Storage Capacity Research Articles

La tecnología a nuestro servicio: 4 aplicaciones móviles para optimizar la gestión de necesidades cotidianas

Nowadays, mobile devices have undoubtedly become the most immediate means of accessing information. Their portability and increasingly large processing and storage capacities have been key to the expansion of mobile applications running on these devices.This article reviews the utility of these mobile applications, based on the experience gained from developing and implementing mobile applications for four real cases. In these cases, second-semester students of the Software Development program at the 'Quito Metropolitano' Higher Technological Institute, as part of their training, developed fully functional mobile applications to make them available to society. Their work was showcased at the '5 Minutes Pitch' and 'Quito Metro Tech' events organized by the institution in March 2024.The development process utilized tools included in the institution's curricular planning, such as Java programming language and frameworks like TypeScript and React Native. Additionally, databases like MySQL were used for desktop applications, and Firebase was used for cloud persistence.

Steric Hindrance Engineering to Modulate the Closed Pores Formation of Polymer-Derived Hard Carbon for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

The closed pores play a critical role in improving the sodium storage capacity of hard carbon (HC) anode, however, their formation mechanism as well as the efficient modulation strategy at molecular level in the polymer-derived HCs is still lacking. In this work, the steric hindrance effect has been proposed to create closed pores in the polymer-derived HCs for the first time through grafting the aromatic rings within and between the main chains in the precursor. The experimental data and theoretical calculation demonstrate that steric-hindrance effect from the aromatic ring side group can increase backbone rigidity and the internal free volumes in the polymer precursor, which can prevent the over graphitization and facilitate the formation of closed pores during the carbonization process. As a result, the as-prepared HC anode exhibits a remarkably enhanced discharge capacity of 340.3 mAh/g at 0.1 C, improved rate performance (210.7 mAh/g at 5 C) as well as boosted cycling stability (86.4 % over 1000 cycles at 2 C). This work provides a new insight into the formation mechanisms of closed pores via steric hindrance engineering, which can shed light on the development of high-performance polymer-derived HC anode for sodium-ion batteries.

Tetrabenazine, a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor, inhibits vesicular storage capacity and release of monoamine transmitters in mouse brain tissue

AbstractBackground and PurposeTetrabenazine (TBZ), used for treating hyperkinetic disorders, inhibits vesicular monoamine transporter‐2 (VMAT‐2), which sequesters monoamines into vesicles for exocytosis. However, our knowledge of the effect of TBZ on monoaminergic transmission is limited. Herein, we provide neurochemical evidence regarding the effect of VMAT‐2 inhibition on vesicular neurotransmitter release from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum (STR) (brain regions involved in characteristic TBZ treatment side effects). The interaction between TBZ and MDMA was also assessed regarding motor behaviour in mice.Experimental ApproachVesicular storage capacity and release of [3H]‐noradrenaline ([3H]‐NA), [3H]‐dopamine ([3H]‐DA), [3H]‐serotonin ([3H]‐5‐HT), and [3H]‐acetylcholine ([3H]‐ACh) was studied in mouse PFC and STR ex vivo slice preparations using electrical field stimulation. Additionally, locomotor activity was assessed in vehicle‐treated mice and compared with that of MDMA, TBZ, and co‐administered animals (n = 6) using the LABORAS system.Key ResultsTBZ lowered the storage capacity and inhibited the vesicular release of [3H]‐NA and [3H]‐DA from the PFC, and [3H]‐DA and [3H]‐5‐HT from the STR in a concentration‐dependent manner. Unlike vesamicol (vesicular ACh uptake inhibitor), TBZ failed to inhibit the vesicular release of [3H]‐ACh from the PFC. When the vesicular storage of the investigated monoamines was inhibited by TBZ in the PFC and STR, MDMA induced the release of transmitters through transporter reversal; MDMA dose dependently increased locomotor activity in vivo.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur observations provide neurochemical evidence explaining the mechanism of VMAT‐2 inhibitors in the brain and support the involvement of dopaminergic and noradrenergic transmission in hyperkinetic movement disorders.

