State Target Programs Research Articles

Legal scientific and research infrastructure in ukraine and the world, its impact on the development of innovations

Problem setting. The absence of a systematic state policy regarding the development of research infrastructures and insufficient funding of scientific institutions and institutions of higher education significantly affects the decrease in the competitiveness of scientific research in Ukraine and negatively affects the development of the national economy. Therefore, one of the priorities of state policy should be the development of scientific and research infrastructure, including the legal one. Analysis of recent research and publications. Ukrainian scientists who studied this issue are: Hlibko S.V., Lyubchych A.M., Kokhan V.P., Rozgon O.V., Golovashchenko O.S. etc. Foreign researchers are Adrian Dusha, Dietrich Nelle, Günter Stock, and Gert G. Wagner and others. Purpose of research is to analyze the state of development of the legal research infrastructure in Ukraine and the world to determine the prospects for its improvement in Ukraine. Article’s main body. The Concept of the State target program for the development of research infrastructures in Ukraine for the period until 2026 states that a significant decrease in the competitiveness of scientific research has a negative impact on the development of the national economy and, accordingly, on the quality of life of its citizens. The reasons for this are lack of a systematic state policy regarding the development of research infrastructures; multi-year underfunding for support and renewal of the material and technical base of scientific institutions and institutions of higher education; low remuneration of scientists; inability of scientists and young lawyers to fully realize their scientific and professional potential in Ukraine; migration of scientists abroad. All the factors listed above make it impossible to build a society based on knowledge and make it impossible to develop the spheres of scientific and innovative activity. Lawyers note the problems of inconsistency of legal education in Ukraine with the modern requirements of the legal market. Thus, in 2021, the Committee of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on Education, Science and Innovation approved the Concept of the Development of Legal Education, which provides for a comprehensive reform of legal education. Ways to solve the outlined problems are improvement of the regulatory framework for the regulation of this sphere of relations, attraction of various forms of funding for scientific research, modernization of the material and technical base of research infrastructures. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Legal research infrastructures play a significant role in the development of modern legal science and the training of experts in the field of law, on whom the legal order and welfare of society depend. In our opinion, it is necessary to create and develop such elements of the legal research infrastructure that will allow future lawyers to acquire, first, real practical and empirical knowledge. In our opinion, the question of sufficient funding of research infrastructures and decent remuneration of scientists and lawyers is extremely important to create a comfortable and safe environment for conducting research at the highest level.

Legal regulation of rehabilitation assistance to military personnel during martial law

The scientific article delves into the legal regulation of rehabilitation assistance to military personnel during martial law. The research, aimed at establishing the legal basis for providing rehabilitation assistance to military personnel during martial law, is underpinned by a robust methodological basis. The research methods employed are not only general scientific but also special legal, including theoretical-legal, formal-dogmatic, and comparative-legal methods. This thorough approach instills confidence in the validity of the research. The results of the research consist in determining the legal basis for providing rehabilitation assistance to military personnel. It has been established that the legal regulation of providing rehabilitation assistance to military personnel is carried out by such Laws of Ukraine as "Basics of Ukrainian legislation on health care," "On rehabilitation in the field of health care," "On social and legal protection of military personnel and their family members." The specifics of providing rehabilitation assistance to military personnel during martial law are determined. It has been established that the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine’s structure includes a network of centers for medical rehabilitation and sanatorium-resort treatment of military personnel. It has been found that rehabilitation assistance for military personnel can occur in rehabilitation institutions and healthcare institutions with rehabilitation departments, subordinated to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine or other ministries. The legal grounds for sending military personnel to provide rehabilitation in foreign healthcare institutions have been analyzed. It is indicated that the decision to send military personnel to a rehabilitation institution for rehabilitation assistance is made based on the conclusion of the military medical commission. The importance of the existing state target program for providing rehabilitation assistance to defenders of Ukraine is emphasized. A conclusion was drawn on the necessity of enshrining a separate section in the Law of Ukraine, "On Rehabilitation in the Field of Health Care," dedicated to the specifics of the rehabilitation of military, injured in hostilities.

