Statistical Package For Social Sciences Version Research Articles

Temporal Statistical Analysis and Retrospective Assessment of Mortality Rate in the United States from 1999 to 2018

Objectives: To retrospectively examine the mortality trend in the USA from 1999 to 2018 using a basic statistical model while examining multiple variables. The inferential and descriptive statistical tools will be prioritized to elucidate the mortality of both years in simple terms. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational descriptive analysis of data on the 10 leading causes of death in the United States by age, race, and sex over 2 decades (1999 to 2018). The data in this report are based on information from all death certificates filed in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The causes of death are classified by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD–10), which is ranked according to the number of deaths (Cause-of-death statistics are based on the underlying cause of death). This report supplements “Deaths: Final Data for 2020,” the National Center for Health Statistics’ annual report of final mortality statistics. SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 29 Software in Excel sheet was used to analyze the generated datasets. Descriptive and inferential (parametric and non-parametric) analyses were used. The statistically significant relationships and assumptions were made using the chi-square/t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, and Fischer's exact tests with the significance level set at p ≤ 0.05. The analysis and determination of the level of agreement between the initial diagnosis and findings from the new analysis done. Results: The proportion of age-adjusted death rates of the heart (such as coronary artery disease) account for the highest proportion of 24%, while Malignant neoplasms (cancers) represent 23%, Chronic lower respiratory diseases contribute 6%, Unintentional injuries (accidents) also play a significant role, accounting for 5% of deaths. The regression analysis reveals a strong and statistically significant relationship between the number of causes in females and males. There was a high death rate of around 60 years in 1999 and a consistent decline over the years, reaching below 40 by 2018, with a 15/100,000 death fluctuation mark. Asian or Pacific Islander has the lowest age adjustment value of 8762.4, American Indian or Alaska Native, Hispanic, or Latino(11673.2), Black or African American, Hispanic, or Latino (12992.1), White, not Hispanic or Latino(15457.1), Black or African American (15708.2), Hispanic or Latino(19624.1), American Indian or Alaska Native, not Hispanic or Latino (16287.9).Asian or Pacific Islander, not Hispanic or Latino( 8791.3), and 99.2% of the variability in the dependent variable and standard error of 6.7240. Conclusions: Cardiovascular death remains the most common cause of death, with a significant decrease in the death rate from 1999 to 2018 due to improved health care and the provision of measures to improve health care. The regression analysis reveals a strong and statistically significant relationship between the number of causes in females and males. Therefore, based on the results, the number of causes in females strongly predicts the number of causes in males.

Prevalence of Self-Medication with Antibiotics Among Bahri University Medical Students, Sudan 2022

<i>Background</i>: Antibiotics are medications that eliminate life threating infections from the body. It’s one of the most reported medications that used without doctor’s prescription. The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics is quite high in developing countries as opposed to developed countries. It is linked with negative outcomes on individual and community health. In addition to its central part in increasing the global problem of antibiotic resistance. In Sudan, despite the overall acceptable level of knowledge regarding antibiotic resistance. Few studies have been carried out to assess prevalence of self-medication. <i>Objective</i>: To evaluate the prevalence of self-medication with Antibiotics among fourth- and fifth-year medical students at University of Bahri. <i>Method</i>: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Conducted among 226 medical students. Selected from fourth- and fifth-year medical students at university of Bahri using google form questionnaire. Then analyzed by using SPSS (statistical package for social science) version 25. <i>Result</i>: We found in this study approximately 82.7% of 4th and 5th year medical students at University of Bahri are using antibiotics without prescription. Amoxicillin and azithromycin are the most two common utilized antibiotics without prescription. In addition, we found the main sources of information and knowledge about appropriate dose regarding the self-medication with antibiotics are the academic experience more than (26%) and pharmacist recommendation more than (50.4%). And we found the awareness of the adverse effects of antibiotics without prescription demonstrated by 85.4% of the students. <i>Conclusion</i>: The study concludes that prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among 4th and 5th year medical students at University of Bahri is high, despite of their awareness of adverse effects.

