Spare Parts Stock Research Articles

ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ СБОРКИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ АВТОМОБИЛЕСТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО КЛАСТЕРА

Information grounds for supporting decision-making on the optimal formation of automated systems for technological preparation of assembly production are in demand at the automotive cluster enterprises. The paper proposes to develop two databases in the process of forming the optimal set of control and verification equipment and the set of spare equipment and spare parts. This will allow accumulating information due to the feedback on the state of its subsystems in the process of operating automated systems for the technological preparation of assembly production. For this purpose, the paper proposes the database “A set of the system elements for providing mechanical assembly”, as well as the database “Statistical information for forming the stock of assembly equipment and spare parts in the system for ensuring mechanical assembly”. The work presents the information on the registration output, the structure and number of records of two developed databases, calculates the economic effect in the cost of technological preparation of production using the described databases.

Management Inventory Control Kaizen of Using Continuous Review Policy in a PT XYZ commercial vehicle at Jakarta City, Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the problem of excess spare parts inventory in commercial vehicle equipment units in the company's inventory and ordering times to avoid excess goods in the warehouse. Using the ABC classification inventory model and continuous monitoring policy, spare parts stock is calculated to compare ideal average inventory levels (AIL) and actual values. ABC analysis classification also has the advantage of identifying items that are feasible and have the potential to be reduced from inventory. From the analysis we conducted, we found that the company has the potential to reduce almost IDR 32,979 billion or 27.80% of excess inventory levels by using a continuous review policy as the basis of the inventory control calculation system. Keyword: ABC Analysis, Commercial vehicle, Inventory

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Operasional Dilengkapi dengan Penjualan Sparepart pada Bengkel MJM

MJM is a leading workshop in Malang that focuses on car repairs and is known for its reliable reputation and quality service on Jl. Lake Tondano Raya F5/A26, Sawojajar. These workshops offer a variety of services, from engine to car body repairs, which makes manual transactions difficult and time-consuming due to increased service and cost complexity. This research aims to simplify transaction and operational processes in MJM workshops by developing supporting applications that include recording customer transactions, spare parts stock management, monitoring employee attendance, and mechanic payroll. The information technology provided can improve service quality, optimize operations, strengthen competitiveness, enable a sustainable approach, increase data accuracy, and support more timely decisions. The methodology used is waterfall, which follows a certain flow process starting from requirements analysis, planning, design, software development, testing, to the maintenance stage. The research focus is on the initial development of the system to ensure that the system functions well in the maintenance phase. The Operational Management Information System designed for MJM workshops includes important features such as recording spare parts, purchase and sale transactions for spare parts, service and car wash transactions, stock taking records, management of damaged or lost goods, stock cards, cash flow, and reports. transaction. This system is expected to reduce manual errors, provide better service, and improve overall operational performance.

Методи обґрунтування запасів запасних частин у системі управління транспортним процесом

The article formulates directions and analyzes the possibilities of substantiating and choosing the most optimal variant of applying mathematical models for forecasting the number and range of spare parts. The provided recommendations allow to take into account the multi-brand fleets of motor transport enterprises and trends for extrapolation in the short term, identified by the results of observations in real operating conditions. The main reasons for the occurrence of prolonged vehicle downtime due to technical malfunctions are considered. Traditional methods of planning spare parts inventories based on the use of reliability theory and results of mileage forecasting, standard time to failure; inventory management theory and statistical methods for forecasting random processes; methods of operations research; economic and mathematical methods; stochastic methods of transformation of random variables are analyzed. The article formalizes the grouping of factors that affect the size of stocks and the range of spare parts in the operation of rolling stock of enterprises, depending on the state of the system of organization of work of services for maintenance and repair of vehicles; structure of the fleet and technical characteristics of vehicles; level of development of the production base; availability, interest and qualification of personnel; operating conditions of automotive equipment. It is proposed to improve the logistics of spare parts inventory management and to formulate measures to improve the performance of carriers based on an assessment of the total costs incurred by the enterprise to maintain the reliability of rolling stock in operation and taking into account the amount of lost profit due to vehicle downtime in the technical service units. At the same time, it is recommended to use the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy set theory for decision-making, which allows formalizing the parameters of vaguely defined expectations of consumers of motor transport services and reducing the subjectivity of decision-making when solving problems of optimizing spare parts stocks in the transport process management system based on the analysis of the structure of consumer properties and service quality indicators.