ANALYSIS OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE PREVENTION OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN CHILDREN

Diabetes mellitus has become one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in childhood today. International forecasts suggest that the incidence of diabetes will continue to rise in the coming decades, leading to a lifelong burden for millions of children worldwide. Therefore, prediction, prevention, and optimal treatment of diabetes, as well as early prevention of serious long-term complications, remain essential. Providing highly qualified medical care to diabetic patients is a crucial step in preventing the development of complications. The purpose of this article is to review existing research on diabetes prevention strategies for children, considering the different levels of medical care support available. Materials and Methods. This study investigates the organization of preventive care for children with diabetes in Ukraine. Researchers employed three key methods: bibliosemantic analysis, content analysis focused on analyzing Ukraine relevant regulations and legal frameworks, and the method of systemic approach and analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of how preventive care is currently organized for children with diabetes in Ukraine. Results. In Ukraine, preventive measures and the provision of medical care to pediatric patients with diabetes in the past years and today are regulated by a number of documents and orders of the Ministry of Health. As part of the Comprehensive Program “Diabetes Mellitus” (1999) and in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine “On Improving the Organization of Providing Endocrinological Care to the Population of Ukraine” (2006), the State Register of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (SYNADIAB) was created. The next step was the approval of the State Target Program “Diabetes Mellitus”. Subsequently, the Project of the national program “Health 2020: Ukrainian Dimension” became an effective tool, which outlined the main principles of the program implementation in the “Endocrinology” section for 2013-2020. It defined measures at all stages of diabetes prevention, such as primary prevention, which consists of maintaining and strengthening the general state of health and preventing or delaying the development of diabetes; secondary prevention should improve early detection of diabetes mellitus; tertiary prevention, which ensures the effectiveness and safety of treatment of children with diabetes to prevent the development of long-term complications. Today, the guidelines for the management of children with diabetes mellitus have been continued in such documents as “Diabetes Mellitus in Children”, Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines (2023) and Standards of Care (2023). Conclusion. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that ranks third in prevalence after cardiovascular and cancerous diseases and second in the structure of endocrine diseases after thyroid gland pathology. Today, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among children is constantly increasing and, therefore, solving the issues associated with this disease is one of the priority tasks for the national health care system. This is because diabetes mellitus is associated with a high risk of complications leading to loss of work capacity, disability, and mortality across various population groups. Organizing high-quality medical care and establishing an effective prevention system based on the latest medical technologies is crucial. Diabetes demands attention. Understanding the risks and prevention of the disease can significantly increase the chances of protection and a long, healthy life through timely treatment.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF PSYCHIATRIC CARE IN UKRAINE

The aim of the study. To analyze the current state of psychiatric care in Ukraine against the background of its reform; to investigate the dynamics of individual indicators of mental health and the activity of institutions providing psychiatric care for the period 2008-2021. Material and methods. The materials of the study were official statistical data from the reports of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Center for Medical Statistics of the Central Health Service of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for 2008–2021, and the Institute of Health Indicators and Evaluation (IHME, USA) on the global burden of diseases. Bibliographic, epidemiological, medical-statistical, analytical methods were used in the research. The results. The relevance of studying the current state of the organization of psychiatric care in Ukraine is primarily determined by the growing need of the population in connection with the negative impact of the consequences of the war on mental health. It was established that the prevalence of mental disorders in Ukraine in the period from 2008 to 2017 decreased by 17.8% and amounted to 3944.8; primary morbidity decreased by 38.7% and amounted to 300.9 cases per 100,000 population in 2017. Mortality from mental disorders in the period 2008-2017 decreased by 2.7 times to 2.3 cases per 100,000 population. However, in 2021 it was already 2.4. According to the second stage of the health care reform, there is a reduction in inpatient psychiatric facilities and their bed fund (by 40-50% on average). Medical facilities that provide psychiatric care lack qualified specialists (53-73% of positions are filled). Conclusions. Deinstitutionalization, which is carried out in Ukraine, is consistent with the Concept of the state target program of mental health care in Ukraine for the period until 2030. When reducing beds in psychoneurological hospitals, it is necessary to create conditions for alternative treatment of mentally ill patients in order to maintain the availability of care. The dynamics of changes in mental health indicators and the activity of healthcare institutions have regional features that must be taken into account when calculating the need for various types of psychiatric care. Optimizing psychiatric care is hindered by a lack of psychiatrists and psychologists, but the involvement of family doctors in the provision of psychological care and the introduction of mobile interdisciplinary teams will help.

