Statistical Correlation Research Articles

Towards green logistics: An innovative decision support model for zero-emission transportation modes development

The transition towards sustainable and eco-friendly transportation modes is a critical step in alleviating the adverse impacts of climate change and reducing carbon emissions. In this aspect, the zero-emission transportation modes development (ZETMD) has received growing interest from policymakers and researchers across the globe. However, developing zero-emission transportation modes is a complex task, as numerous challenges exist in real-life scenarios that must be addressed. Additionally, the identification and modeling of challenges related to ZETMD considering large-scale uncertainty are absent in the literature. Therefore, this study uniquely contributes to the existing literature by identifying and analyzing the critical challenges of ZETMD by offering an integrated and novel decision support method that combines Interval Type-2 Trapezoidal Fuzzy Set (IT2TrFS) Pareto and a generalized IT2TrFS weighted averaging (GIT2TrFSWA) operator-based IT2TrFS-Best-Worst Method (BWM) with lower defuzzification (LD). This integrated model is robust and capable of handling a broader scale of uncertainty during the subjective judgment of challenges. The IT2TrFS-Pareto analysis helps identify the most critical challenges, while GIT2TrFSWA operator-based IT2TrFS-BWM with LD aids in determining the importance of these challenges. The IT2TrFS-Pareto analysis identifies nine challenges as critical challenges from an initially selected sixteen challenges. The findings of the IT2TrFS-BWM-LD analysis suggest that the “High cost of clean technologies development for transport” is the most critical challenge for ZETMD carrying a normalized IT2TrFS defuzzified weight of 0.26067. Further, comprehensive sensitivity, comparative, and statistical correlation analyses confirm the robustness and reliability of the proposed model. The study findings can serve as a benchmark for policymakers and decision-makers to overcome these challenges by formulating and implementing appropriate strategic policies in real-life scenarios that can further mitigate carbon emissions.

The Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk: A Retrospective Study.

Background Nowadays, there has been growing attention to vitamin D deficiency's impact on women of reproductive age, both during pregnancy and the preconception period.Because of its possible impact on female reproductive ability, vitamin D deficiency may have multiple implications for maternal and fetal health. Currently, the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) isgaining attention, mainly due to contradictory findings in the literature. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective study involving data from 106 pregnant women to establish a possible link between vitamin D deficiency and GDM risk. We analyzed variables such as vitamin D status, the occurrence of gestational diabetes, and body mass index to identify significant statistical correlations among them. Results Within our study group, the average vitamin D level was 19.5 ± 7.8 ng/mL. Regarding vitamin D status, 59 (55.7%) pregnant women had vitamin D deficiency, 36 (34%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 11 (10.4%) had optimal vitamin D levels. GDM was diagnosed in 18 cases, representing 17%. After the statistical analysis, we found a positive correlation between gestational diabetes and vitamin D deficiency (chi-square = 4.472, p = 0.049).However, we did not find a significant correlation between gestational diabetes and optimal vitamin D status. Conclusions Pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency are at an increased risk of developing GDM and may benefit from vitamin D supplementation. We believe that further research is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of vitamin D's effects on pregnancy.

Shallow groundwater and river baseflow: Interconnection evidences and integrated water management strategies. Case study in the upper Descoberto watershed, Federal District, Brazil