Sistem Informasi Manajemen Audit Trio Motor Banjarmasin (Studi Kasus : General Affair)

The study discusses the development of the Audit Management Information System (SIMA) at PT. Trio Motor, a company selling cars and motorcycles, also serving as the Main Dealer for Honda motorcycles in South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. SIMA addresses branch separation and reduces fraud in audits. Its goal is to streamline data collection, storage, analysis, and enhance planning, execution, and reporting efficiency. The research formulates design, creation, and implementation issues of SIMA for spare part audits. SIMA scans real-time part numbers, shelf locations, generates H3 format reports, and conducts synchronized warehouse audits. It aims to design, create, and utilize SIMA as a spare parts audit tool. The benefit lies in improving spare parts stock opname data collection. SIMA uses UML for database design, SQLServer for storage, and is developed with codeigniter 3 and bootstrap. It offers user access levels: Super Admin, Auditor Manager, Auditor, General Affairs, and Warehouse. Recommendations suggest ongoing development for complexity, features, and regular maintenance to prevent bugs. This research is crucial in aiding PT. Trio Motor's Audit Division for efficient and effective spare parts audits, reducing fraud risk.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESSES OF PRODUCTION OF SPARE PARTS FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

The purpose of the research is to develop a software simulation multi-product model designed for effective inventory management of spare parts. In the course of the work, a mathematical model was used to optimize the production and storage of spare parts for vehicles. At the same time, such significant factors as the total number of spare parts in stock, the frequency of failure of certain parts, operating conditions, the intensity of their use, as well as the influence of the human factor were taken into account. The results show that penalties for shipping and dynamic spare parts consumption significantly affect the cost function, while penalties for missing necessary parts significantly affect the minimum inventory level. The results can be applied to the management of spare parts stocks at authorized service centers. The study concludes that seasonal fluctuations in demand for spare parts can be eliminated by creating a scientifically sound spare parts inventory management system.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI CONTROL STOCK SPARE PART BEBASIS WEB

The spare part stock control recording system is more effective in triggering the company's performance to be better than before. Therefore, we need a system that can handle the process of recording and creating spare part stock control reports using the waterfall model, which is an SDLC method. The hope is that this application can help the performance of the agency. In this thesis the author creates a spare part stock control recording system that will help the administration process at PT. Ichii Industries Indonesia. The spare part stock control system is a system that will record incoming goods, outgoing goods, remaining stock and also prepare spare part stock reports. With this system at PT. Ichii Industries Indonesia can reduce recording errors that may occur. This system can also speed up the process of creating reports which in the end can help PT. Ichii Industries Indonesia.

PROBLEMS OF DETERMINING THE NEED FOR SPARE PARTS AND MATERIALS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF AIRPORT SPECIAL EQUIPMENT

The modern conditions of airport operation are considered from the point of view of reducing tariffs for services by reducing the costs of special equipment operation. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the influence of the costs of spare parts and materials used in its maintenance on the cost of special equipment use. The processes of special equipment utilization at the airport are considered as stochastic, and the logistics system at the airport is considered as a mass service system. It is taken into account that the stochasticity of the system is conditioned not only by the properties of the processes, but also by the randomness of the factors influencing them. In this regard, to manage the system under consideration, the list of factors that determine the intensity of resource consumption, as well as the regularities of their changes is analyzed. The main attention is paid to the necessity to find a compromise between uninterrupted supply, which requires an increase in the size of orders, and the reduction in the volume of stocks, which increases the cost of working capital of the aviation enterprise. The influence of climatic conditions of operation on the consumption of resources for the maintenance of special equipment at the airport is also analyzed. The analysis has shown that the determination of the need for resources for the maintenance of special equipment at airports is currently planned on the basis of the actual consumption for the previous year and it is not practically taken into account that the consumption varies seasonally. In this regard, it is noted that the relevance of research aimed at developing methods for planning the need of special transport services of modern airports in spare parts and consumables for maintenance, taking into account the variation in the intensity and operating conditions of special equipment. The analyzed approaches to the development of such methods show the need to consider the process of determining the need for spare parts and consumables for maintenance of special equipment as non-stationary, due to seasonal changes in the intensity and operating conditions. On this basis the basic principles of development of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for determining the size of stocks of spare parts and consumables for maintenance of special equipment are proposed.