Agricultural clusters in the regional development strategic planning system

The world experience of the development of integration processes shows that integrated enterprises are more efficient and adapted to the conditions of the market economy due to the creation of a single progressive process of manufacturing and promoting products from their producers to end consumers. In today's conditions, the country has not yet developed a system innovation development mechanism. A comprehensive solution to the problem of innovative development of the agricultural sector is the formation of a cluster policy at both the state and regional levels. Adjustment of state and regional strategic plans and target programs considering the cluster initiative will allow to achieve the target strategic guidelines for the development of the agricultural cluster, to ensure the implementation of the goals and objectives of the development of the territory of the region. Strategic planning for the development of the region's economy, including the agricultural and processing sectors, should be based on the peculiarities of the territory, considering the disparities in the development of individual districts. The established sectoral and territorial structure of the Mykolaiv region and the natural and climatic conditions of the region determine the directions of clustering of the agricultural sector and the limits of influence of cluster structures as growth points. The implementation of the project of the formation and development of an agrarian cluster in the system of strategic management of the Mykolaiv region requires a review of the provisions of the main strategic plans of regional development, the "Strategy for the development of the Mykolaiv region for the period up to and including 2027", as well as medium-term plans and programs, strategies of industry direction and targets programs of regional and sectoral development. Keywords: clustering, agricultural sector, economic development, regional policy, strategic planning.

Державні цільові програми як дієвий інструмент стимулювання розвитку економіки

The article is devoted to the study of the State target programs as an effective instrument for stimulating the economic development of Ukraine. The main goal is to determine the role of these programs in the socioeconomic development of the country, analyze their efficiency, identify problems and develop recommendations for improving their effectiveness. As a result of the study, it was determined that the State target programs have a significant potential for stimulating economic growth, creating jobs, attracting investment and improving socioeconomic indicators. At the same time, a number of problems have been identified, such as insufficient financing, ineffective management and control, which limit their efficiency. The success of such programs in achieving strategic development goals, in particular, stimulating economic growth and social progress, is analyzed. New approaches to improving the mechanisms of planning, financing and implementation of the State target programs are proposed, which include increasing transparency and accountability, as well as involving the private sector in the implementation of programs. The elaborated recommendations can be used by government bodies to improve the process of implementation of the State target programs, increase their efficiency and effectiveness. This, in turn, will contribute to the achievement of Ukraine’s strategic development goals. The key areas of reconstruction and recovery after the war are determined, which become the basis for the development of target programs. The authors consider various aspects of target program management, including monitoring mechanisms, performance evaluation and data-driven adjustment of strategies, systematization of the experience of using target programs as an instrument for post-war development and highlighting their impact on the sustainability of the country’s development in the context of post-war recovery.

ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ФІНАНСОВИЙ АУДИТ: РЕАЛІЇ, ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА НАПРЯМИ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ

The effective operation of the state, as well as its successful development, depends on the availability of budgetary funds, their proper distribution and use. That is why the problematic aspects of auditing in the field of public finance are of great importance. The state financial audit helps to assess the reliability of financial statements of state institutions and enterprises, which ensures transparency of their financial activities to the public and international partners. The audit helps to identify shortcomings in financial management and reveal opportunities for reducing costs and optimizing budget resources. Based on a thorough analysis of the national legislative and regulatory framework, the article presents the key differences between an independent audit and a state financial audit according to the following comparison criteria: concept; subjects; legal regulation; grounds for conducting; organizational and managerial support; financing; and documentation of the audit results. Particular attention is paid to the objects of the state financial audit, such as the implementation of budget programs, local budgets, activities of business entities, investment projects, use of information technology, state (regional) target programs. The article analyzes statistical reports on state financial audits conducted by the State Audit Service of Ukraine for 2018–2023. In particular, it was found that since 2019 the number of state financial audits conducted annually decreased, and in 2023 their number increased. At the same time, the share of components of the state financial audits conducted is approximately the same, except for state financial audits of investment projects, which were conducted only once in 2019 and twice in 2020. Based on the results of the state financial audits conducted in 2018–2023, the losses of financial and material resources caused by inefficient management actions or risky operations were compensated and prevented, and financial violations that caused losses of financial and material resources were eliminated. It is found that every year (except for 2021) both the amount of compensation and the amount of elimination of losses of financial and material resources, as well as the amount of eliminated financial violations, are increasing. The authors provide directions for improving the implementation of the state financial audit in Ukraine, which is an important tool for ensuring the stability and sustainable development of the Ukrainian economy, promotes confidence in public institutions, attracting investment and efficient use of budget funds.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ БЮДЖЕТНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of budget management. The article defines the place and role of budget management in effective state administration and local self-government. The peculiarities of budget management in special conditions were considered, as well as a functional analysis of budget management was carried out. The budgetary mechanism of innovation and investment development, which is one of the most important modern concepts in budget management, is substantiated. The current state and development trends of budget management in Ukraine at the state and local levels are studied. Different functional approaches to budget management are considered, the principles of budget management are defined. The latest IT tools for budget planning and monitoring budget execution are characterized, their prerequisites and advantages are given. The problems of the budget process in Ukraine are substantiated and the key aspects in the field of budgeting are substantiated. The main problem in Ukraine in recent years is the negative trend in the development of the budgeting process, and therefore, solving the issues of the management of budget expenditures and control over the effective use of budget funds is an urgent task. The analysis of the current state of budget management in Ukraine made it possible to determine the following directions of its development and improvement. Among the main ones: imbalance of revenue and expenditure parts of budgets of all levels and, as a result, its permanent deficit; widening of the gap between the volume of public borrowing and the repayment of the public debt, which causes the growth of the public debt in significant amounts over the last studied years; decrease in the degree of solvency of the state. As a result of the assessment of the current state of budget management at the meso-level, the presence of factors and factors that lead to the emergence of imbalance and inconsistency between its target orientation and tasks in the context of state regulation of the economy and the current state of formation and implementation of local budgets was ascertained. In the conditions of transformational changes, the main and necessary directions for improving budget management should be the introduction of budget control over the effectiveness of budget program implementation; improving the quality of capital budgeting; optimization of the number of budgetary state target programs; increase in budgetary security per capita; reduction of public administration expenditures and increase of social expenditures.