Relationship Between Equal Opportunity, Training and Employee Performances

The purpose of this paper is to look into the relationship and problem of equal employment opportunities in the HR recruitment and selection process. Because both HR managers and employees are involved in these processes, this research is carried out separately among them. As a result, it'll be determined whether both parties agree on the existence of this concept. Equal employment opportunities are essential for any business and play a key function in attracting qualified employees. One of the main path to achieving social justice in the community is the principle of equal opportunity among employees. As a result, equal opportunity is greater than a slogan to be shouted or a claim to be made; it is a political will and a national strategy. Many researchers have paid attention to this study in the modern era, particularly in terms of equal pay and employment equity training in the administrative center. In this regard, one of the primary aim of this paper is to conduct a review and analysis of the empirical literature on the effect of equal opportunity among employees on employee performance based on previous research conducted by the researchers. Equal opportunities are a curial detail among employees in administrative center in order to enhance overall performance and achieve social justice in the community. This studies goals to identify the contributions and the consequences of equal opportunities on the employee overall performance in administrative center. The data was analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 25 for Windows. The results of the regression analysis showed significant and positive impact on equal opportunities and employee overall performance in the organization of its 4 dimensions. Thus, this paper is significance as its concerning on the future guidelines as well as addresses other variables in the administrative center which can be utilized to enhance this area.

Child Sexual Abuse and Associated Factors Among High School Female Students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Background Child sex abuse is a severe violation of fundamental human rights that has numerous negative consequences, including physical and psychological ones, and is a huge global public health issue. It is a significant public health issue that affects millions of people annually around the world but is the least acknowledged and reported form of violence in Ethiopia against schoolgirls. Thus, this study is very important to provide recent information on the magnitude of sexual abuse and its associated factors. Objective This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of lifetime child sexual abuse and associated factors among high school female students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda (AZW), Southern Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 414 randomly selected female high school students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda between December 20, 2022, and January 20, 2023. A stratified and multi-stage sampling technique was used to select participants from selected high schools. A pretested, self-administered questionnaire was used, and the data were entered using EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS (the Statistical Package for Social Science) version 27. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with sexual abuse using binary logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. Result In this study area, prevalence of child sexual abuse was 45% (95% CI 40.6–50.2). Students who slept alone at home (AOR = 4.93, 95% CI 1.46–16.67); having no open discussions with their parents (AOR = 4.49, 95% CI 1.62–12.47); drinking alcohol (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.32–8.28); and having friends who drink alcohol or chew chat (AOR = 6.14, 95% CI 1.58–23.9) were the identified factors associated with child sexual abuse. Conclusion This study found a high level of child sexual abuse among high school female students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda. High schools must collaborate with parents to develop a strategy to reduce sexual abuse acting against human rights, focusing on identified factors.

IJCM_411A: Motivational factors associated with the choosing medicine as a profession among first year students

Background: Students enter the medical study with internally generated motives like genuine interest (intrinsic motivation) and/or externally generated motives like parental pressure or desire for status or prestige. Due to limited information available on the motivational factors to take up medicine among Indian students, this study was carried out to determine motivations of first-year medical students’ towards a medical career. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out among all 250 first year medical students of Kasturba Medical College (Manipal University), Mangalore in February 2015. Data collection was done using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire, consisting of 16 questions about demographic and academic characteristics; motivational factors to study medicine; and the role of career guidance in choice of study Data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 11.5. Results: Of 250 students, 246 (98.4%) submitted completed questionnaires. The majority of the students (72%) were self-motivated for choosing medicine as a career; 64.2% chose medicine because it is a humane and noble profession; 50.4% for respect and prestige it provides; 36.6% were inspired by the family; 27.2% because of the non-requirement to study Mathematics and Physics and 14.6% for financial security. Also, 16.3% students had parents in the medical profession; Fifty-seven students (55%) got admission after > or = 2 attempts; 46% decided on a medical career before class ten. Overall, 13% had sought career counselling. More than half of the students had accurate knowledge about the curriculum, course duration, examinations, and post graduate training. Conclusion: Nobility of the profession, prestige, and inspiration from family members were the predominant motivating factors. Determining the reasons for choosing medicine has important implications for the selection and training of students as well as for their future job satisfaction.

