sustainability indicator in general. The main steps for the development of a mathematical model of stability are described. Areas of further research on the development of methodological and algorithmic apparatus for modeling the stability of digital data have been identified. The methodological approach proposed in the article can be used to solve the problems of stability of digital data of a fairly wide class of applied information systems operating in conditions of disasters and destabilizing factors. The proposed approach presupposes redundancy of software and hardware of information systems, additional time spent in the design for compiling models, additional costs for storing the "history" of the functioning of information systems, description of destabilizing factors, etc. However, according to the author of the article, this is necessary and justified to ensure the safety of valuable digital data with a long storage period.

Canonical Huffman Coding Based Image Compression using Wavelet

The explosive growth of digital imaging, especially in the fields of medicine, education, and e-commerce, has made data maintenance and transmission over networks a daunting task. Therefore, the development and use of image compression techniques have become vital for overcoming the problems of storage and transmission of digital image data. Two methods that are extensively used for data compression are Discrete Cosine Transformation and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). In our present study, we have shown the benefits of a DWT-based approach by utilizing the canonical Huffman coding as an entropy encoder. DWT decomposes the image into different sub-bands. These sub bands are known as approximate image and detail images. The approximate image is normalized in the range (0, 1) for obtaining the Canonical Huffman coding bit stream. In a similar way, details coefficients are also normalized in the range (0, 1) for obtaining the canonical Huffman coding bit stream of detail images. Hard thresholding is often used to discard insignificant coefficients of detail images. Our proposed method takes less computing time and has a smaller codebook size than that of conventional Huffman coding. Moreover, the results show an improvement over Wavelet Scalar Quantization often used for image compression of fingerprints. We have applied our method to various popular images and obtained promising PSNR, CR, and BPP that highlight the advantages of our approach and the efficiency of our algorithms.

Untangling blockchain technology: A survey on state of the art, security threats, privacy services, applications and future research directions

Blockchain is a distributed, decentralized public ledger that has gained massive momentum recently. Currently, security services such as privacy, confidentiality, resource provenance, access control, authentication and integrity assurance are managed by centralized controllers. However, this centralization faces numerous security and privacy challenges. Blockchain solve such challenges as it helps to create an attack resistant, digital data storage as well as sharing platform by employing linked block structures for data verification and trusted consensus mechanism for data synchronization. The goals of this paper are to provide an in-depth survey of blockchain technology, to provide insights into the blockchain security threats, to highlight the privacy necessities for current applications, to outline their challenges and give an insight on how these challenges can be resolved by the blockchain technology. Furthermore, we summarize the future research challenges associated with the usage of blockchain based security services to spur further investigation in this field.

Oligo Design with Single Primer Binding Site for High Capacity DNA-Based Data Storage.

DNA has become an attractive medium for long-term data archiving due to its extremely high storage density and longevity. Short single-stranded DNAs, called oligonucleotides (oligos), have been designed and synthesized to store digital data. Previous works designed the oligos with a pair of primer binding sites (PBSs) (each with a length of around 200) attached at the two ends of each basic readable data block. The addition of PBSs decreases the data density significantly because in the current DNA synthesis, the maximum length of a synthesized oligo in good quality is around 200. Furthermore, the maximum homopolymer run allowed by the existing experiments has been reported to be three nucleotides. In this work, to increase the data density, we have devised and tested an oligo design for DNA-based storage with the basic readable data block appended by a single PBS at one end only, while allowing the maximum homopolymer run to be increased to 4. We also present an oligo assembly algorithm that can reconstruct oligos with a single PBS from the error-prone raw readouts obtained from the sequencing process. We have conducted a wet lab experiment to validate the proposed design, where we tested with 398KB of data stored into 10,750 oligos. The experimental results show that it is possible to recover over 99 percent of the oligo sequences without error, which proves that one PBS is sufficient for implementing a DNA-based data storage system with maximum homopolymer run relaxed to 4. The use of single PBS leads to a significant data density gain from 14.3 to 140.2 percent over the existing short-strand DNA data storage schemes by reserving more nucleotides for storing information bits.

Photon-directed multiplexed enzymatic DNA synthesis for molecular digital data storage

New storage technologies are needed to keep up with the global demands of data generation. DNA is an ideal storage medium due to its stability, information density and ease-of-readout with advanced sequencing techniques. However, progress in writing DNA is stifled by the continued reliance on chemical synthesis methods. The enzymatic synthesis of DNA is a promising alternative, but thus far has not been well demonstrated in a parallelized manner. Here, we report a multiplexed enzymatic DNA synthesis method using maskless photolithography. Rapid uncaging of Co2+ ions by patterned UV light activates Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) for spatially-selective synthesis on an array surface. Spontaneous quenching of reactions by the diffusion of excess caging molecules confines synthesis to light patterns and controls the extension length. We show that our multiplexed synthesis method can be used to store digital data by encoding 12 unique DNA oligonucleotide sequences with video game music, which is equivalent to 84 trits or 110 bits of data.