Implementation of innovations in Ukraine during martial state

This scientific article is devoted to the identification of current problems of legislative regulation of priority areas of innovative activity in Ukraine and development of proposals for their solution. It emphasized the need for rapid development of the state program of objectives for forecasting the scientific, technological and innovative development of Ukraine for 2023-2032, which will contribute to the formation of financial opportunities for the development of the national innovation system. Arguments are given that increasing the level of innovative development of Ukraine in the war and post-war period will contribute to: simplification of review and agreement procedures; aligning the content of legislative acts regulating the determination of priority areas of innovative activity; operational development of the state target program, which would determine the most promising directions for the development of scientific, technological and innovative activities. The obtained results allow us to conclude on the expediency of deploying a single national strategy for the development of innovative activity, which would allow clearly defining its objectives, priorities, resources, mechanisms of implementation and control, etc., as well as the "Strategic plan for overcoming the economic crisis in Ukraine for 2023-2025".

Problems of demining and the influence of military actions on the activities of business structures and the agricultural complex of Ukraine

The paper is devoted to the analysis of mining problems of a large part of the country's territory. It highlights the impact of military operations on the agro-industrial complex and the activities of business structures. The dynamics of losses due to mining and conducting active hostilities are given. In addition, the problems of the process of demining territories in Ukraine and directions for their solution are highlighted in detail, in particular through the financing mechanism of environmental state targeted programs. According to the research of the Ukrainian Club of Agrarian Business, about 2 million hectares of fields remain in those areas that have been cleared of mines. This leads to economic costs. Thus, Ukraine loses about 800 million dollars every year due to idleness. It is also worth emphasizing the amount of damage to agricultural production and the agro-industrial complex caused by the war. According to analytical estimates of the National Bank of Ukraine, during the war, the economy loses about 50% of "unproduced" GDP. According to experts' estimates, Ukraine loses about 50 billion hryvnias every week, not including losses from destruction. The IMF estimates Ukraine's losses due to the invasion of the occupiers at 35% of GDP. A significant number of business structures of enterprises found themselves in areas where active hostilities are taking place and were forced to evacuate to safe regions or stopped working altogether. A promising task in this direction is the approval of new environmental state target programs in order to demine agricultural territories and use them for the purposes of agricultural production and the implementation of activities of business structures. This mechanism provides for various implementation tools, sources and methods of financing. The mechanism considered in the paper provides for the active cooperation of state customers, investors of state target programs and the public in the implementation of environmental state target programs.