Aquifer discharge in the form of baseflow is intimate related to river replenishment. In this manner, it is reasonable that water management practices consider an integrated approach including surface and groundwater. Effective regulatory measures, however, require the understanding of the mechanisms and the degree of such interconnection. In the Federal District, capital of Brazil, research focused on this theme are scarce, despite the relevance addressed by some authors. In the present study, shallow groundwater of Upper Descoberto Watershed was monitored for four years (2019–2023). The area responds to 60% of local population public water supply and has been facing land use conflicts and water crisis. Data were collected with 2-h resolution and compared to fluviometric stations discharge and water height records. Graphical analyses demonstrate that river baseflow is highly dependent on shallow aquifer discharge. The decrease of the phreatic aquifer water level results, in a short period, in streams flow reduction. This result is contrasting to the former agreement that considered the connection would take more time to be established. Statistical correlation coefficients are as high as 0.920 for the entire monitoring range and 0.998 for the dry season. The results evidence that soils have important reservoir and regulatory functions, even though they might not be relevant for high water demand activities. In this way, water grant process should account for correlated components, such as territory planning, estimation of total extraction by sensitive areas and properly characterization of insignificant uses, alternative and independent water sources evaluation, and definition of environmental constraints. The mitigation practices of hydric problems must include the implementation of artificial recharge devices, use of sustainable farming methods and control of rainwater overland flow. It is desirable the maintenance and enlargement of the current monitoring net so that former patterns that culminated in water crisis can be early identified and mitigated.

Cardiovascular malformation associated with esophageal atresia

Abstract Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the commonest abnormality associated with esophageal atresia (EA). EA is a rare congenital malformation occurring in 3-4 in 10,000 births, in 87% occurs along with a distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). The coexistence of a cardiac malformation and in addition, prematurity can be challenging and affects the further treatment and quality of life (QOL) of the child and family. Knowledge of the anatomical type and physiological consequences of CHD allows a well-coordinated treatment plan. Purpose The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the presence of underlying associated malformations, disease-specific problems and prematurity would have a considerable influence on the family of a child after surgical repair of EA. Methods We used a crossed-sectional questionnaire study. The impact of EA was assessed using an Authors-Designed Questionnaire (ADQ) to collect medical and sociodemographic background data (gestational week (HBD), comorbidities, type of EA, according to the Gross classification) as well as standardized questionnaire: the PedsQL™ Family Impact Module (PedsQL-FIM). Results Of the 76 children born with EA/TEF included in this study, 26% had a vascular malformation. Mean age was 5.3 years (SD = 3.7 years). Cardiovascular malformation associated with EA significantly (p=0.037) affects the functioning of the family in the emotional domain (FIM – ED). The QOL (p < 0,034) of children born before 37th HBD is lower that children born in term The presence of concomitant anomalies does affect the overall generic QoL. No statistical correlation was found between the type of anomaly (with/without TEF) and patients' QoL. Conclusions Cardiovascular malformation and prematurity significantly affect child’s QOL and the functioning of the family with EA. Patients who have undergone EA treatment require specialist outpatient care, not only in the first years of life, but also in adolescence and adulthood.

The mediating effect of e-health literacy on social support and behavioral decision-making on glycemic management in pregnant women with gestational diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Social support and e-health literacy are closely related to individual health behaviors, while behavior is premised on decision-making. Few studies have identified the relationships among social support, e-health literacy, and behavioral decision-making, and the nature of these relationships among pregnant women with gestational diabetes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate relationships among social support, e-health literacy, and glycemic management behavioral decisions in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Using continuous sampling, an online cross-sectional survey was conducted among pregnant women with gestational diabetes who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at four Class 3 hospitals in Fujian Province from October to December 2023. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on general characteristics, socioeconomic status, social support, e-health literacy, and behavioral decision-making regarding glycemic management. Descriptive statistical analyses, correlation analyses, and mediation effects were used to assess associations. A total of 219 pregnant women with gestational diabetes participated, and 217 valid results were obtained. The level of glycemic management behavior decision-making in women with gestational diabetes was positively correlated with e-health literacy (r = 0.741, p < 0.01) and with perceived social support (r = 0.755, p < 0.01). E-health literacy was positively correlated with perceived social support (r = 0.694, p < 0.01). The indirect effect of perceived social support on glycemic management behavior decisions through e-health literacy (a*b) was 0.153, accounting for 38% of the total effect. Social support and e-health literacy in pregnant women with gestational diabetes are related to behavioral decision-making in glycemic management. The results of this study provide a reference for developing targeted measures to improve glycemic management behaviors in pregnant women with gestational diabetes, which is crucial for achieving sustainable glycemic management.