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on influenza; observation of a tertiary level virology laboratory.

The lockdown enforced amid the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the occurrence and trends of various respiratory virus infections, with a particular focus on influenza. Our study seeks to analyze the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the positivity of the influenza virus throughout a 4-year span, encompassing both the pre-COVID-19 era (2018 and 2019) and the COVID-19 period (2020 and 2021). Data collected from patients clinically diagnosed with Influenza-like Illness and Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) from January 2018 to December 2021 for influenza virus detection were acquired and analyzed through multiplex RT-qPCR. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 21.0 Software. A total of 4464 samples were tested over 4years (2018-2021), with 3201 samples from the pre-COVID era and 1263 samples from the COVID era. Influenza A positivity dropped from 17.7 to 9.57% and Influenza B positivity decreased from 3.74 to 2.61%. Subtyping revealed changes in prevalence for both viruses. Seasonal variations showed more pronounced peaks in the pre-COVID-19 era with reduced activity during lockdown. Influenza A saw a resurgence in August 2021. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) SARI cases did not decrease. The positivity rate for Influenza A slightly rose to 7.79% from 4.23% in the COVID period (2020-2021). This increase correlates with heightened hospitalization rates during the pandemic, sparking concerns of potential coinfection with coronavirus and Influenza A. The notable drop in influenza cases in 2020-2021 is likely due to stringent precautions, lockdowns, drug repurposing, and prioritized testing, indicating no reduction in influenza transmission. Increased influenza positivity in SARI patients during COVID-19 highlights a heightened risk of coinfection. Emphasizing solely on COVID-19 may lead to underreporting of other respiratory pathogens, including influenza viruses.

Prevalence oftrachomatous inflammation-follicular and associated factors among children aged 1-9 yearsin northeastern Ethiopia.

Trachoma is the most prevalent eye disease in Ethiopia, especially among children aged 1-9 years and continues to be a public health concern. Nevertheless, in Ethiopia's rural Jamma district in South Wollo Zone of Amhara Regional State, factors associated with trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) among children aged 1-9 yearshave not yet been studied. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 616 children aged 1-9 years in rural Jamma district in Ethiopia from January-March, 2019. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, an observation checklist and clinical examination of study participants for active trachoma. The presence of TF and trachomatous inflammation-intense (TI) was clinically assessed by integrated eye care workers using the World Health Organization simplified grading system. Data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 25.0. A logistic regression model with 95% CI was used. From the multivariable analysis, variables with p-value < 0.05 were declared as associated factors of TF. The prevalence of TF was 10.9% (95% CI [8.6 - 13.6%]) among the rural children aged 1-9 years.The mean family size was 5.5 ± 1.9 persons. About one-fifth (20.6%) of households kept domestic animals overnight in the same room as family. Almost one-sixth (17.5%) of the children involved in this study had an ocular discharge. Two-thirds of the children (68.8%) washed their hands once per day and just over half (55.8%) washed their faces once per day. From multivariable analysis, we found that the presence of domestic animals kept overnight in the same room as the family (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.32; 95%CI [2.49-9.52]), mother's/caregiver's illiteracy (AOR = 2.01; 95%CI [1.11-4.67]), household size (> 7 persons) (AOR = 3.50; 95%CI [1.66-8.50]), washing of children's hands and face without soap (AOR = 2.41; 95%CI [1.29-5.18]), feces observed in the compound (AOR = 5.10; 95%CI [2.01-10.14]), presence of ocular discharge (AOR = 7.23, 95%CI [4.10-12.51]) and nasal discharge (AOR = 4.54, 95%CI [1.95-9.26]) were significantly associated with TF. The prevalence of TF among rural children aged 1-9 years in this study was almost two times higher than the WHO-recommended threshold (TF < 5%) for trachoma elimination and beyond the trachoma control target (TF < 10%). Presence of domestic animals kept overnight in the same room as the family, mother's/caregiver's illiteracy, household size (> 7 persons), washing of children's hands and face without soap, feces observed in the compound, presence of ocular and nasal discharge were significantly associated with TF. We recommended interventions that will help household income to be improved to enable families to be able to construct separate rooms in which to keep animals overnight. Furthermore, we also recommend to policy makers to design mechanisms for enhancement of behavioural change among householdersto keep household compounds clean and creating awareness among mothers/caregivers about prevention of trachoma.