PROGRAM-TARGET APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN UKRAINE DURING THE PERIOD OF MARITAL STATUS

The article presents the results of an up-to-date scientific study of the problems of applying the program-targeted approach in the development of physical culture and sports in Ukraine during the period of martial law. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that during the period of martial law, the Ukrainian state, in accordance with the norms of the Basic Law of the state, must provide state guarantees of citizens' social rights. The purpose of the research is to determine the theoretical and practical approaches to the application of the program-target approach in the implementation of the national social program for the development of physical culture and sports in Ukraine during the period of martial law. It is emphasized that in Ukraine, the development of physical culture and sports is an established priority of state policy both in the period of sustainable development and in the period of crisis threats (the COVID-19 pandemic, war). It has been proven that at the level of implementation of the constitutional guarantees of the state, the sphere of physical culture and sports does not have an individualized legal anchoring in the Constitution of Ukraine. But it has the largest legal affiliation in the field of health care (Article 49 of the Constitution of Ukraine), and state guarantees are formulated as the state's care for the development of physical culture in Ukraine. The main characteristics of the state target program for the development of physical culture and sports are defined: sociality, state guarantee, interdisciplinary, polysubjectivity. At the same time, it has been proven that in the state targeted social program for the development of physical culture and sports, the role of several central executive bodies is declarative in nature, because their participation is not financed by the main manager of funds for the implementation of the program's activities. It is substantiated that the significant decrease in the integrated performance indicator of the implementation of the state social program for 2022, in comparison with previous years, is explained exclusively by the negative influence of the factor of full-scale war. It was determined that the implementation of the state targeted social program for the development of physical culture and sports correlates with the tasks of the WHO Global Recommendations for national governments regarding the development of physical activity for the health of the nation.

Some aspects of the legal regulation of state support for the production of organic crop production

The article examines the peculiarities of the legal regulation of state support for the production of organic crop production in Ukraine. The works of domestic scientists dealing with the issues of state support for the production of organic products were studied. Conducted legal analysis of Ukrainian and European legislation in the specified area. The author concludes that the issue of state support for the production of organic crop production in Ukraine is insufficiently regulated. To date, obtaining "real" funds for organic production is possible only through participation in grant programs. Their goal is to preserve and strengthen the capacity of the organic sector of Ukraine in the medium and long term, as well as to support producers of organic products whose areas are located in the territory of Zhytomyr, Kyiv, Chernihiv, Kharkiv and Sumy oblasts, which were occupied during the first months of the invasion, or the territory other areas affected by active hostilities. At the state level, the necessary conditions (both legal and financial) must be created to ensure the further development of organic production of crop production, which will contribute, among other things, to ensuring food security of our country. The author considers it appropriate to amend Article 8 of the Law of Ukraine "On Basic Principles and Requirements for Organic Production, Circulation and Labeling of Organic Products" in the following version: "state support can be provided to operators within the framework of the state target program for the development of organic production and relevant regional programs." In addition, we propose to supplement Clause 17-2.9 of Article 17-2 of the Law of Ukraine "On State Support of the Agriculture of Ukraine" with a subsection to provide for specific measures of state support for such branches of crop production as the harvesting of organic plants, organic viticulture and cultivation of organic grain crops. Also, the Law should provide for other types of state support for organic production, in particular regarding personnel and informational and advisory support.

ФІНАНСОВО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ

The article defines the role of air transport and airports as an integral part of the world transport system. Features that provide competitive advantages of air over other types of transport are highlighted. A macroeconomic assessment of airport finances was carried out based on the statistics of auxiliary air transport services during 2013–2021. It has been established that the value of non-current and current assets of airports has increased, and at the highest rates – for small enterprises. Statistically, it is shown that the main part of non-current and current assets falls on large enterprises, a smaller part – on medium ones, and a very small part – on small and micro enterprises. Similar trends also apply to the dynamics and structure of equity capital. Its dynamics is described by a linear trend with a high multiple coefficient of determination. It has been proven that the airports of Ukraine have sufficient stability, since the specific weight of own capital is high enough, they have a positive amount of own working capital, with the exception of 2019–2020. It is argued that during the years 2013–2021, the financial condition of the airports was sufficiently strong, in the emergency conditions of the martial law, its deterioration should be expected. The characteristics of the State target program for the development of airports for the period up to 2023 are provided, in the implementation of which 18 airports are involved, investment objects are determined for each of them. The forecast of the expected results of the implementation of the Program was carried out: technical (quantitative – increasing the carrying capacity of airports, and qualitative – bringing their operational level in line with international standards), economic (increasing the total passenger flow and cargo turnover, increasing the transit potential of Boryspil Airport and turning it into an international transport hub, activating the public-private partnership for investment and operation of airports, developing regional airports and increasing the market share of air carriers operating under the "low-cost" model cost"), social (preserving existing and creating additional jobs at aviation infrastructure entities in the regions).