Statistical characteristics and correlations of morphometric traits of Asparagus officinalis L. fruits in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine

The current research was conducted in 2020–2023 on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine and was focused on ripe fruits of Asparagus officinalis. This study aimed to find out the main statistical characteristics of morphometric traits of A. officinalis fruits: fruit diameter, number of locules per fruit, number of seeds per fruit, number of seeds per locule, and to confirm or deny the hypothesis of positive pairwise correlations of the first three traits. Eighteen combinations of four morphometric traits were found in the A. officinalis fruits. For each morphometric feature of A. officinalis fruits, ten statistical characteristics were determined: arithmetic mean, median, mode, range of variation, oscillation coefficient, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, standard error of the mean, coefficient of skewness, and coefficient of kurtosis. The coefficient of variation showed that the number of seeds per fruit is the most variable of the studied morphometric traits of A. officinalis fruits, and the fruit diameter is the least variable. According to the comprehensive assessment of the coefficients of skewness and kurtosis, the distributions of the number of seeds per fruit and the diameter of the fruits are closest to the normal distribution. It was established that the correlations between pairs of such traits as fruit diameter and number of locules per fruit, fruit diameter and number of seeds per fruit, number of locules per fruit and number of seeds per fruit are positive, direct, and strong. Thus, considering the economic feasibility, it is more practical to collect A. officinalis fruits of a larger size to obtain a larger number of seeds. The results of this work are of interest for the morphology and biometrics of A. officinalis and its cultivation.

The downward spiral entangling soil sealing and hydrogeological disasters

Abstract The frequency of occurrence of hydrogeological disasters (HGDs), as well as the persistence of their impacts, are not evenly distributed. Hazardous areas, by definition, are more prone to extreme events, while in densely urbanized regions, the impacts of these events tend to be more severe. The objective of this study is to investigate statistical relationships between urban and natural environment features and HGD occurrences. Taking Italian provinces as a comprehensive case study, we assessed the coefficient of determination, the χ 2 test, and the p-value to determine the degree of statistical correlation between impact indicators and 57 hazard/risk/land management indicators, such as extension of at-risk areas or soil sealing. We discovered that HGDs persistence and frequency correlate best with an indicator describing the amount of soil sealing (i.e. urbanized soil) in medium-hazard areas. Building on that, a further dynamic analysis was carried out to investigate whether soil sealing trends changed significantly after the provinces were struck by HGDs. Our findings hold significant implications, challenging current policy norms. European directives and Italian national laws impose strict development restrictions in ‘high-hazard’ areas, but generally allow for urbanization in ‘medium-hazard’ areas, with only minor limitations. Moreover, a paradoxical positive urbanization trend is observed in the most sensitive areas, greater than in safer areas and generally unchanged after HGDs. This outcome highlights a critical gap in risk perception that reflects into territorial planning, decision-making processes, and existing policies.

Role of Tympanometric Ear Canal Volumes in Determining Outcome of Myringoplasty in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Patients.

Middle ear aeration is a predictive indicator of myringoplasty's successful outcome and tympanometric ear canal volume is a novel investigation that can estimate the volume of middle ear cleft and mastoid air cells. Our aim of this study is to determine the role of tympanometric ear canal volume on myringoplasty outcome in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Patients. Prospective analysis involving 50 patients of CSOM was performed on patients undergoing myringoplasty from April 2022 to December 2023. Smokers, Patients with squamosal COM, Bilateral COM, Otitis Externa, and Revision surgery were excluded from the study. The successful outcome of surgery was defined as no tympanic membrane perforation on postoperative follow-up. Analysis was carried out using SPSS. V. 25 and P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 50 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 24.4 ± 8.965 and male predominance. Overall graft uptake was 64%. Graft uptake had no significant statistical correlation with age, gender, type, location, or size of perforation. However, there is a significant effect of tympanometric ear canal volume of pathological ear and interaural tympanometric ear canal volume difference on graft uptake with p-values of 0.023 and 0.033 respectively. Tympanometric ear canal volume can predict middle ear aeration and the higher the interaural tympanometric canal difference more are the chances of successful graft uptake.