Barriers to the Digital Game-Based learning at Secondary level In Punjab: Perceptions of Pre-Service Teachers

Teachers’ main aim is to make the students learn with interest by adding daily life activities and examples to get long-lasting effects on their learning. Introducing digital games in the classroom is a new innovative approach that makes it easy for students to learn new skills and knowledge. However, teachers are not frequently using this approach in their classrooms. The present quantitative descriptive study has explored the barriers that hinder teachers from using digital game-based learning approaches. Pre-service teacher perceptions were sought in the teacher training colleges, i.e., district campuses of Quaid-i-Azam Academy for Educational Development in Punjab. After checking its validity and reliability, a self-constructed closed-ended online questionnaire was used for data collection. The alpha value of the questionnaire was .825. All the pre-service teachers studying in the district campuses of Quaid-i-Azam Academy for Educational Development, Punjab were the population of the study. The online survey remained open for about one month, and 384 responses were received from pre-service teachers throughout the Punjab province. Data were collected based on five-point Likert type scale. Collected data was put into SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 25 and descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to get the study results. Major findings include that availability of insufficient resources, teachers’ lack of skills and use of digital tools, and difficulties in managing technology in the classroom are the main barriers to implementing digital game-based learning in the public secondary schools of Punjab. The study benefits stakeholders, policymakers, and decision-makers and has added new knowledge in education.

Dyslipidemia: A risk factor for cataract.

Objective: To determine lipid profile in patients of age-related cataract and compared them with age-matched controls. Study Design: Case Control study. Setting: Naseer Memorial Hospital, Dadyal. Period: January 2022 to December 2022. Material &amp; Methods: A total of 300 patients were recruited using a consecutive non-probability sampling method and divided in two groups, one control and the other having cataract. The patients underwent a thorough ocular assessment and lipid profile evaluation. Inclusion criteria was age 40 years or older of any gender having senile cataracts of any morphological form. Exclusion criteria was history of ocular trauma, systemic disease, ocular surgery, oral steroids or cataract other than senile cause. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. The results showed that patients with senile cataracts had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and significantly lower levels of HDL cholesterol than the controls. The collected data was entered in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 for analysis. Independent t test was applied and p value ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: It was found that patients with senile cataracts had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL and significantly lower levels of HDL than the age-matched controls. Conclusion: The findings suggested that dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for age-related cataract.

Assessing the Prevalence of Elbow Pain in Salon Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Johar Town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Elbow pain (EP) is a major health risk among salon workers. Salon workers confront a more significant number of occupational issues. Due to the overuse of muscles, work-related EP is common in occupational workers, especially salon workers. This study aims to raise public awareness about issues such as EP caused by overuse of elbow muscles, protect workers from dangerous health concerns, and determine the prevalence of EP in salon workers of Lahore. A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct this study in Lahore. The study population included male and female salon workers aged 18 to 45 years. Non-probability purposive sampling was used. A sample size of 78 female and 76 male salon workers was calculated. Patient Elbow Questionnaire and visual analogue scale were used in this study. Data was collected from different areas of Johar town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Data was analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 21 for Windows 10. The prevalence of EP in salon workers of Lahore was 71.4%. Out of 154 workers, (28.6%) workers have no pain. Most of the workers have mild pain, which is (37.0%); workers with (32.0%) have moderate pain, and only (1.9%) have severe pain. There was a high prevalence (71.4%) of EP in salon workers., 50.6% in females and 49.3% in males. The average intensity of pain was moderate.