The role of budget policy in ensuring the economic security of Ukraine during the conditions of the state of martial law

Introduction. The article analyzes the peculiarities of implementation of the budget policy of Ukraine in the context of ensuring the economic security of the state in the conditions of martial law. The main positive and negative aspects of the implementation of the budget policy in the conditions of martial law were determined and proposals were developed to increase its role in ensuring the economic security of the state. The purpose of the article is to study the effectiveness of the mechanisms of the application of budget policy tools of Ukraine in the context of ensuring the economic security of the state during the period of martial law. Research methods. The article uses traditional methods of scientific research: empirical and logical methods for determining the essence of the main concepts of research; statistical, graphic and comparison method for researching the main trends in the use of budget policy instruments of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law; methods of content analysis of normative legal acts on budget policy issues; methods of generalization and abstraction - to form research conclusions. The results. The effectiveness of the use of qualitative and quantitative instruments of the budgetary policy of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law is analyzed. The positive impact of tax benefits introduced under martial law on the economic security of firms, households, markets and the state as a whole has been proven. The main miscalculations in the system of budget policy have been identified, which consist in the non-fulfillment of budget expenditures for economic activity, the absence of state target programs for the development of the economy under martial law, in particular in the context of the development of logistics infrastructure, the military-industrial complex, etc. The vectors of optimizing the budget policy strategy in the context of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine by creating fiscal conditions for the development of processing industry enterprises, localization of public procurement, relocation of enterprises, logistics enterprises and logistics infrastructure as a whole are proposed.

Основні напрямки медико-психологічної реабілітації учасників бойових дій

The war in Ukraine actualized the problem of post-traumatic stress disorder. Comprehensive rehabilitation of combatants after the end of hostilities, that is, after the termination of the stressor, is of particular importance for society. Reducing the impact of the consequences of traumatic stress on somatic health and preventing psychosomatic pathology in these patients is an important task of medicine. The purpose of the study was to analyze the main directions of medical and psychological rehabilitation of combatants and measures to improve them. Materials and methods. A review of the literature in specialized publications and the Internet was carried out. Results and discussion. Medical and psychological rehabilitation of combatants should include several areas: diagnosis of the syndrome of socio-psychological maladaptation; psychological counseling; psychological correction; training in self-regulation skills; socio-psychological trainings; assistance in professional self-determination, career guidance for retraining and subsequent employment. The medical and psychological rehabilitation of combatants should be based on the main provisions of the integrative coping concept, according to which overcoming stress is a process in which an individual attempts to change or eliminate the problem, to reduce its intensity by changing their point of view on it, to ease its impact by distracting themselves from something or using other various coping methods. Conclusion. The results obtained clearly proved that today the rehabilitation of only the physical condition of patients is no longer relevant, since without taking into account the psychological status of the individual, its social adaptation, it is impossible to talk about the full functioning of the individual. All combatants will have to go through a period of social and psychological rehabilitation. The implementation of the Concept of the State Target Program for the physical, medical, psychological, social rehabilitation and professional readaptation of combatants requires the implementation of organizational and legal measures related to the conduct of targeted and coordinated actions on the part of government bodies, executive authorities, local governments, non-state institutions and organizations, and on a nationwide scale should provide medical, social and economic efficiency. The system of providing medical and psychological assistance and rehabilitation of combatants actions in terms of material, technical and personnel support should be considered as a component of the national security of the state

Victimological measures to prevent criminal offenses committed against foreigners