ВЛИЯНИЕ НАДЕЖНОСТИ АВТОМОБИЛЕЙ НА ЗАТРАТЫ НА ПРИОБРЕТЕНИЕ ЗАПАСНЫХ ЧАСТЕЙ

The operation of road transport is associated with maintaining the serviceability of vehicles. Companies that operate vehicles have different approaches to ensuring their serviceability. Small ones, as a rule, carry out maintenance and repair of vehicles at service stations, while large and medium-sized companies provide conditions for carrying out technical service at their own base. In this case, they are faced with the need to stock with spare parts. It was found that the costs of spare parts account for up to 45 % of all operating costs, their reduction is possible with the correct approach to planning and organization of spare parts supply. This confirms the relevance of the research. As the main factor affecting the cost of spare parts purchasing, the authors proposed to consider the reliability of car units and assemblies. A regularity was established: the reliability of a vehicle decreases with the increase of its service life, while the need for spare parts and, consequently, the purchasing cost of spare parts increases. Spare parts stocks are planned in two groups – for maintenance and repairs. It is possible to plan the consumption of spare parts for maintenance based on the vehicle fleet and on the recommendations of the manufacturer, which regulates the frequency of replacement and the list of spare parts. It is advisable to plan the nomenclature of spare parts for current repairs based on vehicles reliability. Forecasting of spare parts stock based on reliability will allow to manage spare parts stock effectively, to minimize their shelf life and to avoid the purchase of unclaimed spare parts.

The Proactive Base Stock Policy for Condition Based Maintenance

This paper introduces the proactive base stock policy (ProBSP) that incorporates degradation data into spare parts decision-making processes. The proposed policy aims to anticipate the demand for spare parts by proactively ordering them, instead of ordering each time one is needed. ProBSP involves two decision variables: the initial stock level and the degradation order threshold. To determine the optimal values for these variables, a simulation-based optimization method is developed. More precisely, a discrete event simulation is constructed to evaluate a single point in the parameter space, and an intelligent algorithm is employed to search for the optimal solution by efficiently exploring the solution space, thereby exploiting structural properties of ProBSP. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to gain insights into the performance of ProBSP. These experiments reveal the effectiveness of ProBSP: the average spare parts stock level is reduced by 68%, with reductions exceeding 90% in specific scenarios.

Determinants of the operational performance of community-managed handpumps in rural Mozambique: An analysis of five years of cross-sectional sustainability assessments

Improving rural water supply sustainability in sub-Saharan Africa remains a major challenge. This study analysed five-years of cross-sectional sustainability check data collected annually between 2011 and 2016 (except 2015) to investigate factors influencing the operational performance of community-managed handpumps in rural Mozambique. Logistic and negative binomial regression was performed using multiple outcome measures of functionality, reliability and continuity. Average marginal effects (AMEs) were estimated to assess the effects of the predictors and mediation analysis was conducted to examine the role of women's participation.Higher levels of handpump performance were associated with financial records quality and update frequency, water committees with spare parts in stock, and committee annual revenue. The AME of high quality or recently updated financial records for non-functionality was estimated to be −0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.56 to −0.25), which is interpreted as a 40% lower probability of a water point being non-functional compared to the reference group. Water committees with a spare part stock exhibited a preventive effect on both non-functionality and breakdowns in the past 12 months, reducing their probability by 10% (AME, 95% CI, −0.17 to −0.03) and by 18% (AME, 95% CI, −0.30 to −0.05), respectively. Annual committee revenue up to 2,000 MZN (57 USD) reduced the probability of breakdowns by 25% (AME, 95% CI, −0.45 to 0.05). Handpumps were 10% (AME, 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.17) more likely to be non-functional when women were in the committee management positions. Conversely, female maintenance group members were associated with reduced breakdowns in the multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.95).Increasing outreach of post-construction support on capacity building for water committees, particularly on user fee collection, maintaining financial records, replenishing spare parts, and increased participation of women in the maintenance group, may contribute to greater sustainability of rural water points.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЗАПАСАМИ ЗАПАСНЫХ ЧАСТЕЙ НА МУЛЬТИБРЕНДОВЫХ АВТОСЕРВИСНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КИПР)