AI Chat GPT technologies in health sciences: A study with mathematical statistic correlation and probabilistic mission induction

AI Chat GPT technologies in health sciences: A study with mathematical statistic correlation and probabilistic mission induction

Benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules in patients treated with celecoxib and/or finasteride have reduced levels of NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, a mitochondrial protein essential for efficient function of the electron transport chain.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition generally associated with advanced age in men that can be accompanied by bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) including intermittency, weak stream, straining, urgency, frequency, and incomplete bladder voiding. Pharmacotherapies for LUTS/BPH include alpha-blockers, which relax prostatic and urethral smooth muscle and 5ɑ-reductase inhibitors such as finasteride, which can block conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone thereby reducing prostate volume. Celecoxib is acyclooxygenase-2inhibitor that reduces inflammation and has shown some promise in reducing prostatic inflammation and alleviating LUTS for some men with histological BPH. However, finasteride and celecoxib can reduce mitochondrial function in some contexts, potentially impacting their efficacy for alleviating BPH-associated LUTS. To determine the impact of these pharmacotherapies on mitochondrial function in prostate tissues, we performed immunostaining of mitochondrial Complex I (CI) protein NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3(NDUFS3) and inflammatory cells on BPH specimens from patients naïve to treatment, or who were treated with celecoxib and/or finasteride for 28 days, as well as prostate tissues from male mice treated with celecoxib or vehicle control for 28 days. Quantification and statistical correlation analyses of immunostaining were performed. NDUFS3 immunostaining was decreased in BPH compared to normal adjacent prostate. Patients treated with celecoxib and/or finasteride had significantly decreased NDUFS3 in both BPH and normal tissues, and no change in inflammatory cell infiltration compared to untreated patients. Mice treated with celecoxib also displayed a significant decrease in NDUFS3 immunostaining and no change in inflammatory cell infiltration. These findings suggest that celecoxib and/or finasteride are associated with an overall decrease in NDUFS3 levels in prostate tissues but do not impact the presence of inflammatory cells, suggesting a decline in mitochondrial CI function in the absence of enhanced inflammation. Given that BPH has recently been associated with increased prostatic mitochondrial dysfunction, celecoxib and/or finasteride may exacerbate existing mitochondrial dysfunction in some BPH patients thereby potentially limiting their overall efficacy in providing metabolic stability and symptom relief.

Stress, Anxiety and Depression in First-year Medical Undergraduates and Coping Strategies Employed during COVID-19-induced Online Learning: A Cross-sectional Study from North India

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, due to its rising uncertainties, was expected to negatively impact the overall psychological functioning of students undergoing first year of medical professional education with changing teaching styles and environmental restraints. Objective: The objective was to assess the impact of this stressful period on the first-year Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students at an Institute of National importance in North India, by measuring their various emotional states such as stress, anxiety, depression and coping strategies. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study undertaken in first-year MBBS students who were admitted in February 2021 due to delay in the admission process. Their physical classes were suspended due to the onset of second wave of COVID-19 and underwent a significant shift from conventional classes to a hybrid teaching module involving online classes, minimal face-to-face contact with teachers and almost no practical exposure which is in contrast to the conventional teaching practices. Data collection was done during and in the aftermath of second wave of COVID-19 using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) to assess emotional state and the Brief-Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory to measure the coping strategies employed. Results: One hundred and twenty-five students were approached and 80 consented to participate. The 80 students were analysed. Elevated depressive symptomatology scores were found in 46% of students, of which 14% had scores falling in severe category. More than 62% had elevated anxiety scores, of which 26% had severe range of scores, and 37% students had elevated stress scores, of which more than 10% had severe range of scores. Venting, humour and self-blame were found to be the predominant facets of coping styles employed and they had a significant statistical correlation with all three subscales of DASS-21. Conclusion: The study found a significant prevalence of depressive, anxiety and stress symptomatology. These findings emphasise the need for mental health interventions and support programmes for medical college MBBS students to help them cope with the psychological impact of academic and personal stressors.