Цифровой суверенитет в условиях глобализации: философский и правовой аспекты

The article features the problem of consolidating and understanding the digital sovereignty of the State and the individual. The author addresses the challenge of establishing a correlation between the idea of digital sovereignty and the global socio-political change. The paper focuses on the effect of modern trends of social development, i.e. accelerated social informatization and globalization, on the development of doctrine of digital sovereignty and its legal design. The author believes that the idea of digital sovereignty is a reaction to the transformation of the global social order, which resulted in new doctrinal provisions and legal norms. They give citizens the right to determine the process of formation, storage, and management of digital data, as well as to ensure their inviolability. The legal formalization of digital sovereignty can indicate either the protection of statehood and personality or, on the contrary, their absorption by structures of the global order. As a result, such categories as "sovereignty, "statehood, or "personality" may eventually lose their actual meaning and real content. The conceptualization of the phenomenon of neurosovereignty and its implementation programs might be the future of the theory and practice of sovereignty.

REJUVENATING EDENTULISM USING CAD-CAM TECHNOLOGY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Edentulism has been a severe public health problem in industrialized countries due to aging and poor oral care. Design and fabrication of the complete dentures are mainly using conventional methods involving an enormous series of clinical and laboratory procedures. Edentulous patients have to make several visits to the clinic for the traditional fabrication of denture. Now the unceasing developments occur over several years. Present-day technological innovations allow the use of various systems with computer‑aided design/computer‑aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology to produce complete dentures has seen exponential growth. There are different manufacturing techniques of CAD-CAM complete denture like AvaDent, Wieland digital denture, Baltic denture, DENTC system. CAD-CAM technology requires only two appointments for the patient to get their complete removable denture. A reduction in clinical chair time also shortens the cost of care. The improved fit of the denture was because of fewer processing errors. It simplifies the re-manufacturing of lost/broken prostheses due to the digital storage of denture data. The pre-polymerized acrylic resin used by manufacturers for the fabrication of a denture base delivers excellent fit and strength when compared to conventionally processed bases. It doesnt show any polymerization shrinkage as there is a less residual monomer. Hence, it reduces the potential infections as fewer candida albicans attach to the denture bases. The motive of this article is to highlights the benefits of CAD-CAM technology over conventional denture fabrication.

Two-dimensional ultrathin van der Waals heterostructures of indium selenide and boron monophosphide for superfast nanoelectronics, excitonic solar cells, and digital data storage devices

Semiconducting indium selenide (InSe) monolayers have drawn a great deal of attention among all the chalcogenide two-dimensional materials on account of their high electron mobility; however, they suffer from low hole mobility. This inherent limitation of an InSe monolayer can be overcome by stacking it on top of a boron phosphide (BP) monolayer, where the complementary properties of BP can bring additional benefits. The electronic, optical, and external perturbation-dependent electronic properties of InSe/BP hetero-bilayers have been systematically investigated within density functional theory in anticipation of its cutting-edge applications. The InSe/BP heterostructure has been found to be an indirect semiconductor with an intrinsic type-II band alignment where the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) are contributed by the InSe and BP monolayers, respectively. Thus, the charge carrier mobility in the heterostructure, which is mainly derived from the BP monolayer, reaches as high as 12 × 103 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is very much desired in superfast nanoelectronics. The suitable bandgap accompanied by a very low conduction band offset between the donor and acceptor along with robust charge carrier mobility, and the mechanical and dynamical stability of the heterostructure attests its high potential for applications in solar energy harvesting and nanoelectronics. The solar to electrical power conversion efficiency (20.6%) predicted in this work surpasses the efficiencies reported for InSe based heterostructures, thereby demonstrating its superiority in solar energy harvesting. Moreover, the heterostructure transits from the semiconducting state (the OFF state) to the metallic state (the ON state) by the application of a small electric field (∼0.15 V Å−1) which is brought about by the actual movement of the bands rather than via the nearly empty free electron gas (NFEG) feature. This thereby testifies to its potential for applications in digital data storage. Moreover, the heterostructure shows strong absorbance over a wide spectrum ranging from UV to the visible light of solar radiation, which will be of great utility in UV—visible light photodetectors.