The article presents a comprehensive study of the state and problems of spare parts inventory management at multi-brand car service enterprises on the example of the Republic of Cyprus. The general characteristics of the specifics of spare parts inventory management at multi-brand car service enterprises are presented, the foundations of the organizational model for the functioning of transport enterprises of this type, including those common to the Republic of Cyprus and the Russian Federation, are disclosed. The set of tasks for managing the inventory of spare parts at multi-brand car service enterprises has been clarified. Based on the results of a survey of executives and managers of 64 Cypriot multi-brand car service enterprises, key methods for managing spare parts stocks were identified. The results of the survey were compared with the assessment of the effectiveness of management in the subject area, typical groups of enterprises were identified according to the criterion of the main method of managing spare parts inventory and the expected management efficiency. The elements of spare parts inventory management at multi-brand car service enterprises of the Republic of Cyprus, recommended for reception into Russian practice, are identified, ways to solve the problem of improving the effectiveness of management in the subject area, common to the designated group of transport enterprises in Russia and Cyprus, including the development of automation, digitalization management, combined with the use of organizational methods (flexible supply contracts, franchising and new forms of business).

APLIKASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN GUDANG SPAREPART TRUK DENGAN TEKNOLOGI OCR MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK LARAVEL

The Spare Parts Warehouse Management System application is software that helps companies or organizations manage the stock and distribution of spare parts or spare parts needed to maintain the smooth running of their production or operations. This system includes the process of procuring, organizing and sending spare parts needed in company operations. The scientific method uses qualitative, collecting data descriptively through interviews, observation and case studies. The development framework used is a prototype model, involving a series of steps starting from communication, Quick Plan Modeling, Quick Design, Construction of Prototype, Deployment Delivery and Feedback needs analysis, initial evaluation by users, prototype improvements, to implementation. In its implementation, the final result of this research was a Spare Parts Warehouse Management System Application with Web-Based OCR Technology Using the Laravel Framework PT Rajawali Inti Probolinggo, with a final respondent score of 84.8% through external testing from a total of 10 respondents.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN SPARE PART MENGGUNAKAN QR CODE DI PT SAT NUSAPERSADA TBK

This study aims to describe the information system management of spare parts in PT Sat Nusapersada Tbk that has been applied and what problems have arisen and design a new system as a proposal of the problem of spare part management in PT Sat Nusapersada Tbk. To give an idea through the system design of the benefits of the system that makes it easy for users, the method used in this study is the waterfall. The results of this study indicate that the current system has the potential for errors in checking spare part stock data, reading the size of parts and also the slow management of stock data. With the new system design, it is expected to be able to control stock quickly, facilitate users in making reports, maximize business operations by using technology, and efficiently manage spare parts using qr code.

How good must failure predictions be to make local spare parts stock superfluous?

Thanks to Industry 4.0 technologies, predictive algorithms can provide advance demand information on spare parts demand. Understanding how the goodness of predictions affects on-hand inventory and costs is important for decision makers before integrating these models into existing systems. We consider a spare parts inventory problem for multiple technical systems that are supported by one local stockpoint. Each system has a single critical component that is subject to random failures. Signals are generated to predict component failures. The signal that corresponds to a failure is generated a certain amount of time before the failure, referred to as the demand lead time. However, not every signal results in a failure and some failures are undetected. A component is replaced from the stock when a failure occurs. In case of stock-outs, an emergency shipment takes place. We formulate a discrete-time Markov decision process model to optimize the replenishment decisions with the objective of minimizing the long-run average cost per period. We investigate the effect of precision (i.e., the fraction of true signals among all signals) and sensitivity (i.e., the fraction of detected failures among all failures) of the predictions and the demand lead time on the costs, order-up-to levels, average on-hand inventory and emergency shipments under the optimal policy. In the worst case, the precision, sensitivity or demand lead time is zero. We show analytically that the optimal policy and optimal costs only depend on the sensitivity and the demand lead time through their product. In numerical experiments, we observe a Pareto principle for the reduction of costs in precision (e.g., a 30% perfectness in precision brings a 70% reduction in optimal cost compared to the worst case) and an inverse Pareto principle in the product of sensitivity and demand lead time (e.g., 70% perfectness in the sensitivity or demand lead time only brings 30% reduction in optimal cost compared to the worst case). Finally, we observe that the local spare parts stock only becomes superfluous when the signals are really close to perfect.