An Application of Excess Solar and Storage Capacity Optimization for Grid Services

An Application of Excess Solar and Storage Capacity Optimization for Grid Services

Decimeter-depth and polarization addressable color 3D meta-holography

Fueled by the rapid advancement of nanofabrication, metasurface has provided unprecedented opportunities for 3D holography. Large depth 3D meta-holography not only greatly increases information storage capacity, but also enables distinguishing of the relative spatial relationship of 3D objects, which has important applications in fields like optical information storage and medical diagnosis. Although the methods based on Fresnel diffraction theory can reconstruct the real depth information of 3D objects, the maximum depth is only 2 mm. Here, we develop a 3D meta-holography based on angular spectrum diffraction theory to break through the depth limit. By developing the angular spectrum diffraction theory into meta-holography, the metasurface structure with independent polarization control is used to create a polarization multiplexing 3D meta-hologram. The fabricated amorphous silicon metasurface increases the depth range by 47.5 times and realizes 0.95 dm depth reconstruction for polarization independent and different color 3D meta-hologram in visible. Such polarization controlled large-depth color meta-holography is expected to open avenue for data storage, display, information security and virtual reality.

Enhanced Low‐Temperature Oxidation Activity of Cu‐Doped Highly Active Pd‐Based Catalysts

AbstractPd‐based catalysts supported on cerium–zirconium (CZ) oxygen storage materials (OSM) have emerged as promising candidates for the catalytic oxidation of CH4 and CO. However, achieving efficient and stable treatment of CH4 and CO in exhaust gases with Pd‐based catalysts remains a long‐term challenge. To address this, we propose a straightforward strategy of doping the supports with Cu to enhance the catalytic performance of Pd/Ce0.4Zr0.5La0.1O1.95 catalysts. Performance tests revealed that the catalytic activity of the Cu‐doped catalysts significantly improved, with T90 (CH4) decreasing from 418–301 °C and T90 (CO) decreasing from 141–113 °C. Notably, the copper‐doped catalysts exhibited enhanced water and sulfur resistance while maintaining excellent thermal stability. The CO conversion decreased by less than 2 % after a thermal deactivation experiment lasting over 100 hours. The reduction in particle size and the increase in specific surface area due to copper doping are key factors contributing to the improved total oxygen storage capacity (OSC). The main reasons for the increase in total OSC are likely the reduced particle size and increased specific surface area.

Influence of Growing Substrates on the Production Potential and Post-Harvest Storage Capacity of Tomato Fruits from the Buzău 1600 Variety

Influence of Growing Substrates on the Production Potential and Post-Harvest Storage Capacity of Tomato Fruits from the Buzău 1600 Variety

Origin of the Slope Capacity of Sodium-Ion Storage in Hydrogen-Rich Carbon Nanoribbon

Origin of the Slope Capacity of Sodium-Ion Storage in Hydrogen-Rich Carbon Nanoribbon

Multiferrocity in ferroelectric liquid crystal by incorporating core/shell CoFe2O4/ZnO nanocrystals

ABSTRACT Incorporation of magnetic core/shell CoFe2O4/ZnO (CFZ) nanocrystals (NCs) in ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) namely KCFLC 7S is studied. The core/shell nature of CFZ NCs causes effective confinement of charge carrier wavefunction into core that reduces possibility of charge leakage. The reduced charge leakage possibility in FLC retains ferroelectric nature of FLC material. The magnetic nature of CFZ NCs triggers magnetic interactions between NCs and FLC molecules and resulted into magnetic ordering. The presence of electric as well as magnetic ordering in FLC due to CFZ NCs forms novel multiferroic composite system. The response time of FLC is observed to reduce significantly by presence of CFZ NCs. Observed multiferroic property in NC-FLC composite would be beneficial for future display devices with unique capacity of transmission, storage and process of data.