An Arduino-Powered Device for the Study of White Perception beyond the Visual Chromatic Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency.

Arduino microcontrollers are used for a wide range of technological and biomedical applications, such as image classification, computer vision, brain-computer interaction and vision experiments. Here, we present a new cost-effective mini-device based on RGB LED flicker stimulation for the assessment of the chromatic temporal resolution of the visual function based on the concept of critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF). The assembly of the device and its testing in thirty young subjects demonstrate the steady white visual perception of a trichromatic flicker stimulus (mixture of red, green and blue stimuli) beyond the CFF. Macular function as measured by photo-stress recovery time (PRT) was found to be independent of the CFF measurements for red, green and blue lights. However, a statistical correlation was found between the contrast modulation for CFF for red and green stimuli and PRT. Finally, wavefront measurements demonstrate that high-order aberrations improve the temporal resolution of the visual function.

Elucidating Physicochemical Features of Holin Proteins Responsible for Bacterial Cell Lysis.

Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics stimulated the development of so-called "phage therapies" that rely on cell lysis, which is a process of destroying bacterial cells due to their infections by bacterial viruses. For λ bacteriophages, it is known that the critical role in this process is played by holin proteins that aggregate in cellular membranes before breaking them apart. While multiple experimental studies probed various aspects of cell lysis, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain not well understood. Here we investigate what physicochemical properties of holin proteins are the most relevant for these processes by employing statistical correlation analysis of cell lysis dynamics for different experimentally observed mutant species. Our findings reveal significant correlations between various physicochemical features and cell lysis dynamics. Notably, we uncover a strong inverse correlation between local hydrophobicity and cell lysis times, underscoring the crucial role of hydrophobic interactions in membrane disruption. Stimulated by these observations, a predictive model capable of explicitly estimating cell lysis times for any holin protein mutants based on their mean hydrophobicity values is developed. Our study not only provides important microscopic insights into cell lysis phenomena but also proposes specific routes to optimize medical and biotechnological applications of bacteriophages.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Characterization in a Population from Bihor County Romania

Our aim was to analyse the characteristics of a large cohort of patients with IBS from Bihor County. We retrospectively studied 525 patients with IBS admitted between 2018-2023 in Bihor Emergency Clinical County Hospital. We extracted, interpreted and statistically analysed the following parameters: age, gender, environment, family history, smoking and alcohol status, Bristol scale, results of colonoscopy and treatment. The overall prevalence of IBS was 0.2%. Fifty-six % were women, 61% of patients were from urban environment, average age was 57.74 years, with a significant statistical difference between medium age in women vs men. There was a significant statistical correlation between the medium age, medium height, and weight of our patients and smoking status, alcohol consumption, and positive family history. Colonoscopy was done in 148 patients and conditions found in addition to IBS appeared in 7.6% of the cases. The dominant finding was tumoral (4% of IBS cases), followed by various inflammatory conditions. The mean age for patients with normal results was 55.07 years, 50.84 years for patients with inflammatory lesions and 67.81 years for tumoral lesions, with statistically significant correlations between age and the results of colonoscopy. We did not find statistical correlation between Bristol Scale and the results of colonoscopy. Only 142 patients followed specific treatment, suggesting low compliance. The epidemiological traits of our IBS patients seem to remain constant along the time as our research lines up with other studies. Among these, age, female gender and urban provenance seem to be the most significant factors, whereas habits, body mass index, and family history seem not to be statistically significant. As Rome criteria accurately diagnose IBS, we have to remember that colonoscopy should be recommended to a rather small and well selected cases of patients of older age, as in such cohorts tumoral lesions were most frequent.

The intrabulbar or extrabulbar growth pattern and its surgical outcomes of jugular foramen paragangliomas.