Perancangan Sistem Inventory Spare Part Elektronik Berbasis Web Application (Studi Kasus: Maspion Service Center)

This study aims to simplify and speed up the making of spare part stock reports at the Maspion Service Center and to avoid the risk of data recording errors that occur during spare part stock data collection. The method used in this research is the waterfall method. The researcher aims to design a spare part stock inventory system at the Maspion Service Center in order to simplify and speed up the making of spare part stock reports at the Maspion Service Center without recording in the ledger. The testing method used by the researcher is the Blackbox testing method. The results obtained in the design of this system are proven to be able to avoid the risk of data recording errors that occur during data collection of spare part stock, with the existence of a spare part stock database that is not possible with the same type of spare part twice

A data-driven methodology for the periodic review of spare parts supply chain configurations

Configuring supply chains (SCs) is critical to spare parts retailers’ success, entailing two key aspects: stock deployment into distribution centres (DCs) (i.e. inventory centralisation or decentralisation) and stock supply in each DC (how many spare parts to supply and how often). Given the unpredictability of spare parts demand, stock deployment and supply policies should be regularly reviewed, adapting to fluctuations in customer needs. A viable way to do this is to adopt a multi-criteria ABC criticality classification. However, the multi-criteria ABC criticality classification has often been used to plan stock supply policies in a single DC, but only once to plan spare parts deployment. Nevertheless, the available literature methodology presents major limitations, being not applicable in real companies. Therefore, this paper provides a novel methodology, called SP-LACE, which first reviews the configuration of spare parts SCs based on a multi-criteria criticality classification. Then, allows, for the first time, to evaluate the economic benefits of the reviewed SC configuration. SP-LACE was tested on two case studies and compared with the literature methodology. The results indicate that it provides economic benefits (in terms of total SC cost), overcoming the limitations of the literature methodology and ensuring high service levels.

Project Delay Risk Assessment

Maintenance activities on power plant projects, which are located in remote areas, are prone to risks related to project delay due to the high complexity of work and limited completion time. This research aimed to fill the existing research gap by developing a delay risk assessment of those projects using a probability impact matrix, which is then transformed into a fuzzy set theory. A case study has been undertaken to represent this research topic at three PLTMGs in Nusa Tenggara. The research steps were potential delay risks identification, critical risk assessment, and risk response development. The results show that the critical risks are lack of skilled and experienced manpower, delay in material and equipment delivery, poor communication and coordination between the contractor and the client, unavailability of materials in the local market, and incomplete material received. Several risk responses are provided in this research, such as strengthening the qualification of the job vacancy, having regular training or sharing sessions before the project execution, and having a stock of emergency spare parts in the central warehouse.

ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ АВТОСЕРВИСНОГО ЦЕНТРА В ЗАПАСАХ ЗАПАСНЫХ ЧАСТЕЙ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КИПР)

The article analyzes the specifics of the process of formation of the need of auto service enterprises in stocks of spare parts, as well as the potential for the influence of digital management technologies on it. The object of the study were 20 car service centers of the Republic of Cyprus. The study analyzed changes in the period from 2019 to 2022. inventory management digitalization ratio, service ratio and inventory profitability. The presence of a statistically significant direct relationship between changes in the digitalization index and EBIT margin of stocks was revealed. Progress was noted in the digitalization of inventory management in car service centers of the Republic of Cyprus over the period, however, attention is drawn to the insufficiency of the level of digitalization for the successful solution of the tasks set. It is proposed to intensify digital trans-formations based on raising awareness of owners, a public digital learning initiative and the dissemination of affordable digital management platforms.

ESG concept as a tool for optimising spare parts stocks in car service centres in the Republic of Cyprus

The article proposes a comprehensive analytical study of the potential for the use of the ESG concept as a tool for optimizing spare parts stocks in car service centers of the Republic of Cyprus. The study is based on the materials of the Statistical Service of the Republic of Cyprus, on the information provided in the relevant scientific literature, as well as on the results of the empirical research. An analysis of the management accounting data of 12 car service centers of the Republic of Cyprus was carried out, including 4 dealer networks, 4 independent multi-brand companies and 4 family businesses. The directions of implementation of the environmental part of the ESG concept at car service enterprises of the Republic of Cyprus are specified. A comparative assessment of the profitability of stocks and CO2 emissions in the business processes of managing auto parts stocks has been clarified. Expert assessments of the state of ESG management in the spare parts inventory management system in the analyzed car service centers are presented. It is recommended to conduct optimization of spare parts inventory management in car service centers of the Republic of Cyprus to multiply the economic and social effects from the development of the elements of the ESG concept based on the author’s CDMD model: Systematism - Decentralization - Monitoring (measurements) - Digitalization. The introduction of the proposed CDMD model should provide economic benefits, expressed in an increase in the profitability of inventories and various ESG gains.