An efficient product design tool for aftertreatment system

A numerical simulation technique based on the conservation of mass and energy in the gas phase has been developed to optimize the aftertreatment system with the lowest costs. Both oxygen storage capacity model and catalyst deterioration model have been integrated into the three-way catalyst performance model. Applications have been discussed, including XY-L 1.5L I3 gasoline turbocharged direct injection (GTDI) production hybrid vehicle, BY-L 1.5L I4 GTDI hybrid vehicle, XY-L (overseas version) 1.5L I4 GTDI hybrid vehicle, and G-L7 1.5L I4 GTDI hybrid vehicle. Vehicle tests in support of the proposed model have been described. The developed model covers the complete range of the cold start, high temperature and volume flow conditions. To optimize a three-way catalyst performance, this work simulated the effect of air fuel ratio, space velocity, temperature, biasing adjustment on the catalyst efficiency. The simulations presented the technique’s capability of well predicting emissions on fresh and full useful life aged aftertreatment systems, respectively, and carried out under transient conditions. The investigation indicated that excess fueling was used upon engine start to heat the catalyst up to its full operating temperature of greater than 350°C. The model results prompted a redesign of the I3 and I4 1.5L GTDI China 6b, Euro VId and Tier 3/SULEV30 exhaust systems over the world light vehicle test procedure (WLTP) and federal test procedure (FTP) cycles, respectively, for example, the model suggested that the latest design for the SULEV30 aftertreatment system on XY-L (overseas version) 1.5L I4 GTDI hybrid vehicle with the revised calibrations in the areas of cold-start and closed-loop fuel treated emissions of NMOG, NOx, and CO to the 70% of the SULEV30 standards with a $64 cost reduction relative to the baseline.

Using Carbon Dioxide for Subsea Long-Duration Energy Storage

This paper investigates the operating benefits and limitations of utilizing carbon dioxide in hydro-pneumatic energy storage systems, a form of compressed gas energy storage technology, when the systems are deployed offshore. Allowing the carbon dioxide to transition into a two-phase fluid will improve the storage density for long-duration energy storage. A preliminary comparative study between an air-based and a carbon dioxide-based subsea hydro-pneumatic energy storage system is first presented. The analysis is based on thermodynamic calculations assuming ideal isothermal conditions to quantify the potential augmentation in energy storage capacity for a given volume of pressure containment when operating with carbon dioxide in lieu of air. This is followed by a transient thermal analysis of the carbon dioxide-based hydro-pneumatic energy storage system, taking into account the real scenario of a finite thermal resistance for heat exchange between the gas and the surrounding seawater. Results from numerical modelling revealed that the energy storage capacity of a carbon dioxide-based subsea hydro-pneumatic energy storage system operating under ideal isothermal conditions can be theoretically increased by a factor of 2.17 compared to an identical air-based solution. The numerical modelling revealed that, under real conditions under which transient effects resulting from a finite thermal resistance are accounted for, the achievable factor is lower, depending on the charging and discharging time, the initial temperature, and whether a polyethene liner for corrosion prevention is considered or not.

Feasibility study of carbon-fiber reinforced polymer linerless pressure vessel tank