Functional Outcome of Titanium Elastic Nail Fixation in Diaphyseal Fractures of Forearm in Adolescents

Introduction: This study aims to assess the functional outcomes of Titanium Elastic Nailing System (TENS) fixation for managing diaphyseal forearm fractures in adolescents. Method: The study was a prospective clinical study conducted at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Between December 1, 2020, and November 30, 2021. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Registration Number 305/077/078-IRC). A total of 27 patients who underwent TENS fixation for forearm diaphyseal fractures were included. Patients were followed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Radiological and functional outcome evaluations were assessed, including the range of motion, deformity, and time taken for union and active recovery. Collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel and converted to SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 28 for statistical analysis. Results: Among 27 included patients, 66.7% were males, 81.5% were within the age group of 10-13 years, 70.4% fell on outstretched hands, and 66.7% had fractures at the middle third of the forearm. Union was seen in 6 weeks among 29.6%, 12 weeks among 66.6%, and 24 weeks among 3.8%—7.4% developed complications. Conclusion: TENS is an effective fixation method for diaphyseal forearm fractures in adolescents and provides satisfactory functional outcomes. Keywords: Adolescents; Forearm bone fractures; Functional outcome; TENS

Human Resource Management Practices on Job Satisfaction in selected Private Universities in South West, Nigeria

This study examined the effect of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices on job satisfaction in private universities in South West, Nigeria. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The study population frame is 3,261 (three thousand two hundred and sixty-one) involving all academic staff members from the selected private universities in South West, Nigeria. The Taro Yamane formula was used to statistically determine the sample size, which was 356 (three hundred and fifty-six). The study used a well-structured questionnaire to collected responses from the respondents. Descriptive statistics employed for data analysis were frequency counts, simple percentages, mean scores, and standard deviations, while the inferential statistics utilized was the multiple regression with the aid of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23. The results of the study revealed that, HRM practices were found to have a positive effect on job satisfaction at a few private universities in South West, Nigeria (β=.768; t = 13.972, p&lt;.05). The study concluded that the adoption of HRM practices such as flexible work plan, transport benefits, employee compensation, has improved organizational performance in private universities in South West Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that to allow for increased organizational performance, the variables of HRM practices such as flexible work plan, transport benefits, employee compensation needs to be employed by universities and it should be modelled in such a way that the employers can employ it for their university operations. Keywords: HRM Practices, Job Satisfaction, Private Universities, South West, Nigeria. Journal Reference Format: Aremu, F.E. (2023): Human Resource Management Practices on Job Satisfaction in selected Private Universities in South West, Nigeria. Humanities, Management, Arts, Education &amp; the Social Sciences Journal. Vol. 11. No. 4, Pp 25-36. www.isteams.net/humanitiesjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/HUMANITIES/V11N4P3

Prevalence of Hyperuricemia at a Tertiary Care Centre of Jumla, Nepal: A Retrospective Study

Background: Purines after its metabolism, gives rise to the formation of uric acid as an end product. More than 70% of its excretion is done by the renal system and lesser portion by intestinal and biliary system. Hyperuricemia is caused by the abnormalities in serum uric acid (SUA) metabolism and its impairment in renal function leading to the urate retention. Methods: Observational descriptive cross sectional study (retrospective chart review) done from 16th July 2021 to 15th July 2022 to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia. The data entered in Microsoft Excel 2007 and analyzed in SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 16. Results: In this study, total participants were 1491 of which male was 553 (37.08%), and female was 938 (62.91%). Prevalence of hyperuricemia was 9.99% in the total population. 16.09% male and 6.39% female population were hyperuricemic. Conclusions: Besides various factors of the health hazards, hyperuricemia is also one of them and sometimes may go undiagnosed. Timely diagnosis and its treatment may protect against cardiovascular events, hypertension, renal disorders, etc.

Health information-seeking behavior of nursing students in Isfahan city about COVID-19 disease.

The proper planning to help the health information-seeking behavior (HISB), as well as promoting its quantitative and qualitative level among nursing students increases educational efficiency and enables provide appropriate services to patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the HISB of nursing students in the process of obtaining information about the emerging disease of COVID-19 in Isfahan city. The present cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Isfahan´ s faculties of nursing and educational hospitals. The research sample included 448 students who met the inclusion criteria, using convenience sampling. Lenz's HISB questionnaire was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical software version 20, using descriptive and inferential statistics, with confidence interval = 95%. The results indicate a statistically significant relationship between the age and marital status of students with the overall score of the HISB of nursing students (P < 0.05). Regarding the study, information was mostly obtained from "social media" (43.7%) although the participants more trusted in "health experts" (57.5%). The results of the present study indicated that the students often searched for "disease symptoms" (38.8%) and "epidemiological issues" (22.5%). "Internet sites and search engines" and "social media" provide quick access to information for users, which is one of the reasons for favoring these sources. However, they can be a platform for disseminating false and invalid information. Thus, other reliable sources such as the Ministry of Health and Medical Education should play a greater role in creating content on social media.