This study is to define a subclassification system of jugular foramen paragangliomas (JFPs) and to demonstrate corresponding microsurgical outcomes of JFPs. Retrospective study. A single-center study. We conducted a retrospective review of the clinical data of 44 patients with JFPs who underwent surgical management. Extrabulbar(Be) tumor and intrabulbar(Bi) tumor are defined based on the growth patterns, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the imaging profile were generated and was confirmed based on intraoperative findings. Area Under Curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for diagnostic imaging were revealed. We also compared the correlation between the two growth patterns with Fisch's classification, blood loss, lower cranial nerves (LCNs) deficit. There are 27 (69%) cases of Bi tumor and 17 (39%) cases of Be tumor. Significant radiomics features between the two growth patterns were demonstrated, ROC curves achieved excellent AUCs for MRI sequences (T1W1 MRI, MR contrast-enhanced sequence, MR complex sequences and MR complex + DSA by 0.833, 0.833, 0.875, 0.944) and had statistically significant in diagnosis of two growth patterns (P<0.05). There was no statistical correlation between growth patterns of JFPs and intra-operative blood loss. Preoperative LCNs deficits and Fisch's classification of tumors were correlated with the growth patterns of JFPs (P < 0.05). We proposetd two growth patterns of JFPs in term of the inferior petrous sinus involvement. Identification of Bi or Be growth patterns preoperatively is helpful to design optimal surgical strategies and minimize postoperative complications.

Exploring the Impact of Facebook Usage on Nepali Users: A Survey Study Conducted on the Facebook Platform

Background: Facebook significantly influences Nepal's social interactions, psychological well-being, and cultural norms. Given its wide adoption among Nepali users, understanding its effects within the diverse socio-cultural context, especially among youth, is essential. Objective: This study aims to assess how Facebook impacts Nepali users' social interactions, psychological well-being, and cultural expression, guiding evidence-based interventions and policies promoting responsible social media use in Nepal. Method: This quantitative study collects data from Nepali users using an online survey exclusively on Facebook. Stratified random sampling (minimum 384 respondents) ensures demographic diversity. SPSS analyses data using descriptive statistics for demographic profiles and Facebook usage patterns. Inferential statistics (correlation, regression) explore relationships between Facebook usage and impacts. Results: Preliminary findings show that diverse Facebook usage patterns among Nepali users affect social interactions and psychological well-being. Correlational analysis indicates links between usage intensity and specific outcomes. Qualitative insights reveal cultural themes in online interactions. Conclusion: The study highlights the nuanced impact of Facebook in Nepal, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. By comprehending these effects, policymakers can create effective strategies that harness Facebook's advantages while mitigating risks, ultimately promoting healthier social media engagement in Nepal.

Visual prognosis in retinoblastoma patients with multimodality treatments: Visual Prognosis in Retinoblastoma Patients

PurposeThis study evaluates factors associated with globe preservation and long-term visual outcomes according to clinical characteristics and treatment modalities in intraocular retinoblastoma patients. DesignA retrospective review of medical records enrolled intraocular retinoblastoma patients between January 1, 2007, and June 30, 2020. Methods•Setting: Single-centered.•Patient or study population: Intraocular retinoblastoma patients treated at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.•Main outcome measure: A statistically significant factor associated with visual prognosis corresponds to baseline characteristics, staging, anatomical involvement, and multimodal treatments. Results86 patients (124 eyes) were included. Median age of disease bilaterality onset was significantly younger than unilaterality. Three-quarters of patients were in advanced stages (groups D or E in either ICRB or IIRC and up to cT2a from AJCC). Globe salvage rate was 54.0 % (67 eyes). ICRB Groups D-E, IIRC Groups D-E, and AJCC cT2a and more advanced stages are the globe removal-associated independent risk factors (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] [95 % CI] = 7.40 [1.36, 40.09], 8.33 [1.55, 44.73], 14.73 [1.55, 139.79], respectively). Compared to other classification, IIRC provided the highest statistical correlation from univariate analysis. IIRC Groups A-C is a good visual acuity-associated independent risk factor (AOR [95 % CI] = 4.64 [1.05, 20.43] and P = 0.042). Macular involvement is a worse visual acuity-associated independent risk factor (AOR [95 % CI] = 0.14 [0.02, 0.82] and P = 0.03). Systemic chemotherapy (86.29 %) is the mainstay treatment in our study and is the only good visual outcome-associated treatment. Subgroup analysis of all eyes receiving systemic chemotherapy reveals statistically significant preventive factors for globe removal for tumor staging with ICRB and IIRC groups A-C and AJCC stages cT1a–cT1b (odds ratio [95 % CI] = 15.75 [4.38, 56.65], 15.67 [4.34, 56.53], 9.97 [2.75, 36.18], respectively; P=<0.001) and prevents the worse visual outcome in these stages, (odds ratios [95 % CI] = 4.57 [1.28, 16.27], 6.61 [1.74, 25.11], and 7.50 [1.86, 30.16], respectively; P =< 0.05). ConclusionsAll recent advanced clinical stagings are globe removal outcome-associated independent risk factors. IIRC staging is the best visual results predictor. IIRC Groups A-C were associated with a good visual outcome. Macular involvement tumors are strongly associated with poor visual outcome, despite successful globe preservation from multimodality treatment. Systemic chemotherapy remains a crucial globe-saving treatment and prevents worse vision–especially in ICRB and IIRC Groups A-C and AJCC stage cT1a-cT1b.