Composite pressure vessels are used in aerospace engineering for storing fluids such as propellants, nitrogen, and oxygen. They are also used in life-support systems, High-performance pressure suits for astronauts, Helium Tanks for Balloons and Airships. Among many types of composites, Carbon fiber composites uses have been increasing due to its high strength to weight ratio, high thermal expansion, corrosion, fatigue and impact resistance and design flexibility. In order to improve the volume of the pressure vessel, the liner-less concept is tried. This increased volume efficiency is crucial in aerospace applications where space is at a premium and maximizing storage capacity within limited dimensions is important. Not only the volume efficiency, but also the Reduced Permeability Concerns, Enhanced Durability and Longevity, better thermal continuity and simplified manufacturing process make this research significant in the area of pressure vessel. This research paper deals with the fabrication and development of a cylinder without a lining. The test sample was subjected to several tests: tensile test, impact, shear test (3P Bending), leak test and Pressure test. The test sample was capable of withstanding 20 Bars without failure. The numerical results were also performed and compared with the experimental results. The difference was only 3%. Unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (UDMH) AND red-fuming nitric acid can both be stored in this cylinder (RFNA). Unlike traditional composite overwrapped pressure vessels, the liner-less composite tanks rely completely on the composite shell to act as a permeation barrier as well as handling all pressure and environmental loads. The absence of a liner eliminates the potential for delamination or failure at the interface between the liner and the composite material.

Passive domestic air-conditioning using PCM modules

Passive cooling systems have garnered much attention in recent years as a sustainable and cost-effective method of regulating indoor temperatures. Phase change materials (PCM) are a promising technology for such systems, as they can store and release large amounts of thermal energy during the phase transition process while maintaining the temperature in a very specific range. In this study, we investigated the performance of a passive cooling system using PCM modules and evaluated the effect of different variables on its cooling efficiency. Several tests were conducted, varying the ambient temperature, number of plates, and PCM type to determine the optimal conditions for the system. A PCM with a melting temperature of around 22 °C was used and was compared to ice. While ice showed a larger cooling effect, the advantage of the PCM emerged with elevated ambient temperatures. Compared to ice, and due to the smaller the temperature difference ΔT between the PCM melting temperature and the ambient temperature, the cooling effect of the PCM, lasted for a significantly longer time. Moreover, increasing the number of plates proved to elongate the cooling effect, due to increasing the overall thermal storage capacity of the system. Overall, our findings suggest that a passive cooling system using PCM technology can be an effective solution for regulating indoor temperatures. However, careful consideration must be given to the choice of PCM type and melting temperature, as well as the number of plates in the system, to optimize its performance.

A two-stage sorption strategy to improve heat storage performance of salt/porous matrix composites

Composites combining salt hydrates and porous matrix like metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are used to enhance the performance of thermochemical storage materials. However, the mechanism for the enhancement and the strategy for the selection of salt hydrates and porous matrix are not clear. The heat storage performance is determined by water adsorption dynamics, capacity and their sorption energy of the single components. The single components (salts or matrix) normally have either fast water adsorption dynamics or high-water uptake capacity, but not both of them. In this study, we investigate the enhancement of adsorption in composite materials, and a novel strategy is then proposed to combine the advantages from adsorbents with higher adsorption dynamics at low water partial pressure with those with a high capacity at high water partial pressure to promote the water adsorption capacity and kinetics, hence efficient energy storage. Two types of composites have been used to demonstrate the two-stage strategy developed in this study, in which SrCl2 and SrBr2 are incorporated into MOF MIL-101(Cr) to enhance adsorption and heat storage. In these composites, SrCl2 and SrBr2 can be regarded as the moisture pumps, capturing water vapour from air to improve the adsorption dynamics, while MIL-101(Cr) with high adsorption capacity functions as a water reservoir to take the water accumulated by the salts. Through this two-stage design, the water sorption capacity of the composites is 2–3 times higher than the water uptake of either salts or MOF within 120 min. As SrCl2 has a faster water adsorption kinetics than SrBr2, SrCl2/MIL-101(Cr) reaches an uptake of 0.73 g/g, however, the water sorption capacity of SrBr2/MIL-101(Cr) is 0.54 g/g. The composite samples also present good heat storage capacities of 1462 J/g for SrCl2/MIL-101(Cr) and 1526 J/g for SrBr2/MIL-101(Cr), and good cycling stability after 15 repeating adsorption/desorption cycles.