Therapeutic Itinerary of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital, West Region, Cameroon

Background: Cardiovascular diseases have emerged as a growing public health problem worldwide, with heart failure being the end point of a greater majority of poorly diagnosed and managed heart diseases. In Sub-Saharan Africa, traditional medicine still has a remarkable influence on health care systems, and in Cameroon, the referral/counter-referral system thought to be implemented is not efficiently applied. Heart failure patients fall amongst the group of victims affected by this problem. Many studies have been carried on heart failure in Cameroon, but data on this subject remains sparse.&#x0D; Objective: To identify the therapeutic itinerary adopted by symptomatic patients with chronic heart failure seen at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (BRH) and determine the outcome following management by cardiologists, so as to provide results-driven interventions to increase the rate of early management of heart failure by appropriate health services and limit complications due to wrong therapeutic orientations.&#x0D; Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried, from February 2019 to May 2019 at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital. A consecutive sampling technique using objective-related structured questionnaire was used to select patients aged above 18 years seen at the study site. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.&#x0D; Results: The BRH Cardiologist consultation was the 1st station sought by 32 (23.7%) of patients. We found 14.8% of cases and 8.9% who had as first therapeutic stations home management and traditional healers respectively. Majority of participants went through a total of 2 stations, 60 (44.4%), and only 5 (3.7%) went through 5 therapeutic stations. Most participants (36.3%), delayed for 1-3 weeks after onset of symptoms before seeking a means of intervention. NYHA (New York Heart Association) stages were generally improved after cardiologists’ follow up (54.1% and 26.7% for stages I and II respectively), compared to that before entry (0.7% stage I, 41.5% stage II, 38.5% stage 3, and 19.3% stage IV), which was statistically significant with P &lt; 0.0005.&#x0D; Conclusion: There is a high proportion of HF patients who do no adopt an ideal therapeutic itinerary following the health pyramid from the onset of symptoms, hence the need to educate the population on cardinal signs of heart failure, especially patients with known risk factors, and to encourage the referral of patients in order to limit complications between the onset of symptoms till cardiologist consultation.

Painful Rib Syndrome a Series of 89 Cases

Painful rib syndrome is an under diagnosed or neglected clinical entity presented with pain in the lower chest and upper abdomen with a tender spot (or spots) at the lower costal margin. This study was designed to see the presentation of a relatively less recognized clinical condition painful rib syndrome. Consecutive patients presenting with pain in the lower chest or upper abdomen at one or both sides with reproducible tender points or points on the costal margin and positive hooking sign were included. Patients’ epidemiological and clinical data were recorded. A routine x-ray chest of PA view and ultrasonogram of the abdomen were done in all. Data analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 20. Total 89 patients, male 31(34.8%) and female 58(65.2%) with age ranging from 10 to 70 years (mean 35.34) were included. Of them, 48(53.9%) were within 26 to 45 years group, 43(48.3%) were housewives and 47 (52.8%) were from middle-class economic group. Among them, 16 (18%), 16 (18%), 12 (13.48%), and 30 (33.71%) patients presented with pain in the right lower chest, left lower chest, both sides of chest and right upper abdomen respectively and were managed conservatively with complete or acceptable improvement in 78(87.64%) patients. Painful rib syndrome can be diagnosed easily by history, clinical examination, and minimum investigations which may save patients from anxiety and economic loss. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Med. Coll. J. 2023;2(1): 29-32

Pengaruh Country Of Origin, Event Sponsorship dan Citra Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian

The purpose of this research is to analyze and determine the influence of Country of Origin, Event Sponsorship and Brand Image on Purchasing Decisions. The type of research used in this research is multiple linear regression, assisted by processing with the SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 22 program so that primary data is obtained. The population in this study were Samsung smartphone users at Yudharta Pasuruan University. The sampling technique was carried out by collecting data from researchers using a questionnaire. There are three independent variables in this research, namely Country of Origin, Event Sponsorship and Brand Image. Meanwhile, the dependent variable in this research is Purchase Decision. The results of this study show that partially the country of origin has a positive and insignificant effect. However, country of origin is a variable that indirectly has little influence on purchasing decisions. Event sponsorship has a negative and insignificant effect, meaning that event sponsorship is a variable that does not have a significant direct influence on purchasing decisions. Brand image has a positive and significant effect, meaning that brand image is a variable that indirectly has a lot of influence on purchasing decisions because the higher the image of a brand can influence purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, the three variables, namely Country of Origin, Event Sponsorship and Brand Image, have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions.

Pregnancy-Related Information-Seeking Behavior and Information Literacy Profiles of Women at Reproductive Age

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to capture pregnancy-related information seeking behavior of women and its correlation with socio-economic status and with Internet health information literacy profiles. A user survey based on Wilson’s’ macro-model of information seeking behavior was designed and carried out. The survey included 289 women at reproductive age who provided valid feedback on information needs, motives for seeking pregnancy-related information online, information resources employed and Internet information literacy. Responses were collected via an anonymous questionnaire and processed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 25.0. The results demonstrate that women have increased information needs during pregnancy, that they are primarily concerned about the health of their embryos and that they tend to turn mainly to their doctors, their family and to the Web for obtaining pregnancy-related information. Internet is most used by younger women and online information is generally deemed useful. The analysis of survey responses indicated that pregnancy-related information literacy profiles are influenced by women’s educational status and age. Official online information sources should be made available in Greece, where women could find useful and trusted information about pregnancy issues.

The Influence of Work Ethics and Commitment of the Principal on the Visionary Leadership at Junior High School

This study aimed to determine the effect of the work ethic and commitment of the principal on the visionary leadership of Junior High School principals in Pekanbaru City. This study was ex post facto research and used a quantitative approach. The population in this study was composed of 151 principals of junior high schools in Pekanbaru City. The research samples were 110 headmasters of a junior high school in the city of Pekanbaru. The technique used to determine the sample was the cluster sampling method. The data analysis technique used was descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical, which consists of F test, Multiple Regression Test, and Determinant test analysis using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) Version.23 program. The results of the study show that the principal's work ethic and commitment affect the principal's visionary leadership. This means that the better the work ethic and commitment of the principal, the better the visionary leadership of the principal in developing the school. Good visionary leadership can be seen from the leader's insight, the leader's ability to make changes and make decisions, establish good relationships, be innovative and adhere to spiritual values. The principal is a visionary leader to advance the school as shown by his attitude in carrying out work and his concern for the progress of the school.

Optimising organisational performance through dynamic conflict resolution strategies in the banking sector

This study investigated the effect of conflict resolution and organizational performance in the Nigerian Banking Sector, in Asaba Delta State. This study identified how conflict resolution strategies are implored to improve organizational performance. The adopted measures included such measures as; Accommodating Strategy (AS) and Dominating Strategy (DS) on how they influence organizational performance which seeks to be the dependent variable. The primary data used in this study were collected with the aid of structured questions from respondents (customers of banks). A total of 65 questionnaires were administered to respondents and also retrieved. These data were coded using an Excel spreadsheet and entered in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for analysis using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression with the aid of SPSS version 23. The findings revealed that Accommodating Strategy (AC) and Dominating Strategy (DS) have a significant relationship with Organizational Performance (OP). This study therefore concluded that there is a significant Accommodating Strategy (AS) in particular has a good and significant impact on organizational performance (OP). As a result, Nigerian banks should keep and grow accommodating strategy channels since it has improved staff performance, which would help the banks function better. Hence, the researcher recommended that Management should try to offer seminars/workshops on organizational dispute resolution methods for workers regularly. Employees will be able to learn about conflicts and how to successfully handle them for the benefit of the business.