Influence of age on pelvic inlet and outlet radiographic views

Background. Unstable fractures of the posterior pelvic ring represent a pressing concern in trauma surgery. Minimally invasive osteosynthesis techniques have gained widespread acceptance in contemporary practice. Accurate radiographic visualization is a critical component for the precise and successful placement of iliosacral and transsacral screws. Obtaining and accurately interpreting X-ray images can pose challenges in specific clinical situations, particularly those involving age-related skeletal changes. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of the patient’s age on the measures of pelvic radiographic inlet and outlet views angles for performing a sacral fracture fixation using cannulated screws. Methods. A retrospective analysis of CT data was conducted on 106 patients with posterior pelvic ring injuries requiring cannulated screw fixation. Preoperative CT scans were reconstructed into sagittal projections. We performed construction and measurement of the true inlet angle, super-inlet angle, pelvic outlet angle, sacral concavity angle, promontory angle, S1 and S2 outlet view angles. Statistical correlation between sacral tilt angle and the patient’s age was assessed. Results. A two-step cluster analysis divided the patient cohort into two groups with significant differences in pelvic outlet angles and age (N1 = 64, N2 = 42). Statistically significant differences were found between the two clusters in all the studied parameters: median values of true pelvic inlet angles were 27.2° [23.2-32.2] and 18.2° [11.4-26.6] respectively (p0.001); super-inlet angles were 42.5° [39.3-47.8] and 36.2° [28.7-42.8] respectively (p0.001); promontory angles were 128.1° [123.3-133.2] and 122.1° [115.6-129.3] respectively (p = 0.003); pelvic outlet angles were 62.6° [58.4-69.6] and 50.3° [45.9-53.5] respectively (p0.001); S1 outlet angles were 51.8° [48.9-56.5] and 46.8° [43.1-50.2] respectively (p0.001); S2 outlet angles were 40.8° [37.3-44.6] and 35.7° [30.9-38.6] respectively (p0.001); the mean of the sacral concavity angles was 174.8°±10.5 and 152.1°±38.2 respectively (p0.001); and the main age was 41.6±18.7 and 69.2±16.1 years respectively (p0.001). A statistically significant inverse correlation between age and pelvic tilt angle (ρ = 0.534; p0.001) was found. A novel diagnostic method for identifying sacral dysmorphism using angle measurement within the S1 bone corridor is presented. The sacrum was considered dysmorphic if the angle was equal to or less than 5°. Conclusions. As the patient’s age increases by one year, pelvic outlet angle decreases by 26°. If pelvic inlet angles are equal to or less than 14.45°, the difficulties in visualizing S1 and S2 outlet views during surgery are to be expected. The median of angles difference before and after anterior sacral tilt correction using a coccyx pad was 9.4° with interquartile range from 7.8° to 11°. Significant anatomical variations in posterior pelvic ring structure were observed among the study cohort. Preoperative CT sagittal reconstructions allow appropriate planning of intraoperative visualization considering expected intraoperative radiographic inlet and outlet views.