Инновационные магнитные наноматериалы для улучшения хранения энергии

Background: Finding effective energy storage technologies is crucial for transitioning to sustainable energy systems. Magnetic nanoparticles have emerged as options due to their distinctive magnetic characteristics, which can considerably improve the performance of energy storage systems. Objective: This research aims to investigate innovative magnetic nanoparticles and assess to increase the efficiency and capacity of energy storage systems. The emphasis is on developing materials with optimal magnetic characteristics and incorporating them into current energy storage methods. Methods: Co-precipitation and thermal breakdown were used to create a range of new magnetic nanomaterials. Vibrational sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and cyclic voltammetry were used to determine these materials' magnetic characteristics, structural integrity, and electrochemical performance. Subsequent integration into supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries was carried out to evaluate energy storage capacity. Results: The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles showed improved magnetic saturation and charge-discharge characteristics compared to standard materials. When used in supercapacitors, they increased capacitance by 20% and improved cycle stability by 25%. Similarly, these nanomaterials improved the energy density of lithium-ion batteries by 15% and increased their longevity by 30%. Conclusion: The unique magnetic nanoparticles created in this work significantly improve the performance of energy storage devices. The increased capacitance, energy density, and operational stability indicate that these materials for future energy storage applications. Further study is required to optimize these materials for commercial application and investigate their scalability and environmental effects.

Multistability of state-dependent switched neural networks with Mexican-hat-type activation functions

This paper investigates the issue of multistability in state-dependent switched neural networks (SSNNs) with Mexican-hat-type activation functions (AFs). It establishes the coexistence and stability of multiple equilibrium points (EPs). Initially, the state space is partitioned based on the geometric characteristics of the Mexican-hat-type AF, enabling to determine the positions of the EPs. Secondly, the coexistence of 9h17h25h33h4 EPs for n-neurons SSNNs under specific sufficient conditions is proved with the Brouwer’s fixed-point theorem. Next, by using diagonally dominant matrix theory and Gershgorin circle theorem, it is proven that there are 5h14h23h32h4 asymptotically stable EPs under some conditions, where h1,h2,h3 and h4 are nonnegative integers satisfying 0≤h1+h2+h3+h4≤n. Therefore, we can obtain that SSNNs can have larger storage capacity by selecting the appropriate parameters hi,i=1,2,3,4. Finally, the correctness of the results in this paper is verified through two numerical examples.

Unraveling Energy Storage Performance and Mechanism of Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Copper Vanadium Oxides with Tunable Composition for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Achieving high-performance aqueous zinc (Zn)-ion batteries (AZIBs) requires stable and efficient cathode materials capable of reversible Zn-ion intercalation. Although layered vanadium oxides possess high Zn-ion storage capacity, their sluggish kinetics and poor conductivity present significant hurdles for further enhancing the performance of AZIBs. In response to this challenge, a dissolution-regrowth and conversion approach is formulated using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a sacrificial template, which enables the in situ creation of copper vanadium oxides (CuVOx) with porous 1D channels and distinctive nanoarchitectures. Owing to their distinctive structure, the optimized CuVOx cathode experiences a reaction involving the synergistic insertion/extraction of Zn2+, resulting in rapid Zn2+ diffusion kinetics and enhanced electrochemical activity postactivation. Specifically, the activated electrode delivers a reversible capacity of 519mAhg-1 at 0.5Ag-1 for AZIBs. It is noteworthy that the electrode exhibits a remarkable reversible rate capacity of 220mAhg-1 at 5Ag-1 with excellent durable cycleability, retaining 88% of its capacity even after 3000 cycles. Various ex situ testing methods endorse the reversible insertion/extraction of Zn2+ in the CuVOx cathode. This study provides a novel insight into high-performance MOF-derived unique structure designs for AZIB electrodes.