Digital transformation of Russia’s thermal power industry management system for optimization of consumers’ expenditures determined by tariffs and prices

The development and implementation of a strategy for organizational reconfiguration of a digital heat and power super system to streamline the processes of providing structured technological zones with heat makes the basis for creating a coordinated system for optimizing the tariff and price load on heat and electricity consumers in the Russian economy. Providing the industry with a mechanism for regulating the processes of rendering heat energy services based on the transition to the system of Unified Heat-Supply Organizations (ETOs) and ensuring a return on price trend investment in the heat market with the possibility of transferring departmental reporting and analytics to a single regulatory legal basis enables regulating the operation of the power system as a subsystem of the Russian energy sector with a common information technology platform. It is proposed to develop a methodology for constructing mathematical estimates of reliability indicators of provided heat and power services in the form of analytical relationships and simulation models, taking into account the complex nature of the operation of electric power transmission and heat transportation networks as well as information systems that provide processing, storage and distribution of digital data and documents. The key activities are: development of a methodology for constructing mathematical estimates of reliability indicators of provided heat and power services in the form of analytical relationships and simulation models; development of digital methods for detecting hazardous effects; development of algorithms for storing information in the presence of natural and artificial interference; development of digital methods for optimization, modernization and transformation of production chains and processes, control models and planning procedures to neutralize threats to the reliability of provided heat and power services. The result should be the creation of a computer-based information system for modeling impacts on the electric and heat grid facilities.

DNA Micro-Disks for the Management of DNA-Based Data Storage with Index and Write-Once-Read-Many (WORM) Memory Features.

DNA-based data storage has attracted attention because of its higher physical density of the data and longer retention time than those of conventional digital data storage. However, previous DNA-based data storage lacked index features and the data quality of storage after a single access was not preserved, obstructing its industrial use. Here, DNA micro-disks, QR-coded micro-sized disks that harbor data-encoded DNA molecules for the efficient management of DNA-based data storage, are proposed. The two major features that previous DNA-based data-storage studies could not achieve are demonstrated. One feature is accessing data items efficiently by indexing the data-encoded DNA library. Another is achieving write-once-read-many (WORM) memory through the immobilization of DNA molecules on the disk and their enrichment through in situ DNA production. Through these features, the reliability of DNA-based data storage is increased by allowing selective and multiple accession of data-encoded DNA with lower data loss than previous DNA-based data storage methods.

Lossless Hybrid Coding technique based on Quasi Fractal &amp; Oscillation Concept Method for Medical Image Compression

The Image compression is the most important entity in various fields. Image compression plays vital role in many applications. Out of which biomedical is one of the challenging applications. In medical research, everyday there is fast development and advancement. Medical researchers are thinking about digital storage of data hence medical image compression has a crucial role in hospitals. Here Morphological filter &amp; adaptive threshold are used for refinement and used Quasi Fractal &amp; Oscillation concept for developing new hybrid algorithm. Oscillation concept is lossy image compression technique hence applied on Non-ROI. Quasi fractal is lossless image compression technique applied on ROI. The experimental results shows that better CR with acceptable PSNR has been achieved using hybrid technique based on Morphological band pass filter and Adaptive thresholding for ROI. Here, innovative hybrid technique gives the CR 24.61 which improves a lot than hybrid method using BTC-SPIHT is 5.65. Especially PSNR is also retained and bit improved i.e. 33.51. This hybrid technique gives better quality of an image.

Storage Space Allocation Strategy for Digital Data with Message Importance.

This paper mainly focuses on the problem of lossy compression storage based on the data value that represents the subjective assessment of users when the storage size is still not enough after the conventional lossless data compression. To this end, we transform this problem to an optimization, which pursues the least importance-weighted reconstruction error in data reconstruction within limited total storage size, where the importance is adopted to characterize the data value from the viewpoint of users. Based on it, this paper puts forward an optimal allocation strategy in the storage of digital data by the exponential distortion measurement, which can make rational use of all the storage space. In fact, the theoretical results show that it is a kind of restrictive water-filling. It also characterizes the trade-off between the relative weighted reconstruction error and the available storage size. Consequently, if a relatively small part of total data value is allowed to lose, this strategy will improve the performance of data compression. Furthermore, this paper also presents that both the users’ preferences and the special characteristics of data distribution can trigger the small-probability event scenarios where only a fraction of data can cover the vast majority of users’ interests. Whether it is for one of the reasons above, the data with highly clustered message importance is beneficial to compression storage. In contrast, from the perspective of optimal storage space allocation based on data value, the data with a uniform information distribution is incompressible, which is consistent with that in the information theory.