The article provides the concept of victimological prevention of criminal offenses, on the basis of which the conceptual ways of such activity in relation to foreigners are determined. As a result of the research, it was found that a significant determining influence on the victimization of specific victims-foreigners is exerted by special role victimization (business victimization, competitive-labour, educational-conformist, tourist), as well as victimological deformation of a person (various deviations in behaviour).
 In addition, a provoking behaviour of a victim accelerates victimization, namely: 1) active behaviour of an immoral or illegal nature, as a rule, causes the commission of a violent criminal offense; 2) passive behaviour, in cases of unforeseen behaviour, as a rule, causes the commission of a self-serving violent or self-serving criminal offense.
 Proposals for the implementation of specific measures to ensure the safety of foreigners according to each of the factors in today’s conditions are outlined.
 The considered factors of victimization of foreigners made it possible to group victimological prevention measures in the author’s proposed comprehensive state target program for the prevention of criminal offenses, one of the sections of which will concern foreigners, by spheres of influence, in particular in informational, social and technical spheres. So, in information field – elimination of phobias about the criminality of the surrounding reality and clarification of rules of conduct; in social sphere – provision of assistance during a period of adaptation in the working life situation, inspection of places of residence, leisure time of foreigners by special structures; a technical component includes the equipment of places of residence, training and even work with means of video recording.
 The author proposed definition of victimological prevention – it is the activity of state and public institutions aimed at identifying and neutralizing factors that shape victim behaviour, identifying risk groups and specific individuals with an increased degree of victimization, developing protective capabilities of potential victims, and even restoring rights violated by illegal acts and prevention of repeat victimization.

Legal Basis for the Development of the Research Infrastructure System in Ukraine

Problem setting. The research is devoted to the analysis of the development of research infrastructures of the European Union. The article analyzes the legal basis and practice of the functioning of research infrastructures in the European Research Area and Ukraine. Analysis of resent researches and publications. Today, aspects of the development of innovation systems and research infrastructures of the European Union are a topic for research of many domestic researchers. However, the issue of integration of the scientific and innovative system of Ukraine into the European Research Area remains urgent. Target of research. The purpose of the article is to analyze the legal basis for the creation and functioning of the system of research infrastructures in Ukraine. Аrticle’s main body. Research infrastructures means a research facility necessary for conducting comprehensive research and development with high financial and technology demands, approved by the Government and established to be also used by other research organizations. ‘Research Infrastructure’ means facilities, resources and related services that are used by the scientific community to conduct top-level research in their respective fields and covers major scientific equipment or sets of instruments; knowledgebased resources such as collections, archives or structures for scientific information; enabling Information and Communications Technology-based infrastructures such as Grid, computing, software and communication, or any other entity of a unique nature essential to achieve excellence in research. Such infrastructures may be ‘single-sited’ or ‘distributed’ (an organised network of resources). In 2021, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine approved the Roadmap for the integration of the scientific and innovative system of Ukraine into the European research area. The priority is to increase the effectiveness of the national innovation system, with the aim of harmonizing policy in the field of scientific, scientific and technical and innovative activities in accordance with EU standards and norms, forming a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the quality of scientific and scientific and technical activities, sustainable funding of R&D for the development of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities. Conclusions and prospects for the development. In recent years, the research infrastructure of the EU has undergone significant development. As for Ukraine, which is just beginning its path in this direction, an important step was the adoption of the Concept of the State Target Program for Research Infrastructures in Ukraine until 2026, as well as the approval of the Roadmap for integration of Ukraine’s research and innovation system into the European Research Area.

Dignified working conditions for scientists – on e of the priority directions of state policy in the field of science

Problem setting. The transition to an innovative model of economic development of the country is impossible without creating conditions for safe, high-quality, efficient work with decent pay in various sectors of the economy, which contributes to the realization of human potential. The development of the latter is decisive for the further fate of the economic, political, social, spiritual spheres of life in Ukraine and the creation of conditions for its transition to an innovative model of the state system. The implementation of the Concept of Decent Work at all levels is a complex mechanism for solving the accumulated problems in the social and labor sphere of the country. Today, this is especially true of the scientific field related to intellectual activity. Target of research. Research of problematic issues of legal regulation of relations in the scientific sphere on decent working conditions for scientists and identification of ways to solve them. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issue of decent work in Ukraine is to some extent covered in the scientific works of such scientists as LP Amelicheva, AV Vasylyk, L. Yu. Velychko, OO Gerasimenko, OD Gostyuk, O V. Zhadan, VV Zhernakov, Yu. Ivchuk, AM Kolot, TA Kolyada, SG Rudakova and others. At the same time, to date, there are no relevant comprehensive studies in the available scientific literature to ensure decent work of such subjects of labor law as scientists, as well as the legal mechanism for appropriate provision. Article’s main body. According to the Concept of the State Target Program for the Development of Research Infrastructures in Ukraine for the period up to 2026, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of April 14, 2021 № 322-r. One of the problems that needs to be solved is the unsatisfactory condition of the material and technical base of research infrastructures, the lack of decent working conditions for scientists and comfortable premises for their work. The scientific potential of human resources in Ukraine is high enough for research. At the same time, with the low level of material and technical base of scientific institutions and higher education institutions, the number of researchers in Ukraine has almost halved in recent years. The most active, creative scientists continue to leave the scientific sphere. Although scientific personnel and knowledge are fundamental factors in the sustainable development of scientific and technical potential of the state. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It is noted that the existence of the problems considered in the article is due not only to insufficient funding for science, although, of course, the economic factor is one of the main, but also imperfect legislation, lack of research infrastructure, lack of career opportunities, weak interaction with business, lack of government policies aimed at supporting the promotion of science and a number of other factors, which leads to the fact that scientists are forced to either go abroad to work or leave science altogether. The expediency of developing a strategy and program to overcome the problems of decent work in the scientific field is indicated. In particular, it is proposed to develop and approve the Concept of implementation of criteria of decent work in the scientific sphere, which will promote the formation of an ideological “human-centric prism”, through which all processes to improve what is happening today. Its main tasks should be: to determine the most important principles and strategic directions of the legal mechanism for ensuring decent work of Ukrainian scientists; improving the legislation in terms of creating and ensuring the functioning of the legal mechanism to ensure decent work of scientists in Ukraine; prevention of negative socioeconomic consequences related to the functioning of the legal mechanism for ensuring decent work of Ukrainian scientists.