Role of Graphene in Next-Generation Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems: Insights and Innovations

Abstract There is a rising demand for energy storage systems (ESS) that are both environmentally sustainable and high-performing. To meet the prerequisites of diverse energy-consuming applications, developing novel, better-quality and highly-performing electrode materials for ESS is vital. In this quest, graphene emerges as a wonder material, ascribed to its unmatched mechanical, electrical and thermal behaviour. Different ESS can be significantly developed with enhanced energy storage capacity with the application of graphene. Herein, a brief discussion of the structure and synthesis techniques for graphene and its derivatives is presented. In addition to this, the study also offers a comprehensive summary on the latest developments in lithium-ion batteries, double-layer supercapacitors, pseudo capacitors and hybrid supercapacitors using graphene as the dominant material for anode/cathode electrodes in the form of composites and hybrids. The effect of the graphene on the performance metrics of the EESS has also been imparted. Despite the promising advancements, the key challenges and limitations in the development of graphene-based high-performing energy storage devices are described in detail. The article concludes with the potential prospects of energy storage using graphene are also discussed.

Construction of MXene interlayer conductive ion transport channel by polypyrrole-coated cellulose nanofibers for ultralow voltage high-performance ionic soft actuators

Ionic soft actuators are extensively utilized in soft robotics and intelligent flexible devices due to their low-voltage actuation capability. MXene(Ti3C2Tx) has potential value as an electrode material for ionic soft actuators owing to its high conductivity and large specific surface area. However, the actuation performance of its ionic soft actuator is limited by poor extensibility and low capacitance caused by the stacking effect. Here, a high-performance ionic soft actuator with MXene\\polypyrrole-coated cellulose nanofibers (CNF@PPy) is reported. While gaining high flexibility of the electrode due to the great mechanical property of CNF, the fast conductive transport channel is constructed by doping CNF@PPy between MXene layers, which not only effectively reduces the loss of conductive properties and drastically improves the ion migration rate, but also prevents MXene from stacking and has additional chemical active sites, significantly increasing its ion storage capacity. Consequently, the actuator exhibits excellent actuation performance at the 0.5 V ultralow voltage: 0.79 % bending strain, 6 s rapid response, and 91.03 % high durability after 5 hours. Additionally, the potential for the actuating core of advanced flexible electronic devices is demonstrated by the application of flexible forceps and the flexible electronic eye.

Investigation of microstructure, hydrogen storage performance of Re-Mg-based alloy modified by RE2O3 (RE = Dy, Er, Yb)

In order to further study the hydrogen storage mechanism of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials, Mg90Ce5Y5 alloy was used as the basis, and three kinds of heavy rare earth oxides were doped into the alloy by ball milling technology. The microstructure and hydrogen storage properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and PCI. The results show that the hydrogen absorption rate and discharge rate of modified Mg90Ce5Y5 alloy are significantly increased, and the performance is Er2O3 > Dy2O3 > Yb2O3. The hydrogen storage capacity of Er2O3 catalyzed samples is 5.02 wt%, which is higher than 4.82 wt% and 4.80 wt% of Dy2O3 and Yb2O3 catalyzed samples. The hydrogen absorption saturation rate of the sample catalyzed by Er2O3 for 2 min is ∼90 %, the complete release of hydrogen only takes 50 min at 573 K, and the dehydrogenation activation energy is 76.9 kJ/mol. The hydrogen absorption and emission rate is fast, and the dehydrogenation activation energy is slightly lower than that of the other two catalysts. In the process of hydrogen absorption and desorption, the three catalysts exhibit different phase transitions, namely DyH2↔DyH3, ErH2↔ErH3 and irreversible YbH2. DyH2↔DyH3, ErH2↔ErH3 phase transitions have the "hydrogen pump" effect, which can effectively improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetic rate of Mg90Ce5Y5 alloy. Some nano-rare earth compounds and phase transformation significantly improve the kinetic properties of the alloy. However, the enthalpy change of all three catalytic alloys is around 76 kJ/mol H2, which is considered only a slight improvement in thermodynamic properties.