Study of the Relationship between Insulin Resistance, Iron Status Markers and Body Weight in a Sample of Egyptian Population

Abstract Background Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Aim of the Work The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between insulin Resistance, iron Status Markers and body Weight in a sample of Egyptian population. Patients and Methods Our study was case control study conducted on 90 subjects their age was ranging form18 to 70 from diabetes outpatient clinic, and they were divided into 3 groups: Group (1): Non-obese non-diabetic as a control group, Group (2): Obese non diabetic and group (3): Obese diabetic. Results In our study, there was no statistical significant difference found between the three studied groups regarding iron study, Also our study showed that there was statistically non significant correlation between (ferritin level and TIBC), and (ferritin level, HOMA IR), but there was statistical significant positive correlation found between TIBC and FBS (p- value 0.045),Similarly, we did not observe either abnormally high or low ferritin values in our study on subjects with obesity. We found no association between this marker and body weight, in contrast with others. In our study, the higher insulin and HOMA-IR values observed in the subjects with TSAT&amp;lt;20% = 4.2(1.4-11.6) than those with TSAT &amp;gt;20% =2.4 (1.15-6.95), but statistically non significant p- value. The present study also showed that There was statistical significant positive correlation between (T.SAT, serum ferritin), (T.SAT, S.iron) and (T.SAT,SBP) (with p-value 0.03). Our study also showed that there was no statistical significant difference found between patients with T.sat ≤ 20% and those with T.sat &amp;gt; 20% regarding all the studied parameters except ferritin level and iron level was found higher in patients with T.sat &amp;gt;20% than those with T. sat ≤20% with p-value &amp;lt;0.001 and &amp;lt;0.001 respectively. Conclusion Characteristics of iron deficiency or iron overload were not observed in subjects with overweight/obesity and diabetic patients. Our results suggest a complex metabolic dysregulation.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Abstract Background Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic complaints. About 85% of adolescent population and 3% of the adults between the age of 35-44 years have this disease worldwide. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. Helicobacter pylori is a gastric Gram-negative, spiral-shaped microaerophilic pathogen closely associated with gastric and extra-gastric diseases (chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, gastric cancer, iron deficiency anemia, etc). It has been shown that H. pylori may play a potential pathogenic role in extra-intestinal diseases such as hepatobiliary, respiratory, cardiovascular, and dermatological disorders. The latter included chronic urticaria, psoriasis, henoch-schonlein purpura, and rosacea. Objective To determine the prevalence of H. Pylori infection among AV patients and correlate it with the disease severity. We included 45 patients with AV and 45 matched age and sex apparent healthy controls. Methods This case control study included 45 Patients with AV. They were recruited from the Dermatology outpatient clinic, Ain Shams University Hospitals and Teba specialized hospital in Luxur government. The study also included 45 age and sex matched healthy volunteers as a control group. They were recruited from people who don't have AV attending Al Demerdash Hospital Ain Shams University and Tepa Specialized Hospital. The study was done in the period from November 2021 to October 2022. Results Detection of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody IgG in serum in both groups revealed that the rates of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody IgG in serum were significantly higher in AV patients compared to control subjects. Also the patients with severe AV had statistically significant higher rates of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody in serum as compared to the patients with mild Acne and healthy controls. Also the number of AV involved sites and severity of AV were significantly correlated with H. pylori Ag in stool and H pylori Ab in serum. While there was no statistical significant correlation between (the type of AV, onset of AV and duration of AV) and H. pylori Ag in stool and H. pylori Ab in serum. Conclusion The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with acne vulgaris is high so it may represent a risk factor for this skin disease. Also the indicators of H. pylori infection were positively correlated with the severity of AV.