PROSPECTS FOR MODERNIZATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL ADVISORY SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR ENSURING DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATION IN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the study of problems and development prospects of the agricul­tural advisory system in Ukraine. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the fact that today in Ukraine agricultural advisory as a consulting system has not been properly devel­oped and remains out of the state’s attention, needs modernization and increasing the efficiency in order to further ensure the development of agricultural cooperation in Ukraine. Despite the provisions of the State Target Program for the Development of the Agricul­tural Sector for the Period until 2022 and the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, the number of agricultural advisory services in Ukraine remains small, majority of the agricultural advisory services are located in administrative centers, while ag­ricultural producers are located in rural areas, the level of financial support from the state and local authorities is too small for successful development. This article highlights proposals for modernizing the agricultural advisory system. The in­troduction of a hierarchical three-level system of the agricultural advisory services is proposed. The article stressed the need to review the principle of financing the advisory activities and to introduce web-platforms of the digital advisory in Ukraine, which will help to reduce the barriers to access of agricultural producers to information and consulting service of advisory services.

ЧИННИКИ І ШЛЯХИ РОЗВИТКУ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ

З’ясовано поточний стан процесів цифровізації в Україні, напрями і шляхи прискорення її цифрового розвитку. Розкрито зміст і проаналізовано фактори сприяння й гальмування цифрових перетворень, серед яких: наявний вагомий людський потенціал ІТ-сектору, доступність інтернет-зв’язку, впровадження цифрових ініціатив Європейського Союзу, діяльність спільнот, фактори інституційного середовища і цифрової інфраструктури. Показано, що впровадження технічних рішень єдиного європейського цифрового ринку для обміну електронними даними (eCommerce, eDelivery, eCustom) є безпечним, надійним і перевіреним способом, що пов’язує бізнес не тільки з країнами ЄС, але й за його межами. Проаналізовано становлення ІКТ-сектору в Україні за останні більш як 20 років через призму розробки та впровадження законодавчих і нормативних актів, напрямів і заходів державної політики у цій сфері. Виявлено переваги, недоліки й прогалини в інституційному середовищі країни. Акцентовано на перевагах програмно-цільового підходу і методології стратегічного планування для розв’язання комплексних проблем соціально-економічного розвитку. Доведено неефективність розробки і впровадження законодавчих ініціатив у відриві від загальнонаціональних цілей та пріоритетів. Обґрунтовано необхідність і доцільність розробки Державної цільової програми розвитку сектору ІКТ в Україні, оновлення існуючої Концепції цифрового розвитку економіки та суспільства і формування державної промислової політики. Розроблено пропозиції щодо створення в Україні потужного виробничого потенціалу цифрової індустрії та прискореного зведення національної цифрової інфраструктури. Розкрито перспективні напрями цифровізації в Україні, до яких віднесено: штучний інтелект, технології розподіленого реєстру і квантові обчислення. Запропоновано відновити практику розробки державних довго- і середньострокових планів соціально-економічного розвитку країни як системної основи для розгортання галузевих ініціатив з цифровізації.